American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Training on Childhood Apraxia of Speech: Experiences of Speech-Language Pathologists.","authors":"Sydney Keller, Hannah Valentine, Daphna Harel, Maria I Grigos","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The diagnosis and treatment of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) remains a clinical challenge for many speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Given this, it is imperative to understand how SLPs learn about CAS during graduate school and throughout their careers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In the current study, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association-certified SLPs who practice in the United States and work with young children completed a 32-item online survey. Survey items aimed to understand SLPs' experiences learning about CAS during graduate school and through continuing education (CE). Respondents were evaluated on their knowledge of diagnosing and treating CAS (against an expert consensus). Finally, the survey sought to investigate how respondents' learning experiences related to their knowledge of diagnosing and treating CAS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 346 clinicians completed the survey. Reliance on CE (<i>p</i> < .001) and scientific literature in SLP (<i>p</i> < .01) were found to be the only positive significant predictors of CAS knowledge. No graduate school experiences positively predicted CAS knowledge. The majority of clinicians indicated being unprepared to diagnose and treat CAS based on their graduate-level education but reported high levels of satisfaction for CE resources for CAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results of this study highlight challenges in graduate program models for training on CAS. Implications for graduate program models are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Respiratory Lung Volume Training on Speech Breathing, Voice, and Vocal Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Soren Y Lowell, Richard T Kelley, Hannah Edwards, Anya Freedman-Doan, Lisandra Pereyra Maldonado, Mariela Mercado, Joanne Thai, Raymond H Colton","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-25-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-25-00009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the short- and long-term effects of Respiratory Lung Volume Training (RLVT) on speech breathing and voice in people with primary muscle tension dysphonia (pMTD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-four participants with pMTD were randomized to either RLVT or control training (ConT) and completed six 1-hr training sessions. Increased lung volume initiations and terminations were targeted in RLVT using real-time visual biofeedback of lung volumes, whereas the ConT condition implemented a sham Expiratory Muscle Strength Trainer (placebo). Respiratory inductive plethysmography was used to measure speaking lung volumes before and after training. Voice and vocal function outcomes included acoustic measures, auditory-perceptual listener ratings, and self-ratings of speaking effort and impact of the voice disorder. Long-term follow-up assessments were completed for the RLVT condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increases in lung volume initiation, termination, excursion, and amount of lung volume used per syllable were all significantly greater after RLVT than after ConT. All increases in respiratory outcome measures were maintained at 3 and 6 months posttraining except for lung volume excursion, which was significantly higher than baseline levels at 6 months but not 3 months posttraining. Acoustic and auditory-perceptual voice severity also showed significantly greater improvement after RLVT than after ConT with gains maintained for both follow-ups. Relative to vocal function, whereas speaking effort was significantly lower after RLVT than after ConT, both conditions produced similar and significant reductions in self-rated voice handicap. Improvements in these vocal function measures were maintained at long-term follow-up timepoints.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Speech breathing, voice, and speaking effort outcomes showed significantly greater improvement after RLVT than after ConT in this group of participants with pMTD, with improvement maintained at 6 months post-RLVT. The higher levels of lung volume targeted in RLVT may promote more efficient vocal behavior through functional and mechanical respiratory-laryngeal interactions while decreasing speaking effort.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Linguistic and Multicultural Effects on Animal Fluency Performance in Persons With Aphasia.","authors":"Jee Eun Sung, Junyoung Shin, Michael Scimeca, Ran Li, Swathi Kiran","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The current study examined the impact of cross-linguistic and cultural differences on an animal fluency task between Korean- and English-speaking persons with aphasia (PWA) and neurologically intact older adults (OAs). Specifically, we investigated the influence of zodiac animals on word retrieval, given their cultural familiarity in East Asia, hypothesizing that Korean speakers have a higher likelihood of producing zodiac animals compared to English speakers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty-seven PWA (30 English-speaking, 37 Korean-speaking) and 30 OAs (15 per language group) completed an animal fluency task. Analyses focused on three approaches: total correct responses, culturally specific responses (zodiac animals and ratio of zodiac animals), and an item-level comparison of language-general and language-specific items to identify animal items that could differentiate between the language groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Korean speakers, both with and without aphasia, produced a greater proportion of zodiac animals compared to English speakers. Conversely, English speakers demonstrated greater semantic diversity in animal responses than Korean speakers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both PWA and OA groups demonstrated differential patterns in producing zodiac animals, depending on their language and the culture. These findings shed light on the importance of considering cultural and linguistic diversity during aphasia assessment of word retrieval difficulties.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28942022.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Application of Large Language Models for Intervention Plan Development in Speech-Language Pathology.","authors":"Namhee Kim, Mercy Homer, Hyeju Jang","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the speech and language intervention plan outputs generated by six different artificial intelligence (AI) tools powered by large language models (LLMs), currently available for clinical writing in the field of speech-language pathology. This study aims to evaluate the potential applications and limitations of these AI tools, as well as their ability to provide relevant and reliable information for developing intervention plans.