Ecosphere最新文献

{"title":"Climate warming may erode thermal barriers to pest invasion in tropical alpine ecosystems: Evidence from the Andes","authors":"Paula Torres-Quintero,&nbsp;Carolina Pardo-Diaz,&nbsp;Camilo Salazar,&nbsp;Eloisa Lasso","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70799","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate warming is increasingly enabling species to cross bioclimatic barriers, driving altitudinal range expansions of species and facilitating biological invasions into ecosystems that were historically protected by low temperatures. Among these cold ecosystems are tropical alpine systems—páramos—found in the tropical Andes above 3000 m elevation. Páramos play a critical role in water provision, carbon storage, and biodiversity conservation and harbor numerous endemic plant species with narrow distributions, making them highly susceptible to climate change and biological invasions. However, empirical evidence linking climate warming to the thermal performance and potential establishment of pest species in these ecosystems remains scarce. Here, we combine molecular identification, experimental thermal assays, and occurrence-record analyses to assess whether the thermal performance and recorded elevational distribution of a pest species are consistent with its potential establishment in páramo ecosystems. We investigated recent episodes of sustained herbivory on the endemic plant <i>Paepalanthus alpinus</i>, caused by an unidentified larva in the Matarredonda páramo in the northern Andes of Colombia. Using DNA barcoding cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I (COI) and phylogenetic analyses, we identified the larva as <i>Mythimna unipuncta</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a cosmopolitan crop pest not previously reported from tropical Andean alpine environments. To evaluate whether warming may be consistent with its establishment, we assessed larval survival and development under 3 day/night temperature regimes (30/20°C, 25/15°C, and 20/10°C) spanning current warm-day conditions recorded in the páramo and experimentally warmer regimes designed to assess thermal performance and upper tolerance limits. Optimal development occurred at 25/15°C, conditions that exceed historical páramo temperatures prior to recent warming trends. However, survival declined at the highest temperature treatment, indicating upper thermal limits. An expanded analysis of public occurrence records, combined with our own records, showed that the annual maximum elevation of recorded <i>M. unipuncta</i> occurrences has increased during the modern period. Together, these findings provide convergent distributional and experimental evidence that warming may relax thermal constraints on pest establishment in páramos and may facilitate the use of high-elevation tropical environments by <i>M. unipuncta</i>. More broadly, our results highlight the vulnerability of cold, highly endemic tropical alpine ecosystems to climate-facilitated biological invasions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How did spotted hyenas respond to decreased prey availability in their clan territories over the last decades?","authors":"Mellina Sidous,&nbsp;Morgane Gicquel,&nbsp;Sonja Metzger,&nbsp;Marion L. East,&nbsp;Heribert Hofer,&nbsp;Julius W. Nyahongo,&nbsp;Sarah Benhaiem,&nbsp;Sarah Cubaynes","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70800","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change can alter predator–prey dynamics by influencing the distribution and movements of migratory prey. Despite increasing research on predator–prey mismatches, how predators respond to changes in prey availability caused by climate change remains largely unknown in terrestrial ecosystems, particularly for behaviorally flexible species such as central-place foragers. In the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, increased rainfall in recent decades is thought to have altered the movement patterns of large herds of migratory herbivores, the main prey of spotted hyenas (<i>Crocuta crocuta)</i> in the park, leading to changes in the presence of migratory prey within hyena clan territories. Between 1990 and 1994, large aggregations of migratory prey were present within clan territories in the center of the park for about 12% of the year whereas between 2015 and 2019 this dropped to just 7%. Using monthly longitudinal data collected between 1990 and 2019 from three clans holding central territories, we predicted that the observed decline in the presence of large aggregations of migratory prey should be associated with a reduction in the number of carcasses observed being consumed by hyenas (“feeding events,” <i>n</i> = 777), particularly carcasses of migratory prey. We also examined how clan size changed over time in relation to this long-term decline in migratory prey presence. Migratory prey presence was a strong predictor of the monthly number of feeding events, with significantly more feeding events observed as migratory prey presence increased. Observed feeding events predominately involved migratory prey species, with no significant shift to resident prey throughout the study period. The size of two of the three study clans increased over time, suggesting no detectable demographic cost despite declines in migratory prey presence within clan territories and in the number of observed feeding events. This absence of a decline in clan size further suggests that local prey availability does not constrain the numerical response of this highly flexible long-distance commuting central-place forager, while also inviting further investigation into the behavioral mechanisms hyenas may employ to compensate for reduced feeding opportunities within their territories.