High Voltage最新文献

Research on temperature distribution characteristics of oil-immersed power transformers based on fluid network decoupling 基于流体网络解耦的油浸式电力变压器温度分布特性研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12488

Yongming Xu, Ziyi Xu, Congrui Ren, Yaodong Wang

{"title":"Research on temperature distribution characteristics of oil-immersed power transformers based on fluid network decoupling","authors":"Yongming Xu, Ziyi Xu, Congrui Ren, Yaodong Wang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12488","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the complex structure and large size of large-capacity oil-immersed power transformers, it is difficult to predict the winding temperature distribution directly by numerical analysis. A 180 MVA, 220 kV oil-immersed self-cooling power transformer is used as the research object. The authors decouple the internal fluid domain of the power transformer into four regions: high voltage windings, medium voltage windings, low voltage windings, and radiators through fluid networks and establish the 3D fluid-temperature field numerical analysis model of the four regions, respectively. The results of the fluid network model are used as the inlet boundary conditions for the 3D fluid-temperature numerical analysis model. In turn, the fluid resistance of the fluid network model is corrected according to the results of the 3D fluid-temperature field numerical analysis model. The prediction of the temperature distribution of windings is realised by the coupling calculation between the fluid network model and the 3D fluid-temperature field numerical analysis model. Based on this, the effect of the loading method of the heat source is also investigated using the proposed method. The hotspot temperatures of the high-voltage, medium-voltage, and low-voltage windings are 89.43, 86.33, and 80.96°C, respectively. Finally, an experimental platform is built to verify the results. The maximum relative error between calculated and measured values is 4.42%, which meets the engineering accuracy requirement.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 5","pages":"1136-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On image transformation for partial discharge source identification in vehicle cable terminals of high-speed trains 高速列车车辆电缆终端局部放电源识别中的图像转换问题

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12487

Kai Liu, Shibo Jiao, Guangbo Nie, Hui Ma, Bo Gao, Chuanming Sun, Dongli Xin, Tapan K. Saha, Guangning Wu

{"title":"On image transformation for partial discharge source identification in vehicle cable terminals of high-speed trains","authors":"Kai Liu, Shibo Jiao, Guangbo Nie, Hui Ma, Bo Gao, Chuanming Sun, Dongli Xin, Tapan K. Saha, Guangning Wu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12487","url":null,"abstract":"Partial discharge (PD) detection of cable terminals is crucial for the safe operation of the traction power system in trains. However, similar PD signals in complex train-operating environments cause difficulty to recognise the insulation defects. Therefore, a PD signal image transformation recognition method is proposed for PD detection of cable terminal defects to identify defects in cable terminals with similar PD characteristics accurately. In the proposed method, the raw PD signals are firstly transformed to images via the Gramian angular field (GAF) representation. This can reveal the discriminative characteristics embedded in the original PD signals and subsequently facilitate differentiating the PD sources, which exhibit similar characteristic in the time domain. The obtained GAF representation of PD signals (named as PD GAF images) is extracted from local and global features to train an efficient MobileVIT model, which is then utilised to identify similar types of PD sources in cable terminals. The results show that the proposed method achieves 97.5% recognition accuracy in the field experiment, which is superior to other methods.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 5","pages":"1090-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insights on thermal ageing of electrical insulating oils as revealed from photoluminescence and absorption spectroscopy 从光致发光和吸收光谱揭示电气绝缘油热老化的新见解

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12482

Hesham S. Karaman, Eman G. Atiya, Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour, Mohsen Ghali, Z. M. S. Elbarbary, Manal M. Emara

