Personality and Individual Differences最新文献_第9页

Nostalgia enhances gratitude by fostering social connectedness 怀旧通过培养社会联系来增强感激之情

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113602

Jeffrey D. Green , Tim Wildschut , Constantine Sedikides , Margaret A. Kneuer , Mattie V. Hedgebeth , Isabella L. Di Lauro , Stephanie A. Barrientos

{"title":"Nostalgia enhances gratitude by fostering social connectedness","authors":"Jeffrey D. Green , Tim Wildschut , Constantine Sedikides , Margaret A. Kneuer , Mattie V. Hedgebeth , Isabella L. Di Lauro , Stephanie A. Barrientos","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Philip Zimbardo helped redefine and expand research on mental time travel through his work on time perspective (<span><span>Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999</span></span>). Nostalgia is a psychologically rich experience centered around sentimental recollection of the past, particularly momentous events involving loved ones. We hypothesized that such nostalgic reverie would enhance gratitude. We further hypothesized that social connectedness, a sense of belongingness and acceptance, would mediate this link. Three methodologically diverse studies (correlational, longitudinal, experimental) tested these two hypotheses. In Study 1, those higher in trait nostalgia were more likely to evince gratitude. In longitudinal Study 2, trait nostalgia predicted gratitude 16 months later. In experimental Study 3, participants who listened to a nostalgic song reported more gratitude than those who listened to a cheerful control song. In each study, social connectedness mediated nostalgia's association with (Studies 1–2), and causal effect on (Study 3), gratitude: nostalgia increases gratitude via heightened social connectedness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 113602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ego and academic ethics: A brief investigation into the associations among three facets of narcissism, academic entitlement, and academic dishonesty 自我与学术伦理：自恋、学术权利和学术不诚实三个方面的关系初探

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113627

Trishikha Kiran Rao , Cameron S. Kay

{"title":"Ego and academic ethics: A brief investigation into the associations among three facets of narcissism, academic entitlement, and academic dishonesty","authors":"Trishikha Kiran Rao , Cameron S. Kay","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Educators continue to face two challenges in the classroom: academic entitlement and academic dishonesty. While both have been linked to narcissism, much of the existing work has relied on only a single, unidimensional measure of the trait, obscuring how its facets may be differentially associated with these problematic academic beliefs and behaviors. The present preregistered study (<em>N</em> = 338) explores the associations of three facets of narcissism—antagonism, agentic extraversion, and narcissistic neuroticism—with academic entitlement and attitudes toward academic dishonesty. We found that antagonism was significantly positively correlated with academic entitlement and academic dishonesty, potentially due to the arrogance and deceitfulness characteristic of the facet. We also found that agentic extraversion was significantly positively correlated with academic entitlement but not academic dishonesty, perhaps a consequence of the facet's grandiose (but not necessarily deceitful) nature. Narcissistic neuroticism was associated with neither academic entitlement nor academic dishonesty, indicating that the shame and vulnerability typical of the facet likely do not play a role in either construct. These findings provide insight into the personality correlates of academic entitlement and academic dishonesty and could be used to help develop targeted interventions for combating these problematic beliefs and behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 113627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How future time perspective and subjective nearness-to-death shape post-traumatic symptoms: A longitudinal study 未来时间观和主观濒死感如何塑造创伤后症状：一项纵向研究

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113619

Yoav S. Bergman , Gali H. Weissberger

{"title":"How future time perspective and subjective nearness-to-death shape post-traumatic symptoms: A longitudinal study","authors":"Yoav S. Bergman , Gali H. Weissberger","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This longitudinal study examined the role of two subjective time perceptions, future time perspective (FTP) and subjective nearness-to-death (SNtD), in predicting war-related post-traumatic symptoms (PTS) among Israeli older adults. Drawing on socioemotional selectivity theory, time perspective research, and terror management theory, we hypothesized that a narrow FTP would predict higher SNtD over time, and that SNtD would mediate the FTP-PTS association. Data were collected from 157 Israeli older adults (age range = 60–86, M = 69.47, SD = 5.65) at baseline (T1) and six months later (T2). Participants completed measures of FTP, SNtD, and ICD-11-based PTS, with relevant sociodemographic and war exposure variables controlled. A narrow baseline FTP predicted increased SNtD and PTS six months later. Moreover, SNtD at T2 significantly mediated the association between FTP at T1 and PTS at T2 (indirect effect = −0.25, bootstrapped 95 % CIs [−0.51, −0.04]), suggesting that perceptions of a foreshortened future intensify PTS through heightened mortality awareness. These findings underscore the psychological vulnerability created by disrupted time perspectives in late life and highlight the clinical relevance of addressing both existential concerns and future-oriented thinking in trauma interventions. The study suggests that including mortality awareness in time perspective approaches may improve support for older adults' PTS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 113619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relationship between character strengths and well-being (PERMA-Profiler) across the life span in East Asia: Data from Japan and China 东亚人性格优势与幸福感的关系（PERMA-Profiler）：来自日本和中国的数据

