Sports Biomechanics最新文献_第8页

Do braking and amortisation forces in countermovement jumps contribute to jump height? 反向跳跃中的制动和平摊力对跳跃高度有影响吗?

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2232340

Daichi Nishiumi, Norikazu Hirose

{"title":"Do braking and amortisation forces in countermovement jumps contribute to jump height?","authors":"Daichi Nishiumi, Norikazu Hirose","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2232340","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2232340","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the braking and amortisation forces during a countermovement jump (CMJ) increases the early-half concentric mean force (EMF) which can enhance muscle contraction velocity in the latter half of the concentric phase. This may negatively affect exertion force, owing to the force-velocity relationship and not increase the jump height. This study aimed to investigate the associations of the braking and amortisation forces during the CMJ with the latter-half concentric mean force (LMF). Twenty-seven men (age: 20 ± 1 years, body mass: 76.2 ± 8.3 kg, height: 173.5 ± 4.7 cm) with training experience who performed body mass CMJs and five loaded CMJs were included. We calculated the braking rate of force development (B-RFD), amortisation force (AmF), EMF, and LMF, as well as the theoretical maximum force (F0) and velocity (V0) of the force-velocity profile. Correlation analyses per variable identified significant negative correlations of B-RFD and AmF with the LMF, but not of B-RFD and AmF with the jump height. Additionally, V0 was significantly correlated with the LMF. Therefore, increasing the initial concentric force by increasing the braking and amortisation forces may not contribute to jump height owing to a decrease in the latter-half concentric force due to the force-velocity relationship.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3121-3130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10143808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ecological-dynamical approach to golf science: implications for swing biomechanics, club design and customisation, and coaching practice. 高尔夫科学的生态动力学方法:对挥杆生物力学、球杆设计和定制以及教练实践的影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2067075

Paul S Glazier

引用次数: 0

Unimodal and bimodal curves of ground reaction force-time profiles identify the drop jump performance. 地面反作用力-时间曲线的单模态和双模态曲线确定了落体跳的成绩。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2298972

Hsien-Te Peng, Chien-Ting Lai, Hung-Li Lin, Li-I Wang

{"title":"Unimodal and bimodal curves of ground reaction force-time profiles identify the drop jump performance.","authors":"Hsien-Te Peng, Chien-Ting Lai, Hung-Li Lin, Li-I Wang","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298972","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298972","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the kinematics and kinetics differences in ground reaction force (GRF)-time profiles with uni- and bimodal curves (UNC and BIC) during the concentric phase of the drop jump (DJ). Twenty two male Physical Education college student who met UNC (N = 11) or BIC (N = 11) of the GRF-time profile of were recruited. Two force plates and eight infrared optical cameras were synchronised to collect the GRF and motion data during DJ from a 30-cm height. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality of data. The Wilcoxon test was used when data were not normally distributed. Otherwise, Independent t-tests were used to compare differences between the UNC and BIC groups for each dependent variable. The UNC group demonstrated shorter ground contact time, lower jump height, greater leg stiffness, greater peak power during the eccentric phase, less work during the eccentric and concentric phases, and greater hip and knee joint flexion and extension angle displacements (p < 0.05). No significant intergroup differences were found in reactive strength index (p > 0.05). The UNC and BIC of the GRF-time profiles can indicate whether athletes can practice DJ appropriately. UNC can be representative of a better DJ performance with an efficient stretch-shortening cycle function.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3151-3160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139106831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What makes a successful relay start in swimming? 怎样才能成功开始游泳接力？

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2303787

Santiago Veiga, Claudia Braun, Xiao Qiu, Jelena Stosic, Stefan Fuhrmann, Armin Kibele, Sebastian Fischer

