Sports Biomechanics最新文献

Relationship between maximal jumping height in pole vault and the approach-run velocity evaluated by digitising method or laser method.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2486095

F Kobayashi, A Noro, S Hatakeyama, Y Shinohara, M Otsuka

{"title":"Relationship between maximal jumping height in pole vault and the approach-run velocity evaluated by digitising method or laser method.","authors":"F Kobayashi, A Noro, S Hatakeyama, Y Shinohara, M Otsuka","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2486095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2486095","url":null,"abstract":"The first objective was to validate various approach-run velocities obtained using body-only method (digitising only the athlete's body) or laser method (using a laser displacement metre) against the whole-system method (digitising both the athlete's body and pole) during pole vaulting. The second objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between the approach-run velocity obtained by different three methods and the maximal height of the athlete's centre of mass (COM) during the clearance. Eighteen male athletes performed 96 pole-vaulting attempts in outdoor competitions. Bland-Altman plots indicated that only the peak approach-run velocity obtained by the body-only method had negligible bias, while other parameters obtained by body-only digitising and laser methods contained several errors. Since such bias could cause problems, using conventional digitising and laser methods requires careful handling. The association between maximal COM height during the clearance and peak approach-run velocity was extremely large for all three methods. In contrast, although the relationship between the maximal COM height and the decrease in approach-run velocity was large for both digitising methods, it was weakened for laser method. Consequently, based on the approach-run velocity parameters, different calculation methods for approach-run velocity parameters resulted in varying relationships with jumping performance.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of head kinematics experienced during common skill progression pathways in Women's Artistic Gymnastics.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2481154

N Stewart Pritchard, Kambrie M Brandt, Alexandra G Peluso, David W Kruse, Elspeth Hart, Heather P Carr, Garrett S Bullock, Christopher M Miles, Justin B Moore, Joel D Stitzel, Jillian E Urban

{"title":"Evaluation of head kinematics experienced during common skill progression pathways in Women's Artistic Gymnastics.","authors":"N Stewart Pritchard, Kambrie M Brandt, Alexandra G Peluso, David W Kruse, Elspeth Hart, Heather P Carr, Garrett S Bullock, Christopher M Miles, Justin B Moore, Joel D Stitzel, Jillian E Urban","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2481154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2481154","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate head kinematics experienced during skill progression pathways in Women's Artistic Gymnastics to inform post-concussion return to gymnastics protocols. A return to gymnastics framework, consisting of seven skill progression pathways, was developed. Twelve gymnasts were instrumented with mouthpiece sensors and performed two trials of each skill, if able. Sensors recorded data at 100 Hz and skill segments were extracted using time-synchronised video. Peak resultant linear (PLA) and rotational acceleration (PRA), rotational velocity change index (ΔRV) and peak resultant rotational velocity (PRV) of 1 Hz low pass filtered data were computed from skills. A mixed effects model evaluated differences in kinematic metrics across skills within pathways while adjusting for random effects of the participant. Stepwise increases in kinematic metrics occurred along backward and forward tumbling (floor) pathways but did not occur in other pathways. For instance, gymnasts experienced greater PLA and PRV during clear hip and back hip circle compared to giant. Moreover, skills performed early along respective pathways (e.g, Yurchenko timer (to back), Tsukahara timer (to back), handstand forward roll) were among the skills with the greatest PRA and ΔRV. Head kinematics associated with skill performance should be considered when developing return to gymnastics protocols.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of sex, skill level and a defender on cutting kinematics in soccer players.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2481496

Karen Chen, Harry Brown, Sophie Guilmette, Moreno Morelli, Anouk Lamontagne, Shawn M Robbins