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113615

Minglu Li , Tazuko Aoki , Tomoya Imura , Kensaku Sasayama , Minoru Adachi

引用次数: 0

Using random item slope regression to examine variable redundancy: The case of sadism and psychopathy 用随机项目斜率回归检验变量冗余：施虐狂和精神病的案例

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113621

Samuel J. West , Nicholas D. Thomson

{"title":"Using random item slope regression to examine variable redundancy: The case of sadism and psychopathy","authors":"Samuel J. West , Nicholas D. Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of sadism and psychopathy commonly evince strong positive associations between the constructs and similar patterns of association with other variables. These findings have led scholars to question whether sadism is a unique trait or is redundant with psychopathy. Evidence has been provided on both sides of this debate, but most of this evidence relies on traditional measurement models and thus favors aggregate-level associations over item-level slopes. To this end we applied random item slope regression towards the examination of the redundancy of these constructs. Results of our study (<em>N</em> = 1267) indicated that random item slopes existed between sadism and each of the facets of psychopathy with many components of sadism evincing null or negative slopes with the facets of psychopathy. Most strikingly, the physical sadism items demonstrated consistently negative slopes with the psychopathy facets excepting the criminal tendencies facet. We conclude that sadism and psychopathy are related, but empirically distinct constructs and offer suggestions for the theoretical development of sadism to help differentiate it further as a construct.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 113621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When time matters: The moderating role of time perspectives in the relationship between neuroticism and procrastination 当时间重要：时间视角在神经质和拖延症关系中的调节作用

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113618

Dominik Borawski , Bartłomiej Rozpara , Karolina Ginalska

{"title":"When time matters: The moderating role of time perspectives in the relationship between neuroticism and procrastination","authors":"Dominik Borawski , Bartłomiej Rozpara , Karolina Ginalska","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined whether time perspectives moderate the relationship between neuroticism and procrastination. A convenience sample of 232 adults (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 38.4, 72.41 % women) completed self-report measures of neuroticism (NEO Five-Factor Inventory), procrastination (Pure Procrastination Scale), and time perspectives (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory). As expected, neuroticism was positively associated with procrastination. Importantly, several time perspectives moderated this association. Specifically, a Past-Positive orientation buffered, whereas Past-Negative and Present-Fatalistic perspectives amplified the link between neuroticism and procrastination. Similarly, individuals with a more imbalanced temporal profile showed a stronger neuroticism–procrastination link, while those with more balanced profiles were less vulnerable. In contrast, Future and Present-Hedonistic perspectives did not moderate the relationship, though Future orientation was a robust negative predictor of procrastination across the sample. These findings suggest that procrastination is not solely a trait-based vulnerability but reflects interactions between personality and time-related cognitive-emotional patterns. Given that temporal orientations are modifiable through intervention, targeting maladaptive time perspectives may support efforts to mitigate procrastination in those prone to negative affectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 113618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual differences in life-history strategies and preferences for energy dense foods 生活史策略和对能量密集食物偏好的个体差异

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113650

Ray Garza

引用次数: 0

Emotional blur as an individual difference variable: Prospective associations with alexithymia and neuroticism 情绪模糊作为个体差异变量：与述情障碍和神经质的前瞻性关联

