{"title":"A new type of lipophilic hydrophobic self-repairing cellulose insulating paper developed with ST-110/FAS/PTFE ternary system as coating substrate","authors":"Zhenglin Zeng, Jinshan Qin, Zuhao Wang, Weimin Tan, Chao Tang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12383","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12383","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The moisture generated by the ageing of the oil-paper insulating system can easily lead to the deterioration of the performance of the insulating paper. In order to alleviate the impact of moisture on the performance of the insulating paper, we developed a kind of lipophilic hydrophobic self-repairing cellulose insulating paper (new insulating paper) based on the ternary system of polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorocarbon surfactant and fluorinated alkyl silane, and accelerated thermal ageing test for 45 days at 130°C was carried out. The experimental results show that the new insulating paper with excellent lipophilic property can realise hydrophobic self-repairing through heat treatment after physical damage. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the new insulating paper increased by 5%–8% and 6.25%–27% respectively compared with the original cellulose insulating paper. At the end of ageing, the relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of new insulating paper are 10.4% and 9.9% lower than that of the original cellulose insulating paper, while the breakdown voltage is 6.8% higher. The acid and moisture content produced during the ageing process of the insulating oil impregnated with new insulating paper are also less, indicating that the coating can delay the ageing of the insulating paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 2","pages":"474-483"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91398380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High VoltagePub Date : 2023-10-24DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12382
Xinpei Lu, Zhi Fang, Dong Dai, Tao Shao, Feng Liu, Cheng Zhang, Dawei Liu, Lanlan Nie, Chunqi Jiang
{"title":"On the chronological understanding of the homogeneous dielectric barrier discharge","authors":"Xinpei Lu, Zhi Fang, Dong Dai, Tao Shao, Feng Liu, Cheng Zhang, Dawei Liu, Lanlan Nie, Chunqi Jiang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12382","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12382","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) are widely utilised non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasmas with a diverse range of applications, such as material processing, surface treatment, light sources, pollution control, and medicine. Over the course of several decades, extensive research has been dedicated to the generation of homogeneous DBD (H-DBD), focussing on understanding the transition from H-DBD to filamentary DBD and exploring strategies to create and sustain H-DBD. This paper first discusses the influence of various parameters on DBD, including gas flow, dielectric material, surface conductivity, and mesh electrode. Secondly, a chronological literature review is presented, highlighting the development of H-DBD and the associated understanding of its underlying mechanisms. This encompasses the generation of H-DBD in helium, nitrogen, and air. Lastly, the paper provides a brief overview of multiple-current-pulse (MCP) behaviours in H-DBD. The objective of this article is to provide a chronological understanding of homogeneous dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). This understanding will aid in the design of new experiments aimed at better comprehending the mechanisms behind H-DBD generation and ultimately assist in achieving large-volume H-DBD in an air environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"8 6","pages":"1132-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135315806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High VoltagePub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12380
Yu Xiao, Yi Wu, Yifei Wu, Fei Yang, Mingzhe Rong, Zhuo Yang
{"title":"A fuse-based DC circuit breaker with vacuum interrupter enhanced by an external transverse magnetic field","authors":"Yu Xiao, Yi Wu, Yifei Wu, Fei Yang, Mingzhe Rong, Zhuo Yang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12380","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12380","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the increasing power system capacity, the interruption of large fault currents has gradually become a major challenge in power systems. At the moment, such currents are interrupted mainly via circuit breakers based on the method of active current commutation. However, these types of circuit breakers tend to be costly and oversized. One possible alternative—a fuse-based circuit breaker with current commutation process enhanced by an external transverse magnetic field (ETMF)—is proposed by the authors. Its main advantage lies in the fast current commutation achieved by an ETMF-enhanced three-stage increase of the vacuum arc voltage. The study of the current commutation process is mainly represented by the authors, and the influencing factors of the current commutation—contact opening speed and ETMF current—are discussed. At last, the proposed circuit breaker is verified by an experiment, whose results show that a short-circuit current of 42 kA can be interrupted within just 2 ms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 3","pages":"710-720"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitigation of Deane and Hamill phenomenon in gallium nitride high-voltage power supply for electric propulsion system application","authors":"Minghai Dong, Hui Li, Shan Yin, Kye Yak See, Yingzhe Wu, Xiong Xin","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12379","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12379","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The step-up resonant converters are widely adopted to provide high voltage in kV-level for electric propulsion system due to their high efficiency, low mass, modularisation, and high-power density. The bipolar Cockcroft-Walton voltage multiplier (BiCWVM) is a major circuit that steps up the voltage in the resonant converter. However, the diode non-linearity in BiCWVM can introduce self-sustained quasi-periodic oscillations in the voltage and current waveforms, which is commonly known as the