American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology最新文献

{"title":"The Right ICD Code, Right Now: A Call to Action for Pragmatic Language Disorders After Right Hemisphere Stroke.","authors":"Jamila Minga, Shanika Phillips Fullwood, Deborah Rose, Danai Kasambira Fannin","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00090","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Diagnosis of language impairments after stroke is important to optimizing stroke outcomes. After right hemisphere brain damage (RHD), apragmatism can impact the comprehension and production of pragmatic language. However, despite decades of empirical evidence, there is no International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code for RHD pragmatic language impairments. The absence of an ICD code has far reaching ramifications that impact patient outcomes, including reduced clinical and public awareness, limited curricular content, and underdiagnosis. This viewpoint justifies the need to appropriately classify the pragmatic language symptomology after RHD with an ICD code.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An ICD code can positively influence health care practitioner knowledge, education, and practice while informing public health considerations vital to epidemiological analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3121-3128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11547046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence and ChatGPT by Speech-Language Pathologists and Students.","authors":"Julianna Austin, Keith Benas, Sara Caicedo, Emily Imiolek, Anna Piekutowski, Iyad Ghanim","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This project explores the perceived implications of artificial intelligence (AI) tools and generative language tools, like ChatGPT, on practice in speech-language pathology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 107 clinician (<i>n</i> = 60) and student (<i>n</i> = 47) participants completed an 87-item survey that included Likert-style questions and open-ended qualitative responses. The survey explored participants' current frequency of use, experience with AI tools, ethical concerns, and concern with replacing clinicians, as well as likelihood to use in particular professional and clinical areas. Results were analyzed in the context of qualitative responses to typed-response open-ended questions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A series of analyses indicated participants are somewhat knowledgeable and experienced with GPT software and other AI tools. Despite a positive outlook and the belief that AI tools are helpful for practice, programs like ChatGPT and other AI tools are infrequently used by speech-language pathologists and students for clinical purposes, mostly restricted to administrative tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While impressions of GPT and other AI tools cite the beneficial ways that AI tools can enhance a clinician's workloads, participants indicate a hesitancy to use AI tools and call for institutional guidelines and training for its adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting Participation Through Project-Based Intervention: A Tutorial for Working With People With Aphasia in Individual Sessions.","authors":"Thomas W Sather, Katie A Strong","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00094","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Participation is an integral focus of services to people with aphasia and is considered best practice within the scope of practice for speech-language pathology. The Life Participation Approach to Aphasia encourages meaningful participation in life for people living with aphasia. In theory, providing participation-based services to people with aphasia seems logical; however, embedding these constructs of participation into practice can be challenging for speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Project-based intervention (PBI) provides an authentic opportunity to target participation and support identity reformulation in aphasia intervention. Historically, projects have been provided primarily in group-based settings, which may be difficult for the majority of SLPs who primarily offer individual sessions due to reimbursement. This tutorial provides a framework for using PBI in individual sessions for clients with aphasia using five evidence-based components: (a) shared decision making, (b) patient-reported outcomes, (c) goal setting, (d) the project, and (e) ongoing evaluation. Evidence-based tools and a case example are provided to support each component.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Projects and PBI provide tangible means of placing participation at the center of intervention while also providing opportunities to target language impairments, identity reconstruction, and various environments in a meaningful and personalized way. Projects can be scaled to the client's needs and abilities as well as to the constraints and options of the service delivery setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"2732-2745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Pharyngeal High-Resolution (Impedance) Manometry in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Marise Neijman, Stevie van Mierden, M Baris Karakullukcu, Frans J M Hilgers, Michiel W M van den Brekel, Lisette van der Molen","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00020","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This scoping review aims to summarize and explore current literature on the usefulness and clinical implications of pharyngeal high-resolution (impedance) manometry (HRM/HRIM) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three online databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and additionally Google Scholar) were searched until December 2023. Studies using pharyngeal HRM/HRIM to assess swallowing or voicing in HNC patients, written in any language and published in peer-reviewed journals, were considered eligible. Quality check was performed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Healthcare Practice Project. Information about the study population and HRM/HRIM data (equipment, protocol, analysis, and outcomes) were extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight papers met the inclusion criteria, six utilizing HRM and two HRIM. The study design consisted of case-series (five) and case-control (three). The quality assessment indicated a weak global rating for seven papers and a moderate rating for one for the remaining study. Findings