Agricultural & Environmental Letters最新文献

{"title":"Interaction of organic nitrogen and C/N ratio enhances soil microarthropod abundance","authors":"Md Ariful Haque,&nbsp;Yuto Minemura,&nbsp;Kazuo Sazawa,&nbsp;Hideki Kuramitz,&nbsp;Naoya Wada","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ael2.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic management is widely regarded as an effective strategy to prevent soil degradation in agroecosystems. In this study, we investigated the abundance of soil microarthropods in a multi-cropping system by comparing organic and conventional management practices. A total of 189 soil samples were collected from 63 agricultural sites cultivating three crops: paddy rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.), soybeans [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merrill], and vegetables [<i>Cucurbita moschata</i> (Duch.) Poir., <i>Solanum melongena</i> L., etc.]. An averaged generalized linear mixed model revealed that both organic management and vegetable cropping were associated with significantly higher microarthropod abundance. We also detected a positive interaction between the soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and organic nitrogen content, indicating that organically enriched soils provide favorable conditions for microarthropods. Our findings demonstrate that agricultural management practices, cropping systems, and soil nutrient profiles collectively shape the abundance of soil microarthropods.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing a spatially explicit monitoring system for phosphorus use efficiency for crop fields","authors":"Kabindra Adhikari,&nbsp;Douglas R. Smith,&nbsp;Chad Hajda","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We evaluated a geospatially explicit phosphorus (P) use efficiency (PUE) monitoring method in crop fields using proximal sensing, field observations, and machine learning. Corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) yield and grain protein content were measured using an Ag Leader yield monitor and a CropScan sensor near Riesel, Texas. Topsoil P (0–15 cm) and grain P levels were analyzed for samples collected at strategic field locations. A random forest model was trained to predict PUE using soil electrical conductivity (EC_a) from a Veris instrument and topographic variables as predictors (<i>R</i>² = 0.78, root mean squared error = 0.01). CropScan sensor effectively estimated grain P content, supporting field-wide PUE upscaling. EC_a and elevation were the primary drivers of PUE variation. The resulting maps are valuable for monitoring PUE in crop fields and guiding variable-rate fertilizer applications. This scalable approach provides a robust framework for monitoring nutrient dynamics and efficiency, informing precision management strategies to enhance yield and sustainability in crop production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does growing latitude influence soybean seed critical amino acid content? A meta-analysis","authors":"Prabath Senanayaka Mudiyanselage,&nbsp;Laura E. Lindsey,&nbsp;Seun O. Oladipupo","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.] seed critical amino acid (CAA) content is a key quality factor for buyers worldwide, yet its spatial variability remains unclear. This study evaluated the correlation between growing latitude and CAA content in soybean seed using published data. Pearson's <i>r</i> values were extracted, converted to Fisher's Z as an effect-size metric, and analyzed using a random-effects model. Lysine, cystine, methionine, and tryptophan showed no significant correlations, while threonine exhibited a significant negative correlation with absolute latitude (Z = −0.50, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Subgroup analysis revealed additional significant correlations for lysine in soybean meal (Z = −0.74, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and for threonine (chemical methods to measure CAAs: Z = −0.58, <i>p</i> = 0.03; studies conducted outside the United States: Z = −0.78, <i>p</i> = 0.02). The absence of consistent correlations across multiple soybean-growing regions worldwide suggests that latitude alone should not determine a buyer's purchasing decision regarding soybean CAA content.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct phosphorus release from fresh and legacy biosolids-amended sandy soils","authors":"Yang Lin,&nbsp;Isabella D. Brush,&nbsp;JoAnn B. Donald,&nbsp;Me'Keila A. Lightfoot,&nbsp;Todd Z. Osborne,&nbsp;Rex Ellis,&nbsp;Andy Canion","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biosolids are commonly used as soil amendments; however, repeated application of biosolids results in phosphorus (P) accumulation, elevating environmental risks by increasing P loss through runoff and leaching. Predicting soil P loss after ceasing biosolids application remains challenging. In a laboratory experiment, 80 leaching events were applied to sandy soils with biosolids application histories from active use to 15 years post-application. Soils with recent applications showed an early peak in P release that later stabilized, while those with legacy applications exhibited lower but more consistent P release. These results suggest that fresh biosolids contained a highly mobile P fraction that depletes over time, leaving behind more fixed P that may persist for decades. These P release trajectories could be reasonably modeled by two-pool exponential decay models. