High Voltage最新文献

{"title":"Study on thermal cycling ageing resistance of performances of polypropylene/elastomer/boron nitride nanocomposites for high voltage direct current cable insulation","authors":"Jing Li,&nbsp;Yu Gao,&nbsp;Zheng Song,&nbsp;Baixin Liu,&nbsp;Chenyi Guo,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Junguo Gao,&nbsp;Boxue Du","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12429","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12429","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influences of thermal cycling ageing on structures and insulation performances of polypropylene (PP)/elastomer/boron nitride (BN) nanocomposites are investigated. The Melt blending method was used to prepare the nanocomposites, in which propylene-based elastomer (PBE) or ethylene-octene copolymer elastomer (EOC) was contained for comparison. Then, the samples were treated using a thermal cycling process with a temperature range from −30 to 150°C, and the number of thermal cycles was set from 0 to 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction measurements were taken to facilitate the comprehension of structural changes. Additionally, measurements were taken to assess the trap distribution and direct current (DC) breakdown strength of the samples. The obtained results revealed that following thermal cycling ageing, the morphology and crystallinity of PP/PBE/BN remained almost unchanged. In contrast, PP/EOC/BN exhibited substantial microstructural damage accompanied by a significant reduction in crystallinity. As the number of thermal cycles increased, the trap level and DC breakdown strength of PP/PBE/BN were maintained at high levels, while those of PP/EOC/BN initially remained stable but then experienced a sharp decline. It is suggested that the addition of BN nanoparticles enhances the thermal cycling ageing resistance of the PP/PBE blend, whereas it weakens this resistance of the PP/EOC blend.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 3","pages":"556-565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12429","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140219969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas production analysis for the buffer layer of high-voltage cross-linked polyethylene cables","authors":"Wenqing Zhou,&nbsp;Licheng Li,&nbsp;Hao Cheng,&nbsp;Xun Wu,&nbsp;Gang Liu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12430","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12430","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cross-linked polyethylene insulated cables with corrugated aluminium-sheathed are widely used in urban power systems. Recently, a new type of power cable fault has emerged, primarily due to defects in the buffer layer. However, there is a notable lack of effective evaluation methods for these defects in high-voltage (HV) cables. Initially, a theoretical analysis of the gas generation mechanism in the cable buffer layer was conducted, identifying distinct gas products at different stages. Subsequently, the diffusion kinetics of gas within the cable was studied, highlighting the importance of gas in determining the state of the buffer layer. The authors then collected and analysed 60 sets of buffer layer gases from two operational 110 kV HV cables using gas chromatography technology. Combining these results with the findings from on-site inspections, the characteristic gas components and concentration distribution under various defect conditions were summarised. The results found higher concentrations of CH₄ in normal cables and defective cables, while there are higher concentrations of H₂, CO and CO₂ in defective cables, and the oxygen content decreases. The discoveries made in this research may offer a new approach for assessing the state of the cable buffer layer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 5","pages":"1149-1158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated thermal ageing on performance of polypropylene-based semiconducting screen for high voltage direct current cable applications—Effect of antioxidants","authors":"Haitian Wang,&nbsp;Yi Luo,&nbsp;Mingyu Zhou,&nbsp;Xintong Ren,&nbsp;George Chen","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12415","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12415","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The potential of using eco-friendly thermoplastic polypropylene (PP)-based insulation for high voltage direct current (HVDC) cable has been widely investigated but much less work on the PP-based semiconducting screen (SC). Considering a long service life (&gt;30 years) under high temperature and high electrical stress is required for typical HVDC cables, and investigations on the effect of antioxidant (AO) concentration and thermal oxidative stability, mechanical, and electrical properties of PP-based SCs have been conducted. It has been demonstrated that an appropriate combination and amounts of AOs are critical for achieving high thermal stability and maintaining the mechanical properties of SC after ageing in a harsh environment (150°C, with Cu, in air, 7 days). Although higher amounts of space charges have been observed in SC/PP/SC samples with higher AO concentrations, the impact on space charge behaviours is less after ageing, suggesting that ageing (or operating at high temperature) leads to microstructure evolution in SC and can potentially mitigate space accumulation in PP-based insulating materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 2","pages":"410-418"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on moisture absorption characteristics of glass fibre-reinforced epoxy resin material for composite insulators based on the 3D-Fick model","authors":"Yuming Zhang,&nbsp;Yunpeng Liu,&nbsp;Sizu Hou,&nbsp;Jianghai Geng,&nbsp;Ping Wang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12433","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12433","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Long-term exposure to moisture leads to a gradual deterioration of performance and reduced service life of glass fibre-reinforced epoxy resin (GFRP) material in composite insulators. