Ecosphere最新文献

{"title":"Long-term trends in greenness in the alpine zone of northeastern North America from remote sensing","authors":"Jonathan W. Chipman,&nbsp;Jordon C. Tourville,&nbsp;Irene H. Ko","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70765","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alpine zones above treeline in the Appalachian Mountains and adjacent ranges of northeastern North America support distinctive ecological communities that thrive where conditions are too harsh for trees to grow. These communities differ from alpine zones elsewhere on the continent and are a regionally important source of floristic biodiversity, but are subject to overlapping forces of environmental change including rising temperatures, CO₂ fertilization, varying air quality and atmospheric nutrient deposition, declining snow cover, invasive species, and intense recreational use. Using 41 years of Landsat imagery, greening trends (represented by the normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) and phenological cycles were modeled at 35 alpine sites in the Adirondacks, New England, and Quebec's Gaspé Peninsula. Most sites (69%, representing 88% of the region's alpine area) have experienced significant increases in alpine zone NDVI_max. Most sites also appear to have shifted towards earlier phenological peak greenness, but rates of greening are spatially and temporally heterogeneous and phenological shifts have not yet reached significance due to the sparse Landsat observational record. Notably, significant greening occurs disproportionately in the interior of alpine zones, not only where treeline is advancing. Greening trends are moderated by landscape position factors related to wind exposure and insolation and vary among seven alpine community types studied, with cliff, sedge meadow, and cushion-tussock communities experiencing some of the largest changes. Methodological improvements such as an adaptive phenological model used for seasonality adjustment of observations reduced the noise level in estimated trends and effectively minimized the impact of observation frequency bias. Development of remote sensing monitoring programs for alpine zones will provide methodologically consistent regional-scale information on how alpine ecosystems respond to environmental change, complementing the local-scale work of field ecologists and better informing alpine zone stewardship and management activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recreational activities and human hunting strongly influence red deer space use to trails","authors":"Suzanne T. S. van Beeck Calkoen,&nbsp;Johannes Signer,&nbsp;Anne Peters,&nbsp;Claudia Dupke,&nbsp;Nick Lamprecht,&nbsp;Marco Heurich","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70756","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Assessing how animals adjust their movements to two widespread human activities, hunting and recreation, can provide critical insights into how these activities reshape red deer spatial behavior. In this study, we used GPS telemetry data from red deer in the Bavarian Forest National Park (Germany) to analyze their habitat selection and displacement in relation to hiking trails with varying visitor numbers. Using integrated step selection analyses, we looked at different human disturbances for four scenarios (nonhunting season, hunting season, day, and night). Despite research on the combined effects of hunting and recreation on ungulates, how responses vary between day and night and across areas with varying levels of human disturbance remains poorly understood. By incorporating visitor numbers, this study provides a novel perspective on how red deer adjust their behavior to recreational intensity. We hypothesized that red deer individuals would avoid trails, avoid crossing trails, increase their displacement, and select habitats with dense understory vegetation during periods of greater human disturbance (i.e., during the day and hunting season). We expected this effect to be stronger within areas with high visitor numbers during the day and within the hunting zone during the hunting season. We found that red deer avoided trails during the day, with a stronger avoidance of trails with high visitor numbers and favored denser vegetation for concealment during daytime. Trails were increasingly avoided with distance from trails, areas further away from trails were selected when visitor numbers were high, and step length was minimally higher close to trails. The strong aversion to crossing trails suggests that trails act as barriers, influencing displacement and habitat use. Our results demonstrate that trails associated with varying levels of human presence are important features shaping red deer displacement and habitat selection. These behavioral modifications might cause cascading ecological effects, that is affect vegetation and nutrient dynamics, underlining the importance of visitor management such as spatial zoning, temporal access limitations, and modifications of trail networks to mitigate impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognizing traditional ecological knowledge in biodiversity conservation and management","authors":"Zishan Ahmad Wani,&nbsp;Yashwant S. Rawat","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70767","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biodiversity conservation under rapid environmental change increasingly depends on approaches that recognize social and ecological processes as interconnected. Indigenous communities worldwide have long sustained ecosystems through traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), a living body of practices, beliefs, and observations that connect human livelihoods with biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. TEK provides valuable insights into long-term ecological processes, resilience, and sustainable resource use. Despite growing recognition, TEK remains marginal in mainstream conservation science and policy, where it is