Ecosphere最新文献

{"title":"Assessing uncertainty in forecasts of refugia for Joshua trees using high-density distribution data","authors":"Daniel F. Shryock,&nbsp;Todd C. Esque,&nbsp;Gabrielle A. Berry,&nbsp;Lesley A. DeFalco","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70308","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Joshua trees (<i>Yucca brevifolia</i> and <i>Yucca jaegeriana</i>) are iconic, foundational species of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts in North America. Due to their ecosystem importance, long generation times, and low resilience to disturbance, these hybridizing sister species are increasingly the focus of conservation efforts. Predicting Joshua tree responses to impending climate variability, along with the extent of suitable future habitat and/or climate refugia, is critical to ongoing management planning. Previous modeling efforts have been hampered by incomplete distribution data and are now out-of-date with the most recent global climate projections. We used a high-resolution, field-validated distributional database of nearly complete presence and absence records, along with a simulation of dispersal, to project Joshua tree distributions into future time periods and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) emissions scenarios. Overall, our models predict widespread habitat loss with limited availability of newly suitable habitat. Under the highest emissions scenario (SSP5–8.5), we project that up to 80% of current habitat may become unsuitable by 2100. Even so, our models predict a larger area of potential refugia than some previous efforts, particularly in the southern parts of the range, where we project persistent refugia through 2100. We also found a non-negligible influence of baseline climate period (the period used to represent “current” climate) on predicted future habitat probabilities. Simulations of dispersal based on the Joshua tree's limited capacity suggest that over 25% of suitable future habitat could be inaccessible, while much of the remaining future habitat area consists of refugia within the upper elevations of the species' current range. An increasing frequency of wildfire appears to be the greatest rangewide threat to future suitable habitat for Joshua trees, followed by renewable energy development. Over 80% of future suitable habitat occurs on federally managed lands, including up to 47% within Bureau of Land Management-administered areas and 15% within National Park Service units.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting apex predator responses to experimentally reduced flow and increased temperature in a headwater stream","authors":"Madelyn Maffia,&nbsp;Allison Swartz,&nbsp;Catalina Segura,&nbsp;Dana Warren","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70293","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Changing climate conditions are expected to cause increases in the frequency and severity of drought conditions in many areas around the world, including the Pacific Northwest region of North America. While drought impacts manifest across the landscape, headwater streams are particularly susceptible to droughts due to limited deep-water habitats and low water volumes that allow for substantial increases in water temperature. While low volumes of water and increased stream temperature will likely affect all aquatic species to some degree, the response of different taxa to these impacts is expected to vary with differences in physiological needs and habitat preferences among species. Using a before–after control-impact (BACI) experimental design, this study investigates how reduced streamflow and increased stream temperature affect the two dominant apex predators in headwater streams of the Pacific Northwest, coastal cutthroat trout (<i>Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii</i>) and coastal giant salamander (<i>Dicamptodon tenebrosus</i>). In a second-order stream in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in OR, USA, experimental flow diversions created decoupled drought conditions of reduced streamflow and elevated temperatures. Low-flow conditions were created by diverting water around a 100-m stream reach and this diverted water was passively warmed before re-entering a downstream channel to create an increased temperature reach. We compared fish and salamander abundances and stream habitat in an upstream unmanipulated reference reach to the two experimental reaches. Relative increases in temperature ranged between 0.41 and 0.63°C, reflecting realistic stream warming in this region during drought events. Trout responded positively to increased temperatures, showing an increase in abundance, biomass, condition factor, and growth, whereas salamanders responded negatively in all metrics except condition. The low-flow reach diverted approximately 50% of the flow, resulting in a relative pool area reduction of about 20%. Relative to the reference reach, salamanders displayed a net positive abundance response while trout declined in the low-flow reach. The contrasting responses of these populations to decoupled drought conditions suggest that interactions of flow and temperature changes together will influence drought responses of the vertebrate communities of headwater streams.