BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10075-4
Jingjing Wang, Zhihao Wang, Chao Liu, Meijie Song, Qianqian Xu, Yang Liu, Hai Yan
{"title":"Genome analysis of a newly isolated Bacillus velezensis-YW01 for biodegrading acetaldehyde","authors":"Jingjing Wang, Zhihao Wang, Chao Liu, Meijie Song, Qianqian Xu, Yang Liu, Hai Yan","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10075-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-024-10075-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acetaldehyde (AL), a primary carcinogen, not only pollutes the environment, but also endangers human health after drinking alcohol. Here a promising bacterial strain was successfully isolated from a white wine cellar pool in the province of Shandong, China, and identified as <i>Bacillus velezensis</i>-YW01 with 16 S rDNA sequence. Using AL as sole carbon source, initial AL of 1 g/L could be completely biodegraded by YW01 within 84 h and the cell-free extracts of YW01 has also been detected to biodegrade the AL, which indicate that YW01 is a high-potential strain for the biodegradation of AL. The optimal culture conditions and the biodegradation of AL of YW01 are at pH 7.0 and 38 °C, respectively. To further analyze the biodegradation mechanism of AL, the whole genome of YW01 was sequenced. Genes ORF1040, ORF1814 and ORF0127 were revealed in KEGG, which encode for acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Furthermore, ORF0881 and ORF052 encode for ethanol dehydrogenase. This work provides valuable information for exploring metabolic pathway of converting ethanol to AL and subsequently converting AL to carboxylic acid compounds, which opened up potential pathways for the development of microbial catalyst against AL.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"539 - 549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phenol biodegradation using bio-filter tower packed column with immobilized bacterial consortium: a batch test study","authors":"Preeti Sachan, Athar Hussain, Sangeeta Madan, Utkarsh Singh, Manjeeta Priyadarshi","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10074-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-024-10074-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effluents from pulp and paper manufacturing industries contain high concentrations of phenol, which when discharged directly into surface water streams, increases the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study, two dominant bacteria SP-4 and SP-8 were isolated from the effluent emanating with a pulp and paper industry. The selected phenol-degrading isolates were identified as <i>Staphylococcus </i>sp.<i> and Staphylococcus sciuri</i> respectively by using nucleotide sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of 16 S rRNA regions of the genome. The two isolates used for the biodegradation process effectively degraded phenol concentration of pulp and paper industry effluent upto 1600 and 1800 mg/L resepctively. The individual isolates and consortium were immobilized using activated carbon, wood dust, and coal ash. Additionally, the effluent was treated using a bio-filter tower packed column immobilized with bacterial cells at a constant flow rate of 5 mL/min. The present study showed that the developed immobilized microbial consortium can effectively degrade 99% of the phenol present in pulp and paper industry effluents, resulting in a significant reduction in BOD and COD of the system. This study can be well implemented on real-scale systems as the bio-filter towers packed with immobilized bacterial consortium can effectively treat phenol concentrations up to 1800 mg/L. The study can be implemented for bioremediation processes in phenolic wastewater-contaminated sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"739 - 753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140292340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10076-3
Yan Wang, Qi Guan, Wenhui Jiao, Jiangbo Li, Rui Zhao, Xiqian Zhang, Weixin Fan, Chunwei Wang
{"title":"Isolation, identification and transcriptome analysis of triadimefon-degrading strain Enterobacter hormaechei TY18","authors":"Yan Wang, Qi Guan, Wenhui Jiao, Jiangbo Li, Rui Zhao, Xiqian Zhang, Weixin Fan, Chunwei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10076-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-024-10076-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Triadimefon, a type of triazole systemic fungicide, has been extensively used to control various fungal diseases. However, triadimefon could lead to severe environmental pollution, and even threatens human health. To eliminate triadimefon residues, a triadimefon-degrading bacterial strain TY18 was isolated from a long-term polluted site and was identified as <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i>. Strain TY18 could grow well in a carbon salt medium with triadimefon as the sole nitrogen source, and could efficiently degrade triadimefon. Under triadimefon stress, a total of 430 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 197 up-regulated and 233 down-regulated DEGs, were identified in strain TY18 using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq). Functional classification and enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly related to amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, small molecule and pyrimidine metabolism. Interestingly, the DEGs encoding monooxygenase and hydrolase activity acting on carbon–nitrogen were highly up-regulated, might be mainly responsible for the metabolism in triadimefon. Our findings in this work suggest that strain <i>E. hormaechei</i> TY18 could efficiently degrade triadimefon for the first time. They provide a great potential to manage triadimefon biodegradation in the environment successfully.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"551 - 564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140292339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10072-7