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using a mixed design including both quantitative and qualitative analyses, this study compared the performance outputs of the six AI tools across three fictional clinical cases, each involving different types of speech and language disorders in 5-year-old children. Two types of command prompts, each with three levels of input specificity, were used to generate AI outputs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed that the intervention plans generated by these AI tools were rated between <i>Needs Improvement</i> and <i>Meets Expectations</i> in terms of clinical knowledge and competency. Detailed and structured command prompts than general prompts yielded outputs with higher ratings, while the specificity of case information did not consistently influence the outputs. Each AI tool demonstrated unique strengths and limitations in supporting the development of intervention plans.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study may serve as foundational data to provide insights into how clinicians, educators, and students in the field of speech-language pathology can appropriately and responsibly utilize existing AI resources when implementing these technologies into the development of intervention plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refined Operational Definitions for the Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale.","authors":"Marja-Liisa Mailend, Adam Jacks, Katarina L Haley","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale (ASRS; Strand et al., 2014) has quickly emerged as a standard for apraxia of speech (AOS) diagnosis in stroke despite mixed evidence. The purpose of this study was to analyze, clarify, and revise the scoring procedures and item definitions of the ASRS as a preliminary step for investigating the scale's psychometric properties in stroke.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We evaluated the interpretation of the ASRS items and scale procedures by independently rating the video and audio examples provided with the latest dissemination of the ASRS. Discrepancies in ratings were discussed after each rating.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon discussing the rating discrepancies, our team identified barriers to using the scale, including lack of clear operational definitions for the scale items, difficulties with applying the multidimensional rating scale, mismatch between the scale description and item description, and lack of detailed procedures for applying the scale. Based on this analysis, we developed a series of rules for scoring the ASRS in our own research applications with stroke survivors. We also clarified scale labels and operationalized definitions for most of the scale items.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several potential concerns for reliable use of the ASRS were identified and addressed by clarifying the scale procedures and item definitions. We plan to use the updated procedures and definitions in research applications and are sharing them here for further input and potential applications from the research community. Research is needed to evaluate the impact of the changes on diagnostic classification and severity estimation for AOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swallowing Function After Pioneering Partial Face and Whole Eye Transplant: Clinical Insights.","authors":"Margaret Lico, Kaitlin Hanley, Alay Shah, Sachin Chinta, Daniel J Ceradini, Eduardo D Rodriguez","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00364","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is limited literature reporting swallowing outcomes in the pre- and postoperative period for patients undergoing facial transplantation. This case report aims to utilize a combination of objective and patient-reported outcome measures to highlight swallowing improvements following the world's first face with whole-eye transplantation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Outcome measures in jaw range of motion, anterior containment, texture progression, airway protection, and pharyngeal swallow function were collected pre-transplantation by two speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and at multiple postoperative visits after the procedure was completed. Specific outcome measures included the Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire, Maximal Incisor Opening, Modified Teachers Drooling Scale, Functional Oral Intake Scale, Eating Assessment Tool-10, The Penetration-Aspiration Scale, and the Modified Barium Swallow Study Impairment Profile. Measures were then compared over a 1-year time period to assess changes in swallow function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Improvements in jaw range of motion, anterior containment, and airway protection were observed. The patient's stated goal of returning to full PO diet following face transplant was achieved within 1 year.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Swallowing and trismus outcome measures are an important tool for monitoring progress along a patient's recovery journey, especially following unique procedures such as face transplantation. Based on this single patient case study, facial transplantation can lead to improvements in both objective and patient-reported outcomes. Future goals for research should continue to explore this unique population due to the limited literature available for SLPs, as well as include development of valid and reliable assessment tools specific to the face transplantation population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Feasibility and Preliminary Outcomes of a Culturally Adapted Caregiver-Mediated Early Language and Literacy Intervention Delivered Within a Latino/a Community Nonprofit.","authors":"Adriana I Mendez, Selena Valladares Ortiz, Karen Guerra, Alexa Gonzalez Laca, Katherine Pickard","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Caregiver-mediated interventions may be particularly well suited to support the communication and early literacy development of Latino children. However, few interventions have been adapted and/or implemented for the Latino community. The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary outcomes of a culturally adapted caregiver-mediated early language intervention within a Latino-serving community nonprofit.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The current study used a community-partnered, prospective design to evaluate child and caregiver outcomes after participating in virtual or in-person intervention groups based on the Hanen Program It Takes Two to Talk at a community nonprofit providing services to the Latino community. Data collection measures included sociodemographic surveys, session attendance, caregiver efficacy and satisfaction, and child vocabulary and developmental screeners. Caregiver efficacy and child vocabulary measures were administered at pre- and post-intervention. Twenty Latino families completed all measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Caregivers tended to have more than one child, had low levels of acculturation, and mean household income was $26,629.09. Over 75% of Latino caregivers attended half or greater group sessions. Additionally, caregivers reported being satisfied with the program with all caregivers reporting that they would recommend the program to other families. Paired-samples <i>t</i> tests revealed that compared to pre-intervention, at post-intervention, caregivers reported a significant increase in their knowledge about their child's needs and strength, their ability to advocate for their child, and their ability to access community resources. Results revealed no statistically significant changes in child vocabulary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that adapting and implementing a caregiver-mediated early language and literacy program in the community is feasible and acceptable to underserved Latino caregivers. Additionally, participating in the program improved caregiver empowerment and efficacy. Future work will further examine more nuanced child social communication outcomes, establish long-term follow up of the participants, and focus on capacity building within the community nonprofit.