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of biosolids aging in regulating P dynamics and identify the hot moments in P loss in biosolids-impacted systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing cover crop mixtures over a decade via species replacement and seeding rate adjustment","authors":"Sheryl C. Hosler,&nbsp;Ebony G. Murrell,&nbsp;Kathleen E. Arrington,&nbsp;Bàrbara Baraibar,&nbsp;Mary E. Barbercheck,&nbsp;Brosi A. Bradley,&nbsp;Mac Burgess,&nbsp;Denise M. Finney,&nbsp;Mitchell C. Hunter,&nbsp;James C. LaChance,&nbsp;David A. Mortensen,&nbsp;Charles M. White,&nbsp;Carolyn J. Lowry,&nbsp;Jason P. Kaye","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cover crop mixtures provide ecosystem services, but species’ relative abundance in mixtures is challenging to manage. We report on an 11-year experiment where our main objective was to use species selection and seeding rate adjustments over time to increase the evenness of mixtures. Replacing rye with triticale and red clover with crimson clover while adjusting seeding rates resulted in mixtures that were more even and closer to the desired composition (greater legume biomass) than the original communities. For example, the first version of a six-species mixture produced biomass composed of 81% grass, 5% brassica, and 14% legume, but after adjustments, subsequent versions contained 25% grass, 10% brassica, and 65% legume biomass. Substituting a less aggressive grass for a dominant grass and a more aggressive legume for a weaker legume better balanced the mixture to meet farmers’ ecosystem service goals, as did reducing the proportion of grass seed in the mixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary assessment of crushed rock, compost, and biochar amendments on soil physical properties","authors":"Sarah A. Costanzo,&nbsp;Iris O. Holzer,&nbsp;Nall I. Moonilall,&nbsp;Amber Davenport,&nbsp;Benjamin Z. Houlton,&nbsp;Mallika A. Nocco","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <p>Innovative carbon dioxide removal strategies using soil amendments like crushed silicate rock may alter soil structure and function by inducing changes in soil mineralogy. We hypothesized that crushed silicate rock would improve soil physical properties. This study investigated how stand-alone and combined application of crushed metabasalt and olivine rock (40.3 and 26.9 Mg ha⁻¹), compost (9 Mg ha⁻¹), and biochar (10 Mg ha⁻¹) influenced soil physical health over a 2-year drought period in a Northern California corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) cropping system. Rock-amended soils exhibited greater aggregate stability, up to 400% greater hydraulic conductivity, and up to 21% lower penetration resistance following 3 years of repeated application, with no changes in texture or plant-available water. Co-application of organic amendments yielded no additional benefits compared to rock alone, but usually improved physical properties compared to the unamended control. Long-term studies are needed to gauge the rate and persistence of these improvements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Core Ideas</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Enhanced rock weathering harnesses weathering reactions to remove atmospheric carbon dioxide via soil and water.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The impacts of crushed silicate rock amendments on soil physical properties over time remain unclear.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Rock-amended soils showed evidence of structural and hydraulic improvement following three annual applications.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Biochar enhanced soil physical quality alone and in combination with compost.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Future work should assess co-benefits and tradeoffs associated with silicate rock application on cropland soils.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for non-primary macronutrient limitations on cherry yields in young robusta agroforestry systems in the Ecuadorian Amazon","authors":"Chase S. Kasmerchak,&nbsp;Jordon Wade,&nbsp;Eduardo Chavez,&nbsp;Carlos Caicedo,&nbsp;Cristian Subía,&nbsp;Andrew J. Margenot","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Robusta (<i>Coffea canephora</i> Pierre ex Froehner) is a vital cash crop for smallholder farmers in the Ecuadorian Amazon. However, fertility recommendations for robusta production are highly variable across contexts, necessitating regionally tailored recommendations to better diagnose yield-limiting nutrients. Across a gradient of input intensities and agroforestry reflective of local practices, we employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to identify which soil fertility measures and leaf nutrients best explained robusta yields across replicated management system treatments in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Leaf nutrients, particularly calcium and magnesium, were stronger and more parsimonious predictors of yields than soil inorganic nitrogen and Mehlich-3 extractable phosphorus and potassium. Although the LASSO model provided reasonable