International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease最新文献

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of a ceRNA Regulatory Network Involving LINC00482 and PRRC2B in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Implications for COPD Pathogenesis and Diagnosis.","authors":"Wenjie Huang, Ting Luo, Mengqiu Lan, Wenting Zhou, Ming Zhang, Lihong Wu, Zhenni Lu, Li Fan","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S437046","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S437046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, characterized by intense lung infiltrations of immune cells (macrophages and monocytes). While existing studies have highlighted the crucial role of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network in COPD development, the complexity and characteristics of the ceRNA network in monocytes remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We downloaded messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) microarray data from GSE146560, GSE102915, and GSE71220 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. This data was used to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs). Predicted miRNAs that bind to DElncRNAs were intersected with DEmiRNAs, forming a set of intersecting miRNAs. This set was then used to predict potential binding mRNAs, intersected with DEmRNAs, and underwent functional enrichment analysis using R software and the STRING database. The resulting triple regulatory network and hub genes were constructed using Cytoscape. Comparative Toxicomics Database (CTD) was utilized for disease correlation predictions, and ROC curve analysis assessed diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study identified 5 lncRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 149 mRNAs as differentially expressed. A lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed, and hub genes were selected through hub analysis. Enrichment analysis highlighted terms related to cell movement and gene expression regulation. We established a LINC00482-has-miR-6088-PRRC2B ceRNA network with diagnostic relevance for COPD. ROC analysis demonstrated the diagnostic value of these genes. Moreover, a positive correlation between LINC00482 and PRRC2B expression was observed in COPD PBMCs. The CTD database indicated their involvement in inflammatory responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, our study not only identified pivotal hub genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of COPD but also constructed a ceRNA regulatory network. This contributes to understanding the pathophysiological processes of COPD through bioinformatics analysis, expanding our knowledge of COPD, and providing a foundation for potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"419-430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10860591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lianhua Qingke Preserves Mucociliary Clearance in Rat with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Maintaining Ciliated Cells Proportion and Protecting Structural Integrity and Beat Function of Cilia.","authors":"Xiaoqi Wang, Yuanjie Hao, Yujie Yin, Yunlong Hou, Ningxin Han, Yi Liu, Zhen Li, Yaru Wei, Kun Ma, Jiaojiao Gu, Yan Ma, Hui Qi, Zhenhua Jia","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S436323","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S436323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD) is a sudden worsening of symptoms in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), such as cough, increased sputum volume, and sputum purulence. COPD and AECOPD are characterized by damage to cilia and increased mucus secretion. Mucociliary clearance (MCC) functions as part of the primary innate system of the lung to remove harmful particles and pathogens together with airway mucus and is therefore crucial for patients with COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AECOPD was induced by cigarette smoke exposure (80 cigarettes/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation (200 μg, on days 1, 14, and 84). Rats administered Lianhua Qingke (LHQK) (0.367, 0.732, and 1.465 g/kg/d) or Eucalyptol, Limonene, and Pinene Enteric Soft Capsules (ELP, 0.3 g/kg/d) intragastrically. Pulmonary pathology, Muc5ac+ goblet cell and β-tubulin IV+ ciliated cells, and mRNA levels of forkhead box J1 (Foxj1) and multiciliate differentiation and DNA synthesis associated cell cycle protein (MCIDAS) were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence staining, and RT-qPCR, respectively. Ciliary morphology and ultrastructure were examined through scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) was recorded using a high-speed camera.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the model group, LHQK treatment groups showed a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration, significantly reduced goblet cell and increased ciliated cell proportion. LHQK significantly upregulated mRNA levels of MCIDAS and Foxj1, indicating promoted ciliated cell differentiation. LHQK protected ciliary structure and maintained ciliary function via increasing the ciliary length and density, reducing ciliary ultrastructure damage, and ameliorating random ciliary oscillations, consequently enhancing CBF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LHQK enhances the MCC capability of ciliated cells in rat with AECOPD by preserving the structural integrity and beating function of cilia, indicating its therapeutic potential on promoting sputum expulsion in patients with AECOPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"403-418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhaler Adherence in COPD: A Crucial Step Towards the Correct Treatment.","authors":"Miguel Turégano-Yedro, Eva Trillo-Calvo, Fernando Navarro I Ros, José David Maya-Viejo, Cruz González Villaescusa, Jose Maria Echave Sustaeta, Esperanza Doña, Bernardino Alcázar Navarrete","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S431829","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S431829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COPD is a typical example of chronic disease. As such, treatment adherence tends to be as low as between 30% and 50%, with specific issues in COPD due to the use of inhaled therapies. Decreased adherence in COPD is associated with worse outcomes, with increased risk for exacerbations and long-term mortality. Factors that impact