American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Do Treatment Ingredients Targeting Working Alliance Improve Cognitive Rehabilitation Session Performance in Patients With Acquired Brain Injury?","authors":"Aaron Rothbart, McKay Moore Sohlberg, Samantha Shune, John Seeley, Elliot Berkman, Jim Wright","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00347","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to experimentally evaluate the potential impact of clinician-driven therapy ingredients hypothesized to enhance working alliance (WA) and promote patient engagement during cognitive rehabilitation sessions. It was hypothesized that when the clinician introduced evidence-backed alliance enhancing ingredients, there would be a corresponding improvement in participants' (a) performance on attention drills paired with a metacognitive strategy, (b) learning the steps to use a phone application, and (c) adherence to a home exercise program. It was also hypothesized that patients would show perceptual shifts toward stronger alliance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Four adult participants who sustained moderate to severe acquired brain injuries with chronic cognitive deficits participated in the study. The study used a concurrent multiple-baseline design with randomization. Both visual and quantitative analyses were used to compare potential differences in performance on cognitive rehabilitation tasks when specific alliance enhancing behaviors were integrated into sessions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings showed a strong effect for increased performance on attention span tasks when the clinician added the alliance enhancing treatment ingredients. Participants also learned more steps in the phone application task and either maintained or improved homework adherence in the experimental phase when the treatment ingredients were applied. The findings provided mixed results on participant perceptions of WA, as measured by a modified version of the Working Alliance Inventory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides some of the first experimental data demonstrating that alliance enhancing treatment ingredients can have a significant influence on patient performance during cognitive rehabilitation sessions. The article offers recommendations for building on this important line of study.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28727006.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"34 3","pages":"1023-1040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latine Caregivers' Perspectives of Autism-Related Services: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Molly Hoferle, Elizabeth Roepke","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00128","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Minoritized cultural groups in the United States experience disparities in diagnostic and intervention services for autistic children. Listening to the experiences of minoritized caregivers when accessing these services can identify areas for structural and individual improvement in cultural responsiveness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a scoping review to map the experiences of Latine caregivers of autistic children in navigating autism-related services. Included studies were published between 2015 and 2024 and employed a qualitative design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six studies were included in the review. The caregivers interviewed in these studies were primarily mothers; few studies included fathers or extended family members. Services reviewed included both assessment and intervention. Factors related to assessment and intervention uptake included communication, provider support, logistics, immigration, cultural beliefs, caregivers' knowledge about autism, and social systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Public education on the signs of autism and how to access services may address some of the barriers identified by caregivers in this review. Clinicians can provide education and support to empower caregivers to advocate for their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1544-1566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining How U.S.-Educated Students Navigate International Clinical Practice in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology.","authors":"Fauzia Abdalla, Ishara Ramkissoon, Samantha Ghali, Lemmietta McNeilly","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00127","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The current qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences and challenges reported by United States (U.S.)-educated international clinicians practicing outside of the U.S. upon graduate degree completion. Identification of strategies for international practice was sought.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nine participants, including seven speech-language pathologists (six women, one man) and two male audiologists practicing in 10 countries, were interviewed. Content analysis was used to systematically structure interview data, and a phenomenological orientation with qualitative analyses was adopted to explore the value and significance of the international practitioners' experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data analysis revealed three overarching themes that emphasized the influence of local context on clinical practice, professional autonomy, and navigating strategies for professional success. These thematic results were supported by several subthemes addressing a range of topics, such as evidence-based practice, colonialism, encroachment, resilience, and self-care. Analysis and interpretation of themes led to specific outcomes, including (a) suggestions for curricular and clinical changes within graduate programs, (b) optimal personal skills and strategies professionals utilize to achieve success during international engagements, and (c) recommendations for universities and professional organizations to enhance graduate personnel preparation of clinicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Study implications offered recommendations that graduate programs and professional organizations could use to optimize the preparation of the audiology and speech-language pathology workforce internationally. The implications include advising, mentoring, curriculum, service provision coaching, clinical placement, and alumni relations that benefit international graduate degree candidates, departments, and universities. Insights from this study are an invaluable resource for academicians and future graduate students planning to work internationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1135-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversation Initiation in Families With a Toddler Who Is Deaf or Hard of Hearing.","authors":"Mark VanDam, Aleah S Brock, Sandie M Bass-Ringdahl, Lauren Thompson, Elizabeth Wilson-Fowler, David Jenson, Caitlin McCaslin, Kristina T Johnson, Paul De Palma","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00254","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this work is to describe the conversation initiation rates in families of toddlers who are deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) as compared to those with typical development.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Analysis of daylong acoustic recordings was used to describe the conversational dynamics in 78 families, comprising 51 families with a DHH toddler (23 boys, 28 girls) and 27 families with a typically developing (TD) toddler (16 boys, 11 girls). Number of conversational initiations was the primary variable of interest to describe conversational dynamics within families.