BiodegradationPub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10058-x
Ermias Gebrekrstos Tesfamariam, Yi-Hao Luo, Chen Zhou, Ming Ye, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown, Bruce E. Rittmann, Youneng Tang
{"title":"Simultaneous biodegradation kinetics of 1,4-dioxane and ethane","authors":"Ermias Gebrekrstos Tesfamariam, Yi-Hao Luo, Chen Zhou, Ming Ye, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown, Bruce E. Rittmann, Youneng Tang","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10058-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10058-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biodegradation of 1,4-Dioxane at environmentally relevant concentrations usually requires the addition of a primary electron-donor substrate to sustain biomass growth. Ethane is a promising substrate, since it is available as a degradation product of 1,4-Dioxane’s common co-contaminants. This study reports kinetic parameters for ethane biodegradation and co-oxidations of ethane and 1,4-Dioxane. Based on experiments combined with mathematical modeling, we found that ethane promoted 1,4-Dioxane biodegradation when the initial mass ratio of ethane:1,4-Dioxane was < 9:1 mg COD/mg COD, while it inhibited 1,4-Dioxane degradation when the ratio was > 9:1. A model-independent estimator was used for kinetic-parameter estimation, and all parameter values for 1,4-Dioxane were consistent with literature-reported ranges. Estimated parameters support competitive inhibition between ethane as the primary substrate and 1,4-Dioxane as the secondary substrate. The results also support that bacteria that co-oxidize ethane and 1,4-Dioxane had a competitive advantage over bacteria that can use only one of the two substrates. The minimum concentration of ethane to sustain ethane-oxidizing bacteria and ethane and 1,4-Dioxane-co-oxidizing bacteria was 0.09 mg COD/L, which is approximately 20-fold lower than the minimum concentration reported for propane, another common substrate used to promote 1,4-Dioxane biodegradation. The minimum 1,4-Dioxane concentration required to sustain steady-state biomass with 1,4-Dioxane as the sole primary substrate was 1.3 mg COD/L. As 1,4-Dioxane concentrations at most groundwater sites are less than 0.18 mg COD/L, providing ethane as a primary substrate is vital to support biomass growth and consequently enable 1,4-Dioxane bioremediation.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 4","pages":"371 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10057-y
Fei Dou, Yundang Wu, Jibing Li, Chuanping Liu
{"title":"Differences among active toluene-degrading microbial communities in farmland soils with different levels of heavy metal pollution","authors":"Fei Dou, Yundang Wu, Jibing Li, Chuanping Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10057-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10057-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metals can severely influence the mineralisation of organic pollutants in a compound-polluted environment. However, to date, no study has focused on the effects of heavy metals on the active organic pollutant-degrading microbial communities to understand the bioremediation mechanism. In this study, toluene was used as the model organic pollutant to explore the effects of soils with different levels of heavy metal pollution on organic contaminant degradation in the same area via stable isotope probing (SIP) and 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Heavy metals can seriously affect toluene biodegradation and regulate the abundance and diversity of microbial communities. SIP revealed a drastic difference in the community structure of active toluene degraders between the unpolluted and heavy metal-polluted soils. All SIP-identified degraders were assigned to nine bacterial classes, among which Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Bacilli were shared by both treatments. Among all active degraders, <i>Nitrospira</i>, <i>Nocardioides</i>, <i>Conexibacteraceae</i>, and <i>Singulisphaera</i> were linked to toluene biodegradation for the first time. Notably, the type of active degrader and microbial diversity were strongly related to biodegradation efficiency, indicating their key role in toluene biodegradation. Overall, heavy metals can affect the microbial diversity and alter the functional microbial communities in soil, thereby influencing the removal efficiency of organic contaminants. Our findings provide novel insights into the biodegradation mechanism of organic pollutants in heavy metal-polluted soils and highlight the biodiversity of microbes involved in toluene biodegradation in compound-polluted environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Degradation of multiple PAHs and co-contaminants by microbial consortia and their toxicity assessment","authors":"Arfin Imam, Sunil Kumar Suman, Sonpal Vasavdutta, Shruti Chatterjee, Bhanu Prasad Vempatapu, Anjan Ray, Pankaj K. Kanaujia","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10055-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10055-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The anthropogenic activities toward meeting the energy requirements have resulted in an alarming rise in environmental pollution levels. Among pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most predominant due to their persistent and toxic nature. Amidst the several pollutants depuration methods, bioremediation utilizing biodegradation is the most viable alternative. This study investigated the biodegradation efficacy using developed microbial consortium PBR-21 for 2–4 ringed PAHs named naphthalene (NAP), anthracene (ANT), fluorene (FLU), and pyrene (PYR). The removal efficiency was observed up to 100 ± 0.0%, 70.26 ± 4.2%, 64.23 ± 2.3%, and 61.50 ± 2.6%, respectively, for initial concentrations of 400 mg L<sup>−1</sup> for NAP, ANT, FLU, and PYR respectively. Degradation followed first-order kinetics with rate constants of 0.39 d<sup>−1</sup>, 0.10 d<sup>−1</sup>, 0.08 d<sup>−1</sup>, and 0.07 d<sup>−1</sup> and half-life <span>(left({t}_{1/2}right))</span> of 1.8 h, 7.2 h, 8.5 h, and 10 h, respectively. The microbial consortia were found to be efficient towards the co-contaminants with 1 mM concentration. Toxicity examination indicated that microbial-treated PAHs resulted in lesser toxicity in aquatic crustaceans (<i>Artemia salina</i>) than untreated PAHs. Also, the study suggests that indigenous microbial consortia PBR-21 has the potential to be used in the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated environment.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41104203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10054-1
