Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice最新文献

{"title":"In-person, hybrid or remote? Employers’ perspectives on the future of work post-pandemic","authors":"Divyakant Tahlyan ,&nbsp;Hani Mahmassani ,&nbsp;Amanda Stathopoulos ,&nbsp;Maher Said ,&nbsp;Susan Shaheen ,&nbsp;Joan Walker ,&nbsp;Breton Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an employer-side perspective on remote work through the pandemic using data from top executives of 129 employers in North America. Our analysis suggests that at least some of the pandemic-accelerated changes to the work location landscape will likely stick; with some form of hybrid work being the norm. However, the patterns will vary by department (HR/legal/sales/IT, etc.) and by sector of operations. Top three concerns among employers include: supervision and mentoring, reduction in innovation, and creativity; and the top three benefits include their ability to retain / recruit talent, positive impact on public image and their ability to compete. An Ordered Probit model of the expected April 2024 work location strategy revealed that those in transportation, warehousing, and manufacturing sectors, those with a fully in-person approach to work pre-COVID, and those with a negative outlook towards the impact of remote work are likely to be more in-person-centered, while those with fully remote work approach in April 2020 are likely to be less in-person-centered. Lastly, we present data on resumption of business travel, in-person client interactions and changes in office space reconfigurations that employers have made since the beginning of the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104273"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who is ready to live a car-independent lifestyle? A latent class cluster analysis of attitudes towards car ownership and usage","authors":"Jaime Soza-Parra ,&nbsp;Oded Cats","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An excessive use of private cars for transportation has multiple negative effects on our society. It is therefore paramount to identify the underlying factors driving car usage among different segments of travellers. In this study, we aim to identify and characterise traveller segments in terms of their car-related attitudes and how different sociodemographic attributes, travel behaviour characteristics (such as using cars as the primary mode of transportation), and the accessibility of their place of residence vary amongst different population segments. Through Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Latent Profile Analysis we identify five different classes, namely <em>car</em>-<em>detractors</em>, −<em>hesitants</em>, −<em>positives</em>, −<em>friends</em>, and −<em>lovers</em>. More favourable car attitudes are associated with higher car ownership and access but, interestingly, there are no significant differences in terms of travel frequency and trip length distribution. This suggests that attitudinal differences relate mostly to modal preference rather than to the underlying travel demand patterns and the associated activities. We also see that car-less individuals are more likely to be <em>car detractors</em>, suggesting that the experiencing barriers for owning a car may contribute to developing more negative attitudes towards cars. Our results shed light on the different influencing factors and characteristics of individuals that consider, or not, a car-centred mobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104271"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived accessibility and self-rated health: Examining subjective well-being in the suburbs of Scarborough, Canada","authors":"João Pedro Figueira Amorim Parga ,&nbsp;Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken ,&nbsp;Shaila Jamal ,&nbsp;Steven Farber ,&nbsp;Anton Yu ,&nbsp;Christopher Higgins","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing inadequate accessibility in suburban areas is crucial for reducing inequalities in transportation and improving suburbanites’ well-being. Afterall, insufficient accessibility to health is linked to worse health conditions. Moreover, urban sprawl, subpar transit, and automobile dependency prevail in suburbs, making them loci of inequalities in accessibility and, consequently, of potential worse health outcomes for residents. Due to their predictive capacity, subjective health indicators have been extensively researched. Knowledge on Self-Rated Health’s (SRH) link to accessibility in suburbs, however, is incomplete because the field seldom considers individuals’ perceptions. This article examines the association between accessibility and SRH in suburban areas. Using ordinal logistic regressions and data from a survey in Scarborough, Canada, we investigate if accessibility measures estimated from land-use and transportation network data (estimated measures), perceived accessibility, and perceptions of the built environment are associated with SRH. We explore these connections with different domains of SRH (mental, physical and overall). We find that living in areas with higher estimated accessibility measures is positively correlated with better SRH, whereas unsatisfactory perceived accessibility is negatively associated. Additionally, suburbanites who prioritize access to healthcare nearby have lower odds of having better health, meaning that residents who would like to see healthcare access improve are more likely to have worst SRH. Estimated measures are positively associated with self-rated mental health, while reporting difficulty in paying for transport is negatively associated with physical health. These findings stress how multiple components of accessibility – from estimated to perceived measures– can be associated with people’s well-being. Results illuminate the relevance of considering perceptions, often overlooked, in accessibility and health analysis. Finally, the results put into question if suburbanites’ heterogenous needs are recognized in urban design in a context of recent suburbanization of poverty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104261"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A strategic variable fee for business-to-consumer carriers: A case study in Barcelona","authors":"Maria Savall-Mañó ,&nbsp;Imma Ribas ,&nbsp;Miquel Estrada","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Directive 2022/362 of the European Parliament and the Council offers fundamental guidelines that enable public administrations to implement road user charges, thereby internalizing the environmental costs associated with road transport. This directive also grants Member States a degree of flexibility to pursue their distinct strategies, making the analysis of various measures and their impact interesting for both cities and other stakeholders. Thus, this paper proposes a variable charge per hour for each stop made in the loading and unloading (L/U) zones by vehicles involved in direct delivery of products from businesses to consumers (B2C). The aim is to mitigate congestion and pollution during peak hours while reducing the movement of freight vehicles within the inner city. This charge functions as an economic policy tool to redirect inefficient B2C distribution towards sustainable distribution models, precisely in line with cities’ objectives. The proposed variable charge is evaluated for the cities of London, Milan, Stockholm, and New York, and compared with their current (or planned) pricing schemes. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of the variable charge’s application in the case of Barcelona is conducted. This analysis encompasses considerations not only related to urban congestion, transport, and environmental costs (CO₂, NO_x, and PM_2.5 emissions), but also the financial implications for the stakeholders involved in this activity. The results of the charge implementation indicate that the measure presented in this paper can reduce transportation costs, alleviate congestion, and lower CO₂ emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104233"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856424002817/pdfft?md5=eab451802ca67df0c4cf83713b8ed1fc&pid=1-s2.0-S0965856424002817-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential self-selection and the relative importance of travel considerations in the residential choice of a car-reduced neighbourhood","authors":"Marcus Klein ,&nbsp;Thomas Klinger ,&nbsp;Martin Lanzendorf","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Car-reduced neighbourhoods are an urban planning tool to limit the increase in motorised traffic due to urban growth by making car ownership and use less attractive for the inhabitants. Since car-reduced living appeals more to some people than others, car-reduced neighbourhoods may be subject to residential self-selection (RSS). RSS indicates that individuals choose residential areas that support pre-existing travel attitudes and preferences, and, in consequence, that their travel behaviour is not solely the result of the built environment.</div><div>Many studies on RSS operationalise self-selection effects using travel-related attitudes. In contrast, we assume that travel considerations in residential location choice (TCRC) are more precise for this purpose. While attitude refers to a mental state towards a travel mode, e.g. a personal affection for cycling, TCRC describes an actual desire to live in an area with, for example, street layouts that facilitate cycling.</div><div>Drawing on a sample of 339 recently relocated inhabitants of a car-reduced neighbourhood in Darmstadt, Germany, we first identify the importance of TCRC in choosing this neighbourhood relative to other residential considerations. We find that TCRC have less influence compared to factors such as house size and price. However, a comparison of individuals with low and high car orientation reveals that the former prioritise car-reduced designs more when selecting a neighbourhood. Second, we find that new residents’ car use decreases after relocating, while carsharing use increases. Third, we find no significant difference between attitudes and TCRC when measuring RSS in our behaviour change models. In terms of policy implications, the further development of car-reduced neighbourhoods will (i) trigger an increase in the use of sustainable modes among new residents and (ii) make it easier for people who already rarely drive to maintain their car independence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104266"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856424003148/pdfft?md5=453a594095aee084723fd85bbaa96fc1&pid=1-s2.0-S0965856424003148-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the relationship between perceived accessibility, housing and transport equity of different types of residents: A structural equation modelling approach","authors":"Le Zhu ,&nbsp;Karen Lucas ,&nbsp;Martin Hess","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study uses structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse the relationship between perceived accessibility, housing and transport equity and their influencing factors in Nanjing, China. It aims to address the current shortfall in studies to compare differences in perceived (rather than objective) measures of accessibility using a transport equity lens. A comparison sample of 664 affordable housing residents and 828 commercial housing residents living in different locations across the city was collected through an online survey. The research shows that affordable housing residents are in a more disadvantaged position than commercial housing residents based on their perceived accessibility, housing and transport equity evaluation results are all worse than those of commercial housing residents. Therefore, two SEM models were constructed to understand the underlying factors driving these perceptions. The results show that both housing location and transport provision significantly affect perceived accessibility, housing and transport equity. Improving people’s transport affordability is the most effective way to improve perceived accessibility, and transport equity for both groups, however, improving the housing environment is more critical for affordable housing residents, while improving housing affordability is more important for commercial housing residents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104259"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A household-based online cooked meal delivery demand generation model","authors":"Liyuan Chen,&nbsp;Kaili Wang,&nbsp;Khandker Nurul Habib","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Online cooked meal deliveries (CMD) have become prevalent with the advancement of on-demand delivery services offered by vendors such as Uber Eats and DoorDash. Thus, the development of a CMD demand generation model holds significant importance for CMD vendors, consumers, and policymakers. The model serves as a strategic tool for CMD vendors to address consumer needs. At the same time, it also holds substantial relevance for policymakers seeking to understand