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of this study suggest that toddlers' conversation initiation rate does not differ by the sex or the hearing status of the child; however, mothers initiated conversations at a higher rate than fathers in both the DHH and TD groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exploring conversation initiation provides a window into the broader development of conversational dynamics that may influence the course of language development in children, especially those with or at risk for a communication disorder. Results indicate that there was no difference in conversation initiation rate between families with DHH toddlers and families of TD toddlers, suggesting that this aspect of conversational dynamics is not influenced by pediatric hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"34 3","pages":"1256-1268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Consensus on the Role of Speech-Language Pathologists in Working With Deaf Children Who Use American Sign Language in the United States: A Classical e-Delphi Study.","authors":"Kristen Secora, Brittany Lee, David Smith, Marie Coppola","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00298","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although approximately 40% of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) regularly serve Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students, at present, there are no agreed-upon standards specifying the minimum qualifications and best practices for working with this population, especially those who use signed language. The goal of the present study is to establish expert consensus on recommended clinical training and practice for SLPs working with signing DHH children.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Experts in fields related to speech-language pathology and deaf education (<i>N</i> = 30, 16 DHH) participated in three rounds of a classical e-Delphi study. In Round 1, experts responded to open-ended questions about the role of SLPs working with DHH children who sign. In Rounds 2 and 3, experts rated their agreement with statements generated by fellow experts in Round 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A mixed-method design included qualitative content analysis (Round 1) and quantitative descriptive statistics (Rounds 2 and 3). Experts rated a total of 185 items in Round 2 and 186 items in Round 3. Consensus (at least 70% agreement) was met for 158 statements, with recommendations for SLPs' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Consensus was not achieved for 28 items, including the level of American Sign Language proficiency required for SLPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is the first to elicit input from a panel of experts seeking to establish professional standards for SLPs who work with signing DHH children. These findings contribute to the movement toward more inclusive and culturally responsive clinical practice and can inform educational standards and policy for SLPs. Future research is needed to determine whether practicing SLPs meet these recommended standards and how clinical training can support growth for standards that are not currently being met.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28665218.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1219-1255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing a Vietnamese Sentence Repetition Task Using Item Response Theory.","authors":"Giang Pham, Alexander Choi-Tucci, Ngoc Do, Kerry Danahy Ebert","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00381","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sentence repetition can contribute to the identification of developmental language disorder (DLD). However, few studies have attempted to optimize the task for clinical practice. This study uses the item response theory (IRT) to optimize a Vietnamese sentence repetition task for screening and full-assessment purposes and evaluate the diagnostic utility of the new item sets.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We expanded the original task from 28 to 40 items to maximize the chances of having robust final item sets. The 40 items were administered to 196 children in Vietnam, ages 4-6 years. Participants met criteria for DLD (<i>n</i> = 28) or typical development (<i>n</i> = 122), while a subset did not meet criteria for either classification (i.e., Risk, <i>n</i> = 46). Using IRT, we compared different scoring systems and selected item sets with robust parameters and adequate fit to serve two clinical purposes, assessment and screening. We calculated diagnostic accuracy of these item sets using discriminant function analysis and compared results to raw score cut-points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal item set for full assessment included 28 items (15 original items) and showed strong diagnostic accuracy, as did a 14-item subset (seven original items) designed for screening. The item set for full assessment also provided a quick characterization of children's grammatical performance. The strongest diagnostic values were derived from discriminant function analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study optimized two sentence repetition tasks for monolingual Vietnamese children for use in a full assessment or screening. Implications are discussed on how to utilize tasks in clinical practice. Future studies need to evaluate sentence repetition in older children and bilingual populations.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28570475.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1176-1192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of a Virtual, Adapted Yoga Practice for People With Aphasia: A Pilot Cohort Study.","authors":"Lauren Bislick, Aimee Dietz, Karen Cornelius, E Susan Duncan, Amy E R Engelhoven, Michelle K Hart","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00325","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to extend previous work using a pilot delayed cohort design with a more geographically and linguistically diverse group of people with aphasia (PWA) to explore the impact of a virtual, adapted, and aphasia-friendly yoga program; expand our original outcome measures to include a self-report of aphasia impact in addition to measures of resilience, stress, sleep disturbance, and pain management; and continue programmatic development through participant feedback about the program structure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A delayed cohort design was used to document the benefits of a virtual, adapted, and aphasia-friendly yoga program for persons with moderate-severe aphasia, replicating our previous work with persons with mild-moderate aphasia. Fourteen PWA participated in an 8-week community yoga program. Perceived stress, resilience, sleep disturbance, pain management, and aphasia impact were assessed pre- and postparticipation in the yoga program via self-report. A brief questionnaire was given at the end of the yoga program to inform programmatic development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of group comparisons suggest that participation in an 8-week adapted yoga program may positively impact perceptions of resilience (medium effect), sleep disturbance (medium effect), perceived stress (small effect), and aphasia impact (small effect). No effect was found for pain. Overall, participants reported a positive experience and offered feedback to enhance the structure of the program.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings are promising and support yoga as a potent adjunct to traditional rehabilitation efforts to support resilience and psychosocial variables that impact quality of life in people with moderate-severe aphasia.