{"title":"The effect of sex, skill level and a defender on cutting kinematics in soccer players.","authors":"Karen Chen, Harry Brown, Sophie Guilmette, Moreno Morelli, Anouk Lamontagne, Shawn M Robbins","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2481496","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2481496","url":null,"abstract":"Cutting patterns may be influenced by task complexity and player attributes, ultimately affecting injury risks. This study examines the impact of skill level, sex, and defender conditions on joint kinematics during unanticipated cutting in soccer players. Kinematic data were captured using a three-dimensional motion capture system for 14 competitive and 14 recreational players performing unanticipated sidesteps (45 ± 10 degrees) under three conditions: no obstacle (NO), static-defender obstacle (SO) and dynamic-defender obstacle (DO). Principal component (PC) analysis and hierarchical linear models examined joint kinematics against sex, skill and defender conditions. For the first component of PC, skill effects revealed greater ankle dorsiflexion angles throughout cutting in competitive players (p = 0.01) than recreational players. DO trials showed lower hip flexion (p = 0.001) and ankle dorsiflexion angles (p = 0.01) than NO. SO trials showed greater hip adduction (p < 0.001) and knee abduction angles (p = 0.04), but lower ankle dorsiflexion angles (p < 0.001) than NO. For PC2, SO trials showed greater hip flexion excursions (p = 0.005) than NO. No sex effects were found. Clearance (participant's distance to the defender) was examined using a three-way analysis of covariance. Greater distances were found in DO by 0.59 m than SO. Differences in cutting patterns highlight potential adaptations to varying defender pressures, providing insights for coaching and prevention programmes.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wearable-based estimation of continuous 3D knee moments during running using a convolutional neural network.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2481164

Lucas Höschler, Christina Halmich, Christoph Schranz, Julian Fritz, Saša Čigoja, Martin Ullrich, Anne D Koelewijn, Hermann Schwameder

{"title":"Wearable-based estimation of continuous 3D knee moments during running using a convolutional neural network.","authors":"Lucas Höschler, Christina Halmich, Christoph Schranz, Julian Fritz, Saša Čigoja, Martin Ullrich, Anne D Koelewijn, Hermann Schwameder","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2481164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2481164","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning method to estimate continuous 3D knee moments during running from wearable sensor data. Reference knee moments were calculated from 19 recreational runners during treadmill running at varying slopes (0 ± 5 % incline), speeds (self-selected ± 1 km/h) and in 3 types of footwear. A convolutional neural network was trained on data from 7 inertial measuring units (feet, shanks, thighs, sacrum) and a pair of pressure insoles. We assessed performance over continuous time windows (CONT) and during stance phases (PHSS) by intraclass-correlation (ICC), normalised root mean squared error (nRMSE), and statistical parametric mapping. The agreement levels in the sagittal plane were good to excellent (ICC: 0.84-0.98), with low errors (nRMSE: 0.05-0.11). However, accuracy was lower for non-sagittal estimations (frontal ICC: 0.19-0.90, nRMSE: 0.08-0.23; transverse ICC: 0.72-0.94, nRMSE: 0.07-0.17). Accuracy decreased across all planes during PHSS. The proposed approach yields similar or better accuracy compared to previous work while requiring less preprocessing. It provides a viable method for wearable-based assessment of running kinetics in near real-time. Additional data and methods to address inter-individual variability could improve its precision in assessing frontal plane injury risk factors.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Running stiffness and spatiotemporal parameters are similar between non-runners and runners with different experience levels.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2480094

Rodrigo Rabello, Gauri A Desai, Chiarella Sforza, Allison H Gruber

{"title":"Running stiffness and spatiotemporal parameters are similar between non-runners and runners with different experience levels.","authors":"Rodrigo Rabello, Gauri A Desai, Chiarella Sforza, Allison H Gruber","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2480094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2480094","url":null,"abstract":"Spatiotemporal parameters and leg and joint stiffness are variables that represent the fundamental dynamics of running. Therefore, these variables may effectively differentiate between less-experienced and more-experienced runners' gait, possibly addressing differing injury rates between populations. We compared stiffness and spatiotemporal parameters between runners with different experience levels, including a group with no previous running experience. Healthy physically active participants (22.1 ± 3.6y) were divided into three groups, according to experience: experienced (running >1-year, 14-48 km/week; n = 23, 9F), novice (running <1-year, 5-21 km/week; n = 15, 4F) and non-runners (no running for the past 5 years; n = 17, 7F). Three-dimensional motion capture and force plates measured gait mechanics during overground running at 3.35 m·s-1. Knee, ankle and three-dimensional leg stiffness, contact time, flight time and step length were compared between groups using independent-measures ANCOVA (covariate = sex). No biomechanical variable was significantly different between the groups (leg: p = 0.652, Hedges' g = 0.09-0.17; ankle: p = 0.439, g = 0.07-0.19; knee: p = 0.153, g = 0.13-0.29; contact time: p = 0.592, g = 0.06-0.24; flight time: p = 0.513, g = 0.03-0.40; step length: p = 0.107, g = 0.26-0.61). Stiffness and spatiotemporal parameters were not different between runners with greater than 1-year of experience when compared to runners with less than 1-year experience and non-runners. Therefore, running gait may not differentially affect injury rates between experience levels.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association of agonist muscle fascicle length and antagonist muscle flexibility on power output during human knee extension tasks.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2474516