often treated as anecdotal or secondary to scientific approaches. Recognizing TEK as a core component of ecological understanding is therefore essential for improving management effectiveness and advancing insights into complex socio-ecological systems under rapid environmental change. However, its application in conservation policy and practice is often constrained by several limitations and challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive mammals disrupt sea–land nutrient inputs over 169 years on subtropical oceanic islands","authors":"M. J. Rayner,&nbsp;M. F. de A. Klemm,&nbsp;W. A. Nelson,&nbsp;S. J. Bury,&nbsp;D. J. Hawke,&nbsp;M. A. Sewell,&nbsp;C. J. West,&nbsp;K. E. Morman,&nbsp;L. A. Walker,&nbsp;K. Neill,&nbsp;J. D. Aguirre,&nbsp;Y. Baba,&nbsp;J. R. Beggs,&nbsp;C. A. J. Duffy,&nbsp;J. Galbraith,&nbsp;C. P. Gaskin,&nbsp;T. Hvid,&nbsp;M. Kirk,&nbsp;L. Liggins,&nbsp;E. I. McGuigan,&nbsp;K. Walton,&nbsp;T. Trnski,&nbsp;E. A. Whitehead,&nbsp;P. J. Bellingham","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70758","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Invasive mammals have severely impacted oceanic islands, reducing or extirpating seabird populations and driving the collapse of nutrient flows with lasting ecosystem effects. We investigated these dynamics on contrasting subtropical oceanic islands in the South Pacific: Rangitāhua, a large island where goats, cats, and rats caused the extinction of seabird populations, and the small mammal-free Meyer Islands, where seabird colonies remain dense. Using stable isotope analysis (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) of 408 contemporary and historical specimens spanning 169 years, across plants to invertebrates and birds, we tested hypotheses about seabird-driven nutrient coupling across space and time. Spatially, we predicted stronger seabird-driven nutrient enrichment on the mammal-free Meyer Islands than on invaded Rangitāhua. Consistent with this, Meyer Islands' soils had higher phosphorus and lower pH, and terrestrial plants and herbivorous invertebrates were enriched in δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N relative to their Rangitāhua counterparts. In the nearshore marine system, δ¹⁵N values—but not δ¹³C—were elevated in macroalgae and herbivorous and omnivorous invertebrates around the Meyer Islands compared with those around Rangitāhua, indicating stronger seabird-driven nutrient inputs to coastal food webs. By contrast, the lower values on Rangitāhua reflect slow seabird recovery more than 20 years after the eradication of invasive mammals. Temporally, we tested whether isotopic values in Rangitāhua plants and birds declined with seabird loss. Values for δ¹³C declined steadily from the mid-19th century to the present, consistent with reduced seabird subsidies (and possibly volcanic activity), whereas δ¹⁵N values showed no long-term change. Together, these spatial and temporal perspectives show that while seabird nutrient pathways can recover within decades on small islands, recovery on large, degraded islands can take much longer. Adjacent islets can provide recolonists but may not serve as true analogues. Restoring sea–land nutrient connectivity on large islands may require not only invasive mammal eradication but also active facilitation of seabird return.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70758","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rhythm of the night: Assessing temporal variation of activity patterns in arhythmic environments from field data","authors":"Elia Lo Parrino,&nbsp;Stefano Lapadula,&nbsp;Damiano Brognoli,&nbsp;Giorgia Terraneo,&nbsp;Benedetta Barzaghi,&nbsp;Sarah Boulamail,&nbsp;Valentina Balestra,&nbsp;Matteo Galbiati,&nbsp;Jacopo Luciano Gandini,&nbsp;Giorgio Grassi,&nbsp;Mattia Falaschi,&nbsp;Gentile Francesco Ficetola,&nbsp;Salvatore Inguscio,&nbsp;Valeria Messina,&nbsp;Edgardo Mauri,&nbsp;Francesco Passoni,&nbsp;Veronica Zampieri,&nbsp;Francesco Cozzoli,&nbsp;Raoul Manenti","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70735","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ecologists and zoologists have worked for centuries to understand the spreading, extent, and regulation of biological rhythms among eukaryotes living in arhythmic ecosystems. Investigating whether the long-standing hypothesis that biological clocks went lost in species inhabiting arhythmic environments can thus have broad implications in assessing evolutionary and ecological pathways allowing colonization of new and physiologically challenging environments. Subterranean habitats generally lack temporal variation in environmental conditions. However, chronobiological research in such communities remains hindered by methodological, ethical, and logistical constraints, particularly for field-based studies. Here, we propose a flexible, noninvasive framework to assess temporal variation in the activity of animals using detection probability as a proxy for biological rhythms. Our approach is based on Bayesian occupancy and abundance models, which can incorporate quantitative (count), qualitative (presence/absence), or semiquantitative (abundance classes) data derived from repeated surveys. This framework is adaptable to a variety of taxa, monitoring strategies, and environmental conditions. It is particularly well-suited for sensitive ecosystems, as it minimizes disturbance and allows for standardized, repeatable analysis of activity patterns. We illustrate the utility of the framework through three case studies (<i>Proteus anguinus</i> Laurenti 1768, <i>Niphargus</i> sp. Schiødte 1849, and <i>Spelaeomysis bottazzii</i> Caroli 1924) encompassing different data types and showing its potential to detect rhythmicity even in stable subterranean environments. By facilitating robust in situ assessments of temporal activity, our method provides a novel and accessible tool for exploring biological rhythms in arhythmic environments, and can thus support the conservation of highly specialized, often vulnerable, fauna.