Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech最新文献

{"title":"06 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes (Mw = 7.8 and 7.6) field observations and preliminary assessment report","authors":"Şenol Gürsoy,&nbsp;Fatma Büşra Çekim Aydoğan","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Türkiye, in Pazarcık and Elbistan districts of Kahramanmaraş, two major earthquakes occurred on 6 February 2023. 11 provinces were directly affected by these earthquakes, and 239,151 buildings were severely damaged or destroyed. In this article, many structural deficiencies and errors, such as the quality of building materials, soft and weak storeys, short column effect, strong beams-weak columns, oversized and heavy overhangs, frame discontinuity, reinforced concrete columns with insufficient stirrup, constructive details, and workmanship errors are observed, and the earthquake regulations requirements are compared. Thus, an overview of the damages observed after earthquakes is provided. The findings revealed that many heavily damaged or collapsed buildings did not meet Türkiye building earthquake code requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101898"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of thermal sprayed Al2O3-TiO2 coatings on PM AISI 316L","authors":"Kenan Tankal ,&nbsp;Bekir Güney ,&nbsp;Mehmet Akif Erden","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of stainless steels (SS) in various applications is hindered by their inadequate wear resistance, hardness and high density. Structural metallic components fabricated via powder metallurgy (PM) exhibit lower densities compared to those produced by conventional methods due to their inherent high porosity. However, this compromises their mechanical and corrosion performance. This study has investigated the application of pure Al₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ + 13 %TiO2 powders with varying particle sizes on PM AISI 316L substrates to enhance their mechanical and wear properties. The phase composition, microhardness, coating morphology, surface roughness, porosity and wear rate of coated and uncoated samples were comparatively analysed to elucidate the influence of both TiO₂ addition and coating powder particle size on the mechanical properties and surface morphology of the samples. Microstructural and XRD studies confirmed good mechanical and metallurgical bonding of the coatings to the substrate. All of the coated samples exhibited 24 to 34 times higher surface roughness and 1.3 to 2.1 times lower porosity values compared to the substrate. The finer sized TiO₂ added alumina-based coating powder reduced the surface roughness and porosity value to 1.8 and 1.4 times respectively while the use of the coarser sized one reduced these values to 1.3 and 1.2 times respectively compared to the pure Al₂O₃ coated surface. 8-times higher hardness and 70-times lower wear rate values compared to the substrate were the most significant improvements observed in the pure Al₂O₃ coated surface among all coated samples. Although TiO₂ addition to the coating powder decreased hardness by 1.1 times and increased wear rate by 1.8 times, spraying finer TiO₂ added coating powders resulted in a slight improvement in both hardness and wear resistance compared to the coarser one.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101895"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LightYOLO: Lightweight model based on YOLOv8n for defect detection of ultrasonically welded wire terminations","authors":"Jianshu Xu ,&nbsp;Lun Zhao ,&nbsp;Yu Ren ,&nbsp;Zhigang Li ,&nbsp;Zeshan Abbas ,&nbsp;Lan Zhang ,&nbsp;Md Shafiqul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Defect inspection of the surface in ultrasonically welded wire terminations is an important inspection procedure to ensure welding quality. However, the detection task of ultrasonic welding defects based on deep learning still faces the challenges of low detection accuracy and slow inference speed. Therefore, to solve the above problems, we propose a fast and effective lightweight detection model based on You Only Look Once v8 (YOLOv8n), named LightYOLO. Specifically, first, to achieve fast feature extraction, a Two-Convolution module with FasterNet block and Efficient multi-scale attention (CTFE) structures is introduced in the backbone network. Secondly, Group-Shuffle Convolution (GSConv) is used to construct the feature fusion structure of the neck, which enhances the fusion efficiency of multi-level features. Finally, an auxiliary head training method is introduced to extract shallow details of the network. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we constructed a surface defect data set of ultrasonic welding wire terminals and conducted a series of experiments. The results of experiments show that the precision of LightYOLO is 93.4%, which is 3.5% higher than YOLOv8n(89.9%). In addition, the model size was reduced to 1/2 of the baseline model. LightYOLO shows the potential for rapid detection on edge computing devices. The source code and dataset for our project is accessible at <span><span>https://github.com/JianshuXu/LightYOLO</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101896"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction and optimization of electrical resistivity and unconfined compressive strength of cement-treated subgrade soil using I-optimal response surface methodology","authors":"Frank Siaw Ackah ,&nbsp;Richmond Owusu ,&nbsp;Yuanjie Xiao ,&nbsp;Joseph Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addressed the challenge of effectively evaluating and controlling the compaction quality of cement-stabilized subgrade soil during construction. It proposed using soil electrical resistivity as a geophysical technique to assess soil properties, alongside statistical analysis and optimization methods. Through I-optimal response surface methodology, the study modeled and optimized relationships between key soil properties and electrical