yield estimates (<i>R</i>² = 0.74; root mean square error = 0.23 kg tree⁻¹), model underestimation of yields &gt;1.0 kg tree⁻¹ suggests that other factor(s) not captured by soil and foliar nutrient measures may limit cherry production in higher-yielding systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biostimulant or biological? The complexity of defining, categorizing, and regulating microbial inoculants","authors":"Connor N. Sible,&nbsp;Juliann R. Seebauer,&nbsp;Frederick E. Below","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agronomic use of specialty products known as biostimulants to improve crop productivity is growing. Traditionally, biostimulants are defined as any substance or microorganism applied to plants to enhance nutrient use efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stress, and crop yield and/or quality. However, grouping non-living products with living microbial inoculants poses regulatory guideline challenges. Moreover, peer-reviewed literature and regulatory legislation utilize “biostimulants” while industry and farmers have recently adopted the term “biologicals,” confusing discussions related to product regulation and policy. To better understand the challenges associated with this input sector, we have focused on four critical aspects: (1) the current regulatory status, (2) terminology disparity of biostimulants and biologicals, (3) key attributes that distinguish microorganisms from non-living biostimulants, and (4) mechanism of action differences between plant growth-promoting microorganisms and plant growth regulators. Therefore, we propose that living beneficial microorganisms and non-living biostimulants be separated with distinct regulatory requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do fields with elevated soil test phosphorus disproportionately contribute to Western Lake Erie Basin dissolved phosphorus loading?","authors":"Emily N. Byers,&nbsp;Laura T. Johnson,&nbsp;Kevin W. King,&nbsp;Chad J. Penn,&nbsp;Mark R. Williams","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <p>Crop production fields with elevated soil test phosphorus (STP) concentrations are often purported as the primary contributor to dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) loads in the Western Lake Erie Basin (WLEB). Annual DRP loading from 41 fields categorized into low/medium (&lt;75 mg kg⁻¹), high (75–150 mg kg⁻¹), and very high (&gt;300 mg kg⁻¹) STP were upscaled using three scenarios (i.e., 5%, 10%, and 20% of fields contained STP &gt; 75 mg kg⁻¹). An estimated 34% (±10%) of DRP loading originated from elevated STP fields when assuming 10% of the WLEB had STP &gt; 75 mg kg⁻¹. Assuming 5% of the WLEB had STP &gt; 75 mg kg⁻¹, the contribution reduced to 17% (±5%). Elevated STP fields disproportionately contribute to WLEB DRP loads but are not the dominant source leading to harmful and nuisance algal blooms. Targeted upland (e.g., nutrient management) and edge-of-field (e.g., P removal structures) practices are needed across the broad spectrum of STP concentrations to meet loading goals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Core Ideas</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Elevated soil test phosphorus (STP: &gt;75 mg kg⁻¹) disproportionately influenced dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) loads.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>A majority of the DRP load in the Western Lake Erie Basin (WLEB) originated in fields with STP &lt;75 mg kg⁻¹.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The low occurrence of very high STP (&gt;300 mg kg⁻¹) fields limited their contribution to WLEB DRP loads.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Targeted upland and edge-of-field conservation practices are required across a broad spectrum of STP.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioisotopic labeling reveals inaccuracy of phosphorus use efficiency of ammonium phosphate fertilizers calculated by the difference method","authors":"Andrew J. Margenot,&nbsp;Neha Chatterjee,&nbsp;Chongyang Li","doi":"10.1002/ael2.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Management of phosphorus (P) inputs to agroecosystems is often evaluated by phosphorus use efficiency (PUE), but different calculation approaches may yield discrepancies in estimated PUE values. We evaluated PUE (i) indirectly calculated by difference in crop P uptake between a P-fertilized versus a P-unfertilized control (PUE_diff) and (ii) directly measured by tracing radioisotopically labeled fertilizer P (PUE_isotope). Using two ammonium phosphate fertilizers of high (monoammonium phosphate [MAP]) and low (struvite) water solubility in three soils with non-limiting extractable soil P concentrations (Mehlich-3 P &gt; 25 mg kg⁻¹), we find dissimilar PUE_isotope versus PUE_diff. PUE_diff often yielded negative values (77% of observations), whereas PUE_isotope was (i) positive and (ii) higher (two- to fourfold) for MAP than struvite, and (iii) unassociated with soil Mehlich-3 P concentrations. Thus, PUE_diff appears to underestimate PUE and miss differences in PUE among fertilizerss. Our results raise the need to reconsider calculation of PUE and to address practical challenges to in situ measurement of PUE_isotope.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}