Personality and Individual Differences最新文献_第9页

Alexithymia in athletic populations: Prevalence, and relationship with self-control and reinvestment 运动员中的亚历山大症：患病率以及与自我控制和再投资的关系

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112868

Hannah L. Graham, Ruth Boat, Simon B. Cooper, Noel P. Kinrade

{"title":"Alexithymia in athletic populations: Prevalence, and relationship with self-control and reinvestment","authors":"Hannah L. Graham, Ruth Boat, Simon B. Cooper, Noel P. Kinrade","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alexithymia is the inability to identify or describe feelings, with a tendency for externally oriented thinking; these facets have potential benefits for athletic performance. This study explored the prevalence of alexithymia among athletes, across different sports and athletic ability, and considered the relationship between alexithymia and trait self-control, and between alexithymia and reinvestment. Athletes (<em>N</em> = 787) completed a 15-min online survey which comprised self-report questionnaires (e.g., demographic, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS), Decision Specific Reinvestment Scale (DSRS), and The Brief Self-Control Scale). The overall prevalence of high-alexithymia was notable in an athletic population; analyzes revealed that high-static-dynamic sports had higher alexithymia scores compared to low-static-dynamic sports. Athletes with higher alexithymia scores were related to lower trait self-control, in addition to higher MSRS and DSRS scores. The findings of the present study suggest that alexithymic athletes experience emotional dysregulation issues, are more likely to engage in risky behaviors, and engage in processes which are detrimental to their performance. This study represents an initial exploration, and future research should expand upon these findings to fully determine the performance outcomes of alexithymia in sport.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886924003283/pdfft?md5=1c644f502180691f62e302b051fc3967&pid=1-s2.0-S0191886924003283-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does creativity breed unethical behavior? The roles of novelty and appropriateness in unethical behavior 创造力会滋生不道德行为吗？新颖性和适当性在不道德行为中的作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112879

Changzhi Zhao , Shujin Zhou , Xiaodie Li , Shuyi Bian , Dan Li

{"title":"Does creativity breed unethical behavior? The roles of novelty and appropriateness in unethical behavior","authors":"Changzhi Zhao , Shujin Zhou , Xiaodie Li , Shuyi Bian , Dan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although researchers posit that creativity leads to more unethical behavior, findings have been mixed. The inconsistency may stem from previous studies prioritizing novelty over appropriateness. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential associations between novelty and appropriateness in creativity and children's inclinations towards implicit and explicit unethical behavior. Primary school children (<em>N</em> = 263, <em>M</em>age = 11.25; 44.5 % girls) completed the alternative uses task (AUT) measuring their creativity and questionnaires measuring their unethical behavior tendency. Results showed that novelty was positively correlated with unethical behavior, while appropriateness was negatively correlated with unethical behavior. Most importantly, appropriateness moderated the relationship between novelty and children's unethical behavior. The current findings improve the understanding of the association between creativity and unethical behavior and its underlying mechanism. It demonstrates that novelty and appropriateness play different roles in unethical behavior. Further, these results can inspire methods to cultivate creativity in educational environments and daily life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulating the process overlap theory of intelligence: A unified framework bridging psychometric and cognitive perspectives 模拟智力过程重叠理论：连接心理测量和认知观点的统一框架

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112865

Han Hao , Andrew R.A. Conway , Kristóf Kovács , Jean-Paul Snijder

{"title":"Simulating the process overlap theory of intelligence: A unified framework bridging psychometric and cognitive perspectives","authors":"Han Hao , Andrew R.A. Conway , Kristóf Kovács , Jean-Paul Snijder","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates process overlap theory (POT; Kovacs & Conway, 2016, 2019) as a contemporary unified framework for understanding individual differences in cognitive abilities, incorporating psychometric and cognitive theories. We developed dynamics to simulate potential correlational/causal structures of cognitive processes involved in human cognitive activities based on POT, examining how these structures align with psychometric models. Test scores were generated from a sampling of simulated cognitive processes and fitted by typical latent factor models. Despite the absence of a general cognitive ability in generating the data, results showed that a standard higher-order “general intelligence” model fit the data well. As POT rejects the notion of a general factor of intelligence (g), psychometric network models (Borsboom et al., 2021; Epskamp et al., 2018) were also implemented to simulated test scores, as they align better with the theory. Estimated factor/cluster scores for simulated broad abilities from the latent factor and network models are compared and discussed. This study demonstrates POT's compatibility with standard psychometric models, including the general intelligence factor, without assuming a common cognitive cause. The results support POT and provide an alternative theoretical and statistical framework for contemporary research on human cognition, combining psychometric and cognitive theories of intelligence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112865"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ISSID Pages ISSID 页面