adherence are multiple, some related to patient, some related to clinicians and finally some related to healthcare system. Among clinician factors, prescription of simplified treatment regimens delivered by an inhaler adapted to the patient's characteristics is crucial. Although it has been observed a huge improvement in the design and usability of inhaler devices for COPD in the last two centuries, there is still a clear gap in this field. Smart inhalers as well as simplified treatment regimens could improve adherence and therefore improve long-term outcomes in COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"2887-2893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10697822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of potential key ferroptosis-related genes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Yumeng Cao, Huaqin Pan, Yanwei Yang, Jingrun Zhou, Guqin Zhang","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S422835","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S422835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ferroptosis plays essential roles in the development of COPD. We aim to identify the potential ferroptosis-related genes of COPD through bioinformatics analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The RNA expression profile dataset GSE148004 was obtained from the GEO database. The ferroptosis-related genes were obtained from the FerrDb database. The potential differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes of COPD were screened by R software. Then, protein-protein interactions (PPI), correlation analysis, gene-ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were applied for the differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes. Finally, hub gene-microRNA(miRNA), hug gene-transcription factor interaction networks were constructed by miRTarBase v8.0 and JASPAR respectively, and hub gene drugs were predicted by the Enrichr database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 41 differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (22 up-regulated genes and 19 down-regulated genes) were identified between 7 COPD patients and 9 healthy controls. The PPI results demonstrated that these ferroptosis-related genes interacted with each other. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes indicated several enriched terms related to ferroptosis, central carbon metabolism in cancer, and the HIF-1 signaling pathway. The crucial miRNAs and drugs associated with the top genes were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified 41 potential ferroptosis-related genes in COPD through bioinformatics analysis. HIF1A, PPARG, and KRAS may affect the development of COPD by regulating ferroptosis. These results may expand our understanding of COPD and might be useful in the treatment of COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"2849-2860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10697092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Could Predict Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation Failure in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Retrospective Observational Study [Corrigendum]","authors":"Wei Sun, Zujin Luo, Jiawei Jin, Zhixin Cao, Yingmin Ma","doi":"10.2147/copd.s452161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s452161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Benefits of Smoking Cessation Improve Respiratory Function and Metabolism in Smokers.","authors":"Aldo Pezzuto, Alberto Ricci, Michela D'Ascanio, Alba Moretta, Giuseppe Tonini, Noemi Calabrò, Valeria Minoia, Alessia Pacini, Giuliana De Paolis, Eleonora Chichi, Elisabetta Carico, Antonella Tammaro","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S423148","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S423148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cigarette smoke exposure is the main preventable cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Airflow limitation is closely associated with smoking exposure. Smoking could also interfere with lipid metabolism.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the respiratory functional and metabolic changes after smoking cessation in smokers in the short term.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients were current smokers. They were assessed by spirometry and questionnaires such as COPD assessment test(CAT), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) test for dyspnea, Fagestrom's test for nicotine dependence. Exhaled CO was detected in order to evaluate smoking exposure and smoking cessation (normal value<7 ppm). A blood sampling was eventually taken for vitamin D and cholesterol assay. All patients underwent therapy with counselling and varenicline as first-line treatment according to its schedule. Detection time: at baseline and one month after smoking cessation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients quit smoking during treatment. The mean age was 62 with a prevalence of males. The analysis revealed the following mean values at baseline: CAT mean score was 15, pack-years 35.5, Fagestrom's Test mean score 5.0. The West's value was 8.5, whereas Body mass index (BMI) was 25.5.Cigarette daily consumption mean value was 22.5. The comparison before and at follow up one month after smoking cessation about functional and metabolic parameters, show us the following results: FEV 1 was increased by 200 mL (p<0.02), FEF 25/75 was improved as well as mMRC test. The eCO was dropped to as low as 8 ppM. Interestingly the vitamin D level was increased from 25 to 28 ng/mL without any support therapy. The cholesterol total level was reduced and CAT value and DLCO were also significantly improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Quit smoking is useful to improve symptoms, respiratory function and metabolic parameters in the short term.</p>","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"2861-2865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10697086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Comorbidity of COPD and Lung Cancer: Research Status and Future Directions","authors":"Hanyu Fang, Tairan Dong, Shanlin Li, Yihan Zhang, Zhuojun Han, Mingfei Liu, Wenjun Dong, Zheng Hong, Min Fu, Hongchun Zhang","doi":"10.2147/copd.s425735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s425735","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"298 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138993810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the GOLD 2023 on Clinical Treatment in Northeast China.","authors":"Jiawei Zhou, Xiaomeng Li, Xiang Li, Na Wang, Xu Cai, Lei Zhang, Chen Li, Wei Wang, Na Yu","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S418971","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S418971","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is distinguished by a gradual decline in airflow, accompanied by a growing load of symptoms and economic consequences. 