Ecosphere最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of canine-assisted surveillance and human searches for early detection of invasive spotted lanternfly","authors":"Angela K. Fuller,&nbsp;Ben C. Augustine,&nbsp;Eric H. Clifton,&nbsp;Ann E. Hajek,&nbsp;Arden Blumenthal,&nbsp;Josh Beese,&nbsp;Aimee Hurt,&nbsp;Carrie J. Brown-Lima","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prevention and early detection of invasive species are championed as the most cost-effective and efficient strategies for reducing or preventing negative impacts on ecosystems. Spotted lanternfly (SLF), <i>Lycorma delicatula</i>, is a recently introduced invasive insect whose range in the United States has been expanding rapidly since it was first discovered in Pennsylvania in 2014. Feeding by this planthopper can cause severe impacts on agricultural production, particularly grapes (<i>Vitis</i> spp.). Human visual surveys are the most common search method employed for detection but can be ineffective due to the insect's cryptic egg masses and low density during early stages of infestation. Therefore, finding alternative early detection methods has become a priority for agencies tasked with addressing SLF management. This study experimentally tested whether trained detector dogs could improve the probability of detecting SLF in both agricultural and forest settings. We surveyed transects in 20 vineyards and their adjacent wooded areas in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, USA, and used a multiscale occupancy model to estimate detection probability achieved by human observers and detection dogs as a function of SLF infestation level, weather, and habitat covariates. We modeled transect-level occupancy of SLF as a function of infestation level, habitat type, topographic position index, and distance to forests. Occupancy probability of SLF was higher on vines within vineyards than in forests, and occupancy declined with increasing distance from forests, which is informative for future search efforts. Detection probability of SLF was lower at forested sites but was higher at high infestation sites. Detection dogs had a lower detection probability than humans in the vineyards, but the detection probability of dogs was &gt;3× greater than that of humans in forested sites. Our study suggests that detection dogs are more effective than human visual searches as an early detection method for SLF in forested areas, and utilizing detector dogs could strengthen SLF early detection efforts. This study demonstrates the potential applicability of using canine-assisted search strategies combined with occupancy models to enhance the surveillance and prevention of other difficult-to-detect invasive species.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Function over form: The benefits of aspen as surrogate brood-rearing habitat for greater sage-grouse","authors":"Michel T. Kohl,&nbsp;Charles P. Sandford,&nbsp;Paul C. Rogers,&nbsp;Renee Chi,&nbsp;Terry A. Messmer,&nbsp;David K. Dahlgren","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species of conservation concern are often habitat specialists, posing significant risk to those species when specific plant communities are threatened. As a result, practitioners habitually focus conservation efforts on these communities while ignoring ecological mechanisms that explain the wildlife–plant relationships. In doing so, practitioners may overlook alternative vegetation communities that could maintain wildlife populations under alternative conditions (e.g., climate change). Here, we term these areas surrogate habitat, defined as vegetation communities or resource sites that provide similar critical resources as conventional sites, and assess their potential for conservation using a case study of greater sage-grouse (<i>Centrocercus urophasianus</i>) on Parker Mountain, Utah (1998–2009). Sage-grouse are a sagebrush-obligate species and a species of conservation concern. Range-wide conservation efforts have long emphasized management of seasonal habitats within semiarid sagebrush ecosystems, specifically management of mesic or wet meadow sites that provide brood-rearing habitat required for population persistence. Despite this requirement, no conventional mesic habitat exists on Parker Mountain, yet it supports one of Utah's largest sage-grouse populations. Rather, the Parker sagebrush system abuts quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) stands that may provide brood-rearing habitat analogous to wet meadow sites. It is unclear, however, to what extent sage-grouse use these aspen stands because sage-grouse commonly avoid tall structures (e.g., trees) and their associated avian predators. Thus, we tested whether (1) sage-grouse selected for surrogate habitat (i.e., aspen edge) and (2) selection behaviors related to surrogate habitat had demographic effects on the population. As we predicted, sage-grouse selected for these areas, and the sage-grouse that spent increased time closer to aspen edges did not experience increased mortality. Together, this demonstrates that the aspen–sagebrush edge provided a surrogate for the wet meadows used by other populations. More broadly, this suggests that conservation practitioners should move beyond simplistic wildlife–habitat associations toward a more holistic view of animal ecology focused on the wildlife–resource association, an approach that becomes particularly useful in areas where conventional obligate habitat may be degraded or lost. This work also implores us to examine alternative habitat potential rather than applying one-size-fits-all models to threatened species conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesizing historical plant collections to identify