{"title":"New insights on thermal ageing of electrical insulating oils as revealed from photoluminescence and absorption spectroscopy","authors":"Hesham S. Karaman, Eman G. Atiya, Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour, Mohsen Ghali, Z. M. S. Elbarbary, Manal M. Emara","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12482","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, significant efforts have been exerted to replace mineral oil with environmentally friendly oils due to safety and environmental issues. However, there is a need to clarify the physical mechanisms behind the ageing impact of these oils. The authors use advanced optical spectroscopy techniques in correlation with dielectric measurements to understand the ageing processes in environmentally friendly oils as well as mineral oil. Firstly, different samples of environmentally friendly oils and mineral oil were utilised to investigate the ageing mechanism. The samples were subjected to different ageing periods using a thermal accelerated ageing process. Secondly, the severity of the produced byproducts due to the oil degradation is examined based on several measured properties representing macroscopic and microscopic categories. The macroscopic category was evaluated through dielectric properties, including breakdown voltage, dielectric permittivity, and dissipation factor. The microscopic category, on the other hand, was assessed using techniques such as ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. These techniques enabled a deep understanding of the molecular-level changes occurring in the oil under ageing conditions, thereby getting new insights into oil ageing mechanisms. It is worth mentioning that natural ester oil demonstrated the most favourable performance across various properties under ageing conditions.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 5","pages":"1033-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12482","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy regulation of impulse current generator modulated DC arc discharge 脉冲电流发生器调制直流电弧放电的能量调节

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12448

Ji Li, Jingfeng Tang, Yuqing Lou, Haoran Zhang, Lu Wang, Tianyuan Ji, Daren Yu, Ximing Zhu

{"title":"Energy regulation of impulse current generator modulated DC arc discharge","authors":"Ji Li, Jingfeng Tang, Yuqing Lou, Haoran Zhang, Lu Wang, Tianyuan Ji, Daren Yu, Ximing Zhu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12448","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method of impulse current generator modulated DC arc by combining the advantages of pulse and the RF to solve the low electron energy problem of direct current arc. Through experimental analyzing the electrical, spectral, and optical characteristics of the arc, the effect of impulse current generator (ICG) on improving electron energy is discussed. The results show that the ICG consumes more energy to enhance the strength of arc discharge, and therefore electron energy is increased in a microsecond scale. In addition, it is found that the electron energy of the arc discharge can be adjusted by varying inductance, capacitance, and discharge tube: increasing the inductance or capacitance can increase the electron energy firstly and then decrease it. In adjusting the three adjustable components, adjusting the inductor is the most effective method, followed by adjusting the capacitor, and adjusting the repetition frequency has the least effect. The reason is discussed, and it is believed that the results are related to leakage inductance and distributed capacitance.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 5","pages":"1046-1058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12448","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stress grading system optimisation for an inverter-fed rotating machine 优化变频器驱动旋转机械的应力分级系统

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12478

Peng Wang, Wenhuan Zhao, Yue Zhang, Shuai Yang, Andrea Cavallini, Chaofan Yu, Chizhou Cheng, Yingwei Zhu

{"title":"Stress grading system optimisation for an inverter-fed rotating machine","authors":"Peng Wang, Wenhuan Zhao, Yue Zhang, Shuai Yang, Andrea Cavallini, Chaofan Yu, Chizhou Cheng, Yingwei Zhu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12478","url":null,"abstract":"Stress grading systems using non-linear resistive coatings are a key component to suppress surface corona in the end-windings of rotating machine. Compared to a sinusoidal-fed motor, the high slew rate of the voltage at the flanks of the repetitive square voltages from the inverter cause large capacitive currents to flow in the main wall insulation. These large currents, if not properly considered in the design phase, lead to severe electrothermal stress of the grading system. Experiments and simulations were conducted on a stress grading system whose structure arises from limitation posed by the motor structure. Measurements performed with different rise times show that the maximum potential along the conductive armour tape (CAT) increases non-linearly with increasing axial distance, and the potential at the edge of the CAT reached nearly twice the peak-to-peak voltage at 500 ns rise time, leading to corona inception. As metal plates are used in the machine to dampen vibrations in the end-winding, similar plates were also fastened to the stress grading system, worsening the already inadequate corona suppression performance. The stress grading system was therefore modified, avoiding the surface corona while, at the same time, reducing the temperature in the grading system to acceptable levels.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 5","pages":"1115-1124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of corona effect prediction criteria on sphere-plane configuration 球面配置的电晕效应预测标准比较