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the moisture absorption characteristics of GFRP material and the evolution of damage to their internal interface properties. Moisture absorption tests on GFRP rod material used in composite insulators to obtain their three-dimensional diffusion coefficients are conducted. Atomic force microscopy was then employed to obtain the composite material system's fibre/matrix interfacial phase parameters. Furthermore, a finite element model incorporating representative volume elements with interfacial phases and a mesoscale transient moisture absorption finite element model for the composite material was established. Finally, the moisture absorption characteristics of GFRP material and the evolution of damage to the interfacial phase under thermal-humidity cycling conditions were investigated. The results showed that the diffusion coefficient along the fibre direction in GFRP material was higher than that in the perpendicular direction. The moisture diffusion finite element model, incorporating an anisotropic interfacial phase, fitted the anisotropic diffusion coefficients of GFRP material more accurately. As moisture invaded the GFRP material, the mismatch stresses continuously increased during the moisture absorption. Moreover, the non-uniform arrangement of fibres resulted in uneven distribution of moisture-induced stresses inside the material, leading to higher mismatch stresses in areas with dense fibre arrangements in the matrix. Prolonged high and low humidity cycles led to the development of micro-cracks, micro-porosity, and interface debonding along the fibre direction at the GFRP material interfaces, thereby affecting the anisotropic moisture absorption characteristics of the material. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the deterioration of GFRP material in composite insulator rods due to moisture degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 4","pages":"888-901"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12433","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parallel multi-rate simulation scheme for modular multilevel converter-based high-voltage direct current with accurate simulation of high-frequency characteristics and field programmable gate array-based implementation","authors":"Chongru Liu,&nbsp;Yanqi Hou,&nbsp;Haoyun Dong,&nbsp;Yipeng Lv,&nbsp;Xinyan Wang,&nbsp;Chenbo Su","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12418","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12418","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The real-time simulation of the modular multilevel converter-based high-voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) transmission system has become a popular research topic. However, in order to meet the real-time performance, the real-time simulation technology will cause additional simulation errors for MMC-HVDC, especially on its frequency characteristics. Therefore, a parallel multi-rate simulation scheme for MMC-HVDC is developed in this work to ensure accurate simulation of high-frequency characteristics. Firstly, a non-error method based on converter transformer decoupling is proposed to decouple the converter and alternating current system; direct current transmission line decoupling and arm decoupling methods are used to achieve decoupling among and within converters. A multi-rate data synchronous mechanism is established by considering the differences among high-frequency characteristics caused by delayed data interaction. Secondly, the computing architectures of the primary system solver and modular multilevel converter controller are designed based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The real-time simulation platform for a four-terminal true bipolar MMC-HVDC is constructed based on the FPGA array. Thirdly, the factors in multi-rate simulation affecting the simulation accuracy of high-frequency characteristics are analysed. The simulator is shown to be accurate in steady and dynamic states. The authors also verify its applicability for further research on high-frequency resonance based on control experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 1","pages":"17-31"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure-ionisation potential relationship analysis for understanding the molecular ionisation difference of natural esters during the impulse discharge via DFT calculation","authors":"Jingwen Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Hao,&nbsp;Wenyu Ye,&nbsp;Junyi Zhang,&nbsp;Ruijin Liao","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12428","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12428","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the impulse discharge behaviour of natural ester (NE) is crucial for its safe application in high-voltage transformers. The ionisation potential (IP) of triglycerides plays a significant role in the process of molecular ionisation during impulse discharge for NE. The correlation coefficients between molecular size, frontier orbital, electrostatic potential, polarity, and IP were analysed. And the quantitative microstructure-IP model for triglycerides were built, which revealed that IP is strongly related to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy <i>E</i>_HM, as well as the average value of positive electrostatic potential <i>V</i>_p(+), the average value of negative electrostatic potential <i>V</i>_p(−), and the surface area of negative electrostatic potential <i>S</i>(−). The HOMO and negative electrostatic potentials of saturated triglycerides are predominantly linked to the carbonyl O atoms. Conversely, in unsaturated triglycerides, the influence of C=C double bonds on HOMO and negative electrostatic potentials is more pronounced. Therefore, the IP of unsaturated NE with C=C bonds is lower than that of saturated NE, rendering it more susceptible to ionisation under a strong electric field which is unfavourable for impulse breakdown voltage. The structure-property correlation analysis is valuable for understanding ionisation mechanism during the impulse discharge breakdown of NE at the microscopic level.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 4","pages":"920-929"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy harvesting technology for AC overhead insulated transmission line based on electric field induction","authors":"Le Zhou,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu,&nbsp;Kun Zuo,&nbsp;Kuo Shang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12425","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To solve the problem of the energy harvesting (EEH) effect of the condition monitoring devices power supply on the transmission line is not ideal. The authors designed three kinds of EEH schemes based on AC electric field induction, which can effectively improve the output power of load power supply. The EEH principle of each scheme was analysed in detail, and the influence factors such as the shape of outer energy harvester, capacitance compensation and impedance matching characteristics were analysed. Finally, the experiment showed that 140.9 mW of power was obtained in direct-mode field EEH when the line voltage level was 10 kV. The high-potential field EEH mode obtained 4.1 mW of power. The harvesting effect of the inner energy harvester with the same potential as the aluminium wire was obviously better, and 30.7 mW of power was obtained. Finally, based on the third mode, when the load resistance was 2200 Ω, the rectifier received 23.7 mW DC output. