Developmental Psychology最新文献_第5页

How he saw: Jerome Kagan's contexts of discovery. 他是如何看到的杰罗姆-卡根的发现背景。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001702

Olivia H Pollak

引用次数: 0

Response bias is genetically biased: Another argument for Kagan's philippic against questionnaires in developmental psychology. 反应偏见是遗传偏见：卡根的菲利浦派反对发展心理学中的问卷调查的另一个论点。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001614

Jana Runze, Marinus H van IJzendoorn

{"title":"Response bias is genetically biased: Another argument for Kagan's philippic against questionnaires in developmental psychology.","authors":"Jana Runze, Marinus H van IJzendoorn","doi":"10.1037/dev0001614","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001614","url":null,"abstract":"One of the concerns of Jerome Kagan (2007) in his article \"A Trio of Concerns\" was the frequent use of questionnaires in developmental psychology and related disciplines. His main reasons were the minimal overlap between (self-)reported and observed phenotypes, the ambiguity of items, and systematic socioeconomic status (SES) disparities in responding. We wondered whether genetic differences would also influence response bias in cases of ambiguous or even absurd items triggering an acquiescence bias to agree with even impossible question content. We examined the genetic predisposition for the acquiescence response bias in 257 families with twins. Both parents and twins completed a modified Wildman Symptoms Questionnaire and provided salivary DNA samples. From published genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we derived polygenic score (PGS) algorithms for indicators of SES (educational attainment [EA] and income) and for general intelligence (IQ), which were applied to the GWAS results of our participants' DNA. The twins (N = 514 children, 55% monozygotic pairs) were on average 7.92 years old (SD = 0.66), and 51.6% were female. The primary parents were on average 40.48 years old (SD = 4.66), and 91% were female. In 90% of the families, both parents were born in the Netherlands and 91% were from a middle or higher socioeconomic background. Higher PGSs for EA and income but not for IQ predicted less acquiescence response bias in parents and children. In addition to Kagan's reasons for his concerns about questionnaires, we found a genetic predisposition to response bias triggered by the ambiguous form of questions and answers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2008-2015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Schema formation and stimulus-schema discrepancy: A basic unit and its properties. 图式形成与刺激图式差异：一个基本单元及其性质。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001643

Philip R Zelazo

{"title":"Schema formation and stimulus-schema discrepancy: A basic unit and its properties.","authors":"Philip R Zelazo","doi":"10.1037/dev0001643","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001643","url":null,"abstract":"Research with 2-day-old neonates shows that they create mental representations-schemata-for their experiences and that this cognitive ability is hardwired and functional at birth. This research and studies with older infants indicate that both the formation and the expansion of schemata occur through moderate discrepancies, a concept that Jerome Kagan promoted conceptually and through his research. Discrepancy, as distinct from novelty, is insufficiently acknowledged in the literature on schema theory. The schema is both cognitive and affective and develops in unison in a curvilinear pattern with a gradual onset and exponential expansion. Optimal attentiveness and positive affect occur at the peak of formation and to moderate discrepancies. Redundancy beyond the optimal level produces decreasing interest and positive affect and increasing negative affect resulting in boredom and avoidance. These characteristics of schema development are difficult to study with older children and adults. Rumelhart (1980) regarded the schema as the \"building block of cognition\" and Kagan (2002) called its expansion through moderate discrepancies an \"engine of change\" implying widespread application for cognition and behavior throughout life. Kagan urged the search for structure (form) as opposed to function in cognition, and the curvilinear pattern of schema development and its characteristics, it is argued, is the structure he sought. Implications and select applications of schema development and expansion are presented. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1978-1991"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioral inhibition and social maladjustment: The moderation role of social behaviors during cooperative and competitive peer interactions. 行为抑制与社会适应不良：同伴合作与竞争互动过程中社会行为的调节作用。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001701