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12476

Manuel De La Hoz, Petrus Jacobus Pieterse, Agurtzane Etxegarai, Diego Gonzalez, Ángel Javier Mazon, Dirk Uhrlandt

{"title":"Comparison of corona effect prediction criteria on sphere-plane configuration","authors":"Manuel De La Hoz, Petrus Jacobus Pieterse, Agurtzane Etxegarai, Diego Gonzalez, Ángel Javier Mazon, Dirk Uhrlandt","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12476","url":null,"abstract":"When designing high-voltage elements, knowing if the corona effect will be present during their life cycle is relevant. Therefore, designers consider several prediction criteria based on physical features related to breakdown discharge principles to predict the corona effect. The introduced practical set-up consists of a concave cone electrode with a hemispheric tip above a plate to evaluate selected corona prediction criteria. The hemisphere has a fixed diameter of 7 mm, and the electrode separation ranges from 2.5 to 39 cm. Information about the corona mode inception under different voltage sources was extracted using an intensified charge-coupled device camera and a partial discharge metre. The prediction criteria were connected to a specific corona mode depending on the main discharge structure behind its development. The average deviation between these criteria and experimental results was around eight percent. Underlying assumptions in criteria are also discussed in light of the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 4","pages":"957-969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142007199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AC ripple on DC voltage: Experimental and theoretical investigation of the impact on accelerated ageing in electrical insulation 交流纹波对直流电压的影响：对电气绝缘加速老化影响的实验和理论研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12475

Giovanni Gardan, Gian Carlo Montanari

{"title":"AC ripple on DC voltage: Experimental and theoretical investigation of the impact on accelerated ageing in electrical insulation","authors":"Giovanni Gardan, Gian Carlo Montanari","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12475","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing penetration of DC systems into the high voltage and medium voltage power industry, DC voltage is becoming common for distribution/transmission and to supply different typologies of loads. The allowable extent of AC ripple superimposed to DC, and its effect on insulation ageing, is a long-term discussed topic. The most harmful phenomenon causing extrinsic ageing acceleration and insulation system premature failure is partial discharges (PD); thus, the risk of incepting PD due to AC ripple could become a primary issue for electrical asset equipment reliability. In this work, the impact of AC sinusoidal ripple on insulation system life and reliability is dealt with, considering both intrinsic and extrinsic ageing but focusing on the latter, that is, the PD aspect. Experiments are performed to assess how the jump voltage (due to AC ripple) and the DC component impact on PD activity in terms of amplitude and repetition rate. For the first time, the correlation between the magnitude of jump voltage associated with ripple and PD inception is established, shedding a light on the allowable ripple extent which does not impact significantly on ageing and premature insulation failure. This approach can provide straightforward tools for design specification and ageing inference of insulation systems.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 4","pages":"902-910"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142007198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of polyurethane hardness on the propagation of acoustic signals from partial discharge 聚氨酯硬度对局部放电声信号传播的影响

