High Voltage最新文献

{"title":"Partial Discharge Localisation in Power Transformer by UHF Technique","authors":"Mohammad Amin Jangjoo, Mehdi Allahbakhshi, Hassan Reza Mirzaei, Ali Abooee","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the methods of finding partial discharge (PD) location in power transformers using ultra high frequency (UHF) measurements. The UHF technique utilises two methods to find the PD location, that is, the shortest path method and hyperbolic method. The shortest path method works based on the comparison of the measured data and the ones in the database. In the hyperbolic method, a hyperbolic equation is obtained between each two element subset of sensors. The coordinate that best fits all equations is known as the PD location, and can be obtained in three different ways, that is, iterative algorithms, the Fang method and Chan method. The convergence of iterative algorithms is limited by poor initial estimate, overshoot, mitigation of non-convergence etc. The Fang and Chan methods are two closed-form solutions that are used in the communication system to find the radiation source location. This article explains how to use these two methods to obtain the PD coordinate inside the power transformer. These two methods can find exactly the coordinate that best fits all hyperbolic equations. At the end of this article, several tests are carried out through CST software and the PD locations is estimated by all presented methods. The simulation results show how the Fang and Chan methods can overcome the limitations of the iterative method.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation Method and Performance Study of Nanocellulose/Epoxy Resin Composite Materials Modified by Multiple Approaches","authors":"Daning Zhang, Xinyuan Feng, Jiongting Jiang, Tianbo Zhang, Zhi Yang, Guan-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70017","url":null,"abstract":"Nanocomposites are pivotal for enhancing epoxy resin performance, but traditional inorganic nanofillers' poor compatibility and nonrecyclability pose environmental concerns. This study utilises recyclable organic cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) to explore their modification impact on epoxy composite properties. Through infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the degree of modification for CNC and its derivatives—KH560-modified CNC (KH560-CNC) and methyl methacrylate-modified CNC (MMA-CNC)—was assessed. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) performance characterisation of modified CNC/epoxy composites showed that higher CNC modification levels significantly improve the toughness of the composites. Regarding thermal conductivity, modified CNCs affected the epoxy composites differently; KH560-CNC/EP exhibited the best thermal conductivity at low filler concentrations, whereas MMA-CNC/EP showed higher thermal conductivity at high concentrations. Additionally, nanocellulose's varying degrees of modification differently impacted the composites' moisture absorption and dielectric properties. The higher the CNC modification level, the stronger its moisture absorption capability, with minimal effect on dielectric loss. This paper provides experimental evidence for CNC/epoxy composite applications, offering practical guidance for future design and manufacturing of epoxy resin composites.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of vibration evolution and propagation characteristics due to mechanical degradation in transformer iron cores","authors":"Yunpeng Liu, Guanyu Chen, Fuseng Xu, Tao Zhao, Hongliang Liu, Lu Sun","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70035","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates vibration changes due to transformer core deterioration by monitoring core vibration, compression force and shell wall vibrations simultaneously. The transformer core operates in a compound environment of mechanical vibration and thermal ageing for extended periods, and the correlation mechanism between core structural deterioration and shell vibration changes remains unclear. This study first derives and analyses the propagation mechanism of core vibration in oil. The experiments simulate the internal deterioration of a 10 kV transformer using pressure sensors to monitor the compression force on the core and windings and vibration sensors on the internal upper yoke and the enclosure to capture full vibration measurements. Analysis of the vibration data during the experiment, using two quantitative indicators—vibrational entropy and fundamental frequency weight—reveals that measurement point #2 (on the outer case wall corresponding to the internal upper yoke) shows a value approximately 1.2 times that of the internal upper yoke. However, measurement point #5 (located away from the upper yoke near the windings) demonstrates a value about 2.3 times that of the internal upper yoke. The results indicate that measurement point #2 has high vibration consistency with the internal upper yoke, whereas it exhibits significant variability compared to measurement point #5. To validate these findings, researchers collected 24-h vibration data from 105 in-service 220 kV transformers and the results aligned with those from the experimental platform. This study quantitatively addresses the changes in case vibration characteristics caused by core degradation and proposes a novel method for detecting the mechanical state of transformer cores through vibration analysis.