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural and urbanized avian communities diverge via nestedness and turnover in a heterogenous urban agroecosystem","authors":"R. E. Bockrath,&nbsp;E. J. Questad,&nbsp;K. Selm,&nbsp;E. M. Wood,&nbsp;E. S. C. Scordato","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70770","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agriculture and urban areas are the dominant forms of human land use globally and contribute to declines in avian biodiversity and the homogenization of avian communities relative to natural landscapes. However, how avian communities differ between agricultural and urbanized landscapes remains unclear. As human land use expands and intensifies, it is critical to understand how community structure differs across heterogenous urban agroecosystems. We conducted year-round point count surveys of avian communities at 54 sites across a gradient of natural, agricultural, and urbanized landscapes in Southern California. We asked whether avian species richness and abundance varied among habitat types and investigated whether differences in community composition were primarily due to nestedness or turnover. Additionally, we asked if richness, abundance, and community composition varied seasonally in different habitats and determined whether different dietary guilds were associated with different habitat types. We found that different habitat types supported unique avian communities. Orchards and urban habitats generally had lower species richness and abundance compared to natural landscapes and suburban habitats. However, agricultural landscapes shared many species with the natural landscapes (nestedness), while most birds found in urbanized landscapes were unique species (turnover). Nestedness and turnover both contributed to the differences in community composition between agricultural and urbanized landscapes. Urbanized landscapes supported a distinct set of dietary guilds and more non-native species compared to either the natural or agricultural communities, whereas species identified in the agricultural landscapes could be found in other landscapes as well. Seasonal differences within habitats were generally minor, although both species richness and abundance dropped substantially in the riparian habitat during the nonbreeding season. Our results suggest that avian communities display divergent patterns of habitat use between disparate types of anthropogenic landscapes. Conversion between any of these three landscapes (natural, agricultural, urbanized) will likely lead to altered ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70770","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing impacts of two restoration approaches on wild bee assemblages and their habitats in a coastal sandy ecosystem","authors":"Karmit Levy,&nbsp;Aviv Avisar,&nbsp;Tamar Dayan,&nbsp;James Aronson,&nbsp;Yael Mandelik","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70764","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wild bees, main providers of vital pollination services to wild and crop plants, are in decline in many ecosystems. Habitat restoration, a key strategy for wild bee conservation, encompasses a range of approaches including assisted spontaneous regeneration (“passive restoration”), consisting primarily of the removal of human-mediated degradation, and “active restoration” interventions intended to expedite succession. While both are widely used, their direct comparison is rare. We conducted a 5-year study of early successional dynamics of bee assemblages and their habitat resources, comparing the relative effectiveness of passive and active restoration approaches. The study was conducted in a highly endangered semi-stabilized Mediterranean coastal dune ecosystem, where planted Eucalyptus stands were clear-cut and then managed with methods corresponding to these two approaches. The study was carried out in a replicated array of five blocks of four habitat types: native shrublands, intact Eucalyptus stands, and regenerated and restored habitats. Of the two management approaches, Regeneration and Restoration, the regenerated habitats were more similar to natural habitats in nesting and floral resources availability. Flower abundance and species composition displayed similar successional patterns in the regenerated and restored habitats. While bee abundance was lowest in both managed habitats during the first year following interventions, by the fifth year, restored habitat had the highest values. In the final year, taxonomic and functional bee species composition differed between the managed and natural habitats. Both management approaches increased the availability and diversity of nesting and foraging resources, and wild bee abundance, compared to the Eucalyptus habitat. However, the differences in various bee assemblage characteristics between the managed and natural habitats demonstrate an ongoing successional process with potential functional consequences. Regeneration and Restoration are complementary in the nesting and foraging resources they provide to wild bees, supporting their combined application for bee conservation in Mediterranean sandy dune ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal strategies of carnivore coexistence in an arid system","authors":"John Heydinger,&nbsp;Uakendisa Muzuma,&nbsp;Caitlin A. Kupferman,&nbsp;James C. Beasley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70780","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How species coexist within shared spaces can provide insights into guild structures and resource requirements, and has wide-ranging implications for conservation managers. Within arid, multiuse landscapes, carnivore space use is compressed into predictable resource patches, potentially shifting coexistence from broad spatial segregation to finer-scale temporal strategies. We tested four hypothesis-driven predictions drawn from dynamic landscapes of fear, hierarchical guild theory, and resource-pulse ecology: that carnivores would show (1) broad nocturnal overlap but fine-scale temporal staggering, (2) temporal response asymmetry centered on lion activity, (3) stronger overlap under dry-season resource compression, and (4) context-dependent associations under certain habitat structures. Using trail camera detections of lions (<i>Panthera leo</i>), spotted hyenas (<i>Crocuta crocuta</i>), brown hyenas (<i>Parahyaena