American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology最新文献

{"title":"M-MAT Meta: Treatment of Self-Awareness and Language for Individuals With Severe Wernicke's Aphasia.","authors":"Amanda Wadams, Jennifer Mozeiko","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, we evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of language plus goal management training program for individuals with aphasia. The intervention targeted expressive language, while concurrently integrating tasks designed to improve executive function and error awareness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A single-subject repeated-measures design was utilized to determine whether a combined treatment (Multi-Modal Aphasia Therapy PLUS Goal Management Training [M-MAT Meta]) would be efficacious for individuals with aphasia. This article reports on two participants with severe Wernicke's aphasia, who comprised one of the four dyads of the study. Treatment was administered in a small group setting (<i>N</i> = 2) for 2 hr per day, 3 days per week for 4 weeks. Individual video feedback sessions were conducted once a week. Analysis of outcomes included visual inspection and calculation of Tau-U effect sizes of probed treatment data as well as statistical analysis of standardized language and executive function assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visual inspection indicated improvements in naming and discourse skills, which were maintained at the 1-month follow-up. Both participants' standardized scores indicated a significant decrease in aphasia severity, which was maintained 1 month posttreatment. Error awareness improved for one of the two participants, but this improvement was not maintained. Participants demonstrated increased inhibition of unwanted responses and took longer on the planning and problem-solving time required to complete the assessment, indicating a decrease in impulsivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this preliminary study suggest that M-MAT Meta may be an effective way to increase self-awareness and communication in individuals with severe Wernicke's aphasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to \"Developing Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems in Languages Other Than English: A Scoping Review\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Perceptions of Language Development in a Population Sample of 54-Month-Old Children From Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"Jayne Newbury, Bridget White, Kane Meissel, Noriko Panther, Helena Cook, Rahera Cowie, Elaine Reese","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is a dearth of information on cultural perceptions of children's language development for ethnic minorities in New Zealand to guide service provision. The current study explored differences across ethnicities in mothers' report of language concern and child language scores within a complex cultural, social, educational, and political context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data from the antenatal and 54-month waves of Growing Up in New Zealand were utilized. At the 54-month wave interviews, 5,053 mothers were asked if language concerns had been raised and to rate their child's main language proficiency along with other measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression models (including influencing variables) indicated Chinese, Indian, and other Asian mothers were less likely to report language concern, whereas Māori, Pacific, other Asian, and Middle Eastern, Latin American, and African children were more likely to score low on the language measure. Higher maternal education was associated with higher child main language scores, but not with language concerns. Child multilingualism was not associated with low language scores, and these mothers were less likely to raise concern.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated differences by ethnicity in mothers' language concern and child main language scores, which are likely to affect access to speech-language pathology services, as these typically rely on parent concern being expressed. Cultural bias in the language measure may also be present. Further research is needed to ask ethnic communities their views on culturally appropriate ways to identify children with communication needs and to develop culturally safe services.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Efficiently Measure the Intelligibility of People With Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Kimberly L Dahl, Magdalen A Balz, Manuel Díaz Cádiz, Cara E Stepp","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the most efficient approaches to measuring the intelligibility of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) when considering the estimation method, listener experience, number of listeners, number of sentences, and the ways these factors may interact.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and inexperienced listeners estimated the intelligibility of people with and without PD using orthographic transcription or a visual analog scale (VAS). Intelligibility estimates were based on 11 Speech Intelligibility Test sentences. We simulated all combinations of listeners and sentences to compare intelligibility estimates based on fewer listeners and sentences to a speaker-specific benchmark estimate based on the mean intelligibility across all sentences and listeners.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intelligibility estimates were closer to the benchmark (i.e., more accurate) when more listeners and sentences were included in the estimation process for transcription- and VAS-based estimates and for SLPs and inexperienced listeners. Differences between the benchmark and subset-based intelligibility estimates were, in some cases, smaller than the minimally detectable change in intelligibility for people with PD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The intelligibility of people with PD can be measured more efficiently by reducing the number of listeners and/or sentences, up to a point, while maintaining the ability to detect change in this outcome. Clinicians and researchers may prioritize either fewer listeners or fewer sentences, depending on the specific constraints of their work setting. However, consideration must be given to listener experience and estimation method, as the effect of reducing the number of listeners and sentences varied with these factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional Individualized Stuttering Therapy Outcomes At 24 Months Post Clinic: An Embodiment and Awareness Perspective.","authors":"Hilda Sønsterud, Kirsten Costain, David Ward","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Multidimensional Individualized Stuttering Therapy (MIST) is based on proactive collaborative work and shared decision making between client and clinician with the goal of identifying individual case-appropriate procedures and therapy elements in a manner that is meaningful and context-sensitive for each person. MIST combines value- and awareness-based elements from acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with stuttering and speech modification interventions. In keeping with the principles of ACT, we locate mindfulness as part of an embodied practice facilitated through a collaboration between the person who stutters and the speech-language therapist.