Sports Biomechanics最新文献_第8页

Comparison of swimming velocity between age-group swimmers through discrete variables and continuous variables by Statistical Parametric Mapping. 用统计参数映射的离散变量和连续变量比较不同年龄组游泳者的游泳速度。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2241845

Jorge E Morais, Tiago M Barbosa, Tiago Lopes, Shin-Ichiro Moriyama, Daniel A Marinho

{"title":"Comparison of swimming velocity between age-group swimmers through discrete variables and continuous variables by Statistical Parametric Mapping.","authors":"Jorge E Morais, Tiago M Barbosa, Tiago Lopes, Shin-Ichiro Moriyama, Daniel A Marinho","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2241845","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2241845","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the swimming velocity in front-crawl between age-group swimmers using discrete variables against Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). The sample consisted of 30 young male swimmers divided into three groups (each with 10 swimmers) based on their age (group #1: 13.60 ± 0.84 years; group #2: 15.40 ± 0.32 years; group 3: 16.39 ± 0.69 years). Swimmers performed three maximal trials in front-crawl. The best performance was used for analysis. Comparison of swimming velocity between groups was analysed using discrete variables and as a continuous variable (SPM). As a discrete variable, the mean swimming velocity showed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, when analysed by SPM, swimming velocity showed a significant difference (p = 0.021) between the ~ 44% and ~ 51% of the stroke cycle (transition of the propulsion phases between sides). Post-hoc comparison revealed a significant difference between group #1 and group #3 only in SPM analysis. Researchers, coaches, and practitioners should know that both measurement approaches can be used simultaneously. However, SPM offers more sensitive and accurate results about the swimmers' stroke cycle.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3394-3405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9908800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ecological-dynamical approach to golf science: implications for swing biomechanics, club design and customisation, and coaching practice. 高尔夫科学的生态动力学方法:对挥杆生物力学、球杆设计和定制以及教练实践的影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2067075

Paul S Glazier

引用次数: 0

Unimodal and bimodal curves of ground reaction force-time profiles identify the drop jump performance. 地面反作用力-时间曲线的单模态和双模态曲线确定了落体跳的成绩。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2298972

Hsien-Te Peng, Chien-Ting Lai, Hung-Li Lin, Li-I Wang

{"title":"Unimodal and bimodal curves of ground reaction force-time profiles identify the drop jump performance.","authors":"Hsien-Te Peng, Chien-Ting Lai, Hung-Li Lin, Li-I Wang","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298972","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298972","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the kinematics and kinetics differences in ground reaction force (GRF)-time profiles with uni- and bimodal curves (UNC and BIC) during the concentric phase of the drop jump (DJ). Twenty two male Physical Education college student who met UNC (N = 11) or BIC (N = 11) of the GRF-time profile of were recruited. Two force plates and eight infrared optical cameras were synchronised to collect the GRF and motion data during DJ from a 30-cm height. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality of data. The Wilcoxon test was used when data were not normally distributed. Otherwise, Independent t-tests were used to compare differences between the UNC and BIC groups for each dependent variable. The UNC group demonstrated shorter ground contact time, lower jump height, greater leg stiffness, greater peak power during the eccentric phase, less work during the eccentric and concentric phases, and greater hip and knee joint flexion and extension angle displacements (p < 0.05). No significant intergroup differences were found in reactive strength index (p > 0.05). The UNC and BIC of the GRF-time profiles can indicate whether athletes can practice DJ appropriately. UNC can be representative of a better DJ performance with an efficient stretch-shortening cycle function.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3151-3160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139106831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What makes a successful relay start in swimming? 怎样才能成功开始游泳接力？

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2303787

Santiago Veiga, Claudia Braun, Xiao Qiu, Jelena Stosic, Stefan Fuhrmann, Armin Kibele, Sebastian Fischer