Reza Rezaei, Ali Ahmad Aghapour, Hassan Khorsandi
{"title":"Correction: Investigating the biological degradation of the drug β-blocker atenolol from wastewater using the SBR","authors":"Reza Rezaei, Ali Ahmad Aghapour, Hassan Khorsandi","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10054-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10054-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 1","pages":"115 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10258222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioaugmentation: an approach to biological treatment of pollutants","authors":"Dixita Chettri, Ashwani Kumar Verma, Anil Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10050-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10050-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Industrial development and the associated generation of waste requires attention for their management, treatment, and reduction without further degrading the quality of life. Microbes and plant-based bioremediation approaches are some of the sustainable strategies for the biodegradation of harmful pollutants instead of chemical-based treatment. Bioaugmentation is one such approach where microbial strains with the ability to degrade the targeted pollutant are introduced in a polluted environment. Harnessing of microbes from various locations, especially from the site of contamination (indigenous microbes), followed by optimization of the strains, inoculum size, media, and genetic engineering of the microbes along with a combination of strategies such as bio stimulation, phytoremediation is being applied to increase the efficiency of bioaugmentation. Further, bioaugmentation is influenced by various factors such as temperature, the composition of the pollutant, and microbial inoculum which needs to be considered for maximum efficiency of the treatment process. It has numerous advantages such as low cost, sustainability, and easy handling of the contaminants however, the major limitation of bioaugmentation is to increase the survival rate of the microbes involved in remediation for a longer duration in such a highly toxic environment. The review discusses these various aspects of bioaugmentation in brief for its large-scale implementation to address the global issue of pollution and environment management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10190940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10048-z
Ruth Amanna, Sudip K. Rakshit
{"title":"Review of nomenclature and methods of analysis of polyethylene terephthalic acid hydrolyzing enzymes activity","authors":"Ruth Amanna, Sudip K. Rakshit","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10048-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10048-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalic acid (PET) has been gaining increasing importance. This has resulted in a significant increase in the search for newer enzymes and the development of more efficient enzyme-based systems. Due to the lack of a standard screening process, screening new enzymes has relied on other assays to determine the presence of esterase activity. This, in turn, has led to various nomenclatures and methods used to describe them and measure their activity. Since all PET-hydrolyzing enzymes are α/β hydrolases, they catalyze a serine nucleophilic attack and cleave an ester bond. They are lipases, esterases, cutinases and hydrolases. This has been used interchangeably, leading to difficulties while comparing results and evaluating progress. This review discusses the varied enzyme nomenclature being adapted, the different assays and analysis methods reported, and the strategies used to increase PET-hydrolyzing enzyme efficiency. A section on the various ways to quantify PET hydrolysis is also covered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 4","pages":"341 - 360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10188202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10052-3
Anusree Nalladiyil, P. Sughosh, G. L. Sivakumar Babu, Sreenivasan Ramaswami
{"title":"Landfill leachate treatment using fungi and fungal enzymes: a review","authors":"Anusree Nalladiyil, P. Sughosh, G. L. Sivakumar Babu, Sreenivasan Ramaswami","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10052-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10052-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Landfill leachate raises a huge risk to human health and the environment as it contains a high concentration of organic and inorganic contaminants, heavy metals, ammonia, and refractory substances. Among leachate treatment techniques, the biological methods are more environmentally benign and less expensive than the physical–chemical treatment methods. Over the last few years, fungal-based treatment processes have become popular due to their ability to produce powerful oxidative enzymes like peroxidases and laccases. Fungi have shown better removal efficiency in terms of color, ammonia, and COD. However, their use in the treatment of leachate is relatively recent and still needs to be investigated. This review article assesses the potential of fungi and fungal-derived enzymes in treating landfill leachate. The review also compares different enzymes involved in the fungal catabolism of organic pollutants and the enzyme degradation mechanisms. The effect of parameters like pH, temperature, contact time, dosage variation, heavy metals and ammonia are discussed. The paper also explores the reactor configuration used in the fungal treatment and the techniques used to improve leachate treatment efficacy, like pretreatment and fungi immobilisation. Finally, the review summarises the limitations and the future direction of work required to adapt the fungal application for leachate treatment on a large scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10181128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10053-2
Somanjana Khatua, Jesus Simal-Gandara, Krishnendu Acharya
