Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing convex hull discovery: Introducing a quintuple-region algorithm with enhanced computational efficiency","authors":"Fidan Nuriyeva ,&nbsp;Hakan Kutucu","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a novel algorithm for computing the convex hull of a finite set of points in two-dimensional space. Unlike traditional methods, this algorithm strategically partitions the input set into five distinct regions, isolating interior points to reduce computational efforts while determining the convex hulls of the four boundary regions. This innovative approach significantly diminishes the required number of operations, achieving a computational complexity of <span><math><mrow><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><mi>k</mi></math></span> denotes the number of vertices on the convex hull and <span><math><mi>n</mi></math></span> is the number of vertices. The study methodically elaborates on the development of this algorithm, starting with a comprehensive overview of convex hull related terminology and existing methodologies. Subsequent sections detail the process of identifying endpoints within the set, the division of the set into specific regions, and the application of proposed algorithms for each region to efficiently compute their convex hulls. Through theoretical analysis and case studies presented in the latter sections, this paper not only enhances understanding of convex hull computation but also demonstrates the practical efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in various scenarios. This advancement represents a significant contribution to the field of computational geometry, offering improved solutions for problems involving two-dimensional spatial analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101918"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel lightweight model for tea disease classification based on feature reuse and channel focus attention mechanism","authors":"Junjie Liang ,&nbsp;Renjie Liang ,&nbsp;Dongxia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When collecting disease images in tea gardens, the collected images often include complex backgrounds. The complex backgrounds affect the recognition accuracy of traditional deep learning techniques. To improve the recognition accuracy, the traditional classic convolutional neural network (CNN) models require higher model complexity. This leads to a significant increase in computational cost and affects the running speed on edge computing devices. On the other hand, the popular vision transformer(ViT) model has a higher recognition accuracy as it has better global feature expression ability than CNN model. Since ViT models has a higher model complexity than CNN models, leading running slow on edge computing devices. In view of this, we propose a lightweight model named Lightweight Tea Diseases Detection Network (LTDDN). The LTDDN has higher recognition accuracy under the interference of complex backgrounds. Specifically, first, we propose the lightweight channel focus attention mechanism (CFA). The CFA focus the key features of the disease, improving the recognition accuracy. Second, we propose the feature reuse module (FRM). The FRM significantly reduces the parameters and computational costs of the model, making the model more lightweight. Finally, we propose a feature enhancement mobile inverted bottleneck convolution module(FEMBCM). The FEMBCM solves the problem of detail feature loss caused by traditional convolution downsampling. It improves recognition performance without increasing the complexity of the model. The analyses show that the parameter of LTDDN is only 1/30 of ResNet50 and 1/50 of ViTB16, which is more suitable for running in edge computing devices. Experimental results across self-built tea disease datasets, Mini-ImageNet, and PlantVillage datasets show LTDDN outperforms classic CNN, lightweight CNN, and popular ViT models in recognition accuracy. Based on the proposed model, an Android app has been developed to realize real-time, offline recognition of tea diseases in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101940"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement in the electrical efficiency of a photovoltaic thermal system through ternary nanofluids application: Nanomaterial shape effects and phase change material encased in a rectangular block","authors":"Ahmad Ayyad Alharbi ,&nbsp;Ali Rashash R. Alzahrani","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the enhancement of electrical efficiency in a photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) system by utilizing water-based ternary hybrid nanofluids and incorporating a phase change material (PCM) within the flow channel. The system comprises a glass cover, a silicon layer, and a copper absorber, beneath which a flow channel contains a block filled with Paraffin Octadecane Wax (C18H38) as the PCM. The analysis is conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0, applying a conjugate heat transfer interface to simulate the interaction between conduction and forced convection within the solid and liquid domains. The study explores the phase transition behavior of the PCM, the thermal dynamics, and the electrical efficiency of the PV/T system under varying Reynolds numbers (50 to 150) and different nanomaterial shapes, including spherical, bricks, cylindrical, platelets, and blades. The simulations consider equal volume fractions of copper, alumina, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in the nanofluid, with total volume fractions ranging from 1 % to 10 %. Results reveal that blade-shaped nanoparticles significantly enhance the phase transition rate of paraffin, achieving an average phase transition of 81.97 % at Reynolds number 50 and 10 % volume fraction. Furthermore, the temperature variation along the PCM block shows rapid behavior with blade-shaped particles. Optimal electrical efficiency, reaching a peak of 9.42 %, is observed at Reynolds number 150 and 10 % volume fraction with blade-shaped nanoparticles. The study underscores the importance of nanoparticle shape and volume fraction in improving PV/T system