Bioimpacts最新文献

{"title":"Long-term pulmonary complications in sulfur mustard-exposed patients: gene expression and DNA methylation of OGG1.","authors":"Mohammad Saber Zamani, Tooba Ghazanfari","doi":"10.34172/bi.2023.27735","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.2023.27735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is well established that tissues exposed to sulfur mustard (SM) generate high levels of reactive oxygen species. This leads to oxidative stress and, ultimately, damage to DNA molecules over the course of time. Additionally, SM, through its alkylating effects, is capable of directly damaging DNA on its own. In cells, these damages trigger a variety of DNA repair pathways, including the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Even so, in the long run, it remains unclear how the BER repair pathways will react.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess the promoter DNA methylation and the mRNA expression of 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1), one of the key components of the BER pathway, in patient PBMCs that were exposed to SM 27 years ago using methylation-sensitive high resolution melting and qPCR. The study was conducted on three groups of participants exposed to SM with mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 24), and severe (n = 20) lung complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed significant OGG1 mRNA overexpression was observed in moderate groups compared to mild groups (<i>P</i> = 0.036). DNA methylation was also altered in mild-moderate and moderate-severe groups (<i>P</i> < 0.0001 and 0.023, respectively). Although aging was significantly associated with OGG1 mRNA expression, promoter DNA methylation of OGG1 was not associated with its mRNA expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed differences in OGG1 mRNA expression and DNA methylation among the severity groups of long-term pulmonary complications associated with SM exposure. However, there was no correlation between OGG1 DNA methylation and mRNA expression. Therefore, it appears that other mechanisms may be contributing to the dysregulation of OGG1 mRNA expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"27735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular drug delivery systems for Diabetic retinopathy: Current and future prospective.","authors":"Sayed Latif Taheri, Safoora Poorirani, Sayed Abolfazl Mostafavi","doi":"10.34172/bi.30127","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In pharmaceutical research and development, novel drug delivery systems represent a significant advancement aimed at enhancing the efficacy of therapeutic agents through innovative delivery mechanisms. The primary objective of these systems is to transport therapeutic compounds to specific target sites, such as tumors and afflicted tissues, with the dual purpose of mitigating side effects and toxicity associated with the drugs while concurrently augmenting therapeutic effectiveness. Numerous innovative drug delivery strategies have been scrutinized for their applicability in the context of targeted ocular drug delivery. Diverse novel carriers, including but not limited to implants, hydrogels, metal nanoparticles, Nano-liposomes, micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), emulsions, and biodegradable nanoparticles, have been harnessed to facilitate the controlled release of pharmaceutical agents to the retina and vitreous. These carriers offer distinct advantages, such as enhanced intraocular drug delivery, precise control over drug release kinetics, heightened stability, and superior entrapment efficiency. This comprehensive review seeks to elucidate the current strides made in the realm of carriers and their contemporary applications in treating diabetic retinopathy (DR). Furthermore, it underscores these carriers' pivotal role in achieving efficacious intraocular drug delivery. Additionally, this article explores the various administration routes, potential future advancements, and the multifaceted challenges confronting the domain of novel carriers in treating DR. In conclusion, novel formulations are introduced to surmount the challenges associated with intraocular drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinoic acid-releasing scaffold based on chitosan hydrogel and testis decellular plates.","authors":"Hooman Zarei, Mansoureh Movahedin, Fariba Ganji, Ali Ghiaseddin","doi":"10.34172/bi.30007","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The use of releasing scaffolds is promising for testes tissue engineering. Chitosan (CS) is a natural biopolymer extensively used as a delivery system. The decellularized testis provides a structure resembling natural extracellular matrix (ECM). All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) is an important factor for spermatogonia differentiation, meiosis completion, and mature sperm release. In this study, thermosensitive CS/βGP hydrogel was served as a novel atRA-releasing support for testis decellular plates (TDPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CS/βGP hydrogel was evaluated for gelation time, morphology, wettability, cytocompatibility, and atRA-releasing behavior. Mouse testes were treated with 1% SDS and evaluated for decellularization efficacy through morphological assessments, DNA content assays, and DAPI staining. TDPs were obtained from the decellularized testes and placed on an