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis, which verifies the effectiveness of the electric field induction power supply technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 4","pages":"816-825"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140162228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic mechanisms analysis of various dielectric response processes in oil-paper insulation with different insulating states","authors":"Zaijun Jiang,&nbsp;Jiefeng Liu,&nbsp;Xianhao Fan,&nbsp;Heng Zhang,&nbsp;Enze Zhang,&nbsp;Boshu Song,&nbsp;Yiyi Zhang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12419","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12419","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Various dielectric response processes in the oil-paper insulation are sensitively affected by the insulating states (ageing degrees and moisture contents). However, the existing research is still incomplete in revealing the microscopic mechanisms of various dielectric response processes in oil-paper insulation with different insulating states. Given this issue, the genetic algorithm is first adopted to extract the Dissado–Hill (D–H) model parameters by simulating the frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS) of oil-paper insulation. Then, the change laws of the extracted D–H model parameters are adopted to reveal the microscopic mechanisms of various dielectric response processes. Microscopic mechanisms of four dielectric response processes are studied, which are quasi-dc relaxation, loss peak relaxation, optical frequency relaxation, and DC conductance. Meanwhile, due to the dielectric response processes being dominated by various polar particles (methanol, ethanol, furfural, and water molecule), the contents of various ageing by-products dissolved in the insulating oil are measured to support the above analysis. In this respect, a dielectric theoretical reference for the FDS technique to research the insulating states of oil-paper insulation is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 3","pages":"591-600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140162234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nanofillers with different energy levels on the electrical properties of epoxy-based nanocomposites","authors":"Ning Guo,&nbsp;Cailing Chen,&nbsp;Guangwei Zhang,&nbsp;Rongsheng Sun,&nbsp;Yulong Wang,&nbsp;Junguo Gao","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12422","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12422","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The authors investigate the effects of nanofillers with varying band-gap energies on the space charge properties, breakdown field strength, and bulk resistivity of epoxy (EP)-based composites. Additionally, the molecular orbital distribution of both the epoxy resin and nanofillers were examined through density functional theory. Experimental results indicate that the space charge accumulation within silicon dioxide/EP and germanium oxide/EP is reduced, leading to a more uniformly distributed electric field intensity within the specimen when compared to epoxy. As a result, both materials exhibit improved AC breakdown field strength and volume resistivity. Conversely, the amount of charge accumulated within tin dioxide/EP is higher, resulting in lower breakdown field strength than epoxy. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level differences between epoxy and nanofillers introduce electron traps and hole traps at the interface, forming interfacial traps that affect the space charge distribution within the specimen, as well as the trap energy levels within the material. From the experimental results, shallow traps promote space charge accumulation and reduce the breakdown field strength, while deep traps have the opposite effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 4","pages":"948-956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140162231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and suppression of operational overvoltage and inrush current for high-speed trains by automatic phase-switching technique","authors":"Ye Cao,&nbsp;Song Xiao,&nbsp;Zhizong Ye,&nbsp;Guangning Wu,&nbsp;Yujun Guo,&nbsp;Guoqiang Gao,&nbsp;Chuanming Sun,&nbsp;Jiancheng Liu,&nbsp;Zheng Chen,&nbsp;Hao Hou,&nbsp;Zijing Wang,&nbsp;Puyang Liu,&nbsp;Yuhui Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Yu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12417","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12417","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When a high-speed train approaches the insulated phase-splitting section embedded between neighbouring power supply arms, the vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) installed on trains must be disconnected to maintain the traction power supply system as a no-load condition for completing phase-switching action, as the train passes through the phase-splitting section depending on its inertia. However, when operating VCBs, the arc is easily triggered between the mobile contacts inside, accompanied by an overvoltage impulse. Herein, to explore the generating mechanism of inrush current and operational overvoltage, a model describing the ‘substation-catenary-train’ traction power supply system is launched based on an equivalent circuit modelling technique. Through the analysis of the transient VCB operational process, the phase of catenary voltage is directly related to the characteristics of the VCB switching-on overvoltage, as the traction current's phase angle is relevant to the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the VCB switching-off overvoltage. Inrush current as a noteworthy element is related to the traction transformer's remanence. The automatic phase-switching technique is utilised to suppress both operational overvoltage and inrush current, as the optimal combination of VCB switching-on and switching-off phases considering the balance between overvoltage and inrush current is achieved based on the particle swarm algorithm.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 3","pages":"733-748"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140104985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}