brunnea</i>), and black-backed jackals (<i>Lupulella mesomelas</i>) in northwest Namibia, we analyzed 5268 independent images of carnivores and herbivores collected over 8288 camera-days. We combined hierarchical Bayesian models of carnivore detections and environmental mediation with diel activity overlap (Δ₄), and directional timing models across 3-, 6-, 12-h, and 1-day intervals. All focal carnivores were primarily nocturnal and exhibited high diel overlap (Δ₄ ≈ 0.61–0.84), indicating broadly similar activity schedules within the sampled resource-patch network. Dry-season progression was an important mediator of carnivore detections, and habitat structure also shaped space use—underscoring the importance of spatial concentration at resources. Despite high diel overlap, directional timing models detected temporal sequencing only at coarser grains (12-h and 1-day), with no consistent signal at 3- or 6-h intervals. These results suggest that when space is constrained, coexistence may be negotiated through temporal staggering within shared patches, with dominance hierarchy shaping asymmetric responses and resource compression intensifying when such strategies matter most.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent investment in direct versus indirect defense in Populus tremuloides across a latitudinal gradient","authors":"Abrianna J. Soule,&nbsp;Richard L. Lindroth,&nbsp;Marjorie G. Weber","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70801","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Theory predicts that plant defense against herbivores should be greatest towards the equator due to the strong selective pressure of more populous and diverse herbivore communities; yet recent work suggests variation in plant defense is more complex, predicting divergent patterns of investment across defense types and underlying environmental drivers. To address gaps in previous research, we measure multiple defense types in the same species and consider both biotic and abiotic variables hypothesized to underlie latitudinal gradients. Using the tree species trembling aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>), we combine field surveys of biotic interactions and defense traits with climate data and metabolomic analysis of plant chemistry across a continental scale latitudinal gradient. While some metrics of defense investment were greater at lower latitudes, we found that the environmental variables underlying variation in defense traits differed across defense types, with direct defense (i.e., chemistry) decreasing along a precipitation gradient and indirect defense (i.e., extrafloral nectaries) increasing with temperature and growing season length. Incorporating proxies for predation and herbivory pressure further suggested variation in defensive traits is driven by an interplay between biotic and abiotic variables. Together, our findings reinforce that, even within a single species, different defense strategies can correlate with distinct environmental variables across latitude, consistent with complexity in the selective mechanisms shaping defense variation across space. These results illustrate the importance of considering the full scope of defense strategies and environmental pressures when testing classic hypotheses of plant defense.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial patterns in prey relative abundance suggest top-down effects at juvenile white shark aggregation sites","authors":"Zachariah S. Merson,&nbsp;Elizabeth E. Jahn,&nbsp;Matthew A. Barnes,&nbsp;Emily A. Spurgeon,&nbsp;Patrick T. Rex,&nbsp;Jack T. Elstner,&nbsp;Yamilla N. Samara Chacon,&nbsp;James M. Anderson,&nbsp;Whitney D. Jones,&nbsp;Christopher G. Lowe","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70783","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Predators regulate prey populations across ecosystems, driving heterogeneity in prey distribution through both direct consumption and indirect “fear” effects. Such effects generally demonstrate a positive relationship with predator density and length of exposure to predation. Juvenile white sharks (<i>Carcharodon carcharias</i>; JWS) are a generalist predator in Southern California coastal ecosystems and consume primarily benthic teleosts and benthic elasmobranchs. JWS form nursery aggregations of up to 40 individuals that often persist for several years in constrained geographic areas. However, neither the drivers of aggregation site selection, nor the effects that JWS aggregations have on the nearshore prey community are well understood. We monitored three current and two former JWS aggregation sites using a multi-method approach; leveraging acoustic telemetry for JWS presence and activity, and beach seines (at one aggregation site), baited remote underwater videos (BRUVs), environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, and aerial drone surveys for the broader nearshore community. Each method effectively targets a subset of the community (e.g., beach seines capture primarily sand-associated species), allowing for comparisons of habitat use by prey species under variable JWS presence and activity. JWS aggregation presence significantly altered the community composition of nearshore fishes, while JWS activity had a smaller but measurable effect. Benthic elasmobranchs were relatively less abundant at established aggregation sites across community monitoring methods, driven largely by reduced detections of round stingrays (<i>Urobatis halleri</i>). Bat rays (<i>Myliobatis californica</i>) and leopard sharks (<i>Triakis semifasciata</i>) move into the surf zone and away from reef habitat respectively in response to potential predation. Our results indicate that JWS aggregations have top-down effects on the nearshore fish community, reduce local relative abundance of several mobile prey species at aggregation sites, and alter habitat usage of key benthic elasmobranchs. However, JWS aggregation site selection likely does not rely on prey availability alone, and longer term monitoring is needed to further understand prey abundance thresholds and additional interacting