suggest that HNC patients with dysphagia suffer from reduced pressures in the pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter compared to healthy individuals, potentially influenced by tumor characteristics and treatment. Decreased pressures may indicate poor functioning of swallowing musculature and mechanism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pharyngeal HRM/HRIM is sparsely used for swallowing assessment in HNC patients. However, wider use seems warranted, as it can offer valuable insights into swallowing biomechanics. This can help quantifying the degree and timing of pressures involved in swallowing (problems) and holds potential for clinical applications, such as earlier diagnosis of radiation-induced therapy or surgery complications. Additionally, it can be beneficial in evaluating therapeutic swallowing strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3100-3120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Impacts What: Clinicians' Perspectives of Causality in Aphasia Rehabilitation.","authors":"Nichol Castro, Sameer A Ashaie","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00174","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Determining the prognosis of aphasia recovery is an important task for clinicians in the rehabilitation of persons with aphasia. Although there are many variables identified as impactful to aphasia recovery, it is less clear (a) how clinicians perceive causality in aphasia rehabilitation and (b) how prognostic variables interact with each other. This study aimed to understand causal relations between prognostic variables from the clinician perspective.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Ratings of perceived causality were obtained from 11 clinicians serving people with aphasia. Participants were presented with 255 directed causal relations (e.g., depression → aphasia severity), representing a total of 18 demographic, diagnostic, and psychosocial variables. Participants rated the perceived causality on a Likert scale from 0 (<i>no causal effect</i>) to 10 (<i>strong causal effect</i>). We also obtained ratings about frequency of access to information about each of the 18 variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A perceived causal network showed differences among variables in their perceived causality. There were many causal relations identified, particularly between diagnostic and psychosocial variables. The variables with the strongest perceived causality were predominantly psychosocial variables, including depression, social support, and participation. However, these psychosocial variables were also the variables that clinicians had the least frequent access to information about. There were also notable differences between participants in their perceived causal networks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinicians hold valuable information about aphasia rehabilitation, including what variables are important to aphasia recovery. Understanding the complexity of interaction among prognostic variables and obtaining data from clinicians about prognostic variables and causality will advance the rehabilitation of aphasia.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27105865.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3012-3025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11546980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Complexity-Based Target Selection for Treating Morphosyntactic Deficits in Children With Developmental Language Disorder and Children With Down Syndrome: A Single-Case Experimental Design.","authors":"Kirsten M Hannig Russell, Julie L Wambaugh, John L Davis, Sean M Redmond","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00171","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Selecting targets for morphosyntactic intervention is a critical component of treatment planning. The complexity approach suggests that, by treating a complex morphosyntactic target, improvements will occur for the treated structure and for related, simpler structures. This study evaluated the efficacy of the complexity approach for treating morphosyntactic deficits by targeting a complex BE verb question structure for children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and children with Down syndrome (DS) and observing its impact on treated and untreated BE verb structures. We also explored whether etiology impacted our participants' treatment responses.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three participants with DLD and three with DS received treatment for the BE verb question structure in the context of a single-case multiple-baseline design across participants. Accuracy of production for the treated structure and untreated BE verb structures was measured across baseline, treatment, and posttreatment phases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment of the complex BE verb question structure resulted in change on the treated structure for three participants (i.e., two with DLD and one with DS). Generalization of treatment to untreated, related BE verb structures occurred for all six participants. Outcomes indicated participants from both etiologies benefited from treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence supporting the use of a complexity-based approach for selecting morphosyntactic treatment targets for children with DLD and children with DS. Additional research is needed to identify specific characteristics that may influence individual treatment responses.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27018124.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"2939-2971"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Word Learning in Bilingual Children at Risk for Developmental Language Disorder.","authors":"Pui Fong Kan","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00489","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the novel word learning skills between Cantonese-English bilingual children at risk for developmental language disorder (DLD) and their typically developing (TD) peers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 24 Cantonese-English bilingual preschool children at risk for DLD and 38 TD children. Each participant was presented with eight novel words in Cantonese (first language [L1]) and eight in English (second language [L2]) over eight weekly sessions. Children's existing lexical knowledge was measured using the moving-average number of different words in language samples in L1 and L2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bilingual children at risk for DLD were scored lower than their TD peers for both languages over time. The role of lexical knowledge in children's word learning differed between the TD and DLD groups: Lexical knowledge in L1 was a predictor of L1 word learning in TD children, while lexical knowledge in L2 predicted L2 word learning in children at risk for DLD. In addition, significant cross-linguistic effects were found from L2 to L1 for both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study underscores the complexity of novel word learning in bilingual children at risk for DLD. Clinically, these findings suggest the value of tracking learning trajectories in bilingual children across both languages.