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/S0191-8869(24)00333-7

引用次数: 0

Inside Front Cover - Ed. Board, Aims and Scope, Copyright, Publication information, Orders and Claims, Advertising information, Author inquiries, Permissions, Funding body, Permanence of paper, Impressum (German titles only) and GFA link in double column 封面内页 - 编辑董事会、目标和范围、版权、出版信息、订单和索赔、广告信息、作者查询、许可、资助机构、论文永久保存、Impressum（仅限德文标题）以及双栏中的 GFA 链接

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/S0191-8869(24)00332-5

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of the long and short forms of the rest intolerance scale for college students 大学生休息不耐受量表长、短量表的开发与验证

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112869

Fei Wang , Haoran Song , Xiaoxuan Meng , Ting Wang , Qian Zhang , Ziying Yu , Siyuan Fan , Yibo Wu

{"title":"Development and validation of the long and short forms of the rest intolerance scale for college students","authors":"Fei Wang , Haoran Song , Xiaoxuan Meng , Ting Wang , Qian Zhang , Ziying Yu , Siyuan Fan , Yibo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the development of Chinese society, “rest intolerance” has become a topic of great concern and discussion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dimensions and psychological connotations of rest intolerance and to develop both short and long versions of the rest intolerance scale suitable for Chinese university students. We used three steps to development the scales. In Study 1, we first used interviews and the grounded theory to propose the psychological connotation of rest intolerance and its characteristic dimensions, i.e., negative feelings, obsessive thinking, social comparison, and cognitive bias. On this basis, the rest intolerance scale was compiled, and a four-dimensional scale containing 24 items was obtained through item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and exploratory graph analysis. Study 2 validated the 4 characteristic dimensions of rest intolerance in a new sample through confirmatory factor analysis, content validity test, and criterion-related validity test, the results show that the 24-item rest intolerance scale (RIS-24) has good reliability and validity. Study 3 developed a short version of the 8-item Rest Intolerance Scale (RIS-8) using genetic algorithms. Overall, the present study provides two instruments for the measurement of rest intolerance that will facilitate the progress of future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of social comparison orientation on malicious envy among high school students: The chain mediating role of avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination 社会比较取向对高中生恶意嫉妒的影响：回避目标定向和消极反刍的连锁中介作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112867

Shinan Sun , Mengmeng Feng , Xiuli Guo , Shuang Lin , Gonglu Cheng , Xuejun Bai

{"title":"The impact of social comparison orientation on malicious envy among high school students: The chain mediating role of avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination","authors":"Shinan Sun , Mengmeng Feng , Xiuli Guo , Shuang Lin , Gonglu Cheng , Xuejun Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The high school stage is a critical period for students to develop their perspectives on life and to form healthy relationships with others. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social comparison orientation and malicious envy among high school students, as well as the mediating effects of avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination. A survey was conducted with 643 high school students, employing the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure, the Avoidance Goal Orientation Scale, the Negative Rumination Scale, and the Malicious Envy Scale. The findings indicated that: (1) there is a significant positive association between social comparison orientation, avoidance goal orientation, negative rumination, and malicious envy; (2) social comparison orientation does not directly and significantly predict malicious envy among high school students when avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination are considered as mediating factors; (3) social comparison orientation indirectly affects the negative rumination of high school students through the independent and chain mediating effects of avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination. This research sheds light on the underlying mechanisms by which social comparison orientation influences malicious envy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality as consequence and antecedent of bullying victimization in adolescence: A cross-lagged panel and genetically informed investigation 人格是青少年欺凌行为的结果和前因：跨滞后面板和遗传信息调查

