American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing a Vietnamese Sentence Repetition Task Using Item Response Theory.","authors":"Giang Pham, Alexander Choi-Tucci, Ngoc Do, Kerry Danahy Ebert","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00381","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sentence repetition can contribute to the identification of developmental language disorder (DLD). However, few studies have attempted to optimize the task for clinical practice. This study uses the item response theory (IRT) to optimize a Vietnamese sentence repetition task for screening and full-assessment purposes and evaluate the diagnostic utility of the new item sets.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We expanded the original task from 28 to 40 items to maximize the chances of having robust final item sets. The 40 items were administered to 196 children in Vietnam, ages 4-6 years. Participants met criteria for DLD (<i>n</i> = 28) or typical development (<i>n</i> = 122), while a subset did not meet criteria for either classification (i.e., Risk, <i>n</i> = 46). Using IRT, we compared different scoring systems and selected item sets with robust parameters and adequate fit to serve two clinical purposes, assessment and screening. We calculated diagnostic accuracy of these item sets using discriminant function analysis and compared results to raw score cut-points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal item set for full assessment included 28 items (15 original items) and showed strong diagnostic accuracy, as did a 14-item subset (seven original items) designed for screening. The item set for full assessment also provided a quick characterization of children's grammatical performance. The strongest diagnostic values were derived from discriminant function analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study optimized two sentence repetition tasks for monolingual Vietnamese children for use in a full assessment or screening. Implications are discussed on how to utilize tasks in clinical practice. Future studies need to evaluate sentence repetition in older children and bilingual populations.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28570475.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability of Stuttering in Young Children: Caregivers' Perceptions and Experiences.","authors":"Amir Hossein Rasoli Jokar, Sadaf Salehi, J Scott Yaruss","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>It is widely known that stuttering is variable, but few studies have examined the variability of stuttering behaviors and experiences in young children. This study aimed to increase understanding of stuttering variability in preschool children based on the perspectives of their primary caregivers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study employed a mixed-methods approach involving 104 primary caregivers of English-speaking children who stutter in the United States. The children's ages were 2 years 11 months to 6 years 2 months. Caregivers provided insights about the variability of their children's stuttering via an online survey that gathered information about the amount, severity, and type of variability observed. The survey also gathered information about children's emotional and behavioral reactions to variability across situations, tasks, and time, as well as about the impact of variability on children and on the caregivers themselves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses confirmed that a high percentage of caregivers observed variability in different aspects of their children's stuttering. For example, 89% of caregivers reported that the amount of stuttering they see in their children's speech is variable. Emotional factors were identified as the most significant influencers of this variability, followed by paralinguistic, linguistic, and social factors. Variability was reported to not only affect children's communication and emotional well-being; caregivers reported that variability also affected their own emotional responses, as well as their interactions with their children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights the need for comprehensive, multifaceted clinical assessments and interventions for young children that account for variability in the behavior, impact, and experience of stuttering. Further research is needed to determine appropriate means of addressing stuttering variability in the assessment and intervention process.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It Is No Solution to Sit and Keep Quiet\": Experiences of Communicative Function in People With Parkinson's Disease Following Participation in a Group Intervention for Speech and Communication.","authors":"Joakim Körner Gustafsson, Ellika Schalling","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to explore and describe subjective experiences and feelings related to speech and communicative function for a group of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and whether these changed after participation in HiCommunication, an intensive group intervention program focusing on speech and communication for individuals with PD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Seven individuals who had completed the 10-week program participated in individual semistructured interviews that were transcribed and analyzed with content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight subthemes grouped into three main themes emerged during the analysis, including <i>communication challenges</i>, <i>insights from treatment</i>, and <i>practical considerations</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overarching theme, <i>speech and communication training as a tool to respond to communication difficulties</i>, describes that a group speech and communication treatment program, HiCommunication, may help individuals with PD form and implement strategies to maneuver negative emotional stress related to communication and decrease the risk of social isolation.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28556273.