CMD demand and formulate effective regulatory measures for CMD operations. This paper presents such a modelling framework. The model is developed under the behavioural principle of random utility maximization (RUM) and explicitly represents various socioeconomic characteristics in the CMD demand generation process. The model is estimated using a Greater Toronto Area, Canada dataset. The empirical model provides insights into the factors influencing week-long CMD usage. The model also offers assessments for households’ consumer surplus brought by CMD, which can inform public policies through well-fare analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104262"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856424003100/pdfft?md5=fe98c1038ffd972e97ab6b5cf1f62c18&pid=1-s2.0-S0965856424003100-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-disruption resilient hub location–allocation network design for less-than-truckload logistics","authors":"Ahmad Attar ,&nbsp;Chandra Ade Irawan ,&nbsp;Ali Akbar Akbari ,&nbsp;Shuya Zhong ,&nbsp;Martino Luis","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Less-than-truckload (LTL) logistics presents an interesting and often overlooked practice area of hub location–allocation problems, with its variable discount rates playing a game-changing role. Vulnerability of the roads is another critical factor that has often been neglected when designing hub networks. In this paper, a novel integrated model is designed to solve the LTL hub network design problem, incorporating a practical stepwise discount function. The proposed model is further extended to a reliability-oriented version that can resiliently withstand multiple, simultaneous road disruptions. We use the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) technique to encompass the likelihood of experiencing each failure mode, together with the monetary and service-level effects. Coupled with probability theory, it leads to the introduction of a novel closed form for serviceability under multiple concurrent failures. Having such a function enables us to deploy exact optimization methods. Given the natural complexity of the problem, we also present effective linearization approaches. Numerical benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of the novel reliability-oriented approach over the basic version, successfully realizing desired serviceability levels as high as 80%. It also benefits from avoiding unnecessary rerouting, making it even more attractive for policymakers to design efficiently resilient transportation networks, especially if low-range, zero-emission trucks are incorporated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104260"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856424003082/pdfft?md5=9844a975d876a75043aa7fb2c05187e7&pid=1-s2.0-S0965856424003082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mass evacuation modeling framework to account for vulnerabilities in staged evacuation","authors":"MD Jahedul Alam ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahsanul Habib","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study develops a framework for mass evacuation modeling that considers staged evacuation in response to an impending hurricane for testing and evaluation. The study follows two-stage modeling processes: (1) developing a fuzzy logic-based staged evacuation model that informs staged evacuation scenario building process, and (2) developing a traffic microsimulation model to test and evaluate staged evacuation scenarios. The staged evacuation model ascertains a vulnerability-based zonal prioritization while accounting for geophysical, social, and mobility challenges utilizing the vulnerability-index. Simulation results suggest that average travel time in staged evacuation decreases by 39.5% compared to evacuation without any countermeasure applied. The staged evacuation process demonstrates a decrease of 0.3–4.8 h in clearance time for most zones. The application of vulnerability-index for prioritization enables an efficient evacuation of high-risk areas. For example, Downtown-district is prioritized due to high vulnerability-index yielding a 2.8-hour decrease in clearance time for 50% of downtown-zones. The results will help emergency professionals understand the necessity of incorporating priority needs of vulnerable populations into staged evacuation implementation, testing, and evaluation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104245"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of planned behaviour, spatiotemporal variables and lifestyle on public transport use: An exploratory study","authors":"Patricia Hartieni ,&nbsp;Tri Basuki Joewono ,&nbsp;Dimas Dharmowijoyo","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous studies with discretionary activities as the context have shown that psychological constructs (volition, desire and past behaviour) are time- and space-invariant. However, discretionary activities are less routine than people’s daily travel patterns (e.g. travel mode usage), which may result in inconsistent results among studies. The present study thus aimed to investigate the effects of temporal, social and spatial variations on the psychological mechanisms underlying more routine activity patterns such as the usage of public transport. This study was expanded to incorporate lifestyle mechanisms to determine the effects of consumption patterns on public transport. In contrast with previous studies using less routine activity patterns, on a routine basis, people’s motivation, volition and past behaviour tended to be <em>time- and space-invariant</em>. Indeed, the perceived ability to engage in activities was not completely predictive of behaviour; however, some spatiotemporal variables, such as mandatory and leisure activity patterns, could predict those with linear patterns of past behaviour, behaviour volition and actual behaviour. Built-environment variables (e.g. residing in areas with higher population density and being near the city centre) tend to shape public transport usage. However, shaping the built environment and having the commitment and intention to use public transport <em>is not</em> likely enough to shift people to use public transport. Making people loyal to public transport and focusing on those who have less commitment to perform mandatory and in-home discretionary activities are two variables that tend to shape high public transport usage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104255"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}