Advances in Climate Change Research最新文献

{"title":"Changes of the trace metals in ice core during 1915‒2016 in coastal eastern Antarctica","authors":"Jing-Wen Liu ,&nbsp;Chuan-Jin Li ,&nbsp;Gui-Tao Shi ,&nbsp;Yan Liu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Heng Du ,&nbsp;Ming-Hu Ding ,&nbsp;Shao-Peng Gao ,&nbsp;Cun-De Xiao ,&nbsp;Shi-Chang Kang ,&nbsp;Bo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antarctic trace metal records provide important information for grasping the influence of human activities on the environment over the last centuries. The CA2016-75 ice core is located along the East Antarctic Zhongshan Station–Dome A, enhances the record of metals research in the East Antarctic region, and its high-resolution supplies data support for the study of high-frequency climatic drivers and the effect of human activities on the Antarctic environment. A thorough dataset on seven trace metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ba and Pb) in a coastal ice core in eastern Antarctica during the previous 102 years (1915–2016) is presented in this study. Pb has the lowest concentration (9.51 ± 20.95 pg g⁻¹), and Ba has the highest concentration (36.57 ± 51.35 ng g⁻¹). Notable variations are observed between the pre-1968 AD and post-1968 AD phases for Mn, Zn and Ba. The abrupt, remarkable increase in the concentrations coincided with the change of metal smelting production in the southern hemisphere. In addition to this, it may also be related to local Antarctic scientific research activities. Al and Fe, the primary crustal elements, are essentially obtained from soil dust; Cu shows high crustal enrichment factors (EFc, &gt;10), indicating that it is notably affected by anthropogenic activities. Moreover, the anthropogenic activities in the Southern Hemisphere have had an impact on lead deposition in Antarctica. This study not only enriches the trace metal historical record along the Zhongshan Station–Dome A but also provides a high-resolution ice core record, which is very crucial for the reconstruction of trace metal concentration changes in the last 100 years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 596-608"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824001035/pdfft?md5=c71840301199c3a147cea1189ae49ec9&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824001035-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorely reducing emissions of non-methane short-lived climate forcers will worsen compound flood-heatwave extremes in the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-methane short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) or near-term climate forcer (NTCF) emissions, as a significant driver of climate change, can be reduced to improve air quality. These reductions may contribute to additional warming of the climate system in the short term, thereby strongly affecting the likelihood of climate extremes. However, there has been no quantitative assessment of the impact of non-methane SLCF mitigation on compound flood–heatwave extremes (CFHEs). This study quantitatively investigates the changes in future (2031–2050 versus 1995–2014) CFHEs and the resulting population exposure in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) due to non-methane SLCF reductions. We used multi-model ensemble simulations under two future scenarios from the Aerosol and Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project (AerChemMIP) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). The two future scenarios share the same greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions but have weak (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 3–7.0) versus strong (SSP3-7.0-lowNTCF) levels of air quality control measures. The results show that future non-methane SLCF reductions during 2031–2050 results in about a 7.3% ± 2.3% increase in grid exposure to CFHEs in the NH relative to the period 1995–2014. The frequency, intensity, and duration of CFHEs increase by varying degrees. During the period 2031–2050, the frequency of CFHEs across the NH increases by 2.9 ± 0.9 events per decade due to non-methane SLCF reductions. The increases in CFHE frequency are more pronounced in East Asia, South Asia, Siberia, and northern and eastern North America. In East and South Asia, the intensities of both heatwaves and floods corresponding to CFHEs increase markedly, where heatwave magnitude (HWM) increases by 0.3 ± 0.2 K in East Asia and weighted average precipitation (WAP) increases by 18.3% ± 15.3% and 12.0% ± 4.5% in East Asia and South Asia, respectively. In other regions, rising temperatures dominate the increase in CFHEs. With regard to the duration of CFHEs, future reductions in non-methane SLCFs increases the duration of CFHEs in the NH by 0.3 ± 0.1 d. Regionally, the sensitivity of CFHE frequency to global warming caused by non-methane SLCF mitigation is 1.2–1.9 times higher than that caused by GHG forcing. Non-methane SLCFs results in NH-averaged increases in population exposure to CFHEs of (5.0 ± 2.0) × 10⁵ person·event in the period 2031–2050. This study emphasizes the importance of considering the impacts of cleaner air in future responses to compound extremes and corresponding societal planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 737-750"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000741/pdfft?md5=9d41391329b3fafcb6f7870f36e6e685&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000741-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141142683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantial increase of heat-induced labor and economic loss in China under rapid economic and environmental temperature growth","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to heat stress causes diminished work performance and leads to economic loss. In the last two decades, China has experienced both rapid economic development and environmental warming; however, the spatiotemporal variations of association between environmental heat and labor loss have been rarely investigated behind this double impact. Here, we