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of 3 kV Low-Frequency Induction Voltage Divider Using Two-Stage Excitation","authors":"Xuan Li, Jiang Guo, Jiangang Bi, Hui Li","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70015","url":null,"abstract":"To address the lack of voltage ratio standards for accuracy testing of low-frequency voltage transformers, it is necessary to develop a 3 kV low-frequency induction voltage divider. Firstly, based on the analysis of the error sources of the induction voltage divider, a method was proposed to calculate the excitation impedance of the induction voltage divider using complex magnetic permeability. A measurement circuit based on the lock-in principle was set up to measure the complex magnetic permeability of grained-oriented silicon steel 30P100 and permalloy 1J85 at different frequencies. Secondly, a 3 kV low-frequency induction voltage divider with a two-stage excitation and a series-wound ratio winding in 10 sections was designed. The errors of the two stages of the instrument transformers were calculated at 20 and 50 Hz, respectively. Finally, the divider's errors were calibrated at 20 and 50 Hz using the reference potential method. The results showed that, compared to 50 Hz, the excitation impedance of the two stages decreased and the errors increased at 20 Hz, with the overall error of the induction voltage divider being better at 50 Hz than at 20 Hz. Experimental measurements indicated that at 20 Hz, the ratio error and phase error of the 3 kV two-stage excitation induction voltage divider were better than 1 × 10⁻⁵, whereas at 50 Hz, the errors were better than 1 × 10⁻⁶. This study provides support for the accuracy testing of voltage transformers used in low-frequency flexible AC transmission projects.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Prediction Model for the Corrosion of Aluminium Alloy Conductors: Considering the Influence of Electric Field and Dynamic Boundary","authors":"Hanwei Li, Yuhu Yang, Xiaolai Li, Lin Liu, Fuzhi Wang, Jun Lin, Xingming Bian","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70023","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion problems of high-voltage power transmission conductors typically occur in environments with electric fields. However, current research mainly focuses on atmospheric corrosion of metals with limited attention to the combined effects of electric fields and atmospheric conditions on metal corrosion. This study established a corrosion prediction model that considers the effects of electric fields and dynamic boundaries. Because of the influence of dynamic boundaries, this model can calculate parameters such as corrosion rate, corrosion depth, corrosion product accumulation and ion concentration for metal samples with and without an external electric field. The model is validated through indoor accelerated corrosion tests under low applied electric fields and by using aluminium alloy conductor samples from high electric field regions of actual ± 500 kV power transmission lines. The results indicate that the corrosion rate of aluminium alloys initially increases and then decreases over time. Additionally, the corrosion rate of aluminium alloys under an applied electric field is higher than that without an electric field during the same period. The mechanism of increased corrosion rate is analysed to be that the presence of the electric field accelerates the cathode reaction rate of the electrode. The corrosion rate of the sample increased by about 78% under a lower electric field (0–20 kV/m) and by about 2.75 times under a higher electric field around 2000 kV/m.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Transfer Characteristics of Novel Resin Impregnated Paper Converter Transformer Valve-Side Bushing With Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphon","authors":"Qingyu Wang, Zishi Yang, Wei Hu, Zuoming Xu, Peng Liu, Zongren Peng","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"Resin impregnated paper (RIP) converter transformer valve-side bushings are the key equipment in converter stations. Local overheating of the RIP core not only reduces the transmission efficiency but also causes insulation failure of converter transformers. In this paper, a new heat dissipation structure is proposed to improve the temperature distribution homogeneity of the bushing using two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT). A test model is developed to determine the optimal working fluid inventory. Then, the temperature distribution of a ± 400-kV RIP converter transformer valve-side bushing with an optimised heat dissipation structure is obtained using the coupled three-dimensional electromagnetic-fluid-thermal numerical simulation method considering multiphase flow and phase change processes. The influence of the new structure on the electric field is analysed. The simulation result is verified by the temperature rise test. The results show that two-phase closed thermosyphon can reduce the maximum temperature of the RIP valve-side bushings and significantly improve the temperature distribution homogeneity.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Corrosion Resistance of Copper for C4F7N Based Eco-Friendly Gas-Insulated Equipment","authors":"Song Xiao, Haoran Xia, Zhanyuan Li, Yifan Wang, Ju Tang, Xiaoxing Zhang, Yi Li","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluoroisobutyronitrile (C₄F₇N) is recognised as the next-generation dielectric medium for eco-friendly gas-insulated equipment (GIE). However, there is gas metal incompatibility in strong electromagnetic environments and environmentally friendly insulating gas atmospheres that endangers the operational safety and service life of GIE. Here, a solvent-induced grain boundary reconstruction method was proposed to prepare corrosion-resistant copper rapidly. Accordingly, the partial discharge-induced gas–metal interaction was simulated and the corrosion resistance properties of copper were evaluated. Additionally, the gas–solid interaction mechanism was investigated and the improvement mechanism of the proposed method on the stability of the gas–solid interface was discussed. Related results provide a reference for the development and application reliability of C₄F₇N-based eco-friendly GIE.