High Voltage最新文献

{"title":"Fast evaluation on the fatigue level of copper contact wire based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and supervised machine learning for high speed railway","authors":"Wenfu Wei,&nbsp;Langyu Xia,&nbsp;Zefeng Yang,&nbsp;Huan Zhang,&nbsp;Like Pan,&nbsp;Jian Wu,&nbsp;Guangning Wu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12492","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-strength copper contact wire is of great significance to the electrified railway power supply system, which constantly provides electric power to the trains during operation. However, contact wire is subject to pressure, vibration, and natural forces such as wind, rain, ice, etc. which inevitably result in mechanical fatigue over time. This mechanical fatigue can lead to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the contact wire, and ultimately lead to problems such as wire detachment, fracture, or breakage, posing a serious safety hazard to the electrified railway system. Herein, the authors propose a strategy using nanosecond pulsed laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with machine learning technique to realise a fast evaluation on the fatigue level of copper contact line. Three different fatigue levels of copper samples have been made related with the requirement of operational conditions, and a total of 898 LIBS spectra were collected. Twenty-four combinations of spectral pre-processing, feature extraction, and optimisation algorithms were used to compare the recognition results with the accuracy, recall rate, and time cost taken into accounted. Results have shown that the standard normal variable transform–principal component analysis–genetic algorithm improve support vector machine (SNV-PCA-GASVM) model have presented a most satisfactory performance than the others. The cross-validation accuracy of the SNV-PCA-GASVM model was 92.97% while the dimensionality of input variables was reduced by 99.62%. This work is useful for the safety operation of power supply system in high speed railway, and technique development concerning the fast evaluation on materials fatigue in other industrial fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 6","pages":"1302-1310"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel thyristor-based hybrid DC circuit breaker with short arcing capability","authors":"Guanlong Jia,&nbsp;Yuchen Yuan,&nbsp;Hongjiang Guo,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Wang,&nbsp;Feng Niu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12496","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multi-terminal flexible high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission and DC grid technology are developing rapidly. The hybrid DC circuit breaker (HCB) has broad application prospects in the field of HVDC transmission and DC power grid. Nevertheless, existing HCBs have one or more following blemishes: arc suppression scheme of mechanical switch, high cost and unreliable adaptive reclosure. In this paper, a modified thyristor-based hybrid DC circuit breaker with short arcing capacity (SA-HCB) is introduced, which consists of the main branch, the fault handling branch and the pre-charging branch. Besides, the modified SA-HCB has the inherent capability of adaptive reclosing. The advantages of thyristors are fully used in the SA-HCB, such as low cost, low conduction voltage drop, and natural shutdown. The detailed structure diagram and mathematical model of the SA-HCB are introduced, and the operation processes of the fault current transfer are also analysed. Later, a design method for parameters of the proposed SA-HCB is provided. Then, a single-ended equivalent system is built in PSCAD/EMTDC to verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and parameter design. Subsequently, based on four-terminal simulation, the economy of the SA-HCB is verified by comparing with the topology proposed by ABB. Finally, the small-scale experiment of the proposed SA-HCB is introduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 6","pages":"1288-1301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12496","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on influence of double energy absorptions on dynamic volt-ampere characteristics of metal oxide varistors","authors":"Chen Long,&nbsp;Yifei Wu,&nbsp;Yi Wu,&nbsp;Mingzhe Rong,&nbsp;Yu Xiao,&nbsp;Yunfan Bai","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12495","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metal oxide varistors (MOVs) are extensively employed in DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) to suppress overvoltage, dissipate energy and build up voltage after interruption. Despite their widespread use, the performance of MOVs under short-time, double energy absorption conditions is not well understood, posing a challenge to their application in open-close-open (OCO) operations of DCCBs. In this paper, a MOV double energy absorption test platform is established to investigate the deviation in volt-ampere characteristic. The Fréchet distance is proposed as the criterion for assessing the similarity of MOV dynamic volt-ampere characteristics, and the influencing factors are studied. It is observed that a 15% increase in the absorption of rated energy may result in roughly 20-unit rise in the Fréchet distance. Furthermore, the deviation in volt-ampere characteristics during the second pulse is found to be independent of the time interval, affirming that the OCO operation within 300 ms constitutes an adiabatic process. The excursion of the volt-ampere characteristics is dominated by the energy and remains unaffected by the peak current of the initial pulse. These findings lay the foundation for the subsequent MOV dynamic characteristic balance test and model modification.