{"title":"What makes a successful relay start in swimming?","authors":"Santiago Veiga, Claudia Braun, Xiao Qiu, Jelena Stosic, Stefan Fuhrmann, Armin Kibele, Sebastian Fischer","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2303787","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2303787","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the mechanical advantage of preparatory movements on the starting block, current evidence questions the start improvements of competitive swimmers with their relay techniques. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyse the kinetic and kinematic parameters of a successful relay start. Twenty national- and international-level swimmers performed several relay starts (n = 145) with their preferred technique (short or long-step start) over an instrumented OBS11 starting platform. Trials were classified as successful or non-successful depending on the 10-m times being faster or slower than their individual start. Linear Mixed Models outlined that successful relay starts were characterised (all p < 0.05) by a later (0.04 s) onset of the leg step, a lower (18%) horizontal force during the leg step, and a later (0.03 s) positioning of the hands at the lowest point of the upper-limb backswing. In addition, greater values for the maximal horizontal (12%) and vertical (9%) forces and faster horizontal (4%) and resultant (3%) velocities were detected when driving off the block. These characteristics were also dependent on the relay technique. Unlike individual track starts, swimmers with fast relay starts employed longer preparatory movements on the block to maximise the time of force application and thus the impulse.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3442-3453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139425878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between the dry-land strength & power and the kick start kinetics in elite male and female swimmers. 精英男子和女子游泳运动员的旱地力量和功率与踢腿起步动力学之间的联系。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2158921

Catarina C Santos, Tiago M Barbosa, Daniel A Marinho, Mário J Costa

{"title":"Association between the dry-land strength & power and the kick start kinetics in elite male and female swimmers.","authors":"Catarina C Santos, Tiago M Barbosa, Daniel A Marinho, Mário J Costa","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2158921","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2158921","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to determine the association between dry-land exercises and the start kinetics in elite swimmers. Fourteen swimmers (eight males and six females) included in a national team took part in this study. A fixed smith-machine was used to measure the maximal full squat strength (Smax). The height of squat (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jumps were collected with a contact mat. The ground reaction force of the kick starts in the three-dimensional axis (Fz horizontal; Fy, vertical; Fx, lateral) was obtained by an instrumented force plate in the starting block. Overall, the Smax showed a high and significant association with Fz (r = 0.60) and Fy (r = 0.87). Moderate and significant associations were found between Fy and SJ (r = 0.51) and CMJ (r = 0.57). While Smax in males showed high association with Fy (r = 0.77), the Smax for females showed greater association with Fz (r = 0.84). As conclusion, the full back squat seems to be the dry-land exercise with higher association with the kick start kinetics. While in males the full squat defines better the vertical component, for females it defines the horizontal one.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3202-3212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10454325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves reaction time and execution time of roundhouse kick in highly skilled martial arts athletes. 神经肌肉电刺激提高高技术武术运动员回旋踢的反应时间和执行时间。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2216186

Nikolaos S Makronasios, Ioannis G Amiridis, Baggalas Evaggelos, Kannas M Theodoros, Aikaterini C Plastraki, Chrysostomos Sahinis, Roger M Enoka

{"title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves reaction time and execution time of roundhouse kick in highly skilled martial arts athletes.","authors":"Nikolaos S Makronasios, Ioannis G Amiridis, Baggalas Evaggelos, Kannas M Theodoros, Aikaterini C Plastraki, Chrysostomos Sahinis, Roger M Enoka","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2216186","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2216186","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on a roundhouse kick (RHK) and the rate of force development (RFD) and peak force during maximal isometric contractions with the knee extensors. Sixteen martial arts athletes were randomly assigned to either a training group (NMES + martial arts) or a control group (martial arts). The RHK was performed to a fixed target located approximately 1.5 m away from the athlete. The reaction time and execution time were quantified with a light-sensor system. Participants were tested before and after completing 15 sessions of training (5 weeks, 3 sessions/week, 90 min/session). In addition, the training group performed another 15 sessions (3 sessions/week, 30 min/session) in which electrical stimulation was superimposed on maximal isometric contractions of the quadriceps (100 Hz, 450 μs). There were no statistically significant changes in either RFD or maximal isometric force for either group (p > 0.05). However, the training group experienced significant reductions (p < 0.05) in both reaction time (-9.2%) and the execution time (-5.9%). The findings indicate that supplemental NMES training can improve sport-specific movements, such as the RHK, without any changes in maximal force capabilities in skilled martial arts athletes.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3370-3381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9586532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensor number in simplified insole layouts and the validity of ground reaction forces during locomotion. 简化鞋垫布局中传感器数量与运动时地面反作用力的有效性。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2057354

Philip X Fuchs, Chang-Hsin Hsieh, Wei-Han Chen, Yen-Shan Tang, Nicholas J Fiolo, Tzyy-Yuang Shiang