Koki Sasabe, Daichi Nishiumi, Daisuke Takeuchi, Kotaro Kamada, Norikazu Hirose

{"title":"The association of agonist muscle fascicle length and antagonist muscle flexibility on power output during human knee extension tasks.","authors":"Koki Sasabe, Daichi Nishiumi, Daisuke Takeuchi, Kotaro Kamada, Norikazu Hirose","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2474516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2474516","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have reported that muscle power can be improved through stretching. However, the mechanisms underlying the power enhancement induced by stretching are not yet well understood. This study aimed to clarify the association of muscle fascicle length and antagonist muscle flexibility on muscle power output and velocity variables. Fascicle length and muscle thickness, pennation angle of vastus lateralis, knee flexor stiffness, and range of motion (ROM) were measured in American football players. Moreover, knee extension torque measurements were taken at five angular velocities (60 deg·s-1 - 300 deg·s-1), and theoretical maximum power (Pmax), maximum force (F0), and maximum angular velocity (V0) were calculated. Pearson's product-moment or Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated for each variable. ROM showed a significant moderate positive correlation with Pmax. This suggests that the flexibility of antagonist muscles may influence the power output of agonist muscles. However, although muscle thickness showed a moderate correlation with F0, V0 did not significantly correlate with any of the variables. This finding suggests that other factors, such as rapid recruitment of motor units and muscle fibre composition, may play a more substantial role in torque at very high angular velocities than muscle morphology and mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mean stability and between-session reliability of cycling biomechanics variables in elite pursuit cyclists.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2471805

Daniel Williams, Marcus Dunn, Paul Worsfold, Deborah Newton, Steve H Faulkner, Francesca d'Andrea, Jon Wheat

{"title":"Mean stability and between-session reliability of cycling biomechanics variables in elite pursuit cyclists.","authors":"Daniel Williams, Marcus Dunn, Paul Worsfold, Deborah Newton, Steve H Faulkner, Francesca d'Andrea, Jon Wheat","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2471805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2471805","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the number of crank revolutions required to obtain stable mean values of sagittal plane biomechanics variables, and the between-session reliability of these variables, whilst cyclists used an aerodynamic position. Eighteen elite cyclists completed a 3-min maximal bout on a cycling ergometer. Lower-limb kinematic and kinetic data were captured using 2D motion capture and force pedals. Raw data were filtered using a 4th order Butterworth low-pass filter (6 hz) and interpolated to 100 points per revolution. The middle 60 revolutions of each trial were extracted and 37 discrete and 15 time-series variables were calculated. Mean stability was assessed in all participants, and between-session reliability was analysed in a subset of 11 participants. Sequential averaging indicated more revolutions to stability than iterative intra-class correlation coefficients. Crank kinetics were more stable than joint kinematics and kinetics. For stable discrete and time-series variables, 30 and 38 revolutions are recommended, respectively. Between-day reliability for all variables was moderate to excellent, and good to excellent for crank kinetics and joint kinematics variables. Hip flexion-extension and ankle dorsiflexion kinetics were least reliable. Researchers and applied practitioners should consider these findings when planning, and interpreting results from, cycling biomechanics interventions.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bow stability and postural sway during aiming and shooting in elite compound archery.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2446172