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"2746-2766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11546901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving Beyond Rapport: The Importance of Active Facilitation of Therapeutic Alliance in Adult Acquired Brain Injury Rehabilitation.","authors":"McKay Moore Sohlberg, Therese M O'Neil-Pirozzi, Bryan Ness, Peter Meulenbroek, Lindsey Byom, Rik Lemoncello","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00495","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Therapeutic alliance (TA) is critical to rehabilitation outcomes for adults with acquired brain injuries (ABIs). The purpose of this viewpoint article is to review factors that contribute to TA and to suggest ways speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can integrate these factors into their ABI rehabilitation practice.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We evaluated literature describing client and clinician factors shown to affect-or not affect-TA in ABI rehabilitation and mapped findings onto suggested practices that SLPs may use to actively promote TA with their clients. Informed by our findings and TA frameworks, we integrated findings into a novel clinician self-reflection tool: the Therapeutic Alliance Reflection Checklist.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TA is a key ingredient in ABI rehabilitation. We contend that SLPs can, and should, actively facilitate TA with clients; the self-reflection checklist can assist. We advocate for continued TA research and improved measurement across rehabilitation settings. We further contend that training in active TA-promoting skills is a critical component of speech-language pathology education.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3129-3138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro- and Macrostructural Language Features in Vertebrobasilar or Carotid System Stroke Without Diagnosis of Aphasia.","authors":"Burçak Canlı, Merve Savaş, Senanur Kahraman Beğen","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00201","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the macro- and microstructural features of language in patients with ischemic stroke without aphasia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were grouped according to arterial system damage and given the Aphasia Language Assessment Test (ADD) to detect aphasia. A narrative sample was obtained and analyzed for macrostructural and microstructural features of the language. The study sample consisted of 31 participants with ischemic stroke (15 vertebrobasilar system [VBS] involvement and 16 carotid system [CS] involvement) and 31 healthy participants, totaling 62 individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The healthy control group scored higher than the stroke group on the microstructural feature type-token ratio and mean length of utterance in the narrative analysis and on the auditory comprehension, repetition, naming, grammar, speech act, and writing subtests in ADD. Effort behavior, errors, edits, repetitions, and pauses among microstructural features and uncertainty, filler expression, and anomia among macrostructural features were significantly higher in the vertebrobasilar and CS groups than in the healthy control group. The total ADD score and speech fluency and reading subtest scores were significantly higher in individuals with VBS damage than in individuals with CS lesions (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Language components may be impaired differently in patients with carotid and vertebrobasilar lesions. Speech and language disorders in individuals who have experienced cerebrovascular accidents should be evaluated in the subacute and chronic phases, and the therapeutic needs of patients with ischemic stroke should be determined, regardless of the presence of a clinical aphasia diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3040-3050"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A First-Person Account of Caring for a Parent With Dysphagia.","authors":"Amanda Ramkishun, Madeleine Faur, Ashwini Namasivayam-MacDonald","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00186","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Research has shown that caregiver burden is compounded by dysphagia experienced by the care recipient. However, little is known about the caregiver perception of the caregiving experience, highlighting both the positive and negative experiences. As such, the purpose of this clinical focus article was to provide a first-person account of an adult caregiver of an aging parent with dysphagia and relate their experiences to current literature to inform clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The caregiver provided a detailed account of her experiences caring for her father with dysphagia. Her account was analyzed to identify recurring themes in the literature regarding the caregiving experience and to identify gaps in dysphagia-related caregiver support. The caregiver's story is organized into seven main sections: (a) life before dysphagia, (b) dysphagia onset and diagnosis, (c) dysphagia management and support, (d) community support, (e) impact on family relationships, (f) social and emotional health, and (g) current perspectives on the caregiving experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The challenges associated with caregiving clearly impact the caregiver's overall well-being, but she received abundant support from her family, community-based speech-language pathologist, and caregiver support groups. The caregiver's experiences, while not applicable to every caregiver caring for a loved one with dysphagia, can offer valuable insights to clinicians and other caregivers facing similar situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"2698-2715"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}