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The aim of this study was to see whether the positive results of MIST recorded at 12 months post-therapy remained stable at 24 months post-therapy and to consider the role of embodiment and awareness within MIST. Fifteen of 18 adults already enrolled in a treatment study (2015/FO12451) took part in a single-group repeated-measures design. They completed measures of stuttering severity, impact of stuttering, unhelpful thoughts and beliefs about stuttering, general anxiety symptoms, and fear of negative evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant reduction of stuttering severity and negative impact of stuttering from pre-therapy to 24 months post-therapy. Unhelpful thoughts and beliefs about stuttering, symptoms of general anxiety, and fear of negative evaluation were reduced at 12 months post-therapy, and these values remained stable at 24 months post-therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MIST was associated with positive outcomes at 24 months post-therapy, suggesting a possible connection between the person-centered approach and longer-term benefit. Findings are discussed within the context of mindfulness and embodied adjustment, and shared client-clinician decision making. The absence of a control group is a limiting factor regarding certainty of interpretation. Future research is therefore needed on collaborative and individualized approaches to stuttering therapy that include embodiment and awareness perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing the \"Functional\" in the Functional External Memory Aid Tool for Patient-Centered Treatment Planning in Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Alyssa M Lanzi, Julia L Mendez, Megan Tobin, Melissa A Johnson","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Functional External Memory Aid Tool (FEMAT) is an 11-item performance-based measure that simulates everyday tasks (e.g., medication management) to measure one's use of compensation (e.g., pill organizer). The FEMAT is not a norm-referenced diagnostic tool; rather, it is designed to provide clinicians with information about a patient's function and compensation in a standardized format. To provide further evidence for validity of the FEMAT, the purpose of this study was to conduct a mixed-methods analysis of FEMAT responses to operationalize the types of behaviors elicited during test administration.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We adopted an embedded single-case study design to analyze the FEMAT administrations of 12 community-dwelling female participants, ages 73-90 years, who met criteria for mild cognitive impairment. These participants were part of the original validation sample during which they completed the FEMAT (Version 1.0) in a single session with an assessor. Sessions were video-recorded and transcribed. We analyzed the data qualitatively in two phases using theme and subtheme codes and then quantitatively analyzed the data for response trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our thematic analysis revealed four themes to operationalize participants' verbal and behavioral FEMAT responses: (a) used an external memory aid (EMA), (b) described using a strategy, (c) discussed memory and comprehension, and (d) discussed functional information. While completing the FEMAT, most participants described using a strategy (85%) and discussed their self-perceived memory and comprehension (33%). Several subthemes also emerged within each theme (e.g., self-perceived memory strengths and barrier).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis suggests that beyond a 4-point item score, the FEMAT elicits behavioral (e.g., used an EMA) and verbal (e.g., discussion of health information) content that may be useful for person-centered treatment planning. This study is part of a comprehensive research agenda establishing the evidence for the validity of the FEMAT to support its use to inform person-centered treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication, Socialization, and Literacy for Adults With Developmental Disabilities: An Interview Study of Parents' Perspectives and Experiences.","authors":"Sojung Kim, Hee-Tae Jung, Sunjung Kim Thao","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study highlights the significance of continuous support and services in communication, socialization, and literacy skills for adults with developmental disabilities (DDs). The aim of the study was to gather in-depth information on the individualized needs, lived experiences, and expectations of adults with DD by interviewing their parents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 14 parents of adults with DD participated in one-on-one semistructured interviews. During the interviews, parents were asked to describe (a) their children's current communication, socialization, reading and writing skills; (b) the types of communication, socialization, and literacy support their children were receiving; and (c) the types of support that their children needed. Interviews were video- and audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thematic analysis revealed three main themes and eight subthemes: (1) insufficient support and services for adults with DD (i.e., lack of competent professionals and lack of literacy support), (2) approaches that the parents attempted for their children with DD (i.e., parents' responsibilities, technologies, and pseudoscience), and (3) recommendations for ongoing support and services (i.e., novel technologies, social media, and motivation).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights crucial gaps between the participating parents' desire for individualized, consistent, and innovative support and services for their adult children with DD and scarcity of resources in communication, socialization, and literacy. The dearth of evidence-based support and resources leads to easy access to pseudoscience. Future research is warranted to develop innovative, customized, and highly motivating programs in communication, socialization, and literacy for adults with DD.