Advances in Climate Change Research最新文献

{"title":"Accelerated glacier mass loss in the mid-latitude Eurasia from 2019 to 2022 revealed by ICESat-2","authors":"Gen-Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Chang-Qing Ke ,&nbsp;Yu-Bin Fan ,&nbsp;Xiao-Yi Shen ,&nbsp;Yu Cai ,&nbsp;Vahid Nourani","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamics of glaciers serve as one of the most important indicators of climate change. Whilst current research has primarily concentrated on long-term interannual glacier mass balance and its response to climate change, glaciers may respond more rapidly to climate change, highlighting the urgent need for intra-annual mass balance estimations. Investigating seasonal or short-term variations in glacier mass balance not only enhances our understanding of the interactions between glaciers and the climate system but also provides crucial data for water resource management and ecological protection. The ICESat-2 and NASADEM datasets were used to estimate the inter- and intra-annual glacier mass balance changes in the mid-latitude Eurasia from 2019 to 2022. Additionally, the response of glacier mass balance to regional air temperature and precipitation values was analysed using ERA5-Land data and multiple regression analysis, respectively. From 2019 to 2022, glacier mass loss in mid-latitude Eurasia reached −45.02 ± 34.21 Gt per year, contributing to a global sea-level rise of 0.12 ± 0.09 mm per year. The glacier melt rate in the study area from 2019 to 2022 was 2.33 times higher than that from 2000 to 2019. With the exception of the Western Kunlun region, which experienced a weak accumulation rate of 0.04 ± 0.35 m w.e. per year, all other areas experienced ablation states. Seasonal mass balance responds differently to temperature and precipitation variations across seasons: higher temperatures in different seasons lead to more negative mass balances, while increased winter and spring precipitation can slow down glacier melt. Air temperature dominates the glacier mass balance changes in the study area. The intense heat in 2022 raised average glacier temperatures by 1.04 °C compared to 2019–2021, resulting in a more negative mass balance and an increased ice loss of −0.34 ± 1.01 m w.e. per year (−35.07 ± 103.22 Gt per year). This analysis indicates that glacier mass balance is highly sensitive to climate change, even on a seasonal scale. Moreover, the high precision and spatiotemporal resolution ICESat-2 data can facilitate the investigation of large-scale glacier mass balance on short time scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 815-829"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring ground temperature and deformation of the cast-in-place footings in permafrost regions on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau","authors":"Chao-Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Yan-Hui You ,&nbsp;Bin Yao ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Pei-Heng Guo ,&nbsp;Lei Guo ,&nbsp;Xin-Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Qi-Hao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long-term stability of the cast-in-place footings in permafrost regions has received much attention due to its climate sensitivity. The current research lacks long-term data validation, especially in the context of climate change. Based on the 13-year (2011–2023) temperature and deformation monitoring data from the Qinghai‒Tibet Power Transmission Line, this study investigates the characteristics of permafrost variation and its impact on the stability of tower footings under the cooling effect from thermosyphons. The results reveal that the thermosyphons effectively reduce the ground temperature around the footings. After the first freeze‒thaw cycle, the soil around the tower footings completed refreezing and maintained a frozen state. In the following 13 years, the ground temperature continued to decrease due to the cooling effect of thermosyphons. The duration notably exceeded the previously predicted 5 years. The temperature reduction at the base of the footings corresponded well with the frost jacking of the tower footings and could be divided into three distinct phases. In phase 1, the ground temperature around the footings rapidly reduced, approaching that of the natural field, while the footings experienced pronounced deformation. In phase 2, the ground temperature decreased at a faster rate, and the deformation rate of the footings slowed down. In phase 3, the frost jacking of the footings gradually retarded with the decrease in base temperature. Additionally, the ground temperature differences of over 1 °C were observed among different tower footings, which may lead to the differential deformation among the tower footings. The ground temperature differentiation is attributed to the difference in solar radiation intensity, which is shaded by the tower structure from different directions. This study provides theoretical support and empirical accumulation for the construction and maintenance of tower footings in permafrost regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 963-975"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of polar climate in 2023","authors":"Ming-Hu Ding ,&nbsp;Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Lin-Gen Bian ,&nbsp;Zhi-Na Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiang Lin ,&nbsp;Zhi-Feng Qu ,&nbsp;Jie Su ,&nbsp;Sai Wang ,&nbsp;Ting Wei ,&nbsp;Xiao-Chun Zhai ,&nbsp;Dong-Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Wen-Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Shou-Dong Zhao ,&nbsp;Kong-Ju Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The year 2023 has become the warmest year on global record. As the Antarctic and Arctic are sensitive regions to global warming, the climate changes in 2023 in these regions have attracted widespread attention. In this study, using observations, reanalysis and remote sensing data, we reported detailed polar climate changes in 2023, including warming, sea ice, atmospheric composition and extreme events. Antarctic exhibited large east‒west regional differences and the coexistence of extreme warm and cold events. In Coats Land, Queen Maud Land and the Antarctic Peninsula, three and seven stations recorded the second and third highest autumn air temperatures in history, respectively. The Amundsen–Scott station experienced extreme warming event in July, with the temperature increasing by 40 °C in one day. Abnormal cooling was evident in the Ross Sea and neighboring regions which were predominantly winter (June–August) cold anomalies, with Marylin Station reaching the lowest winter temperature in history. The Arctic experienced the warmest summer after 1979, with an overall distribution of ‘warm land‒cold sea’ on annual average. Compared with the 1991–2020 average, the annual air temperature anomalies reached more than 2 °C in northern Canada and the Barents Sea–Kara Sea coast. Abnormal high summer temperature caused most severe wildfires in Canada on record and second largest daily cumulative melt area over the Greenland ice Sheet daily post-1979. Polar sea ice continued to decrease rapidly, with minimum sea ice extent in Antarctic and Arctic ranking the first and sixth lowest post-1979. For melt season, Arctic Ocean sea ice began to melt later in 2023 than the 2011–2023 average, and freeze onset was delayed due to high temperatures in summer and autumn. Additionally, the status of polar atmospheric greenhouse gases remains bleak, and major greenhouse gas concentrations continue to increase. The Antarctic ozone hole in 2023 formed approximately 10 d earlier and lasted longer than the 1979–2023 average, with a maximum daily area of 2.6 × 10⁷ km² on 21 September. This summary of polar climate changes in 2023 will help people better understand global climate change and draw attention to polar regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 769-783"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of low-carbon technologies in China's integrated hydrogen supply and power system","authors":"Dai-Wei Li ,&nbsp;Jun-Ling Huang ,&nbsp;Dan Yu ,&nbsp;Da Zhang ,&nbsp;Xi-Liang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen and electricity are crucial and interdependent energy carriers in China's pursuit of carbon neutrality, suggesting the necessity of utilizing cost-effective low-carbon technologies that facilitate their integrated development. The cost-optimal, provincial level, deployment of low-carbon technologies under this long-term goal remains to be determined. This study employs the REPO model to identify the cost-optimal, low-carbon hydrogen production mixes and the evolution of the integrated power system of China from 2020 to 2050. The integrated planning and operation of hydrogen supply and power systems are explored at the provincial level. The role of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors in this integrated energy system is also analyzed. The results reveal that electrolytic hydrogen would dominate China's hydrogen supply after 2040, with alkaline, proton exchange membrane, and solid oxide electrolyzers produce over 1 Mt of hydrogen in the short term, by 2035, and in 2050. Leveraging the low-carbon heat production of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors in addition to its electricity generation to meet the thermal requirements of solid oxide electrolyzers could boost the output to 4.2 Mt in 2050 and reducing the total system CO₂ emissions and costs by 2.28% and 0.05%, respectively. By 2050, the integration of hydrogen supply and power systems also generates up to 2194 TW h of flexible electricity demand by electrolyzers, which raised the renewable energy penetration by 4 percentage points while decreasing the need of flexible natural gas power generations and energy storages. This study is valuable for proposing the analytical framework and performing the provincial-level study of decarbonization of China's integrated hydrogen supply and power system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 936-947"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-objective optimization approach for harnessing rainwater in changing climate","authors":"Ling-Yu Meng ,&nbsp;Zhan Tian ,&nbsp;Dong-Li Fan ,&nbsp;Frans H.M. van de Ven ,&nbsp;Laixiang Sun ,&nbsp;Qing-Hua Ye ,&nbsp;San-Xiang Sun ,&nbsp;Jun-Guo Liu ,&nbsp;Laura Nougues ,&nbsp;Daan Rooze","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the world grapples with the profound impacts of climate change, water scarcity has become a pressing issue. However, there is a shortage of in-depth research on the trade-offs between water resource dependence and the economic, ecological, and social needs of arid and semi-arid regions like Lanzhou, China. Flower cultivation in Lanzhou relies heavily on the Yellow River, often overlooking the potential of natural rainfall. Here we first calibrated a water balance model through artificial precipitation experiments in a Soil and Water