Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech最新文献

{"title":"Design of efficient bi-orthogonal wavelets for EEG-based detection of Schizophrenia","authors":"Digambar V. Puri ,&nbsp;Pramod H. Kachare ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Al–Shourbaji ,&nbsp;Abdoh Jabbari ,&nbsp;Raimund Kirner ,&nbsp;Abdalla Alameen","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The state-of-the-art bi-orthogonal wavelet filters need infinite precision implementation due to more number of irrational filter coefficients. This paper presents a novel low-complexity bi-orthogonal wavelet filter-bank (LCBWFB) with canonical-signed-digit filters to reduce the computations. The proposed wavelet filter design uses a generalized matrix formulation technique with sharp roll-off to generate rational coefficients. These filters facilitate near-orthogonality, regularity, and perfect reconstruction. Different lengths of highpass and lowpass filters are generated by varying the half-band polynomial factors. The various combinations of filter banks including 9/7, 10/6, and 11/9 are designed using proposed method. This method provides the freedom to select the parameters according to the size of the filter bank. Comparative analysis with earlier reported bi-orthogonal wavelets showed lower computations and higher regularity for the LCBWFB. These rational coefficients are then used in automatic schizophrenia detection to decompose EEG signals. The Fisher score is used to select the most discriminating channels, and each channel is decomposed using LCBWFB into six subbands. A set of 22 features, comprising statistical, entropy, and complexity, are calculated for each subband. A least square support vector machine is tuned using the Grey Wolf optimizer and is trained using the five most significant features selected using the Wilcoxon Signed-rank test. The 10-fold accuracy of 96.84%, sensitivity of 95.95%, and specificity of 96.97%. These values using leave-one-subject-out are 93.92%, 92.30%, and 93.77%, respectively, obtained for an open-source dataset with only 25 out of 1408 features comparable to existing Schizophrenia detection methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102090"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of post-processing techniques on surface morphology and wettability of Inconel 718 components fabricated via selective laser melting","authors":"Preeti Gautam,&nbsp;Akash Nag,&nbsp;Jiří Hajnyš,&nbsp;Jakub Měsíček,&nbsp;Jana Petrů","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of three post-processing methods—sandblasting, centrifugal tumbling, and electrolytic polishing—on the surface characteristics and wettability of SLM-printed Inconel 718. Surface roughness parameters, including arithmetic mean height (Sa), maximum peak height (Sp), maximum valley height (Sv), maximum height (Sz), root mean square roughness (Sq), surface kurtosis (Sku), and surface skewness (Ssk), were analyzed to assess the effectiveness of each treatment. The results revealed notable reductions in surface roughness: sandblasting reduced roughness by 45%, centrifugal tumbling achieved a 67% reduction, and electrolytic polishing provided a 47% improvement when applied individually. Remarkably, when all three methods were combined, the overall surface roughness decreased by 90% compared to the as-printed state. Surface topography analysis identified defects such as micropores, cracks, and dimples on the treated surfaces. Wettability assessments demonstrated enhanced hydrophilicity, with the contact angle decreasing from 82° to 35° after post-processing. This study highlights the importance of post-processing in improving the surface finish and functional characteristics of Inconel 718 produced through SLM, thereby expanding its potential for various industrial uses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102105"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-model approach for distance and angle estimation using a custom-designed tag","authors":"Emre Erkan","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in deep learning-based object detection models have led to remarkable developments across various application domains. However, the accurate estimation of distance and angle information, alongside object detection, holds critical significance for applications like autonomous vehicles, industrial processes, and remote sensing technologies. This study proposes an algorithm employing multiple models to address the problem of detecting the distances and angles of objects. The algorithm is developed to precisely determine both distance and angle information of a custom-designed tag. The algorithm employs a two-stage structure, with the first stage utilizing two distinct CNN models to detect the tag and its components. In the second stage, the data obtained is analyzed through a MLP to predict distances and angular values. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been evaluated through experiments simulating real-world applications, yielding reliable results. This work seeks to advance applications that integrate object detection with precise angular measurements. In experiments conducted under four different test environments simulating real-world conditions, the system demonstrated high detection accuracy with an average valid measurement rate of 86.72%. Additionally, the MLP model used for distance and angle estimation achieved an <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> score of 0.983 on the test data. With a total processing time of approximately 0.2 s, the algorithm also shows strong potential for real-time applications. This study aims to contribute to applications that require integrated and reliable estimation of object position and orientation alongside object detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102076"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lightweight design of mountaineering protection gear: Procedure, Optimization, and Testing","authors":"Martin Sotola ,&nbsp;Pavel Marsalek ,&nbsp;David Rybansky ,&nbsp;Martin Fusek ,&nbsp;Jakub Mesicek ,&nbsp;Jiri