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70735","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cattle and bison grazing decreases monarch egg and larval abundance in the Central United States","authors":"Grace Thomas,&nbsp;Christopher J. Helzer,&nbsp;Jeff Taylor,&nbsp;Joshua D. Wiese,&nbsp;Timothy L. Dickson","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70738","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Monarch butterflies have experienced massive population declines and have been proposed to be listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Milkweeds (<i>Asclepias</i> spp.) are the sole host plant for monarch larvae, and milkweed abundance has dramatically declined in the past 25 years due to increased usage of herbicides and the spread of row crop agriculture that covers 21% of the continental United States. Given the importance of milkweeds to monarch larvae, there has been a major conservation effort to increase milkweed abundance. However, conservation efforts have largely ignored rangeland because of the incorrect assumption that grazers do not consume milkweeds and that milkweed abundance may be near maximum in rangeland. This is an important conservation blind spot because rangeland covers 34% of the continental United States. In 2023, we compared milkweed and juvenile monarch abundance (eggs + larvae) between ungrazed, cattle-grazed, and bison-grazed grassland units at six sites in Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas, United States. The sites are owned by conservation organizations and grazed with moderate intensity. Ungrazed and bison-grazed grassland units did not significantly differ in milkweed abundance, but they had 5.4× more milkweeds than cattle-grazed grassland units. We found juvenile monarch abundance did not significantly differ between bison- and cattle-grazed grassland units, but that juvenile monarch abundance was 6.4× higher in ungrazed grassland units. We conclude that rangeland grazed by cattle and bison can support more than the current level of juvenile monarchs. Although grazing reduced juvenile monarch abundance, continued grazing is important for monarch conservation because rangeland that is not grazed in this study region is typically converted to row crop agriculture or invaded by eastern redcedar and other trees. We also discuss changes to grazing timing that could increase milkweed and monarch abundance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148754071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stayin' alive: Strategies to reduce predation on target species are context dependent","authors":"Avery E. Scherer,&nbsp;Elisabeth Cordner,&nbsp;Rocko A. Brown,&nbsp;Joseph E. Merz","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70731","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Restoration and conservation efforts often aim to reduce predation, particularly by reducing interactions with nonnative predators in heavily disturbed and invaded ecosystems. For Chinook salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>, a highly valued but declining fishery, potentially useful freshwater rearing habitat restoration strategies may include elimination of deep-water features, shallow off-channel habitat enhancement, or provisioning cover such as large woody material features. However, reducing predation on target species requires a detailed understanding of existing variation in predation rates and context-dependent effects of restoration techniques. In a series of stationary predation tethering assays, we found variation in relative predation rates on juvenile salmon across local and habitat level gradients of habitat suitability for juvenile salmon and nonnative fish predators in existing main channel habitats. Counter to expectations, relative predation rates were higher at locations characterized by small-scale cover and near large woody material. Our results demonstrate that restoration efforts to shift habitat suitability to favor juvenile salmon would be expected to improve salmon survival during rearing and outmigration. However, not all restoration strategies are universally applicable, as large woody material and other forms of cover can produce counterproductive results under some conditions, possibly due to abundant nonnative predator species advantaged by heavily altered environments. Additional studies of spatiotemporal variation in predation risk and context-dependent restoration impacts on predation rates are needed to inform restoration strategies and avoid unintentionally increasing risk to fragile populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70731","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148754176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat selection of Meriones hurrianae in the Thar Desert: Integrating land cover, shrubs, and predators","authors":"Arnab Chatterjee,&nbsp;Sayan Biswas,&nbsp;Yadvendradev Jhala,&nbsp;Stefan Halle","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70740","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the ecological and anthropogenic drivers of habitat selection in native species is critical for biodiversity conservation, particularly in arid ecosystems experiencing rapid land use change. We investigated the burrow density and occurrence of the Indian desert gerbil in the Thar Desert. Factor analysis of mixed data and Akaike information criterion indicated that habitat use by this rodent is structured by land cover, availability of food and shelter-providing native shrubs, and predator presence. Grazing activity is positively associated with burrow density but did not significantly influence gerbil presence. Zero-inflated Poisson and resource selection function revealed that gerbils are strongly associated with mixed vegetation land cover, shrubland habitats, and agricultural land with native vegetation. Contrary to expectations, predator presence was positively correlated with both burrow density and gerbil