performance. The findings recommend blade-shaped nanoparticles and higher nanofluid volume fractions to maximize electrical efficiency. This work provides valuable insights into the potential of ternary hybrid nanofluids and phase change materials for advancing PV/T technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101919"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust adaptive nonlinear PID controller using radial basis function neural network for ballbots with external force","authors":"Van-Truong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Quoc-Cuong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Mien Van ,&nbsp;Shun-Feng Su ,&nbsp;Harish Garg ,&nbsp;Dai-Nhan Duong ,&nbsp;Phan Xuan Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new adaptive nonlinear proportional integral derivative radial basis function neural network (NPID-RBFNN) for ballbots with external force. The proposed controller is designed based on a hybrid of a nonlinear proportional integral derivative (NPID) control, radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN), and balancing composite motion optimization (BCMO). The hybrid NPID-RBFNN controller offers a light-weight computation, chattering-reduction, while providing high robustness against model uncertainties and external disturbance. Therefore, it provides excellent features to control ballbots against the counterpart approaches such as the conventional PID, conventional NPID, which preserves low robustness against disturbances, or sliding mode control (SMC), which provides higher chattering. The BCMO is used to determine the gain values that best fit the system, and RBFNN is learned continuously during the ballbot movement to balance the system in the most stable and smooth way. The NPID-RBFNN controller is proven to be stable through the Lyapunov approach. The simulation and experiment results show that the NPID-RBFNN controller is a robust method for controlling the ballbot system’s motion in applications with external force.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101914"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic classification of smart city strategies in developing countries","authors":"Mesut Samasti ,&nbsp;Emre Cakmak ,&nbsp;Alper Ozpinar","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart cities represent the forefront of combining technological innovation with urban management to enhance the quality of life and sustainability of urban environments. While existing studies have focused on individual smart city evaluations, there is a notable gap in systematic classification approaches that can handle uncertain and incomplete data in developing countries. As urban populations continue to grow, the strategic integration of smart technologies in city planning and management becomes crucial, necessitating more sophisticated evaluation methodologies. These technologies offer promising solutions to urban challenges by improving efficiency, economic growth, and citizen engagement. This research addresses this gap by proposing a novel framework that combines Interval Valued Neutrosophic Sets (IVNS) with the EDAS Method, specifically designed to handle the complexities and uncertainties inherent in developing country contexts.</div><div>The study extensively reviews existing literature and methodologies applied in similar contexts, identifying key limitations in current approaches and building a robust framework that incorporates both new and established criteria. Through the systematic application of IVNS-EDAS methodology across multiple urban environments, this study develops a comprehensive classification system that accounts for both quantitative metrics and qualitative assessments of smart city capabilities. The results showcase a dynamic classification framework that effectively handles data uncertainty while providing clear, actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers. The paper concludes by validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach through a detailed computational study involving diverse stakeholders, confirming its applicability and utility in refining smart city strategies globally, particularly in developing country contexts where data reliability and completeness may be challenging.</div><div>The study provides specific policy guidelines for each city classification, offering policymakers a structured framework for resource allocation and strategic planning, ranging from foundational infrastructure development in emerging cities to advanced technology integration in metropolitan areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101936"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the tribo-mechanical performance of Ti-Mo-Zr-Ta-Sn alloys with a focus on their suitability for biomedical use","authors":"Ahmed Fouly,&nbsp;Hassan Alshehri,&nbsp;Ibrahim A. Alnaser,&nbsp;El-Sayed M. Sherif","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium alloys are poised to become increasingly prevalent as implant materials in medical applications. When compared to other implant materials, Ti alloys are considered superior in terms of corrosion resistance, specific strength and biocompatibility. As such, there is a growing interest in further exploring the properties of titanium alloys in the field of implants, orthopedic, and dental prostheses. This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the development and characterization of Ti alloys for biomedical applications. The study focuses on the incorporation of various alloying elements, including Zr, Sn, Mo, and Ta, to enhance the tribo-mechanical performance of the alloys. The impact of varying Ta and Mo content on the performance of Ti alloys was investigated, while maintaining constant levels of Zr and Sn. The fabrication process involves advanced sintering techniques, and the resulting alloys are evaluated for their density, mechanical characteristics, and wear behavior. The load-carrying capacity of the alloys in a realistic scenario, a hip joint, was assessed by employing a finite element analysis. The results demonstrate that the addition of Ta improves the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloys, while