Shuyi Zhai, Ying Liang, Shuiyun Du, Jie He

{"title":"Behavioral inhibition and social maladjustment: The moderation role of social behaviors during cooperative and competitive peer interactions.","authors":"Shuyi Zhai, Ying Liang, Shuiyun Du, Jie He","doi":"10.1037/dev0001701","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001701","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperamental characterized in early childhood by intense wariness and negative affect toward novelty, and is linked to children's emotional symptoms and peer problems. How children behave or respond toward diverse social contexts can influence the relation between BI and social adjustment. This study investigated the effect of children's affiliative and antagonistic behavior in cooperative and competitive contexts on the relation between early BI and social adjustment using a longitudinal design. Children's BI (at age 2) was assessed via laboratory observations. Affiliative and antagonistic behaviors (at age 4) were coded during a dyadic truck game in the cooperative and competitive contexts. Children's emotional symptoms and peer problems (at age 4) were assessed using parental reports. These results suggest that high affiliative behavior in the cooperative context was linked to a reduced level of peer problems in inhibited children. Interestingly, highly antagonistic behavior in the competitive context was linked to a reduced level of emotional symptoms in inhibited children. These findings extend our understanding of the role social behavior plays in the social adjustment of behaviorally inhibited children by highlighting the contribution of socially appropriate behaviors in social contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2116-2126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139997926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal contingent responsiveness moderates temperamental risk to support adaptive infant brain and socioemotional development across the first year of life. 母亲的应急反应能力可调节脾气风险，从而支持婴儿在出生后第一年的大脑和社会情感适应性发展。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001764

Tahl I Frenkel, Lindsay C Bowman, Sofie Rousseau, Serena Mon

{"title":"Maternal contingent responsiveness moderates temperamental risk to support adaptive infant brain and socioemotional development across the first year of life.","authors":"Tahl I Frenkel, Lindsay C Bowman, Sofie Rousseau, Serena Mon","doi":"10.1037/dev0001764","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001764","url":null,"abstract":"In the first few months of life, infants display intriguing individual differences in how they react to novel stimuli in their environment. Infant \"negative reactive\" tendencies have been robustly linked to resting brain activity profiles that confer risk for maladaptive socioemotional outcomes. The present study examines whether and how caregiver behavior in early infancy may interact with infant negative reactivity to alter the extent to which such tendencies predict risk-related brain activity profiles. In the present study, 51 mothers (all White; age M = 32 years, SD = 3; 70.8% monthly household income > 3,400 U.S. dollars) and their infants (39.2% female at birth) participated. We measured infant negative reactivity and maternal contingent responsiveness to infant's gaze during mother-infant interactions at age 4 months. At 10-11 months, we assessed infants' resting electroencephalographic (EEG) 6-9 Hz frontal asymmetry (a marker of risk for maladaptive regulatory behaviors and withdrawal), infant fearful withdrawal, and infant empathic behavior. We found that maternal contingent responsiveness to 4-month-old infant's gaze in naturalistic interactions moderated the relation between 4-month infant negative reactivity and 11-month resting EEG asymmetry. Results suggest that maternal contingent responsiveness alters the extent to which early reactive tendencies end up \"embedded\" in infant brain activity profiles. Exploratory analyses revealed that the interaction between maternal contingent responsiveness and infant reactivity predicting infant resting EEG asymmetry, in turn predicted infants' fearful withdrawal and empathic behaviors also assessed at 10-11 months. Findings demonstrate the critical buffering role of maternal contingent responsive behaviors in reducing potential maladaptive neural and socioemotional outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2157-2177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reexamining developmental continuity and discontinuity in the 21st century: Better aligning behaviors, functions, and mechanisms. 重新审视21世纪发展的连续性和不连续性：更好地协调行为、功能和机制。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001657