evaluated the variation in China's heat-induced labor productivity loss and related economic cost from 2001 to 2019 and investigated the effect of economic development and regional warming. We found that decline in labor productivity because of heat stress increased significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 for heavy-intensity work), and the corresponding economic loss also exhibited a drastic increase by 6- to 9-fold. The relative economic loss showed a slight but nonsignificant increase with an average value of 0.54% of the annual total earnings. At the sub-regional and sectoral level, adverse effects were more prominent in the southeast region, and the secondary industry sectors, such as construction and manufacturing, contributed to larger proportions of economic losses. The transformation of industrial structure made economic sectors more vulnerable to heat exposure, and increasingly preventive effects of air-conditioning use were noted on economic damage due to heat-induced productivity decline (36.0% relative economic benefits in 2019 compared to 9.7% in 2001). Our findings could provide a deep insight into heat burden on occupational health and heat adaptation strategies regionally under climate change, especially in developing areas with higher temperature and humidity environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 708-716"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000820/pdfft?md5=f27a2eddfa61087d88ca1396137b6d21&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000820-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hourly land surface temperature retrieval over the Tibetan Plateau using Geo-LightGBM framework: Fusion of Himawari-8 satellite, ERA5 and site observations","authors":"Zhao-Hua Liu ,&nbsp;Shan-Shan Weng ,&nbsp;Zhao-Liang Zeng ,&nbsp;Ming-Hu Ding ,&nbsp;Ya-Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhehao Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is highly sensitive to even minor fluctuations in land surface temperature (LST), which can result in permafrost melting and degradation of alpine grasslands, leading to serious ecological consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to have high-temporal-resolution and seamless hourly estimating and monitoring of LST for a better understanding of climate change on the TP. Here, we employed Himawari-8 satellite, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), ERA5 reanalysis and meteorological station observations data to develop a new LightGBM framework (called Geo-LightGBM) for estimating LST on the TP, and then analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of those LST. Geo-LightGBM demonstrated excellent LST estimation accuracy, with an <em>R</em>² (coefficient of determination) of 0.971, RMSE (root-mean-square error) of 2.479 °C, and MAE (mean absolute error) of 1.510 °C. The estimated LST values for the year 2020 agreed well with observed values, with remarkable differences in hourly LST variations. Meanwhile, the estimated LST was more accurate than that from FY-4A. Spatially, there were two high LST centers, located in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin and the Qaidam Basin, and a low LST center located in the central TP. The SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) and correlation analyses revealed DSCS (the mean ground downward shortwave radiation under clear-sky conditions) to be the most importantly input variable for estimating LST. Spatiotemporal dummy variables (<em>e.g.</em>, longitude, latitude, DEM) were also found to be crucial for model accuracy improvement. Our findings indicate the potential for constructing a high-precision and seamless 24-h LST real-time retrieval and monitoring platform for the TP by combining satellite and China's independently developed CLDAS (China Land Data Assimilation System) data in future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 623-635"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000832/pdfft?md5=ee24fb3c8996406a446fc1adf3edd53b&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000832-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142151954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The historical to future linkage of Arctic amplification on extreme precipitation over the Northern Hemisphere using CMIP5 and CMIP6 models","authors":"Jun Liu,&nbsp;Xiao-Fan Wang,&nbsp;Dong-You Wu,&nbsp;Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arctic warming played a dominant role in recent occurrences of extreme events over the Northern Hemisphere, but climate models cannot accurately simulate the relationship. Here a significant positive correlation (0.33–0.95) between extreme precipitation and Arctic amplification (AA) is found using observations and CMIP5/6 multi-model ensembles. However, CMIP6 models are superior to CMIP5 models in simulating the temporal evolution of extreme precipitation and AA. According to 14 optimal CMIP6 models, the maximum latitude of planetary waves and the strength of Northern Hemisphere annular mode (NAM) will increase with increasing AA, contributing to increased extreme precipitation over the Northern Hemisphere. Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP5-8.5, AA is expected to increase by 0.85 °C per decade while the maximum latitude of planetary waves will increase by 2.82° per decade. Additionally, the amplitude of the NAM will increase by 0.21 hPa per decade, contributing to a rise in extreme precipitation of 1.17% per decade for R95pTOT and 0.86% per decade for R99pTOT by 2100.