Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech最新文献

{"title":"A novel pixel antenna by using a genetic algorithm for Wi-Fi 6E applications","authors":"Kayhan Çelik ,&nbsp;Bekir Dursun ,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The number of wireless devices is increasing daily, and these gadgets have become indispensable in people’s daily lives, requiring speedy and unlimited internet access. This may cause the currently used frequency bands to be insufficient or overcrowded. Adding the 6 GHz spectrum as a Wi-Fi 6E may assist in reducing traffic on other bands. However, the large bandwidth raises antenna design difficulties, and this article brings a new antenna proposal to this issue. It is a novel pixel patch antenna optimized by a metaheuristic optimization algorithm for Wi-Fi 6E applications. The shape of the radiating patch is determined using genetics, which is a basic algorithm based on population to achieve wideband operation. The antenna radiating element is divided into small pixel-shaped squares, then, some of them are removed for broadband operation. The antenna is constructed with the FR4 dielectric material, and it has a compact volume of 25 x 25 x 1.6 mm³. The measured impedance bandwidth of the antenna varies between 5.75 GHz and 8.46 GHz, with the maximum radiation efficiency and a gain of values of 67 % and 4.5 dBi. As a result, the suggested antenna may be employed for Wi-Fi 6E applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102072"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stabilization of recycled and pure soils using mussel shell powder and cement: Experimental evaluation of strength and durability","authors":"Tugba Eskisar,&nbsp;Esma Rahat","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of industrial and biogenic waste materials in soil stabilization provides an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional binders. This study evaluates the influence of mussel shell powder (MSP) on both untreated, cemented, and recycled soils, where the recycled soil was initially stabilized with calcium carbide residue, cured for one year, ground into powder, and then re-treated with MSP. Unconfined compression, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and direct shear tests were conducted to assess the strength, compaction, and shear behavior of MSP-stabilized pure, recycled, and cemented soils. The results indicate that MSP addition reduced plasticity and improved soil workability. In recycled soils, 5% MSP provided optimal strength enhancement, while in cemented soils, 20% MSP was required for significant strength gains due to its role in secondary cementation. Freeze-thaw tests demonstrated that MSP-treated soils exhibited up to a 40% reduction in strength loss compared to untreated samples, improving durability in cold climates. The ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements showed strong correlations with unconfined compressive strength, confirming its potential as a non-destructive assessment method for stabilized soils. These findings highlight the potential of MSP as a sustainable stabilizer for improving soil mechanical properties, durability, and resistance to freeze–thaw cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102073"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced thermal management of lithium-ion batteries using hybrid nanofluids in finned mini-channels: Energy and entropy analyses","authors":"Z. Esmaeili ,&nbsp;M. Sheikholeslami","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient thermal management is crucial for maintaining the safety and lifespan of battery packs, particularly during high-discharge operations. This study investigates an innovative approach to cooling these batteries by modifying traditional rectangular mini-channels with bio-inspired fins, modeled after dolphin dorsal shapes and fish contours. Unlike conventional cooling designs, these structures enhance fluid mixing and heat transfer efficiency when paired with a hybrid nanofluid (Fe₃O₄–SWCNT in water) under laminar flow conditions. A time-dependent numerical simulation was conducted to replicate unsteady heat generation in battery cells, and the results were validated against established studies. The findings indicated that dolphin dorsal fins and fish-shaped fins reduce total entropy generation by 28.59 % and 14.12 %, respectively, compared to a standard mini-channel. Additionally, the convective heat transfer coefficient improved by 20.18 % with dolphin fins and 43.04 % with fish fins, demonstrating superior thermal regulation. The hydrothermal performance, evaluated using the performance evaluation criterion (PEC), showed that the fish-shaped fins outperformed dolphin fins by 42.87 %, achieving a PEC value of 1.12. These results highlight the effectiveness of bio-inspired fin geometries in optimizing battery cooling systems, offering a promising strategy for improving the efficiency and longevity of batteries in electric vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102069"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence approach to magnetohydrodynamic flow of non-Newtonian fluids over a wedge: Thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects","authors":"Talal Taha ,&nbsp;Sohaib Abdal ,&nbsp;Liaqat Ali ,&nbsp;Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain ,&nbsp;Se-Jin Yook","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper deals with the analysis of the<!--> <!