Isaac T Petersen

{"title":"Reexamining developmental continuity and discontinuity in the 21st century: Better aligning behaviors, functions, and mechanisms.","authors":"Isaac T Petersen","doi":"10.1037/dev0001657","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001657","url":null,"abstract":"Developmental science aims to explain development across the lifespan. Jerome Kagan observed that the same behavior can occur for different reasons, and differing behaviors can occur for the same reason. To help account for persistence, desistence, and transformation of behavior across development, Kagan introduced various types of continuity and discontinuity of forms and functions of behavior. This framework provides opportunities for identifying explanatory mechanisms in behavior development. However, misconceptions remain in applying the concepts that Kagan introduced. Much of the literature assumes developmental continuity in constructs without examining whether assumptions are supported, leading to faulty developmental inferences. For instance, the use of the same measure across time to assess development assumes that the behavior occurs for the same reason across time (homotypic continuity). In addition, just because one behavior predicts a different behavior at a later time does not necessarily indicate that age-differing behaviors occur for the same reason (heterotypic continuity). This review aims to advance conceptualizations of continuity and discontinuity from a contemporary perspective with aims to improve mechanistic understanding of behavior development across the lifespan. To better align behaviors, functions, and mechanisms, research should (a) examine (dis)continuity of individual behaviors rather than merely syndromes, (b) identify the function(s) of the given behavior(s), and (c) identify the cognitive and biological processes that underlie the behavior-function pairs. Incorporating examples from research on development of humans and nonhuman animals, I discuss challenges from work that has followed Kagan's ideas and ways to advance understanding of continuity and discontinuity across development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1992-2007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11026300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49683731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The structure, development, and etiology of observed temperament during middle childhood. 中童年期观察到的气质的结构、发展和病因。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001818

Lior Abramson, Roni Pener-Tessler, Dvir Kleper, Kimberly J Saudino, Jeffrey R Gagne, Matityahu Angel, Ariel Knafo-Noam

{"title":"The structure, development, and etiology of observed temperament during middle childhood.","authors":"Lior Abramson, Roni Pener-Tessler, Dvir Kleper, Kimberly J Saudino, Jeffrey R Gagne, Matityahu Angel, Ariel Knafo-Noam","doi":"10.1037/dev0001818","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001818","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating the structure and etiology of temperament is key to understanding how children interact with the world (Kagan, 1994). Although these topics have yielded an abundance of research, fewer studies have employed observational data during middle childhood, when unique environmental challenges could influence temperament development. To address this gap, Israeli twin children were observed at Age 6.5 (N = 1,083, 564 families; 50.6% females) and again at Age 8-9 (N = 768, 388 families; 52.0% females; 611 children from 322 families had data from both ages). Temperament was assessed globally by trained coders and, at Age 8-9, also by the experimenter who interacted with the child. We examined whether Rothbart et al.'s (2000) three-factor model, according to which temperament includes the domains negative affect, positive affect/surgency, and effortful control, emerges from the data. In addition, we considered a bifactor model, where a fourth global factor accounts for all behaviors' commonality. Across the two ages and rating methods, confirmatory factor analyses supported the bifactor model. The global factor's loadings suggested that it reflects children's expressiveness. Adding this factor changed the associations between the other factors and enabled differentiation between surgency and positive affect. This suggests that in observational settings that capture temperament impressions holistically, children's expressiveness affects other traits' behavioral displays. Twin models revealed genetic influences for most traits. Importantly, twin models revealed shared-environmental influences for negative affect and expressiveness, which modestly contributed to temperament consistency across ages. These findings shed light on temperament traits' interrelatedness and stress the importance of the shared environment to temperament development during middle childhood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2084-2100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations among temperament characteristics and telomere length and attrition rate in early childhood. 儿童早期气质特征与端粒长度和损耗率的关系。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001635

Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Immaculata De Vivo, Carter R Petty, Natalie Cayon, Charles A Nelson