factors that drive formation and dissolution of aggregations. We posit that while high densities of top predators in a concentrated area can change community structure and prey habitat usage, the remaining prey availability sufficiently outweighs the cost of seeking new aggregation sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential skin microbiomes and disease outcomes in sympatric hosts despite similar infection burdens","authors":"Kira M. Miller,&nbsp;Thomas C. Smith,&nbsp;Andrea J. Jani,&nbsp;Andrew G. Zink,&nbsp;Vance T. Vredenburg","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70794","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Amphibians are declining worldwide, in large part due to chytridiomycosis: a disease of amphibian skin caused by the fungal pathogen, <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> (Bd). Resistance and tolerance to Bd infection can exhibit intra- and interspecific variation. This variation may depend, among other factors, on the host skin microbiome. In California's Sierra Nevada, endangered mountain yellow-legged frogs (MYL frogs, <i>Rana sierrae</i> and <i>Rana muscosa</i>) are highly susceptible to chytridiomycosis, while the co-occurring Pacific chorus frog (<i>Pseudacris regilla</i>) is less susceptible and may function as a Bd reservoir host. To investigate whether distinct Bd dynamics for these sympatric hosts relate to differences in skin microbial communities, we (1) compared Bd infection of MYL frogs and <i>P. regilla</i> across 23 Sierra Nevada sites, and (2) characterized the bacterial component of host skin microbiomes (or bacteriomes). Bd infection prevalence was approximately 80% in both frog species, and average infection intensities on <i>P. regilla</i> and MYL frogs did not differ. In contrast, bacteriome compositions were markedly distinct. <i>P. regilla</i> had a more diverse skin bacteriome than MYL frogs, and only MYL frog bacteriome diversity correlated with Bd infection intensity. Additionally, the <i>P. regilla</i> bacteriome contained a higher richness of putative antifungal bacteria than MYL frogs. Differences in the bacteriomes of these sympatric hosts may be due to differences in physiology or life histories. Further work will be important in determining whether the greater diversity and apparent stability of the <i>P. regilla</i> microbiome is a cause or consequence of the host's innate Bd tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70794","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of habitat disturbance on physiological metrics of deer mice (Peromyscus sonoriensis)","authors":"John Osorio,&nbsp;India Rosario,&nbsp;Laurie Dizney","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70793","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife physiology has been understudied and has produced inconsistent results. While some species appear unable to tolerate disturbance and disappear from disturbed areas, others seem able to persist, although it may be physiologically costly. One such cost is chronic stress, which likely has a variety of impacts on fitness. We examined the effects of habitat disturbance on Western deer mice (<i>Peromyscus sonoriensis</i>) over 4 years on three levels of habitat disturbance. We measured hair corticosterone (hCORT) and white blood cell parameters as metrics of chronic stress and its potential downstream effects on immune function, respectively. Deer mice inhabiting the most disturbed sites exhibited higher levels of hCORT and a lower number of neutrophils compared to those on less disturbed sites. These findings suggest that habitat disturbance acts as a chronic stressor, which in turn suppresses immune function. Because we examined the same species with similar context-dependent factors, including time of year, sex, age, and reproductive condition, we attribute these differences specifically to how habitat disturbance affected vegetative structure and soil temperature. We suggest some of the inconsistencies in results from previous studies may be due to overlooking important context-dependent factors and considering all habitat disturbance (e.g., ecotourism, climate change, habitat degradation) the same. Our results suggest that chronic stress and/or white blood cell metrics in deer mice may be useful tools in gauging restoration progress as well as providing a putative link between habitat disturbance and the increased presence of zoonotic pathogens found in several studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70793","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping connectivity between important jaguar (Panthera onca) habitats in the Americas","authors":"Harshad Karandikar,&nbsp;Rafael Antelo,&nbsp;Melissa Arias,&nbsp;Valeria Boron,&nbsp;Allison Devlin,&nbsp;Bart Harmsen,&nbsp;Claire Kremen,&nbsp;Arthur Middleton,&nbsp;Sandra Petrone,&nbsp;Roberto Salom-Pérez,&nbsp;Fernando Tortato,&nbsp;Robin Naidoo","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70782","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Habitat loss and reduced connectivity threaten the long-term persistence of many large carnivore species across their ranges. Understanding connectivity among carnivore populations can bolster existing conservation strategies, and telemetry data from GPS collars are critical to informing these strategies. Using location data from 99 GPS-collared adult jaguars, we assessed connectivity and identified potential corridors between key populations of this species across its range from Mexico to Argentina and compared these areas with previously identified jaguar corridors. Our study suggests the absence of some previously hypothesized corridors and the existence of several possible new corridors, with the potential to inform range-level jaguar conservation strategies. Conservation efforts that address land use change scenarios that may impede jaguar movement through and between these areas are essential for maintaining healthy and stable free-living populations of the largest felid species in the Americas.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}