priorities for future collection efforts and research applications","authors":"Elizabeth M. Lombardi,&nbsp;Harpo Faust,&nbsp;Hannah E. Marx","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To understand how and where biodiversity is threatened, it is imperative to build historical baselines that accurately characterize the present and past states of biodiversity across environments. Botanical collections provide important ecological, evolutionary, and biogeographic information on the diversity and distributions of plant taxa, yet biases in collection efforts across spatial, temporal, and taxonomic scales are well known. Here, we characterize and quantify trends in botanical collections made from across different abiotic, biotic, and sociopolitical boundaries within the present-day state of New Mexico. Using a biodiversity informatics approach applied toward a regional case study, we identify opportunities for efficiently improving natural history collection coverage and analyses of botanical diversity. Accurate representation of botanical biodiversity, preserved for future generations through vouchered plant specimens deposited in herbaria, depends on collection decisions made now. This work aims to provide a useful workflow for synthesizing digitized regional botanical collections as researchers prioritize current and future resources in the face of global change.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of farm connectedness on foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in livestock","authors":"Jean B. Contina,&nbsp;Rachel L. Seibel,&nbsp;Bhim Chaulagain,&nbsp;Karasi B. Mills,&nbsp;Michael J. Tildesley,&nbsp;Christopher C. Mundt","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We applied a previously published livestock foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) model to estimate host connectivity using a transmission kernel based on contact tracing and measured subsequent to an animal movement ban in the 2001 United Kingdom epidemic. Connectivity within county-level farm landscapes were evaluated by considering the transmission kernel, host species composition, farm-level susceptibility, farm-level transmissibility, and distances between farms. The objectives were to (1) determine the impact of connectivity of the initially infected farm on the size of FMD outbreaks in four counties of differing connectivity; (2) compare FMD spread in counties that have different mean farm connectivity levels over all farms in the county; and (3) determine how connectivity relationships affect an example control measure. We used a spatially explicit stochastic model to simulate FMD outbreaks on livestock farm operations in four UK counties. Nine farms were selected for seeding infection, with each representing a different level of farm connectivity, measured by the sum of transmission rates between itself and all other farms. In each simulated outbreak, one farm was seeded with infection. In addition to the culling of infected premises within 24 h of being reported, as implemented in the FMD model, control of epidemic spread was implemented by culling farms within 1 and 3 km radii around infected premises. Increased levels of connectivity of the initially infected farm had a significant incremental effect on the epidemic length and the number of farms, cattle, and sheep lost. However, at higher levels of farm connectivity, these incremental effects were observed to plateau. Results showed significant variation in the level of overall farm connectivity between the counties, and counties with higher overall farm connectivity experienced increased simulated losses. Connectivity of the initially infected farm and mean connectivity among all farms in a county were strongly associated with effects of cull size, with disease control more effective at lower levels of farm connectivity. Host connectivity provides early information on the host-pathogen landscape and could be used as an assessment tool for predicting epidemic risks, as well as enabling preemptive control strategies to limit the size of disease outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population persistence, phenotypic divergence, and metabolic adaptation in yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.)","authors":"Gianalberto Losapio,&nbsp;Baptiste Doussot,&nbsp;Fabrizio Araniti,&nbsp;Leonardo Bruno,&nbsp;Roger Guevara,&nbsp;Rodolfo Dirzo","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change threatens biodiversity as populations can persist if they migrate or adapt to the rapidly changing conditions of the Anthropocene. However, the metabolic mechanisms underlying plant population persistence under the long-term trends of increasing temperature and drought remain unclear. Here, we investigate the persistence and adaptation of yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) populations over 100 years of climate change. We resurveyed historical sites spanning a broad climatic gradient (from 1 m to 3200 m above sea level) and analyzed metabolic diversity in a common-garden experiment. We report that nine out of ten populations persisted locally, showing phenotypic and metabolic differentiation. The only population potentially extirpated is that of the hottest and driest site. A complex interaction between increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns shaped plant growth across populations. Populations from warmer sites in coastal and mountain regions grew taller than 100 years ago, whereas populations from drier sites in lowlands and foothills became shorter. Furthermore, we document differentiation in metabolic diversity involving plant defenses and stress response. These findings suggest that ongoing adaptation is constrained