-->laminar incompressible flow of a Carreau-Casson-Williamson fluid having magnetohydrodynamics effects with thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects over a wedge surface. Using similarity variables, a set of coupled ordinary differential equations are formulated for the governing equations of fluid flow. The solution process comprises a two-stage calculation. ODEs are first solved numerically using MATLAB’s bvp4c function, a known solver of boundary value problems known to solve complex ODEs within fluid dynamics very effectively. Further optimization and simplification of the analysis are achieved by using an artificial neural networking base Levenberg Marquardt algorithm (ANN-LMA) model. The derived dataset was divided into three parts: training 70%, validation 15%, and testing 15%. MSE metric between the values of <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. MSE values can be used to grade the model’s performance. Increased Weissenberg number increases velocity and elasticity by facilitating flow with the boundary layer. On the other hand, raised Casson, Williamson, and magnetic parameters bring down the velocities as there comes the effect of damping and more resistance. Thermophoresis affects the migration rates of the particles by controlling the thermal and concentration gradient in the boundary layer with Brownian motion influencing its diffusion on the viscosity level and stability of fluid while in motion. In general, there is a fundamental interest in wedge flow because this geometry is present in aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, the study of fluids flowing around shapes like airfoils, nozzles, and underwater vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102071"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An efficient binary Harris hawks optimization based on logical operators for wind turbine layout according to various wind scenarios","authors":"Ayşe Beşkirli","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, with the demand for renewable energy the interest in wind energy is increasing day by day and the use of wind turbines is becoming widespread. In order to efficiently generate electricity from wind turbines, it is important that the turbines are correctly positioned on wind farms. In this study, a standard wind farm area of 2 km × 2 km was used for wind turbine layout. In addition, different from the literature, a 4 km × 4 km wind farm area was also created. Both wind farming areas were divided into 10 × 10 and 20 × 20 grids as in the literature. In addition, 25 × 25, 40 × 40 and 50 × 50 grids were also created. Thus, the wind farming area is divided into more grids and more flexible positioning of the turbines is aimed. There are three different case scenarios for the layout of the wind turbines. Case A has a constant wind speed of 12 m/s and unidirectional wind, while Case B has a constant wind speed of 12 m/s with a 36-directional 10° angle. Case C has variable wind speeds of 8, 12 and 17 m/s with a 36-directional 10° angle. The HHO algorithm was used to perform all these processes. However, since the wind turbine layout problem is binary, the HHO algorithm is adapted to binary with logic operators. These binary methods are called HHO_AND and HHO_XOR. The proposed methods achieved competitive results compared to other algorithms in the literature and performed well for all grid structures. Thus, it can be said that the proposed methods are effective for the wind turbine layout problem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102057"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BA-AMST: A blockchain-assisted anonymous and multi-keyword searchable-traceable data sharing system in Industrial Internet of Things","authors":"Leyou Zhang ,&nbsp;Runze Tian ,&nbsp;Qing Wu ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Rezaeibagha","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the widespread adoption of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies and the rapid advancement of cloud storage, enterprises and users have benefited greatly from the convenience of industrial data sharing. A crucial initial step in this process is the ability to perform fast and efficient keyword searches to help users locate the required data within vast datasets. However, the risk of privacy breaches, the presence of malicious actors, and untrusted cloud servers pose significant threats to both individuals and primary data custodians. Ensuring equitable and precise data searches, while safeguarding sensitive industrial data, is therefore of paramount importance in industrial data-sharing systems. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a dynamic, anonymous, and traceable multi-keyword search scheme that integrates attribute-based encryption (ABE) with blockchain technology. A tracing algorithm is introduced to prevent private key leakage, and a Bloom filter is employed to conceal confidential access policies, preserving user privacy. Blockchain is utilized to generate user identities and record interactions between users and the system, ensuring fair search results, enhancing system security, and maintaining data integrity. To improve practicality, we introduce a fine-grained matching algorithm capable of generating four distinct types of feedback based on user-submitted information. Performance evaluations and security analyses demonstrate the solution’s multifunctionality and high efficiency, highlighting its potential for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and performance evaluation of filtering components for switch-mode power supplies based on piezoelectric effect","authors":"Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Yan,&nbsp;Mengxia Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional passive electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters typically need to use common-mode chokes with high inductance values to ensure that switch-mode power supplies (SMPSs) meet relevant electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. This approach not only increases the weight and size of SMPSs but also reduces their power density. To address these issues, this article proposes a method for modelling and performance evaluation of filtering components for SMPSs based on piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectric filtering components (PFCs) possess low impedance properties at their resonant frequency, while outside of resonance, their impedance is similar to that of a capacitor. As a result, PFCs can not only serve as replacements for traditional interference suppression capacitors (e.g., Y-capacitors) used in passive EMI filters but also effectively suppress interference peaks at specific frequencies. Based on the impedance properties of PFCs, this article proposes a resonant frequency design model. This model can precisely tune the multiple resonant frequencies of PFCs by adjusting their shapes and sizes, thereby leveraging the resonant properties of PFCs to selectively suppress interference peaks at multiple specific frequencies in SMPSs. This article applies the PFCs to the flyback converter and investigates their conducted EMI suppression effectiveness. According to the measurement results, compared to the