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112842

Christoph H. Klatzka, Oliver Raufeisen, Elisabeth Hahn, Frank M. Spinath

{"title":"Personality as consequence and antecedent of bullying victimization in adolescence: A cross-lagged panel and genetically informed investigation","authors":"Christoph H. Klatzka, Oliver Raufeisen, Elisabeth Hahn, Frank M. Spinath","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bullying victimization is a serious problem with far-reaching consequences for the victims. Research has concluded that certain personality factors are associated with the frequency of bullying victimization experiences, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Most longitudinal research to date has primarily focused on adulthood (e.g., workplace experiences), neglecting the reciprocal effects that bullying victimization and personality may have during adolescence, a phase particularly susceptible to personality change. Hence, this project investigated the reciprocal relationship between personality factors and bullying victimization using data from TwinLife, a study with a representative sample of about 4000 German twin families. Focusing on middle adolescence (N ≈ 1500, M = 13 years), cross-lagged modeling revealed cross-sectional associations and correlated changes, but no reciprocal longitudinal relationship between certain personality dimensions and the frequency of bullying victimization. Bivariate Cholesky modeling was utilized to investigate the etiology of the cross-sectional associations. We identified common genetic causes underlying both bullying victimization and Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Conscientiousness, which decreased with age. Thus, environmental factors, such as the social peer group and social connectedness, appeared to gain importance throughout adolescence, influencing both personality and the likelihood of experiencing victimization. Further research should incorporate and further examine environmental processes to improve our understanding of bullying victimization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886924003027/pdfft?md5=f06472202231981c17e524d717ae1a11&pid=1-s2.0-S0191886924003027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do resources make adolescents happier? Belief in a just world as an adaptive mediator between subjective socioeconomic status and life satisfaction 资源会让青少年更快乐吗？对公正世界的信念是主观社会经济地位与生活满意度之间的适应性中介因素

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112858

Yihao Lv , Liang Sheng , Sufei Xin

{"title":"Do resources make adolescents happier? Belief in a just world as an adaptive mediator between subjective socioeconomic status and life satisfaction","authors":"Yihao Lv , Liang Sheng , Sufei Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Life satisfaction is adaptive, yet the antecedents of its adaptability require further exploration. Drawing from evolutionary psychology, this study aimed to investigate the adaptive mechanisms underlying happiness among adolescents, considering that adaptation involves subjective evaluation, including both first-order and second-order evaluations. Through a cross-sectional study (Study 1) and a longitudinal study (Study 2), this research examined the impact of subjective socioeconomic status on life satisfaction and the mediating roles of general and personal belief in a just world. Findings from both studies indicated that subjective socioeconomic status positively predicts life satisfaction. Moreover, it was the general belief in a just world, rather than the personal belief in a just world, that mediated this relationship. This study examined how evolutionary theory and second-order evaluation theory explain the impact of subjective socioeconomic status on life satisfaction, emphasizing the belief in a just world as a crucial adaptive belief mediating this relationship. We should emphasize the belief in a just world among adolescents with low subjective socioeconomic status, as a strategy to boost their long-term happiness. By fostering a sense of fairness and acceptance in adolescents' evaluations of their socioeconomic status, we can better promote their mental health and overall happiness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fearless happiness in apparel store sales performance and the two faces of conscientiousness 服装店销售业绩中的无畏快乐与自觉性的两面性

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112864

Jessica Kottirre , Gerhard Blickle , Andreas Wihler

{"title":"Fearless happiness in apparel store sales performance and the two faces of conscientiousness","authors":"Jessica Kottirre , Gerhard Blickle , Andreas Wihler","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conscientiousness can be an important personality predictor of sales performance. However, it has been suggested that Conscientiousness may have two faces in the job performance context: the highly functioning worker and the nervous low performer driven by angst. Based on the moderated expression model of Conscientiousness in job performance and the apparel store sales context, we tested whether the Fearless Happiness trait, a compound trait of Emotional Stability and Extraversion, positively moderated the relation between salespersons' (<em>N</em> = 251) Conscientiousness and objective individual sales performance over one year in a large nationwide chain of apparel stores (<em>N</em> = 174 units). We found that individuals who possessed elevated trait levels of Conscientiousness and Fearless Happiness were the high-functioning salespersons, individually improving sales performance by more than €20,500 per year above beyond Customer Service Orientation. We discuss implications for the two faces of Conscientiousness in sales performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886924003246/pdfft?md5=4c7404733985ee97b0beae90c4be07a1&pid=1-s2.0-S0191886924003246-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0