{"title":"What makes a successful relay start in swimming?","authors":"Santiago Veiga, Claudia Braun, Xiao Qiu, Jelena Stosic, Stefan Fuhrmann, Armin Kibele, Sebastian Fischer","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2303787","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2303787","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the mechanical advantage of preparatory movements on the starting block, current evidence questions the start improvements of competitive swimmers with their relay techniques. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyse the kinetic and kinematic parameters of a successful relay start. Twenty national- and international-level swimmers performed several relay starts (n = 145) with their preferred technique (short or long-step start) over an instrumented OBS11 starting platform. Trials were classified as successful or non-successful depending on the 10-m times being faster or slower than their individual start. Linear Mixed Models outlined that successful relay starts were characterised (all p < 0.05) by a later (0.04 s) onset of the leg step, a lower (18%) horizontal force during the leg step, and a later (0.03 s) positioning of the hands at the lowest point of the upper-limb backswing. In addition, greater values for the maximal horizontal (12%) and vertical (9%) forces and faster horizontal (4%) and resultant (3%) velocities were detected when driving off the block. These characteristics were also dependent on the relay technique. Unlike individual track starts, swimmers with fast relay starts employed longer preparatory movements on the block to maximise the time of force application and thus the impulse.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3442-3453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139425878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can gluteal muscle activation discriminate functional performance in moderately trained women? - A cross-sectional study. 臀肌激活能区分中等训练女性的功能表现吗？-横断面研究。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2228281

Marcos S A Souza, Victória M A Valadao, Ana I Teruyu, Luciane F R M Fernandes, Valdeci C Dionisio, Andrea L P Gasparini, Daniel F M Lobato

{"title":"Can gluteal muscle activation discriminate functional performance in moderately trained women? - A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Marcos S A Souza, Victória M A Valadao, Ana I Teruyu, Luciane F R M Fernandes, Valdeci C Dionisio, Andrea L P Gasparini, Daniel F M Lobato","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2228281","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2228281","url":null,"abstract":"This study verified whether the level of gluteal activation during a controlled maximum voluntary contraction may discriminate functional performance in women. Forty-five moderately trained women were assigned to two groups based on the level of gluteal muscle activation on maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) tests in the dominant limb: higher gluteal activation (HG-n = 22) and lower gluteal activation (LG-n = 22), considering different situations: a) level of activation of the gluteus medius muscle (GMed), b) level of activation of the gluteus maximus muscle (GMax), and c) level of combined activation of the GMed and GMax muscles. The cut-off values for the allocation of participants to groups in each situation were established as a function of the median values of each data set. Functional performance was assessed using the shuttle run, triple hop test, and six-metre timed hop test (STHT). The level of significance was set at 5%. Cohen's d index was included to estimate the magnitude of existing differences. The HG showed significantly shorter times than the LG on STHT performance (p-values ranging from 0.03-0.04), with a moderate effect (Cohen's d = 0.60-0.68) in all situations. The level of gluteal activation could discriminate STHT performance in women.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3602-3614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10049008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do braking and amortisation forces in countermovement jumps contribute to jump height? 反向跳跃中的制动和平摊力对跳跃高度有影响吗？

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2232340

Daichi Nishiumi, Norikazu Hirose

{"title":"Do braking and amortisation forces in countermovement jumps contribute to jump height?","authors":"Daichi Nishiumi, Norikazu Hirose","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2232340","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2232340","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the braking and amortisation forces during a countermovement jump (CMJ) increases the early-half concentric mean force (EMF) which can enhance muscle contraction velocity in the latter half of the concentric phase. This may negatively affect exertion force, owing to the force-velocity relationship and not increase the jump height. This study aimed to investigate the associations of the braking and amortisation forces during the CMJ with the latter-half concentric mean force (LMF). Twenty-seven men (age: 20 ± 1 years, body mass: 76.2 ± 8.3 kg, height: 173.5 ± 4.7 cm) with training experience who performed body mass CMJs and five loaded CMJs were included. We calculated the braking rate of force development (B-RFD), amortisation force (AmF), EMF, and LMF, as well as the theoretical maximum force (F0) and velocity (V0) of the force-velocity profile. Correlation analyses per variable identified significant negative correlations of B-RFD and AmF with the LMF, but not of B-RFD and AmF with the jump height. Additionally, V0 was significantly correlated with the LMF. Therefore, increasing the initial concentric force by increasing the braking and amortisation forces may not contribute to jump height owing to a decrease in the latter-half concentric force due to the force-velocity relationship.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3121-3130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10143808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between the dry-land strength & power and the kick start kinetics in elite male and female swimmers. 精英男子和女子游泳运动员的旱地力量和功率与踢腿起步动力学之间的联系。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2158921