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latine Caregivers' Perspectives of Autism-Related Services: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Molly Hoferle, Elizabeth Roepke","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Minoritized cultural groups in the United States experience disparities in diagnostic and intervention services for autistic children. Listening to the experiences of minoritized caregivers when accessing these services can identify areas for structural and individual improvement in cultural responsiveness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a scoping review to map the experiences of Latine caregivers of autistic children in navigating autism-related services. Included studies were published between 2015 and 2024 and employed a qualitative design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six studies were included in the review. The caregivers interviewed in these studies were primarily mothers; few studies included fathers or extended family members. Services reviewed included both assessment and intervention. Factors related to assessment and intervention uptake included communication, provider support, logistics, immigration, cultural beliefs, caregivers' knowledge about autism, and social systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Public education on the signs of autism and how to access services may address some of the barriers identified by caregivers in this review. Clinicians can provide education and support to empower caregivers to advocate for their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Behavior of Transitional Foods as Compared to Purees: A Videofluoroscopic Analysis.","authors":"Ekaterina Bruno, Reva Barewal, Samantha Shune","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Medically tailored transitional foods (TFs) may be a clinically viable alternative to pureed consistency for individuals requiring texture-modified foods. However, little remains known about the performance of TFs during the swallow. The purpose of this investigation was to describe oropharyngeal swallowing physiology in patients with dysphagia during consumption of TFs as compared to pureed solids.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on 31 long-term acute care hospital inpatients (23 males; <i>M</i>_age = 57.5 years), who all had a primary medical diagnosis of acute respiratory failure. All patients received a videofluoroscopic swallow study that included both pureed and transitional solid (Savorease Therapeutic Foods) trials. Swallow function was assessed and described following the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) interpretation approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences in scores were observed between pureed and transitional solids for any of the MBSImP component scores. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were observed in overall oral or pharyngeal composite scores. Although a majority of the individual patients performed similarly on both consistencies across the components scores, there was some variability across a few scores, with a subset of patients performing better with transitional solids for oral and pharyngeal residue and a subset of patients performing better with pureed solids for bolus preparation and initiation of the pharyngeal swallow. No instances of airway invasion were present across any of the solids trialed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this pilot study revealed that high-dissolving transitional solids did not increase apparent risk as compared to pureed textures, as there were no significant differences in swallowing safety and only some differences were observed in performance between the two textures. These findings may support the use of transitional solids as a \"bridge\" and safe consistency to facilitate progression to higher, more challenging textures in medically complex persons with dysphagia based on individual performance. This work represents an important initial step toward the integration of transitional solids into evaluation protocols, texture recommendations, and, potentially, into treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention Techniques Targeting Echolalia: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Adriana Dinello, Allison Gladfelter","doi":"10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_AJSLP-24-00211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although echolalic speech is found in typical development, echolalia is most commonly associated with autism. As such, echolalia has frequently been the focus of various interventions aimed at autistic children. Recent research and the voices of autistic self-advocates indicate that echolalia serves as a meaningful form of communication or functionally supports self-regulation. As a result, the literature on how, or whether, to target echolalia in therapy is full of philosophically diverse approaches. To support evidence-based practice, the purpose of this scoping review was to inform speech-language clinicians about current research on interventions targeting echolalia and how disagreement on this topic may be affecting the autistic individuals we serve.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Search terms were entered into seven databases utilizing a key word search, and 74 total articles were included in this scoping review. Data on the intervention approach, outcomes, and participant demographics were then extracted for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most interventions utilized principles of applied behavior analysis. Nearly all studies reported decreased echolalia; very few reported increased speech output or communicative attempts. Demographically, most participants were male and White/Caucasian, if sex, race, or ethnic data were reported at all.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overwhelmingly, the literature on interventions focused on echolalia had the explicit aim of reducing echolalic speech, a functional form of communication. Autistic self-advocates have made it clear that they are opposed to interventions that seek to eliminate autistic traits, including echolalia. When implementing evidence-based practice that considers scientific evidence alongside client values, speech-language clinicians should avoid interventions aimed at reducing echolalia.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28536404.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Parent-Reported Problematic Eating Behaviors and Skills at 8-24 Months of Age in Infants Born at Less Than 34 Weeks Gestation.","authors":"Britt F Pados, Grace Briceno, Victoria Feaster, Michelle Chiu","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00238","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to describe the evolution and prevalence of parent-reported problematic feeding behaviors and eating skills in infants born prior to 34 weeks at the time of eating solid foods between 8 and 24 months of age, and to explore the associations between problematic feeding and the impact on the parent and family.