Kitae Kim, Jinkyung Cho, Hokyung Choi, Junkyung Song

{"title":"Bow stability and postural sway during aiming and shooting in elite compound archery.","authors":"Kitae Kim, Jinkyung Cho, Hokyung Choi, Junkyung Song","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2446172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2446172","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the effects of postural sway and bow movements on shooting accuracy in elite compound archery, differentiating pre- and post-arrow release phases. International-level compound archers executed 72 shots each in a competition-like environment. During both the aiming and shooting phases, bow displacement and tremor index were measured with a motion capture system, while postural sway indices, such as centre of pressure (COP) displacement and speed, were derived using a force platform. Two-dimensional arrow impact coordinates on the target were transformed into an accuracy index, calculated as the Euclidean distance from the target centre. In the aiming phase, smaller bow displacement and tremor, along with reduced COP displacement and speed, were associated with higher accuracy. This suggests that stable posture and bow orientation during aiming enhance shooting outcomes in compound archery. In the shooting phase after the release, bow and postural sway exhibited no differences depending on the shooting accuracy but correlated with the spatial distribution of arrow impacts. This result, combined with the reduced bow tremor in high-accuracy shots, suggests that strategies involving moderate, smooth, and consistent movement after release are more crucial for enhancing shooting accuracy in compound archery rather than simply minimising or restricting motion.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating sagittal knee and ankle moment during running using only inertial measurement units: a top-down inverse dynamics approach.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2465793

Robbert P van Middelaar, Nicolle T van Rijswijk, Frank J Wouda, Peter H Veltink, Jasper Reenalda

{"title":"Estimating sagittal knee and ankle moment during running using only inertial measurement units: a top-down inverse dynamics approach.","authors":"Robbert P van Middelaar, Nicolle T van Rijswijk, Frank J Wouda, Peter H Veltink, Jasper Reenalda","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2465793","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2465793","url":null,"abstract":"The net joint moment is a commonly investigated kinetic quantity in running but currently requires force plates and optical motion capture. This study proposes a physics-based top-down inverse dynamics method to estimate net sagittal knee and ankle moment across three speeds using only inertial measurement units (IMUs). This method does not require musculoskeletal modelling, machine learning, pressure insoles, or centre of pressure. The top-down method was validated against a 2D IMU-driven/3D marker-driven OpenSim model and an IMU-based bottom-up inverse dynamics approach. Strong correlations were found for the top-down net sagittal knee (0.87-0.96) and ankle moment (0.83-0.90) during stance. Maximum knee extension moment showed similar values during stance compared to IMU-based references, while maximum ankle plantar flexion moment was significantly higher. The marker-driven OpenSim model showed overall significantly lower values. This study highlights the potential of top-down inverse dynamics in calculating net sagittal knee moment during running using only IMUs, while the sagittal ankle moment was less accurate and needs a different approach. This method could potentially be used for running (i.e. providing feedback) during training sessions. However, a deeper understanding of upper body kinematics and kinetics is needed, as the top-down method is highly dependent on upper body movement.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of shoulder joint and muscle characteristics side-asymmetry in professional padel players.

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2025.2468320

Heinrich Leon Souza Viera, Tiago Dutra Leite-Nunes, Lucas Gidiel-Machado, Lorenzo Iop Laporta, Luiz Fernando Freire Royes, Michele Forgiarini Saccol, Fábio Juner Lanferdini

{"title":"Assessment of shoulder joint and muscle characteristics side-asymmetry in professional padel players.","authors":"Heinrich Leon Souza Viera, Tiago Dutra Leite-Nunes, Lucas Gidiel-Machado, Lorenzo Iop Laporta, Luiz Fernando Freire Royes, Michele Forgiarini Saccol, Fábio Juner Lanferdini","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2468320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2468320","url":null,"abstract":"Padel is a worldwide racket sport that is growing each year. The unilateral upper limb repetitive movements of this sport may lead to shoulder structural and functional adaptations, which may alter muscle mechanics, however evidence is limited. We aimed to investigate if there is morphological, mechanical and functional shoulder symmetry between upper limbs of professional padel players. Fourthteen (7♂ and 7♀) professional Brazilian padel players were evaluated at supraspinatus muscle thickness (MT), stiffness, shoulder rotation range of motion (ROM), shoulder internal and external rotation peak torques and their ratios (ER/IR) and fatigue index torque. Subsequently, were compared all variables between dominant and non-dominant sides (α = 0.05). Total work, IR and ER absolute and normalised torque were higher in the dominant limb (p < 0.05). Moreover, 78% and 64% of the athletes presented reduced ER/IR peak torque ratio values in the dominant and non-dominant upper limb, respectively. No differences in supraspinatus MT, stiffness and shoulder ROM were found. Our study found that Brazilian professional padel players have asymmetrical shoulder ER/IR peak torques ratio. Therefore, it's recommended for padel players to strengthen the ER of the dominant shoulder and both IR and ER of the non-dominant shoulder to address side-asymmetry and reduced ER peak torques.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0