by long-term changes in temperature and precipitation as well as by local biotic interactions. Preserving locally adapted populations and their metabolic diversity is key for conservation efforts in the face of accelerating climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic and morphological trait diversity display contrasting patterns in temperate forest tree communities","authors":"Jonathan J. Henn,&nbsp;Brian E. Sedio,&nbsp;Christopher P. Catano,&nbsp;Emily Dewald-Wang,&nbsp;Dilys Vela Díaz,&nbsp;James A. Lutz,&nbsp;Sean M. McMahon,&nbsp;Geoffrey Parker,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Myers,&nbsp;Marko J. Spasojevic","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Studies of community assembly often explore the role of niche selection in limiting the diversity of functional traits (underdispersion) or increasing the diversity of functional traits (overdispersion) within local communities. While these patterns have primarily been explored with morphological functional traits related to environmental tolerances and resource acquisition, plant metabolomics may provide an additional functional dimension of community assembly to expand our understanding of how niche selection changes along environmental gradients. Here, we examine how the functional diversity of leaf secondary metabolites and traditional morphological plant traits changes along local environmental gradients in three temperate forest ecosystems across North America. Specifically, we asked whether co-occurring tree species exhibit local-scale over- or underdispersion of metabolomic and morphological traits, and whether differences in trait dispersion among local communities are associated with environmental gradients of soil resources and topography. Across tree species, we find that most metabolomic traits are not correlated with morphological traits, adding a unique dimension to functional trait space. Within forest plots, metabolomic traits tended to be overdispersed while morphological traits tended to be underdispersed. Additionally, local environmental gradients had site-specific effects on metabolomic and morphological trait dispersion patterns. Taken together, these results show that different suites of traits can result in contrasting patterns of functional diversity along environmental gradients and suggest that multiple community assembly mechanisms operate simultaneously to structure functional diversity in temperate forest ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative framework to develop transferable species distribution models for animal telemetry data","authors":"Joshua A. Cullen,&nbsp;Camila Domit,&nbsp;Margaret M. Lamont,&nbsp;Christopher D. Marshall,&nbsp;Armando J. B. Santos,&nbsp;Christopher R. Sasso,&nbsp;Mehsin Al Ansi,&nbsp;Mariana M. P. B. Fuentes","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species distribution models (SDMs) have become increasingly popular for making ecological inferences, as well as predictions to inform conservation and management. In predictive modeling, practitioners often use correlative SDMs that only evaluate a single spatial scale and do not account for differences in life stages. These modeling decisions may limit the performance of SDMs beyond the study region or sampling period. Given the increasing desire to develop transferable SDMs, a robust framework is necessary that can account for known challenges of model transferability. Here, we propose a comparative framework to develop transferable SDMs, which was tested using satellite telemetry data from green turtles (<i>Chelonia</i><i>Chelonia mydas</i>). This framework is characterized by a set of steps comparing among different models based on (1) model algorithm (e.g., generalized linear model vs. Gaussian process regression) and formulation (e.g., correlative model vs. hybrid model), (2) spatial scale, and (3) accounting for life stage. SDMs were fitted as resource selection functions and trained on data from the Gulf of Mexico with bathymetric depth, net primary productivity, and sea surface temperature as covariates. Independent validation datasets from Brazil and Qatar were used to assess model transferability. A correlative SDM using a hierarchical Gaussian process regression (HGPR) algorithm exhibited greater transferability than a hybrid SDM using HGPR, as well as correlative and hybrid forms of hierarchical generalized linear models. Additionally, models that evaluated habitat selection at the finest spatial scale and that did not account for life stage proved to be the most transferable in this study. The comparative framework presented here may be applied to a variety of species, ecological datasets (e.g., presence-only, presence-absence, mark-recapture), and modeling frameworks (e.g., resource selection functions, step selection functions, occupancy models) to generate transferable predictions of species–habitat associations. We expect that SDM predictions resulting from this comparative framework will be more informative management tools and may be used to more accurately assess climate change impacts on a wide array of taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex multivariate model predictions for coral diversity with climatic change","authors":"Tim R. McClanahan,&nbsp;Maxwell K. Azali,&nbsp;Nyawira A. Muthiga,&nbsp;Sean N. Porter,&nbsp;Michael H. Schleyer,&nbsp;Mireille M. M. Guillaume","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Models of the future of coral reefs are potentially sensitive to theoretical assumptions, variable selectivity, interactions, and scales. A number of these aspects were evaluated using boosted regression tree models of numbers of coral taxa trained on ~1000 field surveys and 35 