Simon Weber
{"title":"Modeling key intermediates during anaerobic digestion of lipid rich kitchen waste with an extended ADM1","authors":"Simon Weber","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10072-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-024-10072-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantitative dynamics of the key intermediates, gases and carbohydrates during anaerobic digestion of different lipid rich kitchen waste and lipid rich model kitchen waste were modeled. Six batch reactors loaded with 25 g<span>(_text {VS})</span> l<span>(^{-1})</span> (<span>(sim)</span>39 <span>({textrm{g}{_text {O}}{_{2}}})</span> l<span>(^{-1})</span>) kitchen waste and model kitchen waste during a batch experiment were considered in simulation. Observed dynamics of carbohydrates, volatile organic acids and gases were described by an extended benchmark simulation model no. 2 (BSM2). In this study the extended BSM2 included a more detailed <span>(beta)</span>-oxidation for prediction of caproic acid. Furthermore, the extensions included carbohydrate digestion with an additional intermediate before propionic acid was released. In addition, a novel simplification approach for initial pH estimation was successfully applied. For parameter estimation a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method was used to obtain parameter distributions. With the presented model it was possible even with no calibrated data to predict point of times of intermediates maxima and propionic acid with relative stable concentration over several days for kitchen waste.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"701 - 717"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10073-6
Emmeline D’Incau, Stéphanie Ouvrard, Marion Devers-Lamrani, Carole Jeandel, Chems Eddine Mohamed, Sonia Henry
{"title":"Biodegradation of a complex hydrocarbon mixture and biosurfactant production by Burkholderia thailandensis E264 and an adapted microbial consortium","authors":"Emmeline D’Incau, Stéphanie Ouvrard, Marion Devers-Lamrani, Carole Jeandel, Chems Eddine Mohamed, Sonia Henry","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10073-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-024-10073-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bioremediation is considered to be an effective treatment for hydrocarbon removal from polluted soils. However, the effectiveness of this treatment is often limited by the low availability of targeted contaminants. Biosurfactants produced by some microorganisms can increase organic compound solubility and might then overcome this limitation. Two different inocula producers of biosurfactants (<i>Burkholderia thailandensis</i> E264 and SHEMS1 microbial consortium isolated from a hydrocarbon-contaminated soil) were incubated in Bushnell-Haas medium supplemented with hydrocarbons to investigate their biodegradation potential. Experimental results showed their ability to degrade 9.1 and 6.1% of hydrocarbons respectively after 65 days of incubation with an initial total hydrocarbon concentration of 16 g L<sup>−1</sup>. The biodegradation was more effective for the light and medium fractions (C10 to C36). <i>B. thailandensis</i> and SHEMS1 consortium produced surfactants after 14 days of culture during the stationary phase with hydrocarbons as the sole carbon and energy source. However, biosurfactant production did not appear to directly increase hydrocarbon degradation efficiency. The complexity and recalcitrance of hydrocarbon mixture used in this study appeared to continue to limit its biodegradation even in the presence of biosurfactants. In conclusion, <i>B. thailandensis</i> and SHEMS1 consortium can degrade recalcitrant hydrocarbon compounds and are therefore good candidates for the bioremediation of environments polluted by total hydrocarbons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"719 - 737"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10070-9
Pallavi Srivastava, Joel Saji, Natesan Manickam