{"title":"Sensor number in simplified insole layouts and the validity of ground reaction forces during locomotion.","authors":"Philip X Fuchs, Chang-Hsin Hsieh, Wei-Han Chen, Yen-Shan Tang, Nicholas J Fiolo, Tzyy-Yuang Shiang","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2057354","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2057354","url":null,"abstract":"Research attempted to validate simplified insoles with a reduced number of sensors to facilitate clinical application. However, the ideal sensor number is yet to be determined. The purpose was to investigate the validity of vertical ground reaction forces in various simplified pressure sensor insoles and to identify an optimal compromise between sensor number and measurement performance. A Kistler force plate (1000 Hz) and 99-sensor Pedar-X insole (100 Hz) obtained force data of 15 participants during walking and jogging. Eight simplified insole layouts (3-17 sensors) were simulated. Layout performances were expressed as Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) with force plate as reference and coefficient of variation. Differences were assessed via repeated-measures ANOVA as partial eta square (<math><msubsup><mrow><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow></mrow><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>) at p < .05. All layouts correlated with the force plate (r = .70-.99, p < .01). All layout performances were higher in jogging than in walking by r = +.07 ± .04 (<math><msubsup><mrow><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow></mrow><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>=.28-.66, p < .05). The three- and five-sensor layouts yielded the lowest correlation (r = .70-.88) and the highest coefficient of variation (11-22%). Layout performances improved constantly from 7 to 11 sensors. The optimal compromise between simplification and measurement performance, quantified via change in correlation per sensor number, was found in the 11-sensor layout, recommendable for practical settings to improve monitoring and adjusting protocols.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"2771-2784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41396080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance criteria for para-athletes in fencing. 击剑辅助运动员的成绩标准。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2294724

Thibault Marsan, Yann Landon, Pablo Navarro, Bruno Watier

{"title":"Performance criteria for para-athletes in fencing.","authors":"Thibault Marsan, Yann Landon, Pablo Navarro, Bruno Watier","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2294724","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2294724","url":null,"abstract":"Wheelchair fencing is an opposition sport on a specific wheelchair, with a fixed distance between the two athletes. As for other Paralympic sports, different categories exist for the different pathologies of the athletes. Searching for biomechanical performance criteria is of primary interest for coaches, recruiters and trainers. Such performance criteria have been highlighted for able-bodied fencers but not for para-fencers. Through transposition, the corresponding parameters for para-fencers would be the weapon speed and the ability to move the trunk forward and backward on their wheelchair. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine performance criteria for para-fencers. Eleven French para-fencers performed fencing activities with a motion capture system while facing each other, with their own equipment. Different activities were realised to quantify the allonge, the weapon speed, and the torso motion. Only the correlation between the range of motion of the torso and the mass of the athletes wielding an épée was significant (<math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.02</mn></math>). The comparison between the different categories showed significant differences for the torso motion, which was not found for the weapon speed. Future studies, with a larger cohort, might help validate, or not, tendencies found in this study.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3141-3150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Steadiness of technical variables as a determinant factor of performance in a virtual simulated regatta. 技术变量的稳定性是虚拟模拟帆船赛成绩的决定因素。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2368700

Oriol Abellán-Aynés, Francisco Segado, Ruperto Menayo, Aarón Manzanares

引用次数: 0

The effect of warm-up on peak impact force of the rear hand strike in full-contact combat sports. 热身对全接触格斗运动后手打击峰值冲击力的影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2088400

Vít Třebický, Jan Rudolf, Radim Pavelka

{"title":"The effect of warm-up on peak impact force of the rear hand strike in full-contact combat sports.","authors":"Vít Třebický, Jan Rudolf, Radim Pavelka","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2088400","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2088400","url":null,"abstract":"Warming up is a generally accepted practice that leads to improved performance and reduces the risk of injury in a wide range of sports. However, the evidence about the influence of warm-up in combat sports is limited and, specifically, little is known about the impact which delays between a warm-up and the start of a match may have on fighters' performance. This study investigates the influence of warm-up and cool-down on one of significant performance predictors in full-contact combat sports, the peak force of a rear hand strike, in a sample of 31 athletes.Peak impact force was measured before, after, and at two time points after a standardized warm-up routine; skin temperature and heart rate were also monitored. Warm-up and cool-down periods were substantial predictors of body temperature and heart rate, but we observed no effect of the warm-up routine on strike impact force. Strike impact force remained unaffected even after the cool-down intervals.Strike impact force does not seem to respond to physiological changes elicited by a warm-up. This measure is partly related only to fighters' physical characteristics, namely the body weight. Athletes and trainers could thus concentrate on other aspects of successful performance during warm-up routines.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"3693-3709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46045772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0