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 1","pages":"78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of characteristic component H2S in SF6 and SF6/N2 mixture using cavity ring-down spectroscopy","authors":"Anhao Jiang,&nbsp;Chaohai Zhang,&nbsp;Min Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Zhang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12508","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A high-sensitivity cavity ring-down spectroscopy gas detection system with integrated optical components and embedded microprocessor units is presented for the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆) and its mixture with nitrogen (N₂). The system exploits a periodic laser wavelength modulation to simplify the mode matching. Spectral line profile fitting is used for sample quantitative analysis. To verify the sensitivity and stability of concentration detection, the effect of background gas and temperature on the responses of spectral line broadening and absorption cross-section are investigated. The result deviation caused by variation of background gas can be compensated by the pre-correction of empty cavity ring-down time. It is also found that the implication of temperature on the spectra cannot be ignored. The full width at half maximum and peak value decreased linearly with the increase of temperature, while the baseline is undergoing accelerated growth. Using Allan variance analysis, the limits of detection reach 4.44 × 10⁻⁹ in SF₆ and 2.96 × 10⁻⁹ in N₂ with average time of 67 s. This study provides a meaningful approach for the online detection of characteristic gas in gas insulation equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 1","pages":"88-94"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discharge image reconstruction and frequency domain analysis based on event data","authors":"Quan Yuan,&nbsp;Lei Deng,&nbsp;Hao Guo,&nbsp;Qishen Lyu,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Jibin Wu,&nbsp;Yu Deng,&nbsp;Hongyang Zhou,&nbsp;Xilin Wang,&nbsp;Zhidong Jia","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12498","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Optical image method has been the earliest and most used direct method for observing gas discharge. Currently, research on gas discharge monitoring based on visible light mainly relies on high-speed cameras, but the large size, significant data storage requirements, and susceptibility to interference from complex backgrounds and lighting conditions limit their further application. Dynamic vision sensing (DVS) technology is a neuromorphic sensing technology that asynchronously measures the luminance changes at each pixel. It offers advantages such as a large dynamic range (&gt;120 dB), high temporal resolution (up to 1 µs), and small data volume (MB level). In this study, dynamic vision sensing technology was employed to monitor both 30 mm short-gaps and 1080 mm long-gaps discharge processes simultaneously. This study developed the CountImage encoding method for event data and conducted image reconstruction, time-domain analysis, and frequency-domain characteristic analysis based on the event data. The results show that the event-reconstructed images are highly consistent with the high-speed camera images, and the arc development process and its path can also be clearly observed. Additionally, this study discovered a correlation between the electrical characteristics and event information during the discharge process. In the time domain, the duration of the maximum DVS event count closely matches the duration during which the voltage drops to zero during flashover. In the frequency domain, the Pearson correlation coefficient between the event stream spectrum and the voltage signal spectrum is greater than 0.95. Both the maximum number of brightening events (<i>ON</i>_max) and the maximum number of darkening events (<i>OFF</i>_max) are positively correlated with the voltage applied between the electrodes. This study demonstrates that, compared to the GB/s data rate of high-speed cameras, this approach can record the discharge process and accurately reconstruct the discharge process, arc morphology, and discharge path at MB/s data rates, while also adapting to changes in brightness without the need for exposure adjustment. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between the frequency-domain characteristics of the event data and the voltage characteristics. These results indicate that dynamic vision sensing holds promise as a replacement for high-speed cameras in laboratory discharge observations and could be even effectively applied to discharge monitoring in electrical equipment in real grid.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 6","pages":"1195-1201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Space charge characteristics and dielectric properties of PANI/PP-g-MAH/PP ternary composite","authors":"Guochang Li,&nbsp;Tianzhen Liu,&nbsp;Zhenlu Gu,&nbsp;Xiaolong Chen,&nbsp;Beibei Sun,&nbsp;Yuanwei Zhu,&nbsp;Shengtao Li,&nbsp;Yanhui Wei","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12497","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Space charge accumulation in polypropylene materials for direct current capacitor will accelerate the ageing of the materials, resulting in the degradation of their insulation properties. Besides, it will also affect the dielectric properties of the capacitor in a long term. In this paper, a ternary composite of polyaniline (PANI)/maleic anhydride functionalised PP (PP-g-MAH)/polypropylene (PP) based on the PANI@ dopamine (PDA) coating structure is constructed from two perspectives of PP matrix grafting and PANI nano particle. This method takes advantage of the high permittivity and good compatibility of PANI to improve the relative dielectric constant of the composite while introducing deep traps inside the composite to inhibit space charge accumulation coating. The experimental results show that with the increase in PANI content, the maximum relative permittivity can be increased by 62%. The addition of the appropriate amount of PANI can effectively inhibit the space charge accumulation. The relative dielectric constant of the composite decreases significantly due to the heteropolar space charge. The relative dielectric constant of the modified polyaniline composites decreased significantly. The reduction rate decreased from 38% before modification to 12% after modification. This work has certain guiding significance for solving space charge problem of direct current capacitor.