Hajnys","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mountaineering is usually labelled as an extreme sport with a risk of injury. Protection gear offers climbers safety, but usually at the cost of additional weight. Producing a lightweight design with a large enough load-bearing capacity is desired by the industry. This paper aims to prepare a lightweight design of a spring-loaded camming device utilizing effective topology optimization. The proposed procedure contains optimization, manufacturing and testing of a new design. Topology optimization is used on cams to find optimal material distribution concerning their stiffness. Topology optimization uses multiple load cases and multi-stage optimization. The combination leads to effective design without compromising the efficiency of optimization. The presented results yield a time reduction of up to 70 %. After post-processing of results and smoothing geometry, the new cams are additively manufactured and assembled into prototypes of spring-loaded camming devices, and they are evaluated by laboratory testing defined by standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102086"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on power loss’s principle and reduction optimization of auxiliary braking device—hydraulic retarder","authors":"Maohan Xue ,&nbsp;Yao Fu ,&nbsp;Xiaohu Geng ,&nbsp;Shaohua Sun ,&nbsp;Yulong Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydraulic retarder is an auxiliary braking device for heavy commercial vehicles. Although there is no oil in the oil chamber when it is not working, the high-speed rotating rotor still drives and stirs the internal air. This will result in a certain amount of extra power loss. Aerodynamic power loss is related to cavity volume, residual oil and impeller’s structural parameters. The existing methods to suppress power loss need to improve the cavity’s internal structure or add auxiliary mechanisms, which are costly and difficult to implement, and it will affect the normal braking performance. In order to effectively suppress the power loss of hydraulic retarder, we propose a suppression method by applying large stiffness’ spring between stator and rotor, which can suppress the power loss by rapidly expanding the cavity volume. This method has the least modification and does not affect the normal braking performance of working chamber. The calculation model of flow channel has been established with different cavity volumes. The analysis method about three-dimensional flow field is used to research the internal physical field in working chamber’s gas phase at different rotating speeds. We have obtained the internal flow field characteristics, external loss torque and power characteristics of hydraulic retarder. The results based on the comparison of dynamic performance experimental equipment has shown that the spring with large stiffness can rapidly increase the cavity volume and effectively reduce the circular gas flow in working chamber. When the spring stiffness is large enough and the gap is 12 mm, the maximum power loss is 3.79 kW. The maximum loss power is reduced by 65 %. When it is compared with 7.12 kW at low stiffness. So that, the experiments show that the method by applying large stiffness spring in working chamber can significantly suppress power loss. This measure is applied to the structural design of hydraulic retarder, which can reduce the cost of design and manufacturing. Meanwhile, it improves the power utilization rate of vehicle, and does not affect the normal braking characteristics of hydraulic retarder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102092"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative optical loss analysis of multilayer type-I hyperbolic metamaterials","authors":"Kadir Üstün ,&nbsp;İbrahim Halil Giden","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) are finely-structured nanoscale structures, typically consisting of alternating layers of metallic and dielectric materials arranged in a periodic fashion. Thanks to their anisotropic nature, HMMs exhibit extraordinary optical properties, particularly in controlling the behavior of light at the nanoscale such as light bending at extreme angles, negative refraction, subwavelength focusing, tight confinement of light and enhanced surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Nevertheless, HMMs may suffer from high intrinsic optical losses, mostly due to the inclusion of the metallic components, degrading their performance and efficiency severely as well as limiting their scalability and widespread adoption.</div><div>In this study, we offer an unprecedented roadmap for the selection of material pairs while designing Type-I HMM structures. We analyze the dispersion properties, electromagnetic wave scattering from and light propagation through multilayered metamaterials. We make the reflection/optical loss analyses in HMMs and compare the propagation loss of various HMMs found in the literature. We also investigate the figure-of-merit (FOM) parameter that determine the optical loss level of the designed HMMs. We propose a guideline for the material/filling ratio choice of planar multilayered metal-dielectric structure to find the best performing hyperbolic metamaterials for low-loss applications operating at different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102087"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioremediation of restaurant wastewater using extremophilic Galdieria sulphuraria: An approach contributing to circular bioeconomy and environmental sustainability","authors":"Imran Ahmad ,&nbsp;Lamiaa H.S. Hassan ,&nbsp;Norhayati Abdullah ,&nbsp;Hesam Kamyab ,&nbsp;Anas Al- Dailami ,&nbsp;Koji Iwamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, some applied sciences have focused on the biorefinery of wastewater because of its intrinsic composition. Algal-based wastewater treatment was explored for its potent bioremediation ability and biomass production, which can be used in various applications. When considering microalgae cultivation’s role in integrated production systems, especially when