occurrence. This pattern likely suggests the importance of gerbils as a key prey for desert predators, as well as the spatial confinement of native fauna within remnant patches of viable habitats. These findings emphasize prioritizing the conservation of fragmented habitats within transformed landscapes and the preservation of native vegetation. Our study identifies the Indian desert gerbil as a potential indicator species of suitable habitats within the degraded Thar Desert landscape. It further highlights the significance of selecting and modeling appropriate ground covariates to identify critical ecological interactions shaping species distributions in dryland ecosystems subject to anthropogenic land conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70740","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148754175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating multispecies habitat suitability and landscape connectivity to design biodiversity corridors for mountains","authors":"Amira Sharief,&nbsp;Lalit Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Hemant Singh,&nbsp;Vineet Kumar,&nbsp;Ritam Dutta,&nbsp;Bheem Dutt Joshi,&nbsp;Mukesh Thakur,&nbsp;Gopinathan Maheswaran","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70720","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the Himalayan region, habitat loss from infrastructure development and land use changes threatens biodiversity by degrading biological corridors. Despite increased protected areas (PAs), maintaining connectivity between them remains challenging. A pilot study in Himachal Pradesh, India, aimed to map biodiversity corridors (landscape linkages between isolated protected areas) to support wildlife habitats and guide development planning. A total effort of 120 camera traps over 3605 trap nights and 94 trails covering 918 km recorded 20 species, with 8 species listed as threatened. Using transect surveys and camera-trapping data along with ensemble species-distribution models, we generated multispecies habitat-suitability maps. Additionally, connectivity tools such as Circuitscape, Core Mapper, and Linkage Mapper were utilized to map potential biodiversity corridors and connectivity between protected areas. High species richness areas were located between Inderkilla National Park (NP) and Kias Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS); Kanawar WLS and Khirgana NP; and Dhauladhar WLS and Nargu WLS. We identified 1722.16 km² of multispecies suitable habitat across the landscape and it is influenced by temperature and elevation. A total of four high connectivity blocks were identified, where the strongest connectivity was found between Inderkilla and Kais national parks, suggesting these areas should be regarded valuable for gene flow. Least-cost path and cost-weighted distance analyses mapped valuable wildlife movement routes and quantified resistance to movement across linkages. Several pinch points were identified, especially between Inderkilla NP and Kais WLS, and within Dhauladhar WLS, indicating zones of movement constriction critical for maintaining landscape connectivity. This modeling technique offers a robust and scalable approach for designing ecological networks in mountain regions, enabling policymakers and land use planners to integrate connectivity into landscape-level conservation strategies for effective conservation under ongoing developmental pressures.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70720","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating harvest liberalization strategies on population dynamics of southern latitude temperate-breeding Canada geese","authors":"John T. Veon,&nbsp;Joshua L. Dooley,&nbsp;Luke W. Naylor,&nbsp;Brett A. DeGregorio,&nbsp;Margaret E. Ronke,&nbsp;David G. Krementz","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70719","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The recovery of the Canada goose (<i>Branta canadensis</i>) is one of North America's greatest conservation success stories. Today, continental abundance of temperate-breeding Canada geese (those breeding in southern Canada and lower 48 states in the United States) greatly exceeds historical levels. As a result of increased abundance, human–goose conflicts have also increased, ranging from private and agricultural property damage to human health concerns. Managers have primarily attempted to lower Canada goose populations using hunter harvest via liberalized hunting regulations (increased bag limits and total hunting days). To evaluate the effectiveness of harvest strategies for temperate-breeding Canada geese, managers need a better understanding of how liberalized hunting regulations affect population dynamics. We estimated survival and harvest probabilities, abundance, and recovery distribution of temperate-breeding Canada geese banded in Arkansas, USA, during 2005–2020. We found that adult harvest probabilities declined overall during the study and adult survival probabilities increased. Annual abundances of juvenile geese (≤1 year old) declined during the study, whereas there was no detectable trend in abundance of the adult population over time. Most Canada geese breeding in Arkansas were shot in Arkansas, indicating potential for population dynamics to be influenced largely by state-specific harvest regulations. However, our results suggest that harvest liberalization as a management tool may have limited capacity to further influence population dynamics of Canada geese. Declines in productivity and recruitment likely had a greater influence on the similar observed declines in juvenile and adult abundances, respectively, during our study. More research is needed to better understand the ecological mechanism affecting the population dynamics of Canada geese in both urban and rural environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":48930,"journal":{"name":"Ecosphere","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.70719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}