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weather and leaf age separately contribute to temporal shifts in phyllosphere fungal community structure in sagebrush","authors":"Jacob A. Heil,&nbsp;Allison Simler-Williamson,&nbsp;Miranda L. Striluk,&nbsp;Danielle Trawick,&nbsp;Rachel Capezza,&nbsp;Chadwick DeFehr,&nbsp;Aubrey Osorio,&nbsp;Bruce Finney,&nbsp;Kathryn G. Turner,&nbsp;Leonora S. Bittleston","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70295","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial communities living on plant leaves can positively or negatively influence plant health and, by extension, can impact whole ecosystems. Most research into the leaf microbiome consists of snapshots, and little is known about how microbial communities change over time. Weather and host physiological characteristics change over time and are often collinear with other time-varying factors, such as substrate availability, making it difficult to separate the factors driving microbial community change. We leveraged repeated measures over the course of an entire year to isolate the relative importance of environmental, host physiological, and substrate age-related factors on the structure of leaf-associated fungal communities. We applied both culturing and sequencing approaches to investigate these communities, focusing on a foundational, widely distributed plant of conservation concern: basin big sagebrush (<i>Artemisia tridentata</i> subsp. <i>tridentata</i>). We found that changes in alpha diversity were independently affected by the age of leaves and the air temperature. Total fungal abundance and species richness were not positively correlated and responded differently, sometimes oppositely, to weather. With regard to beta diversity, communities were more similar to each other across similar leaf ages, air temperatures, leaf types, and δ¹³C stable isotope ratios. Nine different genera were differentially abundant with air temperature, δ¹³C, leaf type, and leaf age, and a set of 20 genera were continuously present across the year. Our findings highlight the necessity for longer term, repeated sampling to parse drivers of temporal change in leaf microbial communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handheld lidar sensors can accurately measure aboveground biomass","authors":"David H. Atkins,&nbsp;Ryan C. Blackburn,&nbsp;Daniel C. Laughlin,&nbsp;Margaret M. Moore,&nbsp;Andrew J. Sánchez Meador","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many recent studies have explored remote sensing approaches to facilitate non-destructive sampling of aboveground biomass (AGB). Lidar platforms (e.g., iPhone and iPad PRO models) have recently made remote sensing technologies widely available and present an alternative to traditional approaches for estimating AGB. Lidar approaches can be completed within a fraction of the time required by many analog methods. However, it is unknown if handheld sensors are capable of accurately predicting AGB or how different modeling techniques affect prediction accuracy. Here, we collected AGB from 0.25-m² plots (<i>N</i> = 45) from three sites along an elevational gradient within rangelands surrounding Flagstaff, Arizona, USA. Each plot was scanned with a mobile laser scanner (MLS) and iPad before plants were clipped, dried, and weighed. We compared the capability of iPad and MLS sensors to estimate AGB via minimization of model normalized root mean square error (NRMSE). This process was performed on predictor subsets describing structural, spectral, and field-based characteristics across a suite of modeling approaches including simple linear, stepwise, lasso, and random forest regression. We found that models developed from MLS and iPad data were equally capable of predicting AGB (NRMSE 26.6% and 29.3%, respectively) regardless of the variable subsets considered. We also found that stepwise regression regularly resulted in the lowest NRMSE. Structural variables were consistently selected during each modeling approach, while spectral variables were rarely included. Field-based variables were important in linear regression models but were not included after variable selection within random forest models. These findings support the notion that remote sensing techniques offer a valid alternative to analog field-based data collection methods. Together, our results demonstrate that data collected using a more widely available platform will perform similarly to a more costly option and outline a workflow for modeling AGB using remote sensing systems alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use change converts temperate dryland landscape into a net methane source","authors":"Uthara Vengrai,&nbsp;Katherine M. Tucker,&nbsp;William K. Lauenroth,&nbsp;Ingrid C. Burke","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drylands cover approximately 40% of the global land surface and are thought to contribute significantly to the soil methane sink. However, large-scale methane budgets have not fully considered the influence of agricultural land use change in drylands, which often includes irrigation to create land cover types that support hay or grains for livestock production. These land cover types may represent a small proportion of the landscape but could disproportionately contribute to land–atmosphere methane exchange and are currently omitted in estimates of dryland methane fluxes. We measured methane fluxes among big sagebrush, introduced wetlands, and hay meadows in a semiarid temperate dryland in Wyoming, USA, to investigate how these small-scale irrigated land cover types contributed to landscape-scale methane dynamics over the summer of 2021. Big sagebrush ecosystems dominated the landscape, while the introduced wetlands and hay meadows represented approximately 1% and 12%, respectively. Methane uptake was consistent in the big sagebrush ecosystems, emissions and uptake were variable in the hay meadows, and emissions were consistent in the introduced wetlands. Despite making up 1% of the total land area, methane production in the introduced wetlands overwhelmed consumption occurring throughout the rest of the landscape, making this region a net methane source. Our work suggests that introduced wetlands and other irrigated land cover types created for livestock production may represent a significant, previously