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 573-583"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824001084/pdfft?md5=10f6cc332aafc97d9afbdbf8b7b3770d&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824001084-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Winter extreme precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale” [Adv. Clim. Change Res. 15 (2024) 42–51]","authors":"Qing-Quan Li ,&nbsp;Miao Bi ,&nbsp;Song Yang ,&nbsp;Qing-Yuan Wu ,&nbsp;Yi-Hui Ding ,&nbsp;Xin-Yong Shen ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ting Sun ,&nbsp;Meng-Chu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 766-767"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824001047/pdfft?md5=f0bc3a8a0b97b621b55de64988ea0e1c&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824001047-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141689073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profound loss of microbial necromass carbon in permafrost thaw-subsidence in the central Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Wen-Ting Zhou ,&nbsp;Quan-Lian Li ,&nbsp;Shi-Chang Kang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Dong Wu ,&nbsp;Tian MA ,&nbsp;Xiao-Bo Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Xiong ,&nbsp;Tanuj Shukla ,&nbsp;Maheswar Rupakheti ,&nbsp;Dipesh Rupakheti ,&nbsp;Da-He Qin ,&nbsp;Xiu-Feng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate warming is causing rapid permafrost degradation, including thaw-induced subsidence, potentially resulting in heightened carbon release. Nevertheless, our understanding of the levels and variations of carbon components in permafrost, particularly during the degradation process, remains limited. The uncertainties arising from this process lead to inaccurate assessments of the climate effects during permafrost degradation. With vast expanses of permafrost in the Tibetan Plateau, there is limited research available on SOC components, particularly in the central Tibetan Plateau. Given remarkable variations in hydrothermal conditions across different areas of the Tibetan Plateau, the existing limited studies make it challenging to assess the overall SOC components in the permafrost across the Tibetan Plateau and simulate their future changes. In this study, we examined the properties of soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial necromass carbon (MicrobialNC) in a representative permafrost thaw-subsidence area at the southern edge of continuous permafrost in the central Tibetan Plateau. The results indicate that prior to the thaw-subsidence, the permafrost had a SOC content of 72.68 ± 18.53 mg g⁻¹, with MicrobialNC accounting for 49.6%. The thaw-subsidence of permafrost led to a 56.4% reduction in SOC, with MicrobialNC accounting for 70.0% of the lost SOC. MicrobialNC constitutes the primary component of permafrost SOC, and it is the main component that is lost during thaw-subsidence formation. Changes in MicrobialNC are primarily correlated with factors pH, plant input, and microbial properties. The present study holds crucial implications for both the ecological and biogeochemical processes associated with carbon release from permafrost, and it furnishes essential data necessary for modeling the global response of permafrost to climate warming. Based on this study and previous research, permafrost thawing in the Tibetan Plateau causes substantial loss of SOC. However, there's remarkable heterogeneity in SOC component changes across different regions, warranting further in-depth investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 647-657"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824001023/pdfft?md5=fe95cdbd50458af74bc6b80a0b828b04&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824001023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141702523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of life-cycle carbon dioxide emissions of arterial highway maintenance and the influencing factors","authors":"Yao Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan-Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Shu-Juan Ji ,&nbsp;Si-Jia Sun ,&nbsp;Shu-Hong Ma ,&nbsp;Ya-Nan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the focus of highway development transitioning from construction to maintenance, a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics and influencing factors of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from highway maintenance activities is crucial for formulating effective strategies to promote the low-carbon development of road infrastructure. However, the quantitative relationships between CO₂ emissions from highway maintenance schemes and factors such as pavement deterioration, traffic volume, and road grade remain unclear owing to a lack of comprehensive, multi-category, and real data. Using real maintenance data from 340 arterial highway segments in China, this study conducts the life cycle assessment (LCA) to estimate CO₂ emissions from maintenance activities and examines the primary emission sources among various structural layers and materials. Furthermore, multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis is conducted to investigate the impact of traffic volume, road grade, and pavement deterioration on CO₂ emissions from maintenance projects, and factors influencing the early-stage degradation of pavement performance. The results demonstrate that average CO₂ emissions from heavy rehabilitation projects are 6.97 times higher than those from medium rehabilitation projects. Emissions from heavy rehabilitation projects exhibit a significantly negative linear relationship with the riding quality index (RQI) before maintenance (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), and emissions from medium rehabilitation projects show a significant negative linear relationship with the pavement condition index (PCI) before maintenance (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Emissions from heavy and medium rehabilitation projects are significantly positively correlated with heavy vehicle traffic volume before maintenance (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the early-stage degradation of PCI after heavy rehabilitation and RQI after medium rehabilitation exhibit significantly negative linear relationships with their respective indicators before maintenance (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The early-stage degradation of RQI after heavy rehabilitation is significantly positively correlated with CO₂ emissions from the base course and cushion layers (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The