spatially complete influential environmental proxies at moderate scales (~6.25 km²). Models explored influences of climate change, water quality, direct human-resource extraction, and variable selection processes. We examined the predictions for numbers of coral taxa using all variables and compared them to models based on variables commonly used to predict climate change and human influences (eight and nine variables). Results indicated individual temperature variables alone had lower predictive ability (<i>R</i>² &lt; 2%–7%) compared to human influence variables (6%–18%) but overall climate had a higher training–testing fit (70%) than the human influence (63%) model. The full variable model had the highest fit to the full data (27 variables; <i>R</i>² = 85%) and indicated the strongly interactive and complex role of environmental and human influence variables when making moderate-scale biodiversity predictions. Projecting changes using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) 2050 Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6 and 8.5) water temperature predictions indicated high local variability and fewer negative effects than predictions made by coarse scale threshold and niche models. The persistence of coral reefs over periods of rapid climate change is likely to be caused by smaller scale variability that is poorly simulated with coarse scale modeled predictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial differences in predicted Phalaris arundinacea (reed canarygrass) occurrence in floodplain forest understories","authors":"John T. Delaney,&nbsp;M. Van Appledorn,&nbsp;N. R. De Jager,&nbsp;K. L. Bouska,&nbsp;J. J. Rohweder","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reed canarygrass (<i>Phalaris arundinacea</i> L.) is one of the most common invaders of floodplains and wetlands in North America. In the Upper Mississippi River floodplain, invasion by reed canarygrass in forest understories can inhibit forest regeneration when gaps form in the overstory. Understanding the distribution of reed canarygrass in forest understories is essential for effective management and control. We used an ensemble of species distribution models including Bayesian additive regression trees, boosted trees, and random forest algorithms to predict habitat suitability for reed canarygrass in forest understories across the Upper Mississippi River floodplain (~41,000 ha). Data from forest inventory study plots with reed canarygrass presence and absence were combined with 10 hypothesized environmental predictors of reed canarygrass invasion. We applied three approaches to better understand and incorporate the influence of spatial autocorrelation among our predictor variables, including random cross-validation, spatial cross-validation, and spatial cross-validation with Euclidean distance fields. Flood frequency, distance to contiguous floodplain, distance to forest edge, and distance to invaded wet meadow were among the most important environmental predictors across the three algorithms. Generally, the mean probability of reed canarygrass presence decreased with increasing flood depth, distance to contiguous floodplain, distance to invaded wet meadow, forest cover, and forest height, while relationships with other predictors were more variable. The ensemble of the three models (i.e., the average prediction) was used to map and summarize potential reed canary grass habitat suitability across the landscape. The maps generated quantified the habitat suitability for reed canarygrass and areas of agreement among the models in forest understories across the floodplain. This information can be used to better understand the extent of invasion, prioritize restoration efforts, and develop further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication","authors":"Xiaolong Huang,&nbsp;Yu Zhao,&nbsp;Hai Xu,&nbsp;Chunyu Yin,&nbsp;Ruijie Shen,&nbsp;Baohua Guan,&nbsp;Zhigang Mao,&nbsp;Hu He,&nbsp;Jinlei Yu,&nbsp;Kuanyi Li","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parrot feather (<i>Myriophyllum aquaticum</i>) is an introduced, noninvasive amphibious plant found in coastal provinces, but it has the potential to become an invasive species in China. The plant is heterophyllous, with both emergent (aerial) and submerged (aquatic) leaves, and has two distinct root types: aquatic (adventitious) and edaphic (sediment) root systems. This morphological plasticity allows <i>M. aquaticum</i> to effectively absorb nutrients from different layers of the environment, making it a suitable model plant for exploring nutrient dynamics in both water and soil systems and investigating how wetland plants respond to cultural eutrophication. We designed an outdoor mesocosm experiment to assess plant growth traits and root topological indices in response to different nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations. The results indicated that the plant has a high tolerance to N loading. In contrast, the P content had greater impacts than the N content on plant growth and root topological indices, indicating that the P content was the main influencing factor affecting and suppressing the development of <i>M. aquaticum</i>. The aquatic or edaphic root branching did not change, but the aquatic root topology of <i>M. aquaticum</i> exhibited similar stable trends with increasing P concentration, indicating typical herringbone branching; additionally, its edaphic roots exhibited decreasing topological indices, indicating more typical dichotomous branching with increasing P concentration. The plant has a high tolerance to N, and it may become invasive following the current trend of increasing cultural eutrophication.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}