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27214407.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Swallowing Function in Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis: Preliminary Evidence Using Well-Tested Assessment Frameworks.","authors":"Kevin Renz Ambrocio, Rohit Aggarwal, David Lacomis, Xingyu Zhang, Kendrea L Focht Garand","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evidence surrounding swallowing impairment in sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) is based on nonstandardized and nonvalidated assessment methods. We investigated (a) IBM's impact on swallowing function and oral intake status using well-tested assessment frameworks; (b) changes in swallowing over time; and (c) age, sex, and swallowing impairment severity's influence on oral intake status.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis of Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) data from 13 patients with IBM (seven females; <i>M</i>_age = 60.2 [±13.6] years) and 13 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We compared MBSImP Overall Impression (OI), Oral Total (OT), Pharyngeal Total (PT), and FOIS scores between groups. Specific to the IBM cohort, we analyzed repeated OT and PT scores and calculated whether age, sex, and OT and PT scores predicted FOIS scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IBM cohort demonstrated poorer OI scores across six swallowing components than healthy controls (each <i>p</i> < .05). Unlike OT scores (<i>p</i> = .84), PT (<i>p</i> = .033) and FOIS (<i>p</i> < .001) scores were worse in the IBM cohort. Repeated OI scores revealed changes in three swallowing components (each <i>p</i> < .05), but repeated OT (<i>p</i> = .16) and PT (<i>p</i> = .30) scores did not significantly change. Age, sex, and OT and PT scores did not influence FOIS scores (each <i>p</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pharyngeal impairments were most prominent in the IBM cohort, and their oral intake status was adversely affected. Our preliminary data showcase the application of robust assessment methods to investigate swallowing function in IBM, enhancing standardization and comparability across studies.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27165450.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Motor Skill Learning in American and Israeli Toddlers With Varied Language Proficiency.","authors":"Shari L DeVeney, Shirly Dotan, Inbal Weberman, Mona S Julius, Esther Adi-Japha","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the present study was twofold: to determine if deficits in motor skill proficiency and learning were present in 2-year-old children identified with early expressive language delay compared to peers without the delay, and to distinguish how motor skill proficiency and learning behaviors may manifest differently across culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study involved 54 children (24-36 months of age), 23 of whom were identified as having an expressive language delay. Furthermore, 16 participants were American and English-speaking and 38 were Israeli and Hebrew-speaking. After motor and language skill proficiency was assessed using a variety of measures, each child and participating parent were introduced to a nonsymmetrical-shaped insertion task so that motor learning skills could be observed. This block insertion task was observed for each child at three time points and included a transfer task (same task, new nonsymmetrical shape).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with early expressive language delay were statistically significantly more likely to exhibit deficits in fine-motor proficiency than peers without language delay, regardless of country of origin or language spoken. Furthermore, participants with language delay demonstrated significantly higher error rates in transfer task completion compared with peers. Finally, participants in the U.S. sample indicated lower fine-motor skills and higher error rates than those in the Israeli sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differences in motor skill proficiency were universally associated with language delay status, indicating support for the notion that language acquisition deficits may extend beyond the linguistic system even in young children identified as late talkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Pharyngeal High-Resolution (Impedance) Manometry in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Marise Neijman, Stevie van Mierden, M Baris Karakullukcu, Frans J M Hilgers, Michiel W M van den Brekel, Lisette van der Molen","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This scoping review aims to summarize and explore current literature on the usefulness and clinical implications of pharyngeal high-resolution (impedance) manometry (HRM/HRIM) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three online databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and additionally Google Scholar) were searched until December 2023. Studies using pharyngeal HRM/HRIM to assess swallowing or voicing in HNC patients, written in any language and published in peer-reviewed journals, were considered eligible. Quality check was performed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Healthcare Practice Project. Information about the study population and HRM/HRIM data (equipment, protocol, analysis, and outcomes) were extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight papers met the inclusion criteria, six utilizing HRM and two HRIM. The study design consisted of case-series (five) and case-control (three). The quality assessment indicated a weak global rating for seven papers and a moderate rating for one for the remaining study. Findings suggest that HNC patients with dysphagia suffer from reduced pressures in the pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter compared to healthy individuals, potentially influenced by tumor characteristics and treatment. Decreased pressures may indicate poor functioning of swallowing musculature and mechanism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pharyngeal HRM/HRIM is sparsely used for swallowing assessment in HNC patients. However, wider use seems warranted, as it can offer valuable insights into swallowing biomechanics. This can help quantifying the degree and timing of pressures involved in swallowing (problems) and holds potential for clinical applications, such as earlier diagnosis of radiation-induced therapy or surgery complications. Additionally, it can be beneficial in evaluating therapeutic swallowing strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}