{"title":"Myco-remediation of plastic pollution: current knowledge and future prospects","authors":"Somanjana Khatua, Jesus Simal-Gandara, Krishnendu Acharya","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10053-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10053-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To date, enumerable fungi have been reported to participate in the biodegradation of several notorious plastic materials following their isolation from soil of plastic-dumping sites, marine water, waste of mulch films, landfills, plant parts and gut of wax moth. The general mechanism begins with formation of hydrophobin and biofilm proceding to secretion of specific plastic degarding enzymes (peroxidase, hydrolase, protease and urease), penetration of three dimensional substrates and mineralization of plastic polymers into harmless products. As a result, several synthetic polymers including polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and/or bio-degradable plastics have been validated to deteriorate within months through the action of a wide variety of fungal strains predominantly Ascomycota (<i>Alternaria</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i>, <i>Cladosporium</i>, <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Penicillium</i> spp.). Understanding the potential and mode of operation of these organisms is thus of prime importance inspiring us to furnish an up to date view on all the presently known fungal strains claimed to mitigate the plastic waste problem. Future research henceforth needs to be directed towards metagenomic approach to distinguish polymer degrading microbial diversity followed by bio-augmentation to build fascinating future of waste disposal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10950981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10144584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10047-0
Purbasha Saha, Kokati Venkata Bhaskara Rao
{"title":"Biodegradation of commercial textile reactive dye mixtures by industrial effluent adapted bacterial consortium VITPBC6: a potential technique for treating textile effluents","authors":"Purbasha Saha, Kokati Venkata Bhaskara Rao","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10047-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10047-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Textile industries release major fraction of dyestuffs in effluents leading to a major environmental concern. These effluents often contain more than one dyestuff, which complicates dye degradation. In this study ten reactive dyes (Reactive Yellow 145, Reactive Yellow 160, Reactive Orange 16, Reactive Orange 107, Reactive Red 195, Reactive Blue 21, Reactive Blue 198, Reactive Blue 221, Reactive Blue 250, and Reactive Black 5) that are used in textile industries were subjected to biodegradation by a bacterial consortium VITPBC6, formulated in our previous study. Consortium VITPBC6 caused single dye degradation of all the mentioned dyes except for Reactive Yellow 160. Further, VITPBC6 efficiently degraded a five-dye mixture (Reactive Red 195, Reactive Orange 16, Reactive Black 5, Reactive Blue 221, and Reactive Blue 250). Kinetic studies revealed that the five-dye mixture was decolorized by VITPBC6 following zero order reaction kinetic; V<sub>max</sub> and K<sub>m</sub> values of the enzyme catalyzed five-dye decolorization were 128.88 mg L<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> and 1003.226 mg L<sup>−1</sup> respectively. VITPBC6 degraded the dye mixture into delta-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohexene, sulfuric acid, 1,2-dichloroethane, and hydroxyphenoxyethylaminohydroxypropanol. Phytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity, microtoxicity, and biotoxicity assays conducted with the biodegraded metabolites revealed that VITPBC6 lowered the toxicity of five-dye mixture significantly after biodegradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10503043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Purification and characterization of extracellular PHB depolymerase enzyme from Aeromonas caviae Kuk1-(34) and their biodegradation studies with polymer films","authors":"Mohd. Amir, Naushin Bano, Anamika Gupta, Mohd. Rehan Zaheer, Roohi","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10051-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10051-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>PHB depolymerase enzymes are able to breakdown the PHB polymers and thereby get significant economic value in the bioplastics industry and for bioremediation as well. This study shows the purification of novel extracellular PHB depolymerase enzyme from <i>Aeromonas caviae</i> Kuk1-(34) using dialysis followed by gel filtration and HPLC. The purification fold and yield after HPLC were 45.92 and 27.04%, respectively. HPLC data showed a single peak with a retention time of 1.937 min. GC-MS analysis reveals the presence of three compounds, of which 1-Dodecanol was found to be most significant with 54.48% area and 8.623-min retention time (RT). The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was obtained as 35 kDa with K<sub>m</sub> and apparent V<sub>max</sub> values of 0.769 mg/mL and 1.89 U/mL, respectively. The enzyme was moderately active at an optimum temperature of 35 °C and at pH 8.0. The stability was detected at pH 7.0–9.0 and 35–45 °C. Complete activity loss was observed with EDTA, SDS, Tween-20 at 5 mM and with 0.1% Triton X 100. A biodegradation study of commercially available biodegradable polymer films was carried out in a liquid medium and in soil separately with pure microbial culture and with purified enzyme for 7, 14, 28, and 49 consecutive days. In a liquid medium, with a pure strain of <i>Aeromonas caviae</i> Kuk1-(34), the maximum degradation (89%) was achieved on the PHB film, while no changes were observed with other polymer films. With purified enzyme in the soil, 71% degradation of the PHB film was noticed, and it was only 18% in the liquid medium. All such weight analysis were confirmed by SEM images where several holes, pits, grooves, crest, and surface roughness are clearly observed. Our results demonstrated the potential utility of <i>Aeromonas caviae</i> Kuk1-(34) as a source of extracellular PHB depolymerase capable of degrading PHB under a wide range of natural/ lab conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10440243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}