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12477

Abdul Samad, W. H. Siew, Martin Given, John Liggat, Igor Timoshkin

{"title":"Effects of polyurethane hardness on the propagation of acoustic signals from partial discharge","authors":"Abdul Samad, W. H. Siew, Martin Given, John Liggat, Igor Timoshkin","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12477","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric insulation is a critical component of high voltage systems. However, exposure to high electric stress can cause partial discharges (PDs) to occur and may result in the deterioration of insulation and lead to dielectric failure. These PD events are accompanied by the production of acoustic pressure impulses in the polymer. Detection of these acoustic pressure impulses can reveal the presence of PDs and locate their source. However, analysing the detected acoustic emission (AE) signal is challenging. The acoustic pressure source's nature and the propagating medium's properties, such as density, viscosity, and elasticity, significantly affect the propagating AE signal. The effects of the hardness of the polyurethane (PU) on the propagating AE signal are reported by the authors based on results obtained from laboratory experiments. It was observed that the decay rate in the magnitude of the acoustic impulse was high in PU at all hardness levels following an exponential behaviour. The analysis of the frequency spectra indicates that the higher frequency components attenuate more strongly with distance. These laboratory results can be valuable for engineers and industries as they provide valuable insight into how the physical characteristics of a material affect the propagation characteristics of AE signals during the detection and location of PD source using the AE detection technique.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 5","pages":"1125-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasonic localization method based on Chan‐WLS algorithm for detecting power transformer partial discharge faults by fibre optic F‐P sensing array 基于 Chan-WLS 算法的超声波定位方法，用于利用光纤 F-P 传感阵列检测电力变压器局部放电故障

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12472

Hong Liu, Tianhe Yang, Zhixian Zhang, Haoyuan Tian, Yuxuan Song, Qiuxia Sun, Wei Wang, Yunjun Geng, Weigen Chen

{"title":"Ultrasonic localization method based on Chan‐WLS algorithm for detecting power transformer partial discharge faults by fibre optic F‐P sensing array","authors":"Hong Liu, Tianhe Yang, Zhixian Zhang, Haoyuan Tian, Yuxuan Song, Qiuxia Sun, Wei Wang, Yunjun Geng, Weigen Chen","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12472","url":null,"abstract":"Fibre optic F‐P sensor has become one of the mainstream detection methods for partial discharge faults due to their advantages of good insulation, high sensitivity, resistance to electromagnetic interference, simple structure and inexpensive pricing. The first‐order resonant frequency of the acoustically sensitive diaphragm of the F‐P sensor is given based on the theory of plate and shell vibration, and the fibre optic F‐P sensing array is designed based on the Fabry–Perot interference principle. A sensor installation method is also proposed for introducing a fibre optic F‐P probe into the power transformer interior using a fibre optic penetrator through flange at the power transformer oil change valve. A system of non‐linear equations is developed by utilising the time difference of arrival (TDOA) of the partial discharge ultrasound signal propagation to the F‐P sensing array. The Chan‐WLS algorithm is used to convert the non‐linear equations in the TDOA localisation method into a non‐linear optimisation problem to be solved and experimentally verified on the 220 kV real power transformer. The experimental results show that the error in the partial discharge fault localisation is solved based on the Chan‐WLS algorithm and the actual location is 20.27 cm, which is within the acceptable error.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modular digital twin modelling method for 10 kV cable lines based on real‐time temperature field inversion 基于实时温度场反演的 10 kV 电缆线路模块化数字孪生建模方法

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

High Voltage Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12465

Shijie Huang, Haiqing Niu

{"title":"Modular digital twin modelling method for 10 kV cable lines based on real‐time temperature field inversion","authors":"Shijie Huang, Haiqing Niu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12465","url":null,"abstract":"State perception of long‐span 10 kV cable lines is one of the critical issues in building intelligent distribution networks. Digital twin (DT), which can map the physical status of equipment in real‐time, has received extensive attention. However, traditional modelling methods cannot meet the requirement of long‐span complex DT's real‐time computation and scalability. In order to reduce the modelling cost and improve the calculation speed, a modular DT modelling method for cable lines based on real‐time temperature field inversion is proposed. The authors develop a modular reduced‐order modelling method that applies to long‐span 10 kV cable lines. Combined with the temperature field inversion, a DT inversion algorithm is proposed to evaluate the transient temperature field and contact resistance inside cable lines, which has been used to evaluate the emergency load capacity. Finally, temperature rise tests verified the DT inversion algorithm's correctness. The operating status of cable lines was evaluated through the modular DT, and the emergency time and emergency ampacity were calculated. The result shows that the new method meets the real‐time and high‐precision requirements of DT calculation in actual operation scenarios. It can be easily extended to cable lines of different voltage levels.","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0