atRA-releasing CS/βGP hydrogel support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CS/βGP hydrogels were prepared with different formulations. It was found that increasing the βGP concentration significantly decreased the gelation time. The addition of atRA did not considerably affect the hydrophilicity of hydrogel. The in vitro release studies showed a sustained atRA release behavior, although an initial low burst release was recorded. Also, increasing the amount of atRA led to a decrease in the rate of drug release. The decellularization procedure successfully removed cells while preserving the ECM. The atRA-releasing CS-TDP scaffold was found to be non-toxic with good biocompatibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results showed that the novel atRA-releasing CS-TDP scaffold can sustainably deliver atRA to the culture system and create a cytocompatible environment for testicular cells. Therefore, this scaffold may be useful in developing new tissue engineering approaches for various types of male infertility diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STAT signaling pathways in immune cells and their associated mechanisms in cancer pathogenesis.","authors":"Sepideh Sohrabi, Shiva Alipour, Zahra Ghahramanipour, Javad Masoumi, Behzad Baradaran","doi":"10.34172/bi.30030","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STATs) factors as critical proteins in cell signaling regulate diverse biological processes such as differentiation and proliferation of cells. STATs have been shown to play distinct roles in modulating immune responses mediated by innate and adaptive immune cell subsets due to their significant roles in cytokine signaling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the current study, we review recent studies on the contribution of individual STAT proteins to cytokine signaling, development, and activity of diverse immune cells that constitute the whole immune system and help its performance against endogenous or exogenous agents with a particular focus on meaningful STAT factor in each of innate and adaptive immune cells' subsets to clarify their function in favor of the tumor or against it.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dysregulation of signaling pathways in the immune cells is associated with various immune disorders, such as the inability of immune system cells in the effective destruction of cancerous cells. Increase of knowledge about these pathways' functions is essential to understand how they can be effectively targeted to eliminate tumors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of immune cells use the Jak/STAT signaling pathway, which is one of the most important signaling pathways with a role in induction of proper immune responses. Since each of the STAT factors has a specific role in diverse immune cells' subsets, appropriate targeting of them can be a promising strategy for patients who suffer from immune system disorders; specifically it can be beneficial as an approach for cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A promising breakthrough in pancreatic cancer research: The potential of spheroids as 3D models.","authors":"Nazanin Jamshidi, Negar Jamshidi, Amir Modarresi Chahardehi, Elahe Shams, Vahid Chaleshi","doi":"10.34172/bi.30241","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, primarily attributable to its resistance to chemotherapy, resulting in a nearly universal fatality rate. Despite the promise exhibited by numerous drugs in preclinical studies, their subsequent failure in clinical trials underscores the inherent limitations of conventional two-dimensional cell culture models commonly employed in early drug screening endeavors. The inadequacies of two-dimensional (2D) models prompted the exploration of three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, which more faithfully recapitulate the native tumor microenvironment. These 3D systems have distinct advantages over 2D models in morphology, proliferation, drug response, and protein expression. Among these 3D platforms, tumor organoids and spheroids, generated through different methodologies, have emerged as next-generation models that closely mirror aspects of pancreatic tumor biology. This comprehensive review scrutinizes pancreatic cancer spheroids' techniques, tissue sources, and applications, offering a nuanced analysis of their advantages and limitations. By comparing these distinct 3D culture systems, researchers gain valuable insights to inform the selection of optimal model designs aligned with their specific experimental objectives. The utilization of these advanced models holds significant promise for enhancing the clinical relevance of both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> cancer research, thereby contributing to the development of improved therapeutics against pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SBFI-26 enhances apoptosis in docetaxel-treated triple-negative breast cancer cells by increasing ROS levels.","authors":"Gang He, Mei Liu, Tang Cong Chen, Li Fen Huang, You Qiang Ke","doi":"10.34172/bi.30137","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) exhibits heightened expression levels in triple-negative breast cancer. The inhibitor of FABP5, Stony Brook fatty acid-binding protein inhibitor 26 (SBFI-26), has demonstrated the capacity to suppress cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. This study delves into the