overlooked source of anthropogenic methane in this region and perhaps in drylands globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen input enhances the impacts of emigration and immigration on plant species composition in a temperate grassland","authors":"Zhengru Ren,&nbsp;Yuqiu Zhang,&nbsp;Haining Lu,&nbsp;Xu Chen,&nbsp;Ruoxuan Liu,&nbsp;Jungang Chen,&nbsp;Yunhai Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70301","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human-induced increase in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has decreased species diversity at the local scale (α diversity) over global grasslands. However, whether and how biodiversity at the larger spatial scale (γ diversity) responds to N deposition remains an open question. As γ diversity is affected by both α diversity and β diversity (i.e., diversity among localities), it is important to explore the spatiotemporal response of β diversity under N enrichment. A field N addition (10 g N m⁻² year⁻¹) experiment was conducted from 2014 in an Inner Mongolian grassland, China. A metacommunity consisting of four permanent 1 m × 1 m quadrats (local communities) within each experimental plot was established. Thus, there were eight metacommunities for each treatment. By collecting plant species richness and composition over the first six consecutive years (2015–2020), we found that N addition decreased α and γ diversity, but did not alter β diversity at the community level and its temporal change (Δβ diversity) at the species level. Nitrogen addition increased the magnitudes of species temporal migration (both emigration and immigration) on Δβ diversity at the species level. But N addition did not change the role of species relative coverage on the relationship between species temporal migration and Δβ diversity at the species level. Therefore, our study suggests that species temporal gain and loss do play important roles in shaping community assembly under N addition in the temperate grassland.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive species invoke a lifetime of trophic change in native stream fishes","authors":"Jessica O. Diallo,&nbsp;Julian D. Olden","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70304","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trophic interactions operate across the lifetime of an individual organism, yet our understanding of these processes is largely limited to a single life stage or moment in time. Management and conservation implications of this knowledge gap are particularly important, given the mounting number, spread, and ecological impacts of invasive species. Biotracers, such as carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of animal muscle, are commonly used to characterize the trophic ecology of an individual but fail to capture intraindividual variation and ontogenetic dietary shifts. However, recent work suggests that eye lenses may facilitate the reconstruction of individual lifetime trophic trajectories for fishes, including the chronology of past trophic positions of and carbon flow to consumers. By combining stable isotope analysis of fish eye lens tissue with aging techniques (otolith growth measurements), this study is the first to ask how the lifetime trophic niches of individuals vary within different community contexts. The results provide evidence for asymmetric competition causing differing trajectories in lifetime trophic niches for native and nonnative fishes along an invasion gradient in Burro Creek, Arizona, USA. Native roundtail chub, Sonora sucker, and desert sucker all displayed a coordinated displacement of lifetime trophic trajectories to a lower trophic level and reliance on aquatic, rather than terrestrial, resources as indicated by a shift to lower δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N in mixed, relative to native-only, communities. By contrast, the trophic trajectories of nonnative green sunfish and bullhead species remained consistent between native and nonnative dominated communities. The presence of nonnative species led to a significantly greater decrease in δ¹³C through ontogeny for roundtail chub, a species of conservation concern in Arizona. These results demonstrate the prolonged trophic impact of nonnative fishes on native fishes beyond a single life stage. Displacement of ontogenetic dietary shifts by native fishes through interactions with nonnative species may lead to reduced fish growth and fitness, with implications at the population and ecosystem levels. Stable isotope analysis of fish eye lens tissue offers new opportunities to study the lifetime chronology of individual feeding habits and allows for exploration of the impacts of invasive species and environmental change throughout ontogeny.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescribed fire leads a pine flatwoods specialist treefrog to seek local refugia","authors":"Ian Biazzo,&nbsp;Pedro F. Quintana-Ascencio","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70296","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pine savannas of the southeastern United States evolved with frequent low-intensity wildfires. Today, land managers use prescribed fires to restore this ecological process while also controlling vegetative fuel accumulation. Given the ubiquitous application of this management tool, studies should consider impacts on target and nontarget taxa in these systems. During fires, animal populations persist in the landscape when individuals emigrate to unburned areas or seek refugia within the burn zone; otherwise, they experience local extirpation. We examined the effect of prescribed fires on a pine flatwoods specialist frog, the pinewoods treefrog <i>Dryophytes femoralis</i>, in a frequently burned pine landscape. Treefrogs, though usually not considered explicitly