Y-capacitors, the PFCs reduce the weight and volume of the passive EMI filter by 88.72% and 90.71%, respectively. The experimental results indicate that, based on the model developed in this article, using PFCs as a filtering component can lead to a lighter and more compact filter design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102060"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid control prototyping of sensorless control system for PMSM based on multi-agent reinforcement learning and fractional order sliding mode control","authors":"Marcel Nicola ,&nbsp;Claudiu-Ionel Nicola ,&nbsp;Dan Selișteanu ,&nbsp;Dorin Șendrescu","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the overall Field Oriented Control (FOC) control strategy of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), a flexible and efficient control system architecture is developed in this work to achieve superior control performance. Sliding Mode Control (SMC) laws are utilized for both the inner and outer loop, but the typical cascade control characteristic of the system is maintained. Thus, the inner loop (IL) control laws are designed to provide increased flexibility by using fractional order (FO) computation and a response speed that is an order of magnitude higher than that of the outer loop (OL). The optimization of the tuning parameters of these controllers is performed by a computational intelligence (CI) algorithm, more specifically the Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer-Cuckoo Search Optimization (IGWO-CSO). The minimization of the computation time in the implementation of control algorithms is achieved by using a neural network (NN) that estimates the derivative value of the sliding surface in the structure of the SMC type speed controller. A term is added to the control law to cancel global perturbations of the system model, estimated with a Disturbance Observer (DO). Mitigation of the numerical stability problems of the derivative computation is achieved by using a Levant observer tracking differentiator. The use of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) based on three properly trained Twin-Delayed Deep Deterministic (TD3) RL agents, which provide correction signals overlapping the control signals, contributes to the superior performance of the sensorless control system of the PMSM (SCS-PMSM). These include both parametric robustness to parameter and load torque variations, but also the use of an adaptation law to estimate the stator resistance, which can vary significantly. The superiority of the proposed SCS-PMSM over a benchmark control system based on Proportional Integrator (PI) controllers is demonstrated by following both the Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulated-Rapid Control Prototyping (HILS-RCP) phases. The realization of an RCP for the proposed RCP SCS-PMSM at different sampling periods corresponding to the implementation in both high performance and low/medium performance Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) is achieved using a SpeedGoat Performance Real-Time Target Machine platform.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102054"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front Matter 1 - Full Title Page (regular issues)/Special Issue Title page (special issues)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0986(25)00121-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2215-0986(25)00121-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 102066"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An active learning driven deep spatio-textural acoustic feature ensemble assisted learning environment for violence detection in surveillance videos","authors":"Duba Sriveni ,&nbsp;Dr.Loganathan R","doi":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jestch.2025.102050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a novel and robust deep spatio-textural acoustic feature ensemble-assisted learning environment is proposed for violence detection in surveillance videos (DestaVNet). As the name indicates, the proposed DestaVNet model exploits visual and acoustic features to perform violence detection. Additionally, to ensure the scalability of the solution, it employs an active learning concept that retains optimally sufficient frames for further computation and thus reduces computational costs decisively. More specifically, the DestaVNet model initially splits input surveillance footage into acoustic and video frames, followed by multi-constraints active learning based on the most representative frame selection. It applied the least confidence (LC), entropy margin (EM), and margin sampling (MS) criteria to retain the optimal frames for further feature extraction. The DestaVNet model executes pre-processing and feature extraction separately over the frames and corresponding acoustic signals. It performs intensity equalization, histogram equalization, resizing and z-score normalization as pre-processing task, which is followed by deep spatio-textural feature extraction by using gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), ResNet101 and SqueezeNet deep networks. On the other hand, the different acoustic features, including mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC), gammatone cepstral coefficient (GTCC), <span><math><mrow><mi>GTCC</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>Δ</mi></mrow></math></span>, harmonic to noise ratio (HNR), spectral features and pitch were obtained. These acoustic and spatio-textural features were fused to yield a composite audio-visual feature set, which was later processed for principal component analysis (PCA) to minimize redundancy, and k-NN as part of an ensemble classifier to enhance prediction accuracy, achieving superior performance. The z-score normalization was performed to alleviate the over-fitting problem. Finally, the retained feature sets were processed for two-class classification by using a heterogeneous ensemble learning model, embodying SVM, DT, k-NN, NB, and RF classifiers. Simulation results confirmed that the proposed DestaVNet model outperforms other existing violence prediction methods, where its superiority was affirmed in terms of the (99.92%), precision (99.67%), recall (99.29%) and F-Measure (0.992).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48609,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}