1 The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines serve as the fundamental framework for directing the diagnosis, treatment, and management of COPD. The most recent significant revision, GOLD 2023, not only modified the disease assessment tool for categorization purposes but also revised the medication recommendations for each group. However, the ramifications of those alterations on the Chinese COPD population remain unexplored and warrant further investigation.","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"2819-2823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10695018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptom Burden of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Attending the Westmead Breathlessness Service: Prevalence, Associations, and Sex-Related Differences.","authors":"Mary Roberts, Tracy Smith, John Wheatley, Jin-Gun Cho","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S433541","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S433541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease resulting in a range of symptoms including breathlessness. \"Symptom burden\" describes the severity and impact of multiple symptoms in an individual and is best quantified using validated symptom instruments but is not routinely measured in clinical practice. Therefore, we wanted to assess overall symptom burden in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD and find associated independent predictors.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A single-centre cross-sectional study of patients with COPD who attended the Westmead Breathlessness Service between March 2017 and May 2022 was conducted. We obtained baseline demographic data, lung function, assessed quality of life (CAT), anxiety/depression (HADS), and measured symptom burden (CMSAS). We compared variables between men and women using unpaired t tests or Mann-Whitney tests for continuous variables, and Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables. We used multiple regression to look for independent predictors of overall symptom burden. Data were analysed using Stata/IC 15.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-nine patients with COPD, mean age 72.6 years, 55% male, mean FEV₁ 32% predicted, reported an average of 8.9 symptoms including 6.9 physical and 1.6 psychological symptoms. The most common physical symptoms were shortness of breath (100%) and lack of energy (80%), and the most common psychological symptoms were worrying (65%) and feeling anxious (61%). Median CMSAS total score was higher in women than men (1.34 versus 1.04, respectively; <i>p</i>=0.03) with more women experiencing nervousness (<i>p</i>=0.011) and anxiety (<i>p</i>=0.005). Female sex (<i>p</i>=0.003), HADS-Anxiety (<i>p</i>=0.0001), and HADS-Depression (<i>p</i>=0.0001) were independently associated with total CMSAS score in a multiple linear regression model and explained 63% of total CMSAS variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Very high physical and psychological symptom burden exists among patients with severe COPD. Anxiety, depression, and female sex were independently associated with increasing symptom burden. Identifying and understanding sex differences for COPD symptoms, and interventions targeting anxiety and depression may help to reduce overall symptom burden within this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"2825-2837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10695132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Symptoms, Disease Burden, and Quality of Life in Australian Adults According to GOLD Spirometry Grades: Data from the BOLD Australia Study.","authors":"Yijun Zhou, Maria R Ampon, Michael J Abramson, Alan L James, Graeme P Maguire, Richard Wood-Baker, David P Johns, Guy B Marks, Helen K Reddel, Brett G Toelle","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S425202","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S425202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Population data on the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are often based on patient-reported diagnoses of COPD, emphysema or chronic bronchitis, without spirometry. We aimed to investigate the relationship between health burden, quality of life and severity of airway obstruction in Australian adults aged ≥40 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the BOLD Australia study, which included randomly selected adults aged ≥40 years from six study sites to reflect the sociodemographic and geographic diversity of the Australian population (n = 3522). Participants with post-bronchodilator airflow limitation (ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second FEV₁ to forced vital capacity <0.7) were grouped by GOLD spirometry grades 1-4. Quality of life was assessed with Short Form 12 (SF-12) Health Survey Questionnaire. Health burden was assessed as lost time off work or social activities, and healthcare utilization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the study sample, 2969 participants did not have airflow limitation, 294 (8.4%) were classified as GOLD Grade 1, 212 (6.0%) as GOLD 2 and 43 (1.2%) as GOLD 3-4. Participants with higher GOLD grades had more respiratory symptoms, more comorbidities and greater burden than those with lower GOLD grades. The scores of mental and physical subscales of SF-12 were lower, indicating worse quality of life, from the no airflow limitation group to the GOLD 3-4 group (P = 0.03 and P < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater airflow limitation is associated with greater burden and poor quality of life. Interventions to prevent, or reduce the level of, airflow limitation will reduce the symptom burden and improve quality of life for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"2839-2847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10695119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}