functional mechanism and impact of combining SBFI-26 with docetaxel in treating MDA-MB-231 cells of triple-negative breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various concentrations of docetaxel and SBFI-26 were chosen for individual or combined treatments. The effects of SBFI-26, docetaxel, or their combination on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry. Western blotting was utilised to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, namely cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases 3 (Caspase3), B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2 associated X (Bax), while intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined using a fluorescence spectrophotometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC50 values for SBFI-26 and docetaxel in inhibiting MDA-MB-231 cells were determined to be 106.1 μM and 86.14 nM, respectively. Significantly, the combination treatment augmented the proportion of G1 phase (apoptotic) cells by 3.67-fold compared to the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Furthermore, the apoptosis rate in the combination group was 2.59-fold higher than that in the docetaxel group (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) and demonstrated a significant increase of 1.82-fold compared with the SBFI-26 group (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Analyses revealed a decrease in the protein expression of Bcl-2, while Bax and Caspase3 exhibited an increase in the combination group for MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, the combined treatment group demonstrated a 2.97-fold increase (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) in ROS fluorescence intensity compared to the control group, a noteworthy 1.39-fold increase (<i>P</i> < 0.01) compared to the SBFI-26 treatment group, and a substantial 1.70-fold increase (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) compared to the docetaxel treatment group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that the co-administration of SBFI-26 with docetaxel effectively enhances apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by elevating intracellular ROS levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of mesenchymal stem cell sheet with poly-caprolactone nanofibrous mat and Gelfoam increased osteogenesis capacity in rat calvarial defect.","authors":"Behnaz Banimohamad-Shotorbani, Reza Rahbarghazi, Seyedhosein Jarolmasjed, Ahmad Mehdipour, Hajar Shafaei","doi":"10.34172/bi.30006","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To date, different strategies have been used for co-transplantation of cell-loaded biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the osteogenic properties of adipose-derived-mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSC) sheets combined with nanofibrous poly-caprolactone (PCL) mat and Gelfoam in rats with calvarial bone defect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Calvarial critical-size defects were induced in male rats. Animals were classified into Control, Gelfoam, Gelfoam/PCL nanofiber, Gelfoam/AD-MSC sheet, and Gelfoam/PCL nanofiber/AD-MSC sheet groups. After 3 months, rats were sacrificed and the regeneration rate was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Almost all groups showed bone regeneration properties, but the volume of newly formed bone was higher in groups that received Gelfoam/AD-MSC and Gelfoam/PCL nanofiber/AD-MSC sheets (<i>P </i>< 0.05). The application of Gelfoam/PCL nanofiber/AD-MSC sheets not only increased bone thickness, bone volume/total bone volume (BV/TV) ratio, strong Hounsfield Unit (HU), but also led to the formation of ossified connective tissue with wrinkled patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study indicated that the Gelfoam/PCL nanofiber/AD-MSC sheet provides a suitable platform for effective osteogenesis in calvarial bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topically applied GHK as an anti-wrinkle peptide: Advantages, problems and prospective.","authors":"Seyedeh Maryam Mortazavi, Seyyed Ali Mohammadi Vadoud, Hamid Reza Moghimi","doi":"10.34172/bi.30071","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Peptides are promising and attractive anti-wrinkle active ingredients, amongst which glycyl-histidyl-lysine peptide (GHK) is one of the most broadly promoted peptide for topical application. This simple sequence of amino acid residues not only has the capability of tissue regeneration and the enhancement of collagen and glycosaminoglycans synthesis but also is able to increase nerve outgrowth and angiogenesis. Consequently, GHK has several properties, from wound healing to prevention/reduction wrinkles. GHK-Cu and Pal-GHK are metal complex and palmitoylated derivatives of GHK, respectively. Although GHK-Cu and Pal-GHK are widely used in anti-wrinkle products available on the cosmetic market, the published information on their skin permeability, effectiveness, physicochemical properties and so on is insufficient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review aims to highlight whether GHK is sufficiently effective on wrinkle prevention/reduction. Apart from the effectiveness, another question that is tried to be answered is whether skin permeability of GHK allows it to act as an anti-wrinkle peptide at its site of action? Skin permeation enhancement methods employed so far are also reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on cellular studies, undoubtedly, GHK can be considered as an anti-wrinkle ingredient. Although GHK-Cu and Pal-GHK have been of interest as effective peptides to be incorporated in the anti-wrinkle products, there is a surprising absence of clinical studies using them. Metal complexation and chemical modification with a hydrophobic moiety increase permeability of this peptide. Besides, cell penetrating peptides seem promising to increase skin permeation of GHK and its derivatives. Skin pretreatment with microneedles also has the potential to be further studied for permeation enhancement of such peptides. As peptide ingredients, their formulation may encounter some challenges, mainly due to their hydrophilic (high aqueous solubility and low partition coefficient) and unstable nature.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although GHK-Cu and Pal-GHK are effective and relatively skin permeable, their permeability could be successfully increased using permeation enhancement methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mosaic vaccine design targeting mutational spike protein of SAR-SCoV-2: An immunoinformatics approach.","authors":"Ysrafil Ysrafil, Arlan K Imran, Prisca Syafriani Wicita, Vyani Kamba, Fihrina Mohamad, Ismail Ismail, Ayyub Harly Nurung, Noviyanty Indjar Gama, Sari Eka Pratiwi, Indwiani Astuti, Firzan Nainu, Talha Bin Emran","doi":"10.34172/bi.2023.26443","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.2023.26443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Presently, the development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is absolutely necessary, especially regarding the emergence of new variants that cause increasing morbidity and fatalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study we designed a mosaic vaccine targeting the mutational spike protein of COVID-19 using a bioinformatics approach. Various immunoinformatics tools were utilized to provide the highest potential for a mosaic vaccine that could activate immune responses against COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evaluation of the constructed vaccine revealed that it is antigenic and immunogenic as well as nonallergenic. The physicochemical properties also show promising characteristics, including being highly stable and hydrophilic. As expected, the vaccine shows strong interactions with several important receptors including angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and TLR8 by the lowest energy level, docking score and binding free energy. The vaccine binds to receptors via certain amino acids using various types of binding including salt bridges, hydrogen bonds, and other means. As shown in computationally derived models, the interactions promote activation of the immune response by eliciting the release of various cytokines, antibodies, memory B and T cells, as well as increasing of natural killer cell and dendrite cell counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, the novel designed mosaic vaccine could be considered as a potential vaccine candidate for immediate production to stem the continuing and tragic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, several advanced experimental studies should be conducted to ensure and verify the effectivity and safety against SARS‑CoV‑2 <i>in vivo</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":" ","pages":"26443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49334743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil-in-water nanoemulsions for glaucoma treatment: An insight into the latest trends.","authors":"Ankita Kishore, Alok Kumar Mahor, Niraj Kumar Singh, Prem Prakash Singh, Priyanka Rathore, Kuldeep Kumar Bansal","doi":"10.34172/bi.2024.30224","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.2024.30224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma is a serious eye disease characterized by elevated intraocular pressure, which can ultimately lead to blindness, making it the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, following cataracts. The condition is associated with various risk factors and primarily affects the optic nerve. To treat glaucoma, a range of approaches, both traditional and innovative, have been employed. Recently, there has been a significant focus on nanoemulsions as a promising avenue for treatment. This review underscores the advantages of using oil-in-water nanoemulsions for ocular drug delivery, showcasing their superiority in terms of enhanced bioavailability and stability compared with other dispersion systems. This review also delves into the limitations inherent in traditional drug formulations, elucidates the mechanisms governing drug release, explores the pivotal role of surfactants, and examines the landscape of granted patents in this domain. By addressing these critical aspects, the review offers invaluable insights into the treatment of glaucoma, shedding light on innovative approaches that hold great promise in the fight against this debilitating eye condition. During our search, it was noticed that despite the existence of commendable research in the field of ocular nanoemulsions, particularly in the context of glaucoma along with granted patents, the commercialized nanoemulsion formulations for glaucoma is not yet exist.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"15 ","pages":"30224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}