Conservation Demonstration Park in Lanzhou. We then developed a multi-objective optimization model to balance the cost-benefit considerations of various plausible measures across economic, ecological, and social dimensions in the searching for solutions that are more adaptable to climate change and local development needs. Model simulations show that the solutions we designed can effectively manage water-shortage days, significantly reduce Yellow River water extraction, and improve cost-effectiveness, meeting 66%–80% of water needs for flower cultivation in the studied park. The findings highlight the potential of rainwater collection and utilization solutions to mitigate water scarcity in arid and semi-arid cities, thereby enriching water resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 976-987"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water budgets in an arid and alpine permafrost basin: Observations from the High Mountain Asia","authors":"Qing-Feng Wang ,&nbsp;Hui-Jun Jin ,&nbsp;Dong-Liang Luo ,&nbsp;Yu Sheng ,&nbsp;Jun Wen ,&nbsp;Chien-Lu Ping ,&nbsp;Mark H. Clark ,&nbsp;Qiang Ma ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ying Jin ,&nbsp;Ji-Chun Wu ,&nbsp;Yu-Zhong Yang ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Raul D. Şerban ,&nbsp;Daqing Yang ,&nbsp;Victor F. Bense ,&nbsp;Qing-Bai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground freeze‒thaw processes have significant impacts on infiltration, runoff and evapotranspiration. However, there are still critical knowledge gaps in understanding of hydrological processes in permafrost regions, especially of the interactions among permafrost, ecology, and hydrology. In this study, an alpine permafrost basin on the northeastern Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau was selected to conduct hydrological and meteorological observations. We analyzed the annual variations in runoff, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and changes in water storage, as well as the mechanisms for runoff generation in the basin from May 2014 to December 2015. The annual flow curve in the basin exhibited peaks both in spring and autumn floods. The high ratio of evapotranspiration to annual precipitation (&gt;1.0) in the investigated wetland is mainly due to the considerably underestimated ‘observed’ precipitation caused by the wind-induced instrumental error and the neglect of snow sublimation. The stream flow from early May to late October probably came from the lateral discharge of subsurface flow in alpine wetlands. This study can provide data support and validation for hydrological model simulation and prediction, as well as water resource assessment, in the upper Yellow River Basin, especially for the headwater area. The results also provide case support for permafrost hydrology modeling in ungauged or poorly gauged watersheds in the High Mountain Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 830-844"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turbulent heat fluxes in the North Water Polynya and ice estimated based on ASRv2 data and their impact on cloud","authors":"Hai-Yi Ren ,&nbsp;Mohammed Shokr ,&nbsp;Tian-Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi-Lun Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng-Ming Hui ,&nbsp;Xiao Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence or absence of sea ice introduces a substantial perturbation to surface‒atmosphere energy exchanges. Comprehending the effect of varying sea ice cover on surface‒atmosphere interactions is an important consideration for understanding the Arctic climate system. The recurring North Water Polynya (NOW) serves as a natural laboratory for isolating cloud responses to a rapid, near-step perturbation in sea ice. In this study, we employed high-resolution Arctic System Reanalysis version 2 (ASRv2) data to estimate turbulent heat fluxes over the NOW and nearby sea ice (NSI) area between 2005/2006 and 2015/2016. The results indicate that the average turbulent heat fluxes in the polynya are about 87% and 86% higher than in the NSI area over the 10 years during the entire duration of the polynya and during polar night, respectively. Enhanced turbulent heat fluxes from the polynya tend to produce more low-level clouds. The relationship between the polynya and low cloud in winter was examined based on Cloud‒Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO). The low-cloud fraction (0–2 km) was about 7%–34% larger over the polynya than the NSI area, and the ice water content below 200 m was about 250%–413% higher over the former than the latter. The correlation between cloud fraction and turbulent heat fluxes in the polynya peaks around the altitude of 200–300 m. These results suggest that the NOW affects the Arctic boundary layer cloudiness and structure in wintertime. Furthermore, higher horizontal resolution reanalysis data can advance our understanding of the cloud-polynya response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 798-814"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of fast ice anomalies and their causes in 2023 in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica","authors":"Jun-Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Xin-Qing Li ,&nbsp;Shao-Yin Wang ,&nbsp;Zi-Xin Wei ,&nbsp;Feng-Ming Hui ,&nbsp;Xiao Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2023, Antarctica experienced its lowest sea ice extent in the satellite era, with extreme polar events gaining widespread attention. Prydz