reducing friction coefficients. Although Ta markedly improves mechanical strength and wear resistance, Mo exhibited a contrary impact. The SEM analysis of the tested surfaces demonstrated that the addition of Ta had a good impact on the wear mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101933"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TDSF: Two-phase tamper detection in semi-fragile watermarking using two-level integer wavelet transform","authors":"Agit Amrullah ,&nbsp;Ferda Ernawan ,&nbsp;Anis Farihan Mat Raffei ,&nbsp;Liew Siau Chuin","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Image watermarking is one of techniques that can be used to protect and recover from the altered images. Tamper detection in semi-fragile still does not achieve high accuracy for tamper localization, especially in malicious attacks. This study proposes two-phase tamper detection in semi-fragile image watermarking using two-level Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT). The study proposes two-phases of tamper detection to achieve a high level of accuracy in the tamper localization. The initial phase will check four segments to determine the tampered bit or not. A tampered segment is identified if it contains at least one tampered bit. The second phase will be performed if the first phase has no tampered bit. The second phase checked each segment to determine whether it was tampered with or not. This study also used Normalized Hamming Similarity (NHS) to classify malicious and incidental attacks. The proposed scheme performed two-level integer wavelets transform to obtain the LL, LH, HL, and HH sub-bands. The authentication bits of LL are embedded into the LH and HL sub-bands to generate a watermarked image. The LH and HL are compared using XOR bitwise with authentication bit<!--> <!-->to localize the tamper detection. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieved high quality of the recovered images with an average PSNR score of 44.1864 dB, wPSNR score of 46.2218 dB and SSIM score of 0.9945. The proposed method produced high accuracy of tamper detection of about 98.33 % under object manipulation with the tampering rate of about 12.1643 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101909"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of high uniform magnetic field with four coils based on improved wolf pack algorithm","authors":"Xuehua Zhu ,&nbsp;Juntao Ye ,&nbsp;Ziruo Ren ,&nbsp;Xinyu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uniform magnetic fields are commonly utilized in scientific and engineering domains for a variety of purposes, such as atomic magnetometers, nuclear magnetic resonance, and other magnetic tools. However, the conventional Helmholtz coils have limitations in generating the highly uniform magnetic fields required for larger devices. To tackle this challenge, a new four-coil Helmholtz configuration has been devised in this paper to produce extremely uniform magnetic fields. Through the utilization of an enhanced Wolf Pack Algorithm (WPA) for optimizing spatial parameters, the four-coil system notably enhances the effective coverage ratio (ECR) of the uniform magnetic field. Finite element simulations confirm that this configuration delivers superior magnetic field uniformity, the ratio of the uniform magnetic field space, known as the ECR, experienced an increase from 18.5495% to 34.3046% when the magnetic field change rate remained below 0.1%. The research underscores the enhanced adaptability and effectiveness of the improved WPA in addressing multi-dimensional optimization challenges, providing a swift and efficient method for attaining uniform magnetic fields. This progress supports applications reliant on uniform magnetic fields, such as geomagnetic navigation, sensor calibration, and magnetic guidance systems, opening up possibilities for future applications of intelligent optimization algorithms in intricate physical and engineering tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101944"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal design and performance prediction of stepped honeycomb labyrinth seal using CFD and ANN","authors":"Geunseo Park ,&nbsp;Min Seok Hur ,&nbsp;Tong Seop Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A stepped honeycomb labyrinth seal was optimized, and its leakage performance was predicted across various operating conditions using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The process involved two stages: geometry optimization and performance prediction. In the first stage, incremental Latin hypercube sampling (i-LHS) was used to select geometric design points for training the ANN with CFD providing the leakage performance data. An ANN-based performance prediction metamodel was developed, and a genetic algorithm was applied to the metamodel to optimize seal geometry, achieving a 12.34% improvement in leakage performance over the reference seal. The second stage involved performance prediction across a wide range of operating conditions, including pressure ratios, rotational speeds, and clearances. Similar to geometry optimization, i-LHS was used to select the operating design points for training the ANN. A metamodel reflecting operating conditions was developed by evaluating the generalization and practicality of the ANN. The impact of pressure ratio, rotational speed, and clearance on the leakage performance was predicted. The leakage performance of the optimized seal was compared with the reference seal, showing improvements from 1.44% to 16.74%. This study revealed the effectiveness of ANN-based performance predictions for optimizing complex geometries, such as honeycomb seals, and developing models that account for various operating conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 101939"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front Matter 1 - Full Title Page (regular issues)/Special Issue Title page (special issues)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0986(24)00313-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2215-0986(24)00313-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101927"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}