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution network planning considering active response of EVs and DTR of cables and transformers","authors":"Chen Pan,&nbsp;Weijiang Chen,&nbsp;Chengke Zhou,&nbsp;Wenjun Zhou","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With increasing electricity demand and large-scale stochastic charging of electric vehicles (EVs), distribution networks face inevitable shortage of transfer capability, bringing new challenges to distribution network planning (DNP). Dynamic thermal rating (DTR), which evaluates the equipment rating based on actual meteorological conditions and equipment thermal state, can enhance the equipment transfer capability to meet the increasing load demand. In this paper, we propose a model considering the active response of EVs, and a bi-level DNP model incorporating the DTR of cables and transformers, in the upper level, the Prim algorithm is embedded into the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm to obtain an initial grid topology; in the lower level, types of cables and transformers as well as the installation of DTR equipment are determined, second-order cone (SOC) relaxation and linearisation of the variables product are then carried out to meet the non-linear constraints of cables and transformers, and the upper and lower models are solved in an iterative manner. Case studies demonstrate that the implementation of DTR effectively enhances the transfer capability of cables and transformers, saving 4.8% investment cost while ensuring 96% uplift of power supply. Besides, with 90% active response rate of EVs, total cost can be further reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 2","pages":"279-293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite element joint simulation model applied to fast mechanical switching of controlled resonance combination circuit breakers","authors":"Puyi Cui,&nbsp;Guoli Li,&nbsp;Zehui Sun,&nbsp;Jiazi Xu,&nbsp;Guoyong Zhang,&nbsp;Zhong Chen,&nbsp;Weiping Guan","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fast mechanical switches (FMSs) are critical components of DC circuit breakers (DCCBs), which require the switch action time to break to a sufficient distance within 3 ms in the DC line breaking scenario, while ensuring a long service life. The breaking mechanism significantly affects the current interruption capability of DCCBs. The operation of the repulsion mechanism, along with the morphology of the arc and its transformation within the interrupter chamber, collectively influence the breaking performance of the FMSs. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the FMSs, which serves as the pivotal component of controlled resonance combination circuit breakers (CRCBs). This study establishes a multi physics coupling simulation analysis method based on the equivalent circuit of repulsion mechanism discharge, combined with electromagnetic and solid mechanics fields. By constructing a full cycle magnetohydrodynamic particle arc (MHP) model and using a combined simulation of Finite Element joint model (FEJM), the evolution law of arc characteristics during the superimposed current interruption process was systematically explored. The focus was on analysing the physical process of the zero zone of the superimposed arc, the multi physics field coupling relationship of the arc, and the interaction mechanism with external characteristic parameters. Further combining with optimisation design methods, the effectiveness of the model was verified through experiments, FEJM provides comprehensive technical support for effectively reflecting the stress issues of core components during the breaking process of FMS and can provide accurate theoretical references for the optimisation design of mechanical motion components in FMS. It also accurately represents the arc extinguishing process during the breaking of FMS and provides a convenient method for the selection and design of circuit parameters for the entire circuit breaker.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 2","pages":"419-435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the dynamic charge transport behaviours under electron beam irradiation of advanced insulation materials for aerospace applications","authors":"Guangyu Sun,&nbsp;Xiong Yang,&nbsp;Wentong An,&nbsp;Kun Huang,&nbsp;Xiaogang Qin,&nbsp;Baipeng Song,&nbsp;Guanjun Zhang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aerospace dielectric components on spacecrafts are frequently exposed to surface charging. Here the dynamic charging behaviours of advanced aerospace dielectrics under electron beam irradiation are investigated. Combined measurement of dielectric secondary emission yield (SEY) and trap distribution provides input parameters of a drift-diffusion transport model reproducing the beam-irradiated dielectric charging processes. The model reveals the spatial–temporal evolutions of the current, charge density, and electric field distribution. The model-predicted sample current, SEY and surface potential, in a surface layer of 1 μm and with incident electron energy range of 10–30 keV, are compared with the experiments, showing qualitative agreement. The effects of beam energy and current, dielectric material, and sample thickness on the charging processes are explored. Relation between the beam energy and final surface potential is determined, and the beam current is found to only affect the charging speed. Dielectric parameters including the mass density, permittivity, surface resistivity, trap state distribution, electron affinity, together influence the charging speed and final charged state.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 2","pages":"305-315"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}