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113612

Jean-Baptiste Pavani , Lina Bridault , Nicolas Pichot

{"title":"Emotional blur as an individual difference variable: Prospective associations with alexithymia and neuroticism","authors":"Jean-Baptiste Pavani , Lina Bridault , Nicolas Pichot","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A myriad of studies suggest that higher alexithymia—particularly difficulty perceiving/identifying emotions—is associated with increased dysphoria and poorer mental health. However, little is known about which specific difficulties (e.g., limited emotional vocabulary, confusion between emotion types, imprecise estimation of emotional intensity) contribute to the development of alexithymia and its consequences. The present study addresses this gap by introducing and examining the construct of emotional blur (i.e., the perception of one's emotional intensity in a vague or imprecise manner). A two-wave study was conducted with 508 French adults at baseline (t1), 202 of whom also participated at follow-up (t2). Emotional blur, alexithymia, and neuroticism were assessed at both waves. As expected, emotional blur at t1 prospectively and positively predicted the difficulty perceiving/identifying emotions facet of alexithymia and neuroticism. Mediation analyses further indicated that t1 emotional blur predicted increased neuroticism over time via increased difficulty perceiving/identifying emotions over time. These results suggest that emotional blur may be one of the emotion processing difficulties that contribute to reduced well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 113612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-context gaslighting and the role of victim personality 跨情境煤气灯和受害者人格的作用

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113623

Ellen Dapperger, Karl-Heinz Renner

{"title":"Cross-context gaslighting and the role of victim personality","authors":"Ellen Dapperger, Karl-Heinz Renner","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theoretical accounts of gaslighting suggest that certain personality traits (e.g., Big Five, motives) can pose a risk for experiencing gaslighting while others may serve as protective factors (e.g., self-esteem, well-being). To facilitate systematic analyses, we developed a new context-free measure of gaslighting experience, the Gaslighting Behavior Experience Questionnaire (GBEQ), validated in two cross-sectional studies (N = 222, N = 513), using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Findings indicate that gaslighting is a cross-context phenomenon, occurring most frequently in romantic relationships and possibly persisting for several years. The GBEQ further enabled examination of a broad range of psychological consequences (e.g., reduced well-being and self-esteem, anxiety), underscoring the significance of gaslighting for mental health. Neuroticism/Negative Emotionality and Fear (e.g., of rejection, failure, loss of control/emotional contact) consistently emerged as risk factors, whereas self-esteem served as a protective factor. Group comparisons also showed that women report gaslighting experiences more often than men. Overall, these findings highlight that personality plays an important role and should be considered when providing information for public institutions and developing interventions for those affected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 113623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The predictive roles of Dark Triad, Big Five personality traits, loneliness, and attachment to caregivers in social media addiction: A cross-national study in Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan 黑暗人格特质、大五人格特质、孤独感和对照顾者的依恋在社交媒体成瘾中的预测作用：一项在塔吉克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦的跨国研究

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113598

Emrah Özsoy , Mark D. Griffiths , Ömer Alperen Onay , Gülay Tinmaz Karaçay , Sümeyya Koç , Sümeyye Erol , Aaron Cohen , Kadir Ardiç

{"title":"The predictive roles of Dark Triad, Big Five personality traits, loneliness, and attachment to caregivers in social media addiction: A cross-national study in Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan","authors":"Emrah Özsoy , Mark D. Griffiths , Ömer Alperen Onay , Gülay Tinmaz Karaçay , Sümeyya Koç , Sümeyye Erol , Aaron Cohen , Kadir Ardiç","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social media addiction (SMA) is a form of behavioral addiction that can impact individuals' social, mental, and physical well-being. Although many studies have examined the effects of SMA, its individual antecedents have been relatively underexplored from a cross-national perspective. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the predictors of SMA, including the Dark Triad, Big Five personality traits, loneliness, and attachment styles stemming from early experiences with caregivers (anxious and avoidant attachment). The sample comprised 604 university students (369 from Türkiye and 235 from Kyrgyzstan). Data were collected through standardized self-report scales, and descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, group comparisons, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that conscientiousness was the strongest negative predictor of social media addiction (SMA) in both samples. Additionally, neuroticism positively predicted SMA in both countries. Anxious attachment emerged as a significant positive predictor in the Turkish sample, whereas loneliness, extraversion, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy were significant predictors of SMA in the Kyrgyz sample. Females reported higher levels of SMA among both samples. Although the antecedents of SMA appear to vary across cultural contexts, specific personality traits (i.e., low conscientiousness and high neuroticism), consistently emerged as stronger risk factors across both samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 113598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0