{"title":"Biodegradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by Brucella intermedia IITR130 and its proposed metabolic pathway","authors":"Pallavi Srivastava, Joel Saji, Natesan Manickam","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10070-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-024-10070-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accumulation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyester in ecosystems across the globe is a major pollution of concern. Microbial degradation recently generated novel insights into the biodegradation of varieties of plastics. In this study, a PET degrading bacterium <i>Brucella intermedia</i> IITR130 was isolated from a contaminated lake ecosystem at Pallikaranai, Chennai, India. Incubation of the bacterium along with the PET sheet (0.1 mm thickness) for 60 days resulted in 26.06% degradation, indicating a half-life of 137.8 days. Considerable changes in the surface morphology of the PET sheet were found as holes, pits, and cracks on incubation with strain IITR130, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After bacterial treatment of PET, the formation of new functional groups, most notably in the area of 3326 cm<sup>−1</sup> suggestive of O–H stretch, leading to carboxylic acid and alcohol as products were suggested by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Monomethyl terephthalate (MMT) and terephthalic acid (TPA) were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis as PET degradation metabolites. Tributyrin clearance assay confirmed the presence of a lipase/esterase enzyme in the strain IITR130. In this study, a degradation pathway for PET by an isolated and identified bacterium <i>Brucella intermedia</i> IITR130 was characterized in detail.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"671 - 685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140064664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10071-8
Rupal Singh Tomar, Prabha Rai-Kalal, Anjana Jajoo
{"title":"Enhancing bioremediation potential of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus acutus by NaCl for pyrene degradation","authors":"Rupal Singh Tomar, Prabha Rai-Kalal, Anjana Jajoo","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10071-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-024-10071-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microalgae are increasingly recognized as promising organisms for bioremediation of organic pollutants. This study investigates the potential of enhancing the bioremediation efficiency of pyrene (PYR), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), through NaCl induced physiological and biochemical alterations in two microalgae species, <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Scenedesmus acutus</i>. Our findings reveal significant improvement in PYR removal when these microalgae were cultivated in the presence of 0.1% NaCl where PYR removal increased from 54 to 74% for <i>C. vulgaris</i> and from 26 to 75% for <i>S. acutus</i>. However, it was observed that NaCl induced stress had varying effects on the two species. While <i>C. vulgaris</i> exhibited increased PYR removal, it experienced reduced growth and biomass production, as well as lower photosynthetic efficiency when exposed to PYR and PYR + NaCl. In contrast, <i>S. acutus</i> displayed better growth and biomass accumulation under PYR + NaCl conditions, making it a more efficient candidate for enhancing PYR bioremediation in the presence of NaCl. In addition to assessing growth and biochemical content, we also investigated stress biomarkers, such as lipid peroxidation, polyphenol and proline contents. These findings suggest that <i>S. acutus</i> holds promise as an alternative microalgae species for PYR removal in the presence of NaCl, offering potential advantages in terms of bioremediation efficiency and ecological sustainability. This study highlights the importance of understanding the physiological and biochemical responses of microalgae to environmental stressors, which can be harnessed to optimize bioremediation strategies for the removal of organic pollutants like PYR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"687 - 699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10067-w
Reshmi Sasi, Suchithra Tharamel Vasu
{"title":"Batch-mode degradation of high-strength phenolic pollutants by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain STV1713 immobilized on single and hybrid matrices","authors":"Reshmi Sasi, Suchithra Tharamel Vasu","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10067-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10067-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Controlled environments are pivotal in all bioconversion processes, influencing the efficacy of biocatalysts. In this study, we designed a batch bioreactor system with a packed immobilization column and a decontamination chamber to enhance phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol degradation using the hyper-tolerant bacterium <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> STV1713. When free cells were employed to degrade phenol and 2,4-DCP at a concentration of 1000 mg/L, the cells completely removed the pollutants within 28 h and 66 h, respectively. Simultaneous reductions in chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand were observed (phenol: 30.21 mg/L/h and 16.92 mg/L/h, respectively; 2,4-dichlorophenol: 12.85 mg/L/h and 7.21 mg/L/h, respectively). After assessing the degradation capabilities, the bacterium was immobilized on various matrices (sodium alginate, alginate-chitosan-alginate and polyvinyl alcohol-alginate) to enhance pollutant removal. Hybrid immobilized cells exhibited greater tolerance and degradation capabilities than those immobilized in a single matrix. Among them, polyvinyl alcohol-alginate