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28514249.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1380-1389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Behavior of Transitional Foods as Compared to Purees: A Videofluoroscopic Analysis.","authors":"Ekaterina Bruno, Reva Barewal, Samantha Shune","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00099","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Medically tailored transitional foods (TFs) may be a clinically viable alternative to pureed consistency for individuals requiring texture-modified foods. However, little remains known about the performance of TFs during the swallow. The purpose of this investigation was to describe oropharyngeal swallowing physiology in patients with dysphagia during consumption of TFs as compared to pureed solids.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on 31 long-term acute care hospital inpatients (23 males; <i>M</i>_age = 57.5 years), who all had a primary medical diagnosis of acute respiratory failure. All patients received a videofluoroscopic swallow study that included both pureed and transitional solid (Savorease Therapeutic Foods) trials. Swallow function was assessed and described following the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) interpretation approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences in scores were observed between pureed and transitional solids for any of the MBSImP component scores. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were observed in overall oral or pharyngeal composite scores. Although a majority of the individual patients performed similarly on both consistencies across the components scores, there was some variability across a few scores, with a subset of patients performing better with transitional solids for oral and pharyngeal residue and a subset of patients performing better with pureed solids for bolus preparation and initiation of the pharyngeal swallow. No instances of airway invasion were present across any of the solids trialed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this pilot study revealed that high-dissolving transitional solids did not increase apparent risk as compared to pureed textures, as there were no significant differences in swallowing safety and only some differences were observed in performance between the two textures. These findings may support the use of transitional solids as a \"bridge\" and safe consistency to facilitate progression to higher, more challenging textures in medically complex persons with dysphagia based on individual performance. This work represents an important initial step toward the integration of transitional solids into evaluation protocols, texture recommendations, and, potentially, into treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1398-1406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to Assessment Practices in Linguistically Diverse Children: A Preliminary Application of Theoretical Domains Framework.","authors":"Sabreen NoorAli, Stephanie De Anda, Lauren M Cycyk, Sara Starlin","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00256","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Linguistically diverse children face health disparities in special education services in part due to limited linguistic responsivity in communication assessment practices. This study uses the first application of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to reveal the various factors that affect the implementation of linguistically responsive practices and their respective barriers and facilitators.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two focus groups were conducted in Oregon with a total of nine speech-language pathologists, most of whom were multilingual. A deductive and inductive analytical approach in a two-stage process was employed, whereby barriers and facilitators were deductively coded using TDF domains (content analysis) and analyzed for subthemes within each domain as well as barriers and facilitators for each domain. Barriers and facilitators were summarized across overarching themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 33 themes were extracted from all the domains. The most commonly coded TDF domains in the focus group transcript were knowledge (69%), beliefs about consequences (48%), and environmental context and resources (33%). The overarching themes identified across domains were related to the role of family, flexibility and adaptability, limitations of assessment tools, need for help through experts, research and training, and approach to language differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings from this study offer a precise initial characterization of the barriers and facilitators to linguistically responsive communication assessment of children from birth to age 5 years. Future research should focus on supporting facilitators while eliminating barriers to ensure equitable service provision for all children.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28516196.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1154-1175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of Endoscopic Evaluations of Laryngeal Function After Extubation for Research in Critically Ill Adults.","authors":"Vinciya Pandian, Sai Phani Sree Cherukuri, Mounica Koneru, Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar Reddy, Pooja Kota, Victor D Dinglas, Elizabeth Colantuoni, Lee Akst, Alexander T Hillel, Dale M Needham, Martin B Brodsky","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-23-00464","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-23-00464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Flexible nasal laryngoscopy (FNL) is commonly used in intensive care units (ICUs) to assess laryngeal anatomy and function after endotracheal intubation. The use of FNL in research may differ from clinical practice due to requirements of research protocols and related data collection and documentation. This study evaluates the feasibility of performing FNL post-extubation in critically ill adults within the context of a research protocol. Understanding the feasibility of this reference standard assessment is important for supporting future studies and improving patient care.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This prospective study, conducted in six ICUs within a single academic medical center, consecutively enrolled adult patients who required mechanical ventilation for at least 8 hr. The primary feasibility outcome was the successful completion of FNL within 72 hr of extubation. Secondary outcomes included completion of the 3-oz water swallow test (Yale Swallow Protocol) during the FNL, patient enrollment/exclusion/withdrawal rates, time from extubation to FNL, procedure duration, and patient-reported pain (using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 80 patients (75%) of 107 eligible patients fully completed FNL. Among the 24 patients who did not receive FNL, eight died, seven were medically inappropriate, and seven declined FNL. The median time from extubation to FNL was 10 hr (IQR [interquartile range]: 8-12 hr), and the median FNL procedure duration was 8.5 min (IQR: 5.8-12.9 min). The median (IQR) pain score was 2 (0, 4) of 10, reflecting only mild discomfort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Post-extubation FNL is feasible within the context of a research protocol and well tolerated by critically ill adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1425-1434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}