in burn plans, are a good model system because they are often abundant, have both upland and wetland needs, spend most of their lives out of water, have limited mobility, and have skin susceptible to desiccation. We compared variation in abundance and survival in a before-after-control-impact study with prescribed fire as the experimental treatment. We used 240 plastic pipe refugia to sample populations in 8 circular plots over 27 months and 7 independent prescribed fires (one fire spanned two plots). Plots received prescribed fire during the growing season (March–July) in 2020 (<i>N</i> = 3 plots) or 2021 (<i>N</i> = 5 plots). We removed pipes from the plot before the burn and from another plot not getting burned that day to control for pipe removal impacts, then returned all pipes immediately after the fire. We observed 1805 individuals with 1790 additional recaptures. We modeled population trends and survival using mark-recapture techniques and mixed linear models with a Bayesian framework. Apparent survival was commensurate across plots and prescribed fire treatments after controlling for the effects of the pipe removal, and population trends were similar overall. We observed seasonal variation in survival, with populations showing lower apparent survival during wet-season months. The limited impact of low-intensity prescribed fires on apparent survival suggests that pinewoods treefrogs persist in the landscape by seeking refugia. Future work and management should consider possible refugia for target and nontarget taxa while continuing to focus on the physiognomy of pine savannas in burn plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA metabarcoding provides new insight into the diet of invasive chital deer (Axis axis) in a tropical savanna landscape","authors":"Matthew J. Quin,&nbsp;Ben T. Hirsch,&nbsp;Lin Schwarzkopf,&nbsp;Kurt Watter,&nbsp;Anthony Pople,&nbsp;Jan M. Strugnell","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The introduction of non-native species into new environments can cause significant ecological harm and is considered a major conservation threat. As populations of invasive species continue to establish and increase across the globe, novel methods can provide new insights into their biology and potentially aid in management. In this study, we examined the diet of non-native chital deer (<i>Axis axis</i>) in a tropical savanna environment in northern Australia. Using DNA metabarcoding of fecal samples, we described the dietary items consumed by 149 individuals over a two-year sampling period and associated each item with individual body condition. The DNA metabarcoding method detected significantly more dietary items consumed by individual chital deer at each of the taxonomic levels (family, genus, and species) when compared with previous analyses. We observed marked differences in diet composition across multiple seasons and sites. Significantly more sequences from the genera <i>Terminalia</i>, <i>Diospyros</i>, <i>Jasminum</i>, and <i>Hakea</i> were detected in samples collected from individuals in poor condition during the dry season, suggesting that a different suite of food resources is being consumed by a subset of individuals during periods when forage quantity and quality is low. Most notably, our results indicated that chital are consuming a browse-dominated diet throughout the year, differing from previous macroscopy analyses which suggested chital are predominantly grazers during the wet season in northern Australia. Our findings give support for the use of DNA metabarcoding to qualitatively assess diet composition compared to macroscopic analysis and suggest that the restricted availability of food during the dry season may result in the consumption of poor quality and detrimental dietary items.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple factors explain species-specific regeneration of mangrove seedlings and saplings after a major hurricane","authors":"Veronica B. Restrepo,&nbsp;Edward Castañeda-Moya,&nbsp;John S. Kominoski,&nbsp;Elena Solohin","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70298","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mangroves play a crucial role in mitigating hurricane impacts in coastal ecosystems, and their adaptive traits enable regeneration and forest recovery following these disturbances. Yet, how species-specific regeneration varies across life stages and interacts with environmental conditions is poorly understood. We quantified regeneration rates of three dominant species of mangrove seedlings and saplings (<i>Avicennia germinans</i>, <i>Laguncularia racemosa</i>, and <i>Rhizophora mangle</i>) recovering from a major hurricane. We selected forests with varying light availability and phosphorus (P) gradients in the Everglades (Florida, USA). From 2020 to 2022, we measured biannual stem elongation, height, and density of seedlings and saplings, and collected porewater variables (salinity, sulfide, and inorganic nutrients) and continuous light intensity to assess species-specific drivers of regeneration. Species-specific growth rates, total height, and density varied across sites, driven by differences in porewater P and light. Growth rates of <i>R. mangle</i> seedlings and both <i>R. mangle</i> and <i>L. racemosa</i> saplings were influenced by light, while <i>A. germinans</i> growth rates were unaffected. Only <i>R. mangle</i> and <i>L. racemosa</i> saplings were influenced by porewater P, while growth of both seedlings and saplings was unaffected by porewater salinity and sulfide. Mangrove regeneration post-disturbance is explained by spatial differences in subsidies and stressors and the composition of species and life stages, underscoring complex regeneration strategies in mixed-species forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}