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Parents of eligible children (<i>N</i> = 35) completed an online survey when their child was 8, 10, 12, 18, and 24 months corrected age. The survey included the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PediEAT), Child Oral and Motor Proficiency Scale (ChOMPS), and the Feeding Impact Scales-Family and Parent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of problematic feeding behaviors, as measured by the PediEAT, decreased from 63% at 8 months to 29% at 24 months. The prevalence of problematic eating skills, as measured by the ChOMPS, ranged from 30% to 56% between 8 and 24 months, with the highest prevalence between 10 and 18 months. The impact of feeding on the family and parent, as measured by the Feeding Impact Scales, was higher in families of children with problematic feeding than those without problematic feeding; however, given the small sample size, this was only statistically significant at 10 and 24 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of problematic feeding in this population of infants under 34 weeks was 43%-44% over the first 2 years of life. Infants born preterm should be considered at elevated risk for problematic feeding and monitored closely with timely referrals. Identifying prevention strategies in the neonatal intensive care unit will be critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"535-546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech-Language Pathologists' Perceptions of the Severity of Speech Sound Disorder.","authors":"Alexis Moser, Kelly Farquharson, Erin J Bush, Brenda Louw","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00150","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Severity is a qualitative judgment typically made by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to represent the impact of speech sound disorder (SSD) on a child's functional communication. Despite the influence of severity on clinical practice, there is no gold standard as to how SLPs should determine such a rating. The purpose of this study was to explore SLPs' perceptions regarding the concept of severity of SSD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An embedded mixed-methods research design was selected for this study to support the collection and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data. An online survey of 30 closed-ended and 10 open-ended questions was created using Research Electronic Data Capture and disseminated to currently practicing SLPs across the United States. A total of 296 surveys were completed, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for the quantitative data and inductive content analysis for the qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of SLPs reported that they determine severity when assessing children with SSD. However, the mixed-methods analysis showed that SLPs disagreed in their decision making on whether to use severity ratings. The top five factors SLPs consider when judging severity are types of errors, intelligibility, perceptual judgment, normative data for speech sound development, and standardized percentile rankings with the addition of stimulability through qualitative responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SLPs need a standard biopsychosocial model for determining severity that truly evaluates the \"impact\" of SSD on a child's communicative participation and attitudes. Recommendations for clinical use of holistic assessments and future research on currently established severity rating scales are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"722-738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantity and Complexity of Speech-Language Pathologists' Talk During School-Based Therapy.","authors":"Jing Sun, Laura M Justice, Rong-An Jhuo, Hui Jiang","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00303","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined the quantity and complexity of speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') talk during therapy with school-aged children and explored the extent to which SLP- and session-level characteristics contribute to the variability in SLP talk quantity, grammatical complexity, and lexical complexity during therapy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used secondary data collected from 209 business-as-usual therapy session recordings collected in the fall of the school year involving 75 SLPs and 281 kindergarten, first-, and/or second-grade students. Students were receiving services for language disorder and had therapy goals targeting various domains of language. SLP talk was coded to capture various aspects of quantity and complexity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SLPs with more years of experience tended to produce a lower quantity of talk, whereas higher levels of time pressure were associated with increased quantity of talk as well as grammatical and lexical complexity. In addition, session length, mean age of children, and children's phonological awareness scores were significantly associated with SLP talk quantity, grammatical complexity, and lexical complexity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study adds to the evidence for the variability of SLP talk. SLP talk quantity and complexity are related to SLPs' years of experience and time pressure. Session-level predictors suggest grouping strategies for therapy sessions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"646-660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity and Specificity of the Yale Swallow Protocol in Recently Extubated Patients.","authors":"Stevie Marvin, Susan Thibeault, William Ehlenbach","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00449","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Yale Swallow Protocol (YSP) in detecting aspiration in recently extubated patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>One hundred fifty-four participants referred for swallowing evaluation underwent the YSP and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) in random order within 48 hr of extubation. The YSP included orientation questions, an oral motor exam, and a 3-oz water swallow test. Failure was defined as interrupted drinking or immediate cough after drinking. FEES exams were rated using the Penetration Aspiration Scale. Fisher's exact test and <i>t</i> test were used to test for association between failure on the YSP and participant factors (sex, age, reason for admission/intubation, duration of intubation, number of intubations, and time post-extubation of exam), aspiration on FEES and participant factors, and a false negative on the YSP and participant factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-seven percent (88 of 154) failed the YSP. Fifty percent (77 of 154) of participants aspirated on at least one trial during the FEES. Sensitivity of the YSP was 75%, and specificity was 61%. Participants who failed the YSP were older (<i>M</i> = 61 years; <i>p</i> = .0030). More women failed the YSP than men (<i>p</i> = .0007). No patient factors were associated with aspiration on FEES. Participants admitted for respiratory etiologies (pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation) were most likely to have a false negative on the YSP (<i>p</i> = .02). False negatives were also more likely in participants with a size ≥ 8 of endotracheal tube (<i>p</i> = .03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The YSP has suboptimal sensitivity and specificity for detecting aspiration in recently extubated patients. More data are needed on predictors of false negatives in order to improve sensitivity and specificity in this critically ill patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"458-468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}