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 1","pages":"178-185"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in M-components between triggered lightning striking the ground and overhead line","authors":"Li Cai,&nbsp;Yiyang Du,&nbsp;Wenchao Fan,&nbsp;Mi Zhou,&nbsp;Jianguo Wang,&nbsp;Jinxin Cao,&nbsp;Yadong Fan","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12493","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the summer of 2018–2019, rocket-triggered lightning experiments were conducted in Guangzhou, China. There were two types of lightning targets: ground and overhead line. By comparing the current and the electric field data in the two cases, it was found that when the continuous current level (<i>I</i>_CC) and current amplitude (<i>I</i>_M) of M-components (current pulses generated during the continuous current stage) are large, the time difference between the electric field peak and the current peak (<i>T</i>_D) will always be small. The rise time (<i>R</i>_T) and half peak width (<i>T</i>_HPW) of M-components with high <i>I</i>_CC and <i>I</i>_M are low in both the cases. The threshold upper limit of <i>T</i>_D in the case of lightning striking the ground is higher, approximately 2.6 times than that in the case of lightning striking the overhead line. We use an optimised guided wave model to simulate the electric field waveforms of M-components. It was found that the shorter <i>R</i>_T and <i>T</i>_HPW of the M-component, the smaller <i>T</i>_D. The changes in wave speed and <i>I</i>_M cannot affect the size of <i>T</i>_D, and the impact of distance changes is very weak. The difference in the threshold upper limit of <i>T</i>_D may be related to the significant difference in ground impedance in two cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 6","pages":"1260-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12493","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Properties of diffuse and volume discharges that are important for their applications","authors":"Victor Tarasenko,&nbsp;Alexei Panchenko,&nbsp;Dmitry Beloplotov,&nbsp;Mikhail Lomaev,&nbsp;Dmitry Sorokin,&nbsp;Cheng Zhang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12507","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diffuse and volume discharges are currently used widely in various fields. This work compares the properties of diffuse and volume discharges, as well as considers the conditions for their formation at high pressures. The main attention is paid to a diffuse discharge (DD). It has been shown that the ignition of a diffuse discharges is preceded by the development of a wide streamers. In the case of a volume discharge, the streamers usually have a small diameter and an ionisation waves emerging from it passes into the spark leader with subsequent discharge constriction. There are images and emission spectra of diffuse discharges in air and nitrogen in the paper. It has been confirmed that a diffuse discharges initiated by a nanosecond voltage pulse in a point-to-plane gaps has a uniform effect on the surface of a flat electrode. It was found that thin tracks of luminous particles are observed against the background of the DD plasma glow. They are associated with sputtering of the pointed electrode material due to the large field enhancement on the macro- and microinhomogeneities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"10 1","pages":"126-136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel embedded voltage-clamped circuit for multilevel modular converters submodule to suppress very fast transient overvoltage","authors":"Hong Shen,&nbsp;Zhonghao Dongye,&nbsp;Mian Xiao,&nbsp;Jiayi Shao,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhang,&nbsp;Yao Yao,&nbsp;Zifan Dong,&nbsp;Lei Qi","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12510","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The submodule in multilevel modular converters experiences a very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO) during switch operation of gas-insulated switchgear, which also results in overvoltage on power devices, such as thyristors and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). This work presents an embedded circuit that utilises a gap in conjunction with a metal oxide varistor (MOV) to control the voltage of the surge arrester and prevent false triggers during the transient phase when the IGBT is turned off. The mechanism of VFTO is analysed. Moreover, the design idea is suggested and the gap-MOV circuit is constructed. Ultimately, experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the suggested gap-MOV in suppressing overvoltage.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 6","pages":"1202-1207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial discharge characteristics of syntactic foam filled with hollow polymer microspheres","authors":"Le Li,&nbsp;Shuo Tan,&nbsp;Yunpeng Liu,&nbsp;Haoyi Li,&nbsp;Kezhi Xu,&nbsp;Guancheng Zhen,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Yin,&nbsp;Tianfang Zhao,&nbsp;Wenhua Wu,&nbsp;Lei Yang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.12505","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Syntactic foam materials, due to their advantages of low densities, low water absorption, and high dielectric strengths, have significant application potential in the cores of post insulators. However, because of a large number of microbubble structures within the syntactic foam, it might decrease the partial discharge inception voltage. It is necessary to investigate the partial discharge characteristics of the foam to assess the feasibility of its internal insulation application. In this study, the syntactic foam samples with four different microsphere contents (0%–2%) were prepared, and the physical structures of the materials were characterised by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and three-dimensional computed tomography. Subsequently, finite element simulations of the electric field were performed to analyse the influence of the microsphere content and distribution on the internal electric field of the syntactic foam. The results suggested that both the microsphere content and distribution affected the partial discharge activity. When the microsphere content was low, the doping of microspheres essentially meant that more air gap defects were present, leading to a decrease in the partial discharge performance. However, when the microsphere content was high, the microspheres were distributed in a dense and orderly manner, improving the field concentration phenomenon and hence inhibiting the partial discharge to a certain extent. In conclusion, the findings of this study provide a data reference and theoretical support for the application of syntactic foam in the cores of composite post insulators.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 6","pages":"1322-1335"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}