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Communication Implementable and Applicable Lens: A Framework for Addressing Assessment of Social Communication.","authors":"Louise C Keegan, Jerry K Hoepner, Leanne Togher, Mary Kennedy, Elise Bogart, Melissa Brunner, Sheila MacDonald","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Keegan, Hoepner, et al. (2023) developed a framework for social, cognitive-communication assessment, which was intended to make social communication assessment efficient, comprehensive, and accessible to practicing clinicians.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Feedback on the published framework was solicited from expert researchers and clinicians at a variety of conference meetings, including the 2023 International Brain Injury Association Congress, 2023 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Convention, and 2024 International Cognitive-Communication Disorders Conference. The authors incorporated this feedback to develop an updated, clinically applicable framework of communication entitled Social Communication Implementable and Applicable Lens (SoCIAL). The goal of this update was to provide clinically applicable recommendations that clinicians can feasibly implement in their assessment of social communication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SoCIAL framework is presented and described with the inclusion of contextual factors. The focus of the framework shifted to the scope of practice of a speech-language pathologist and their role in social communication. Practical, accessible methods and tools that can be applied in the context of this framework are identified and critically appraised.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This framework highlights the intersecting variables (contextual, social, personal, and environmental) that clinicians should consider during the assessment process and when working to support collaborative goal setting, as person-centered intervention is planned. While there is a growing literature base that supports a focus on social communication in context, there remains a disconnect between the literature and clinical application that current researchers and practitioners have an opportunity to address. It is our hope that the SoCIAL framework provides a framework for supporting clinical implementation and moving translational research forward.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28872272.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Goals of Transfeminine Individuals Seeking Gender-Affirming Voice Therapy: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Felicia François, Jeremy Wolfberg, Caitlin Croegaert-Koch, Robert Brinton Fujiki, Susan L Thibeault","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine transfeminine individuals' goals for gender-affirming voice care and what they consider success in gender-affirming voice therapy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifteen transfeminine individuals completed semistructured interviews prior to commencement of gender-affirming voice care. Interviews explored individuals' voice goals, expectations for treatment, and desired treatment outcomes. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed by four speech-language pathologists with experience in gender-affirming voice using a grounded theory approach. Line-by-line, open, and axial coding were conducted to identify themes and subthemes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four dominant themes and 12 subthemes were identified from the interviews. Dominant themes included the following: (a) Individuals hope that voice therapy will reduce adverse voice-related experiences, (b) individuals expect successful voice therapy to facilitate specific voice goals, (c) individuals expect successful voice therapy to facilitate communication across varying contexts, and (d) individuals want specific guidance in voice therapy. Past adverse experiences included being misgendered or feeling isolated due to vocal function. Specific voice goals included having a voice that was perceived as more feminine, higher in pitch, and produced with less mental and phonatory effort. Participants hoped that success in voice therapy would facilitate occupational voice use, phone use, and interactions with strangers. They also expressed a desire for specific strategies or exercises to achieve desired voice changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transfeminine individuals seeking gender-affirming voice training have specific goals and expectations for voice therapy, which are driven by past experiences, interactional partners, and communicative context. Future study should continue to clarify the manner in which patient experiences drive voice outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Executive Function Performance Predict Treatment Response in Preschoolers With Developmental Language Disorder?","authors":"Leah L Kapa","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The goal of the current study was to examine whether executive function scores predicted response to conversational recast treatment among preschoolers with developmental language disorder (DLD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty-nine preschoolers with DLD who received Enhanced Conversational Recast treatment were included in the analyses. Their response to treatment was indexed by the effect size of their accurate production of a targeted morpheme following treatment relative to their production of the morpheme prior to treatment. Stepwise regression analyses determined whether treatment response was predicted by their standardized language scores and/or by their scores on four executive function tasks that measured selective sustained attention, working memory, inhibition, and attention shifting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the potential predictors included in the model, only Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS), which is a measure of attention shifting, was a significant predictor. DCCS scores were positively predictive of treatment outcomes and accounted for 20% of variance in treatment effect among participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In addition to considering a child's language abilities when selecting language treatments, clinicians may also take into account their executive function abilities, as children with DLD who had higher DCCS scores tended to have larger positive treatment responses to Enhanced Conversational Recasting. These findings highlight the multifaceted nature of the skills needed for children to succeed in language treatments and provide guidance for selecting treatments that are most appropriate for individual children given their profile of strengths and limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}