using wastewater and gaseous effluents, the hunt for new potential strains is crucial. This research explored the potential of microalga <em>Galdieria sulphuraria</em> (<em>G. sulphuraria</em>) 074 W (NIES-3638) to bioremediate raw restaurant wastewater owing to its distinct characteristics, including high temperature and acidic pH settings. The cultivation conditions were subjected to three cultivation modes (i.e., mixotrophic, heterotrophic, and autotrophic) for 14 days. During the cultivation of <em>G. sulphuraria</em>, various evaluations, including optical density, specific growth rate, and biomass productivity, were examined. Furthermore, the bioremediation efficiency of <em>G. sulphuraria</em> was examined for the removal of pollutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), fats, oil, grease (FOG), and uptake of nutrient such as ammoniacal-nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total-nitrogen (TN), total-phosphorus (TP), and potassium (K). <em>G. sulphuraria</em> grown with restaurant wastewater scored 0.15 day⁻¹ for specific growth rate and 39 mg L^-1 d^-1 biomass productivity. The maximum removal efficiencies for COD, BOD, FOG, NH₄⁺-N, TN, TP, and K were 71%, 80%, 66%, 96%, 93%, 99%, and 75%, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that using <em>G. sulphuraria</em> is a promising approach for treating restaurant wastewater by removing pollutants, uptaking nutrients, and producing enriched biomass that can be further utilized to generate secondary metabolites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102091"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front Matter 1 - Full Title Page (regular issues)/Special Issue Title page (special issues)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0986(25)00153-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2215-0986(25)00153-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102098"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HY-Deepnet : A new Optimal Deep transfer learning empowered framework for an autonomous Alzheimer’s disease detection and diagnosis system","authors":"S. Veluchamy ,&nbsp;R. Bhuvaneswari ,&nbsp;K. Ashwini ,&nbsp;Samah Alshathri ,&nbsp;Walid El-Shafai","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A progressive neurological disorder, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) predominantly impacts memory and cognitive functions of diseased victims. The disease is usually identified by the buildup of abnormal protein deposits in the brain, resulting in the development of plaques and tangles that interfere with communication between nerve cells. Over time, those affected by Alzheimer’s undergo a diminishing mental capacity, affecting their daily activities and ultimately resulting in a loss of independence. While there is currently no remedy to reverse the advancement of Alzheimer’s disease, identifying the initiation of AD can prove highly beneficial within the medical field. This study presents an innovative framework for the detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, employing deep transfer models and COATI optimization techniques. The proposed hybrid Deepnet (HY-Deepnet) framework consists of two main phases: detection and diagnosis. The detection phase aims at identifying the presence of disease with the aid of MRI images. This phase evaluates the performance of various deep learning models, including AlexNet, GoogLenet, SqueezeNet, VGGNet, ResNet and explores their combinations. Experimental results reveal that the combination of AlexNet, GoogLenet, and VGGNet outperforms other networks and their combinations, achieving an accuracy of 77.03% without optimization. The second phase focuses on the diagnosis of the detected disease into three different stages. The diagnosis phase is improved from COATI optimization techniques. The proposed HY-Deepnet thus attains an impressive overall accuracy of 97.6%, accompanied by precision, recall, and F1 scores of 0.978, 0.976, and 0.974, respectively. These results underscore the effectiveness of the framework in enhancing Alzheimer’s detection and diagnosis, particularly when leveraging the synergy of deep transfer models and COATI optimization techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102058"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SCNet: Few-shot image classification via self-correlational and cross spatial-correlation attention","authors":"Congqing He ,&nbsp;Ding Xu ,&nbsp;Ke Gong ,&nbsp;Fusen Guo ,&nbsp;Dapeng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, few-shot learning has gained significant attention across various industries due to its ability to rapidly adapt and learn new tasks with few labeled training data. However, existing methods often struggle with capturing feature diversity within classes and aligning features between support and query images, leading to sub-optimal performance. To tackle these challenges, we propose SCNet, a novel few-shot image classification framework that leverages self-correlational and cross spatial-correlation attention mechanisms to enhance feature extraction and alignment. Specifically, we introduce a Self-Correlational Attention module that focuses on critical local features by locating target regions within basic image features, enhancing the extraction of discriminative features from each image independently. Additionally, we design a Cross Spatial-Correlation Attention module to capture shared features between support and query images, generating an informative co-attention map that improves feature alignment across different images. Furthermore, we introduce a novel loss function that combines label-based classification loss and metric-based loss, which mitigates overfitting during meta-testing and enhances alignment of query embeddings with category prototypes. Experiments on three few-shot benchmark datasets show that the proposed SCNet model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art few-shot image classification models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102075"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}