{"title":"Associations among temperament characteristics and telomere length and attrition rate in early childhood.","authors":"Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Immaculata De Vivo, Carter R Petty, Natalie Cayon, Charles A Nelson","doi":"10.1037/dev0001635","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001635","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing interest in telomere length as an indicator of current and future health. Although early childhood is a period of rapid telomere attrition, little is known about the factors that influence telomere biology during this time. Adult research suggests that telomere length is influenced by psychological characteristics. This study's goal was to test associations among repeated measures of temperament and telomere length in a community sample of children (N = 602; 52% male, 73% non-Hispanic White, middle-to-high socioeconomic status) from infancy to age 3 years. Relative telomere length was assessed from DNA in saliva samples collected at infancy (M = 8.4 months), 2 years (M = 24.9 months), and 3 years (M = 37.8 months). Temperament was assessed via maternal report questionnaires administered at infancy (Infant Behavior Report Questionnaire-Revised) and ages 2 and 3 years (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire). Temperament was operationalized in two ways: using the established domains of negative affectivity, surgency/extraversion, and regulation/effortful control and using person-centered scores that identified three groups of children with similar profiles across domains (emotionally and behaviorally regulated; emotionally and behaviorally dysregulated; introverted and overcontrolled). Analyses revealed that greater regulation/effortful control was associated with longer telomere length across time points. Additionally, higher surgency/extraversion, beginning in infancy, was associated with decreased rate of telomere attrition. There were no sex differences in the relations between temperament and telomere measures. These findings suggest that, as early as infancy, temperament may influence telomere biology, with a potential protective effect of positive temperament characteristics on telomere erosion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2220-2232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10972779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41158447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological basis of temperament: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and inhibitory control across childhood. 气质的生物学基础：儿童时期的呼吸窦性心律失常和抑制控制。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001726

H Melis Yavuz, Emma Galarneau, Ruth Speidel, Tyler Colasante, Tina Malti

{"title":"Biological basis of temperament: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and inhibitory control across childhood.","authors":"H Melis Yavuz, Emma Galarneau, Ruth Speidel, Tyler Colasante, Tina Malti","doi":"10.1037/dev0001726","DOIUrl":"10.1037/dev0001726","url":null,"abstract":"Temperamental inhibitory control is a foundational capacity for children's social, emotional, and behavioral development. Even though temperament is suggested to have a biological basis, the physiological indicators of inhibitory control remain unclear amid mixed empirical results. In this study, we leveraged a multicohort longitudinal design to examine resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as a physiological correlate of inhibitory control across the early and middle childhood years. Data were collected annually across four time points from cohorts of 4- (n = 150, Mage = 4.53; SD = 0.30; 49.7% female) and 8- (n = 150; Mage = 8.53; SD = 0.29; 49.7% female) year-old children and their caregivers. There were weak, albeit significant, associations between resting RSA and caregiver-reported inhibitory control in middle childhood but not in early childhood. A stronger association was found for older children when latent trait assessments of RSA and inhibitory control were derived from commonalities across the four annual assessments. We conclude that using repeated measures to extract latent trait scores increases power to detect potential physiological indicators of temperament. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2189-2199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effortful control is associated with ethnic minority children's pro-wealth biases and explanations across social domains. 努力控制与少数民族儿童的亲富偏差和跨社会领域的解释有关。

IF 3.1 2区心理学

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001853

Michelle M Wang, Tracy R Gleason, Stephen H Chen

{"title":"Effortful control is associated with ethnic minority children's pro-wealth biases and explanations across social domains.","authors":"Michelle M Wang, Tracy R Gleason, Stephen H Chen","doi":"10.1037/dev0001853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001853","url":null,"abstract":"Children's tendency to prefer rich to poor people and to view wealthy individuals more positively has been well-documented, but little is known about (a) the mechanisms underlying this \"pro-wealth\" bias and (b) the extent to which it holds across various social domains (e.g., friendships vs. school project partners). Using a mixed-methods approach, we examined the development of status-based social preferences in a socioeconomically diverse sample of children from Chinese American immigrant families (N = 169; 7-11 years; MAge = 9.16 years, SD ± 1.05; 87 male, 82 female). We examined the development of these preferences in middle childhood, a period during which aspects of group membership and social stratification are salient, particularly for children of immigrants. Children exhibited preferences for a high-status child over a low-status child across three social domains (friendship, playdate, and school project). Children's open-ended responses explaining their preferences most commonly referenced status-based stereotypes (e.g., \"He's more educated, he might know more about the topic\") and personal loss or gain (e.g., \"I'll get to play with his stuff\"). Children higher in parent-rated effortful control exhibited fewer status-based preferences and were less likely to reference status-based stereotypes and personal loss or gain in their explanations. Together, these findings shed light on the complexity and nuance of children's pro-wealth bias, as well as the underlying forces that drive these social preferences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48464,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0