Catarina C Santos, Tiago M Barbosa, Daniel A Marinho, Mário J Costa

{"title":"Association between the dry-land strength & power and the kick start kinetics in elite male and female swimmers.","authors":"Catarina C Santos, Tiago M Barbosa, Daniel A Marinho, Mário J Costa","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2158921","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2158921","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to determine the association between dry-land exercises and the start kinetics in elite swimmers. Fourteen swimmers (eight males and six females) included in a national team took part in this study. A fixed smith-machine was used to measure the maximal full squat strength (Smax). The height of squat (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jumps were collected with a contact mat. The ground reaction force of the kick starts in the three-dimensional axis (Fz horizontal; Fy, vertical; Fx, lateral) was obtained by an instrumented force plate in the starting block. Overall, the Smax showed a high and significant association with Fz (r = 0.60) and Fy (r = 0.87). Moderate and significant associations were found between Fy and SJ (r = 0.51) and CMJ (r = 0.57). While Smax in males showed high association with Fy (r = 0.77), the Smax for females showed greater association with Fz (r = 0.84). As conclusion, the full back squat seems to be the dry-land exercise with higher association with the kick start kinetics. While in males the full squat defines better the vertical component, for females it defines the horizontal one.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3202-3212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10454325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensor number in simplified insole layouts and the validity of ground reaction forces during locomotion. 简化鞋垫布局中传感器数量与运动时地面反作用力的有效性。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2057354

Philip X Fuchs, Chang-Hsin Hsieh, Wei-Han Chen, Yen-Shan Tang, Nicholas J Fiolo, Tzyy-Yuang Shiang

{"title":"Sensor number in simplified insole layouts and the validity of ground reaction forces during locomotion.","authors":"Philip X Fuchs, Chang-Hsin Hsieh, Wei-Han Chen, Yen-Shan Tang, Nicholas J Fiolo, Tzyy-Yuang Shiang","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2057354","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2022.2057354","url":null,"abstract":"Research attempted to validate simplified insoles with a reduced number of sensors to facilitate clinical application. However, the ideal sensor number is yet to be determined. The purpose was to investigate the validity of vertical ground reaction forces in various simplified pressure sensor insoles and to identify an optimal compromise between sensor number and measurement performance. A Kistler force plate (1000 Hz) and 99-sensor Pedar-X insole (100 Hz) obtained force data of 15 participants during walking and jogging. Eight simplified insole layouts (3-17 sensors) were simulated. Layout performances were expressed as Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) with force plate as reference and coefficient of variation. Differences were assessed via repeated-measures ANOVA as partial eta square (<math><msubsup><mrow><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow></mrow><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>) at p < .05. All layouts correlated with the force plate (r = .70-.99, p < .01). All layout performances were higher in jogging than in walking by r = +.07 ± .04 (<math><msubsup><mrow><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow></mrow><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>=.28-.66, p < .05). The three- and five-sensor layouts yielded the lowest correlation (r = .70-.88) and the highest coefficient of variation (11-22%). Layout performances improved constantly from 7 to 11 sensors. The optimal compromise between simplification and measurement performance, quantified via change in correlation per sensor number, was found in the 11-sensor layout, recommendable for practical settings to improve monitoring and adjusting protocols.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"2771-2784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41396080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance criteria for para-athletes in fencing. 击剑辅助运动员的成绩标准。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2294724

Thibault Marsan, Yann Landon, Pablo Navarro, Bruno Watier

{"title":"Performance criteria for para-athletes in fencing.","authors":"Thibault Marsan, Yann Landon, Pablo Navarro, Bruno Watier","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2294724","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2294724","url":null,"abstract":"Wheelchair fencing is an opposition sport on a specific wheelchair, with a fixed distance between the two athletes. As for other Paralympic sports, different categories exist for the different pathologies of the athletes. Searching for biomechanical performance criteria is of primary interest for coaches, recruiters and trainers. Such performance criteria have been highlighted for able-bodied fencers but not for para-fencers. Through transposition, the corresponding parameters for para-fencers would be the weapon speed and the ability to move the trunk forward and backward on their wheelchair. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine performance criteria for para-fencers. Eleven French para-fencers performed fencing activities with a motion capture system while facing each other, with their own equipment. Different activities were realised to quantify the allonge, the weapon speed, and the torso motion. Only the correlation between the range of motion of the torso and the mass of the athletes wielding an épée was significant (<math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.02</mn></math>). The comparison between the different categories showed significant differences for the torso motion, which was not found for the weapon speed. Future studies, with a larger cohort, might help validate, or not, tendencies found in this study.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"3141-3150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Steadiness of technical variables as a determinant factor of performance in a virtual simulated regatta. 技术变量的稳定性是虚拟模拟帆船赛成绩的决定因素。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2368700

Oriol Abellán-Aynés, Francisco Segado, Ruperto Menayo, Aarón Manzanares

引用次数: 0