resistivity. Statistical tools enhanced understanding of the interplay between soil electrical resistivity and unconfined compressive strength. Microscopic analysis revealed cation exchange and pozzolanic reactions contributing to soil stabilization. The desirability function was employed for multi-objective optimization, determining optimal values for electrical resistivity and unconfined compressive strength. Overall, the research provides a practical approach for deploying soil electrical resistivity systems in compaction quality control, potentially improving the efficiency and effectiveness of subgrade construction processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101878"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chain extension of poly(butylene terephthalate)/organically modified clay nanocomposites","authors":"Basak Tuna","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal degradation of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/organically modified clay (organoclay) nanocomposites at elevated extrusion temperatures is inevitable and restricts the extensive use for these nanocomposites. This study aimed to prepare PBT/organoclay nanocomposite with enhanced properties by chain extender assisted reactive extrusion approach. A commercial organoclay, Cloisite 30B (C30B), was employed to prepare nanocomposite and a chain extender having multi epoxy functional groups, Joncryl ADR 4300 (Joncryl), was used to compensate thermal degradation of PBT accelerated by the organoclay for the first time. The morphological observations revealed high delamination of C30B within the matrix and the incorporation of Joncryl led to a well-exfoliated structure. The non-chain extended nanocomposite showed the matrix degradation in the rheological tests, where the notable benefit of the chain extender to offset degradation was observed by improvements in the viscoelastic properties. Compared to neat PBT, the tensile modulus of non-chain extended nanocomposite increased by 33 %, whereas a 56 % enhancement was measured for nanocomposite with chain extender. Thermogravimetric analyses indicated higher thermal decomposition temperature with addition of Joncryl into the nanocomposites. It was concluded that Joncryl recoupled degraded chains of PBT and effectively improved the features of nanocomposites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101910"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of pre-magnetic separation to address grinding classification density effects and enhance iron-copper separation in deep polymetallic magnetite ores","authors":"Shiteng Qin ,&nbsp;Sheng Dou ,&nbsp;Yang Hu ,&nbsp;Shijie Ma ,&nbsp;Fulai Lai ,&nbsp;Chuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chong Shen ,&nbsp;Hongyu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the challenges faced in the grinding and classification process of a polymetallic magnetite ore from Anhui, particularly focusing on low classification efficiency, significant over-grinding, and decreased metal recovery rates. By analyzing the mineralogical properties of the ore, specifically mineral composition, intergrowth relationships, intergrowth particle size, and liberation degree, with an emphasis on magnetite, chalcopyrite, cobalt minerals, and precious metal minerals, this research aims to identify the underlying causes of these issues. Subsequent single-factor experiments were conducted to assess the effects of magnetic field strength and grinding parameters on the enrichment of magnetite and chalcopyrite. Under optimal processing conditions, with a magnetizing current of 0.25 A and a grinding fineness of 65% passing through a 200-mesh sieve, the application of butyl xanthate as a collector during mixed rough flotation achieved a copper recovery rate of 89.54%. Building on these findings, the study further discusses the impact of various process flow optimizations on grinding, classification operations, and the recovery of target minerals. Additionally, it evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of different processing methods in practical applications and ultimately proposes a suitable mineral processing flow for intermediate to deep ore deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101912"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal allocation of electric vehicle charging stations and distributed generation in radial distribution networks","authors":"Ismail A. Soliman ,&nbsp;Vladimir Tulsky ,&nbsp;Hossam A. Abd el-Ghany ,&nbsp;Ahmed E. ElGebaly","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread spread of electric vehicles requires the establishment of charging stations (EVCSs), and this is considered a large load on the network. This gives priority to distributing the stations in a way that reduces the load on the network, and in parallel, re-planning the network and supplying it with the necessary energy to maintain energy efficiency and power quality. Total energy loss minimization, voltage deviation minimization, and voltage stability index improvement are the considered power quality indices in the multi-objective function. Vehicle to grid (V2G) feature, distributed generation units (DG), and capacitor banks are used for improving system performance, by injecting the required active and reactive power. In addition, the initial and running costs of V2G, DG units, and capacitor banks are considered in the multi-objective function. The optimal sizing and allocation of charging stations, V2G, DG units, and capacitor banks are performed using a proposed Self-Adaptive Multi-Population Elitist JAYA (SAMPE-JAYA) algorithm and checked using the genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed algorithm is tested using various scenarios, two standard IEEE test systems. To emphasize the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed algorithm, it is applied on a real-world distribution system. To accommodate the optimal allocation of EVCS, which constitute 80.7 % and 78.9 % of the base active load for the IEEE 33 and 69 bus systems, respectively. Integrating DG amounting to 17.35 % and 18.25 % of the base load is necessary. Additionally, capacitor banks, contributing 36.84 % and 31.166 % of the reactive power load, are also required for effective voltage support and system reliability in each respective case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101907"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy generation and heat transfer in Time-Fractional mixed convection of nanofluids in Darcy-Forchheimer porous channel","authors":"Zafar Hayat Khan ,&nbsp;Oluwole Daniel Makinde ,&nbsp;Alexander Trounev ,&nbsp;Waqar Ahmed Khan ,&nbsp;Rashid Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the role of time-fractional derivatives in the entropy analysis of mixed convection in a reacting nanofluid within a vertical permeable channel saturated with a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. This is crucial for enhancing heat and mass transfer, incorporating memory effects, and addressing delayed responses in various engineering applications. Key phenomena such as thermophoresis, porous medium permeability, buoyancy forces, chemical reactions, viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, and velocity slip are considered. The study presents an advanced computational methodology that integrates the Euler wavelets collocation method with an implicit difference scheme to discretize the system of time-fractional partial differential equations. This advanced numerical framework is thoroughly validated, ensuring high accuracy in capturing the complex interactions between fluids and solids. The study reveals that a 20% increase in the Eckert number leads to a 15% rise in entropy generation, signifying greater energy dissipation within the system. Likewise, higher Reynolds numbers contribute to increased entropy generation, emphasizing the flow’s dissipative nature. On the other hand, a 10% increase in pressure gradient and Forchheimer parameters results in a 12% reduction in entropy generation, demonstrating their ability to control the system’s irreversibility. These findings pave the way for more optimized and energy-efficient designs in engineering systems involving porous media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101908"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etching-free fabrication method for silver nanowires-based SERS sensors for enhanced molecule detection","authors":"Yurim Han ,&nbsp;Cristiano D’Andrea ,&nbsp;Mirine Leem ,&nbsp;Ji-Won Jung ,&nbsp;Sooman Lim ,&nbsp;Paolo Matteini ,&nbsp;Byungil Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has garnered increasing attention for its ability to detect molecules even at low concentrations; however, the fabrication methods for SERS sensors require further study aimed at simple and rapid on-body and environmental monitoring. In this context, we propose an etching-free method for fabricating silver nanowires (AgNWs)-SERS sensors based on AgNWs. A lift-off process was conducted to create a pattern without etching, and lamination of the dry film resist overcame the limitations associated with liquid photoresists. Consequently, the resulting AgNW-patterned substrate was used to evaluate the pH of the test solution in the range of 1.1 and 12.0 and exhibited a Raman signal enhancement of 2 × 10⁶. This fast and cost-effective fabrication method, combined with the intrinsic flexibility of the substrate and rapid and reproducible response to pH variations, provides a foundation for applying AgNW-patterned substrates for microenvironmental analysis or developing wearable optical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101892"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AESware: Developing AES-enabled low-power multicore processors leveraging open RISC-V cores with a shared lightweight AES accelerator","authors":"Eunjin Choi ,&nbsp;Jina Park ,&nbsp;Kyuseung Han ,&nbsp;Woojoo Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As open-source RISC-V cores continue to be released, the development of low-power multicore processors utilizing these cores is invigorating the edge/IoT device market. Nevertheless, comprehensive research on developing low-power multicore processors with integrated security features using existing open RISC-V cores remains limited. This study addresses this gap by introducing <em>AESware</em>, a dedicated lightweight hardware designed for energy-efficient AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) task execution, contributing to the development of AES-specific low-power RISC-V multicore processors. AESware supports variable key lengths and ensures minimal power consumption with a compact design. This standalone IP (Intellectual Property) is compatible with various open RISC-V cores, offering scalability and convenience. And importantly, we propose the most energy-efficient architecture for multicore processors equipped with AESware. Instead of assigning dedicated AESware to each core, we introduce a shared AESware architecture to maximize energy efficiency. We develop an operational algorithm for task scheduling in AESware, achieving maximum utilization and minimal latency while maintaining its lightweight nature. To evaluate our solution, we developed 24 processors into three groups: AESware-equipped, baseline, and those with an external AES accelerator per core. After FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) prototyping for functional verification and power consumption analysis via 45 nm process technology synthesis, our findings revealed significant energy savings. AESware-equipped processors achieved up to 76%, 47%, and 33% energy savings at dual-, quad-, and octa-core configurations compared to baseline, respectively, and were more energy-efficient in running AES applications than those with individual accelerators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101894"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}