findings emphasize that timely maintenance and reduction of CO₂ emissions from asphalt mixing equipment are essential for mitigating emissions from road maintenance. This study offers valuable insights for advancing the low-carbon development of highways in temperate regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 751-765"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824001096/pdfft?md5=292d012f7e7b39fd4487d66e10d36669&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824001096-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141853213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the energy budget of thermokarst lake in permafrost regions of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau","authors":"Ze-Yong Gao ,&nbsp;Fu-Jun Niu ,&nbsp;Yi-Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Luo ,&nbsp;Guo-An Yin ,&nbsp;Yun-Hu Shang ,&nbsp;Zhan-Ju Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermokarst lake formation accelerates permafrost degradation due to climate warming, thereby releasing significant amounts of carbon into the atmosphere, complicating hydrological cycles, and causing environmental damage. However, the energy transfer mechanism from the surface to the sediment of thermokarst lakes remains largely unexplored, thereby limiting our understanding of the magnitude and duration of biogeochemical processes and hydrological cycles. Therefore, herein, a typical thermokarst lake situated in the center of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) was selected for observation and energy budget modeling. Our results showed that the net radiation of the thermokarst lake surface was 95.1, 156.9, and 32.3 W m⁻² for the annual, ice-free, and ice-covered periods, respectively, and was approximately 76% of the net radiation consumed by latent heat flux. Alternations in heat storage in the thermokarst lake initially increased from January to April, then decreased from April to December, with a maximum change of 48.1 W m⁻² in April. The annual average heat fluxes from lake water to sediments were 1.4 W m⁻²; higher heat fluxes occurred during the ice-free season at a range of 4.9–12.0 W m⁻². The imbalance between heat absorption and release in the millennium scale caused the underlying permafrost of the thermokarst lake to completely thaw. At present, the ground temperature beneath the lake bottom at a depth of 15 m has reached 2.0 °C. The temperatures and vapor-pressure conditions of air and lake surfaces control the energy budget of the thermokarst lake. Our findings indicate that changes in the hydrologic regime shifts and biogeochemical processes are more frequent under climate warming and permafrost degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000856/pdfft?md5=cecc6b9435acaf2365c0d7d8bdf007fd&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000856-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142151955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme precipitation detection ability of four high-resolution precipitation product datasets in hilly area: a case study in Nepal","authors":"Sunil Subba ,&nbsp;Yao-Ming Ma ,&nbsp;Wei-Qiang Ma ,&nbsp;Cun-Bo Han","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given Nepal's vulnerability to extreme precipitation (EP), it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive analysis to comprehend the historical trends of such events. However, acquiring precise precipitation data for EP remains challenging in mountainous countries like Nepal owing to the scarcity of densely gauged networks. This limitation impedes the dissemination of knowledge pertaining to EP variability events in Nepal. The current research on this topic is deficient for two main reasons: 1) there is a lack of studies leveraging recently released high-resolution precipitation products to identify their EP detection capabilities, which further hinders the usability of those products in data-scarce regions like Nepal, and 2) most studies have focused on the characterisation of EP events in Nepal rather than their spatial and temporal variability. To address these issues, this study evaluated the EP detection capabilities of four high-resolution precipitation product datasets (PPDs) across Nepal from 1985 to 2020. These datasets include the ERA5 Land reanalysis data, satellite-based precipitation data (PERSIANN_CCS_CDR and CHIRPS_V2.0) and a merged dataset (TPHiPr). We used various statistical and categorical indices to assess their ability to capture the spatial and temporal variability of EP events. The annual EP events were characterised by 11 indices divided into frequency and intensity categories. The TPHiPr merged dataset offered a robust depiction of monthly precipitation estimates, achieving the highest critical success index, accuracy, probability of detection and a low false alarm ratio for daily precipitation detection of 0.1 mm in Nepal. Conversely, the PERSIANN_CCS_CDR dataset exhibited poor performance. Most PPDs showed increasing trends in EP indices. However, the TPHiPr dataset showcased those trends with fewer errors and stronger correlations for many frequency (R10mm, R20mm and R25mm) and intensity (RX1day, RX5day, PRCPTOT and R99p) indices. The results indicate that TPHiPr outperformed other PPDs in accurately representing the spatial distribution of EP trends in Nepal from 1985 to 2020, particularly noting an exacerbation of EP events mostly in the eastern region of Nepal throughout the study period. While TPHiPr demonstrated superior performance in detecting various EP indices across Nepal, individual products like the ERA5 Land reanalysis dataset showed enhanced performance in the western region of Nepal. Conversely, PERSIANN_CCS_CDR and CHIRPS_V2.0 performed well in the eastern region compared to other PPDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 390-405"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000765/pdfft?md5=e9e47c2dcef48f90da6d33201c5a5176&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000765-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}