immobilized cells displayed the highest degradation capacities (up to 2000 mg/L for phenol and 2500 mg/L for 2,4-dichlorophenol). Morphological analysis of the immobilized cells revealed enhanced cell preservation in hybrid matrices. Furthermore, the elucidation of the metabolic pathway through the catechol dioxygenase enzyme assay indicated higher activity of the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase enzyme, suggesting that the bacterium employed an ortho-degradation mechanism for pollutant removal. Additionally, enzyme zymography confirmed the presence of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, with the molecular weight of the enzyme determined as 245 kDa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 4","pages":"423 - 438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139679780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10068-9
G. Corti Monzón, G. Bertola, M. K. Herrera Seitz, S. E. Murialdo
{"title":"Exploring polyhydroxyalkanoates biosynthesis using hydrocarbons as carbon source: a comprehensive review","authors":"G. Corti Monzón, G. Bertola, M. K. Herrera Seitz, S. E. Murialdo","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10068-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10068-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental pollution caused by petrochemical hydrocarbons (HC) and plastic waste is a pressing global challenge. However, there is a promising solution in the form of bacteria that possess the ability to degrade HC, making them valuable tools for remediating contaminated environments and effluents. Moreover, some of these bacteria offer far-reaching potential beyond bioremediation, as they can also be utilized to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a common type of bioplastics. The accumulation of PHAs in bacterial cells is facilitated in environments with high C/N or C/P ratio, which are often found in HC-contaminated environments and effluents. Consequently, some HC-degrading bacteria can be employed to simultaneously produce PHAs and conduct biodegradation processes. Although bacterial bioplastic production has been thoroughly studied, production costs are still too high compared to petroleum-derived plastics. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent scientific advancements concerning the capacity of HC-degrading bacteria to produce PHAs. It will delve into the microbial strains involved and the types of bioplastics generated, as well as the primary pathways for HC biodegradation and PHAs production. In essence, we propose the potential utilization of HC-degrading bacteria as a versatile tool to tackle two major environmental challenges: HC pollution and the accumulation of plastic waste. Through a comprehensive analysis of strengths and weaknesses in this aspect, this review aims to pave the way for future research in this area, with the goal of facilitating and promoting investigation in a field where obtaining PHAs from HC remains a costly and challenging process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"519 - 538"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139679768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiodegradationPub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10062-1
Ayesha Safdar, Fatima Ismail, Maryem Safdar, Muhammad Imran
{"title":"Eco-friendly approaches for mitigating plastic pollution: advancements and implications for a greener future","authors":"Ayesha Safdar, Fatima Ismail, Maryem Safdar, Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10062-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10062-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic pollution has become a global problem since the extensive use of plastic in industries such as packaging, electronics, manufacturing and construction, healthcare, transportation, and others. This has resulted in an environmental burden that is continually growing, which has inspired many scientists as well as environmentalists to come up with creative solutions to deal with this problem. Numerous studies have been reviewed to determine practical, affordable, and environmentally friendly solutions to regulate plastic waste by leveraging microbes’ innate abilities to naturally decompose polymers. Enzymatic breakdown of plastics has been proposed to serve this goal since the discovery of enzymes from microbial sources that truly interact with plastic in its naturalistic environment and because it is a much faster and more effective method than others. The scope of diverse microbes and associated enzymes in polymer breakdown is highlighted in the current review. The use of co-cultures or microbial consortium-based techniques for the improved breakdown of plastic products and the generation of high-value end products that may be utilized as prototypes of bioenergy sources is highlighted. The review also offers a thorough overview of the developments in the microbiological and enzymatic biological degradation of plastics, as well as several elements that impact this process for the survival of our planet.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"35 5","pages":"493 - 518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139679782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}