Bay, where the Chinese Zhongshan Station is located, is the third largest embayment in Antarctica. Changes in sea ice, fast ice and polynyas directly affect local heat and mass exchanges between the ocean and atmosphere, as well as ecosystems and research activities. In 2023, substantial fast ice anomalies were observed in Prydz Bay: the extent of fast ice off Zhongshan Station (ZSFI) was anomalously low, while that within Barrier Bay (BaFI) was anomalously high. This study analysed the seasonal evolution and underlying main causes for the extreme conditions using ice charts, satellites and reanalysis data. From 2014 to 2022, the extent of ZSFI typically increased during the cold season, reaching a maximum of (9.41 ± 2.47) × 10³ km², whilst the Barrier Bay Polynya (BaP) persisted throughout this period. However, in 2023, ZSFI did not increase from June onwards, peaking at a maximum extent of only 5.49 × 10³ km², and the BaP closed in mid-winter, leading to the formation of extensive BaFI. Air temperature and wind speed continuously dropped in July, and these conditions persisted for approximately 1 month, leading to the closure of BaP. However, ZSFI did not expand further under these extreme meteorological conditions, indicating its independence from these factors. The limited expansion of ZSFI could be attributed to high ocean temperatures. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms driving extreme fast ice conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 784-797"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National water use of coal-fired power generation: Hybrid life cycle assessment in China","authors":"Jia-Hai Yuan ,&nbsp;Ke-Xin Peng ,&nbsp;Hui-Ming Xu ,&nbsp;Chang-Hong Zhao ,&nbsp;Hao-Nan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies of water use for coal-fired power generation may have overlooked inter-sectoral impacts in the supply chain. Indeed, to devise effective water conservation strategies during the ongoing energy transition, it is of utmost importance to analyze the sectoral water use structures and flows in the supply chain and identify the sources of water scarcity. Therefore, based on the power sector-split environmentally extended input‒output (EEIO) model and the life cycle assessment (LCA) idea, we comprehensively analyze the nexus between coal-fired power generation and water use from a sectoral perspective. Our findings reveal a complex and diverse water use structure in coal-fired power generation. The technology of production inherently determines the high intensity of water withdrawal, and the close intersectoral linkages, particularly with agriculture, construction, and some industrial sectors, in the production process result in an intricate web of indirect water withdrawal and blue water footprint (WF). Moreover, the grey WF, primarily sourced from coal mining and indirectly tied to tertiary industries, underscores critical areas for attention in water pollution management. Finally, water use in the coal-fired power sector is projected to remain at elevated levels in the short to medium term under various transition strategies. Following an in-depth exploration of the coal-fired power‒water use nexus, the findings can offer new perspectives and specific entry points for sustainable energy development and water resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 948-962"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific land greening under climate change: Theory, modeling, and challenges","authors":"Jia-Na Chen ,&nbsp;Zai-Chun Zhu ,&nbsp;Sen Cao ,&nbsp;Peng-Jun Zhao ,&nbsp;Pei Liu ,&nbsp;Da-Jing Li ,&nbsp;Wei-Min Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic land greening is a vital strategy to combat the global warming crisis. However, the changing external environment and endowment factors may constrain the effectiveness of land greening. It remains unclear how to quantify and optimize land greening strategies scientifically. This article reviewed the theoretical foundations of land greening, pointing out that climate governance and human settlement quality improvement have gradually become the two core objectives of land greening since the 20th century. Multi-source and multi-scale experimental and observational surveys are important techniques for detecting and evaluating long-term land greening in the context of climate change, especially by forming experimental and observational networks. The theoretical mechanisms of interactions among climate, humans, and vegetation were also explored. For modeling approaches, hybrid modeling based on Earth system coupling theory may be the most promising but challenging approach. Four main challenges of scientific land greening were also discussed, including knowledge gaps related to land greening mechanisms, unclear multifaceted effects of land greening, lack of forward-looking quantitative assessment, and difficulties in evaluating synergies and trade-offs among assessment targets. Based on these, a strategic framework was proposed, including systematic observation, mechanism research, expectation assessment, and scientific planning for scientific greening programs in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area. This review underscored the importance of proactively implementing land greening programs and provided guidelines for scientific greening based on cutting-edge theory and methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 894-913"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}