Deane and Hamill (DH) phenomenon. The oscillation can lead to higher magnetic loss and control failure, and it is more likely to present in the gallium nitride-based converter due to the high-frequency operation. The authors aim to investigate and mitigate the DH phenomenon systematically so that proper mitigation can be implemented. To facilitate the investigation, the circuit before the BiCWVM in the converter is derived and modelled as a voltage source <i>v</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> and a series inductor <i>L</i><sub>sy</sub>. Also, the reverse recovery process of the diode in the BiCWVM can be represented by a piecewise-linear (PWL) model, with the simplified circuit and PWL model, the relationship between voltage and current under different operating conditions can be determined with ease. The relationship allows to understand the mechanism of diode reverse recovery in BiCWVM that leads to DH phenomenon. Finally, a hybrid-/full-silicon carbide (SiC) design is proposed to mitigate the DH phenomenon, which is verified experimentally for a 300-kHz, 5-W, 20-V/1.5-kV GaN-based step-up resonant converter.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 1","pages":"252-265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High VoltagePub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12378
Guangliang Chen, Bin He, Yuxin Wang, Pengchen He, Liguang Dou, Renwu Zhou, Dongliang Chen, Tao Shao
{"title":"Recent applications in dielectric barrier discharge and radio frequency plasmas-engineered transition metal electrocatalysts for water splitting","authors":"Guangliang Chen, Bin He, Yuxin Wang, Pengchen He, Liguang Dou, Renwu Zhou, Dongliang Chen, Tao Shao","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12378","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen generated by water electrolysis is considered as one of the most promising protocols to partly replace the roles of traditional fossil fuels. However, high-performance electrocatalyst satisfied with the industrial requirement still faces significant challenges. Low-temperature plasma contains numerous high-energy ions, electrons and other reactive species, which can provide a highly reactive environment for tuning the physio-chemical structures of catalysts through plasma milling, etching, doping and/or deposition. It is well-known that high-temperature micro-filaments contained in plasmas can cause some special modifications of the catalyst surface, thus effectively adjusting the physio-chemical structure of latterly engineered compounds. Therefore, low-temperature plasma technologies, especially the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and radio frequency (RF) plasmas, can be considered as a green and sustainable strategy for engineering high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting (hydrogen evolution reaction [HER]; oxygen evolution reaction [OER]). Herein, recent progress of DBD and RF plasmas for fabricating and modifying transition metal-based electrocatalysts (e.g. sulphide, phosphide, selenide, oxide, hydroxide) for hydrogen evolution reaction or OER is comprehensively reviewed, and the role of plasma is also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"8 6","pages":"1115-1131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High VoltagePub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12377
Chen Chen, Yutong Zhang, Huijun Zhao, Zongren Peng, Qingyu Wang
{"title":"Acoustic carrier signal transmission technology and its potential for in-site monitoring of sliding electrical contact used in gas-insulated switchgear/gas-insulated transmission line","authors":"Chen Chen, Yutong Zhang, Huijun Zhao, Zongren Peng, Qingyu Wang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12377","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12377","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A wireless signal transmission technology based on acoustic carrier is proposed, which overcomes the limitation of electromagnetic signal shielding and shows great potential for in-site monitoring of sliding electrical contact used in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS)/gas-insulated transmission line (GIL). Here, the state parameter of the sliding electrical contact is modulated onto the frequency domain of an ultrasound wave. As a mechanical wave, the ultrasonic wave is immune to electromagnetic shielding, so that it could carry the sensing signal to penetrate the metal shielding layer and transmit to the external terminals of GIS/GIL. The principle and signal modulation process of the acoustic carrier based transmission system have been demonstrated in detail. Both simulation and experiment have been conducted to analyse the system characteristics as well as optimise the system configuration. As a proof-of-concept application, the in situ and on-line monitoring of the thermal rise of a slide electrical contact both in a current loading equivalent model and a prototype of GIS is demonstrated. Experimental results fit well with the physical process, and show a good measurement accuracy of 0.6% and temperature sensitivity of 400 Hz/°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 2","pages":"287-295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on surface discharge of nonlinear conductive epoxy resin/SrTiO3 composites in 80–300 K temperature zone","authors":"Yunqi Xing, Bin Wang, Mingyang Wang, Jiakai Chi, Peng Jia, Rongjin Huang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12381","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12381","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bisphenol F epoxy resin (EP) is often used in terminal current lead insulation of superconducting equipment because of its good insulation performance, high mechanical strength, good toughness at cryogenic temperatures, and resistance to cold shock and heat shock. However, due to the wide temperature range of 80–300 K and the strong electric field, the EP-N<sub>2</sub> interface is prone to surface flashover, resulting in terminal insulation failure. To improve the reliability of the current lead insulation, non-linear conductive EP/strontium titanate (SrTiO<sub>3</sub>) composites were prepared by modification with nano filling. The changes of dielectric, surface discharge, flashover, and trap distribution characteristics of composite materials were studied, and the mechanism of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> on the surface flashover of composite materials was analysed. The results show that the conductivity of the composite increases with the rise of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> filling content, and the amplitude of improvement is greater under the strong electric field, showing a more significant non-linearity. The composite has a lower trap energy level and a greater number of shallow traps compared to pure EP, which accelerates surface charge de-trapping and reduces charge accumulation, effectively enhancing the discharge and surface flashover voltage of the composite.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 1","pages":"117-126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High VoltagePub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12375
Yan Yang, Xueyang Bai, Yuxing Lei, Kai Liu, Guangning Wu
{"title":"Voltage rise rate-related generalised probabilistic lifetime model of turn-to-turn insulation in inverter-fed motors","authors":"Yan Yang, Xueyang Bai, Yuxing Lei, Kai Liu, Guangning Wu","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12375","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12375","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The lifetime model of turn-to-turn insulation in inverter-fed motors is studied. A lifetime model has been built by considering the effect of inverter-generated high voltage rise rate (d<i>v</i>/d<i>t</i> up to 20 V/ns). This model is followed by the generalised probabilistic model, in which the lifetime is proportional to the <i>n</i>th power of the voltage rise rate. Moreover, by investigating the effect of voltage rise rate on the partial discharge characteristics, it is found that the effect of voltage rise rate on the charge transport process in a voltage cycle is similar to that of the voltage amplitude. The enhanced partial discharge activity and induced charges are responsible for accelerated ageing and thus determine the final lifetime of turn-to-turn insulation. In this case, the generalised probabilistic electric lifetime model is applicable to the voltage rise rate as well as the voltage amplitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 1","pages":"46-55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ag-doped Ti3C2Tx sensor: A promising candidate for low-concentration H2S gas sensing","authors":"Fuping Zeng, Xiaoxuan Feng, Xiaoyue Chen, Hao Qiu, Yiming Yan, Qiang Yao, Ju Tang","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12376","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12376","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trace hydrogen sulphide (H<sub>2</sub>S) could reflect the severity of insulation faults in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS), therefore, accurate and fast detection of low-concentration H<sub>2</sub>S is important for on-line monitoring, fault diagnosis, and state evaluation in GIS. Ag-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> chemiresistive-type sensors were fabricated via drop-coating with self-reduction synthesised Ag-doped Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>. The as-prepared sensors exhibited an excellent sensitivity and selectivity to H<sub>2</sub>S with an extremely low detection of limit of 18.57 parts per billion (ppb) at 25°C (room temperature). The response of Ag-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> sensor to 10 parts per million (ppm) H<sub>2</sub>S was enhanced ∼12 times than that of the pristine Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> sensor. The compositing of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> with Ag nanoparticles (NPs) enabled the fast response/recovery time for H<sub>2</sub>S detection. Further analysis found that the enhanced H<sub>2</sub>S sensing performances could be attributed to chemical sensitisation, adsorbed oxygen species regulation and high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area. This study paves the way for Ag-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> as room-temperature sensing materials to detect low-concentration H<sub>2</sub>S in GIS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 3","pages":"537-545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High VoltagePub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.1049/hve2.12372
Lin Yang, Zhiqiang Chen, Yanpeng Hao, Xinhao Lin, Lei Yu, Yue Li, Zhiyong Yuan, Licheng Li
{"title":"Experimental study on ice monitoring method for 10 kV transmission line with tangent tower in alpine landform","authors":"Lin Yang, Zhiqiang Chen, Yanpeng Hao, Xinhao Lin, Lei Yu, Yue Li, Zhiyong Yuan, Licheng Li","doi":"10.1049/hve2.12372","DOIUrl":"10.1049/hve2.12372","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ice monitoring methods were applied for 110 kV and above transmission lines with tangent towers. However, the change in the vertical span is not considered, and a significant difference lies in the tower-conductor structure of 10 kV transmission lines. For this reason, a proposal is made about the ice monitoring method for the 10 kV transmission line with tangent tower in alpine landform, which includes the ice monitoring system based on pressure measurement and corresponding equivalent ice thickness calculating methods. Different methods calculate the vertical span under different height difference coefficients. A finite element simulation model and a simulated ice load experiment system are established based on real conductors and insulators. Experiments and simulations under four simulated terrains are conducted within 2.5–20 mm ice thickness range. The comparison is made between this method and the method without considering the change in vertical span. The results show that the two methods are consistent and the relative errors are lower than ±4% in simulation and ±10% in experiment when the height difference coefficient is 0. When it is not 0, the relative errors of this method fall between +0.38% and +6.78% in simulation and −6.40% to +6.60% in experiment, while the relative errors of the method without considering the change in vertical span ranges between −11.13% and −20.23% in simulation and −11.65% to −23.20% in experiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48649,"journal":{"name":"High Voltage","volume":"9 1","pages":"182-194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/hve2.12372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}