Cognition最新文献_第3页

Perceived hand size and perceived hand weight 感知手的大小和感知手的重量。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105998

Denise Cadete, Vincenzo P. Marino, Elisa R. Ferrè, Matthew R. Longo

{"title":"Perceived hand size and perceived hand weight","authors":"Denise Cadete, Vincenzo P. Marino, Elisa R. Ferrè, Matthew R. Longo","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dimensions of objects and our body parts influence our perception of the weight of objects in our surroundings. It has been recently described a dramatic underestimation of the perceived weight of the hand. However, little is known on how perceived size informs the perceived weight of our own body parts. Here we investigated the effects of embodying an enlarged and a shrunken hand on perceived hand weight. We manipulated hand size using a visual-tactile illusion with magnifying and minifying mirrors. We then measured perceived hand weight using a psychophysical matching task in which participants estimate if a weight hanged on their wrist feels heavier or lighter than the experienced weight of their hand. Our results indicated that participants tended to underestimate the weight of their hand more when embodying a smaller hand, and less so when embodying a larger hand. That is, the perceived size of the hand plays a role in shaping its perceived weight. Importantly, our results revealed that the perception of the weight of body parts is processed differently from the perception of object weight, demonstrating resistance to the size-weight illusion. We suggest a model based on constant density to elucidate the influence of hand size in determining hand weight.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Curious Choices: Infants' moment-to-moment information sampling is driven by their exploration history 好奇的选择婴儿每时每刻的信息取样都受其探索历史的驱动。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105976

Elena C. Altmann , Marina Bazhydai , Gert Westermann

{"title":"Curious Choices: Infants' moment-to-moment information sampling is driven by their exploration history","authors":"Elena C. Altmann , Marina Bazhydai , Gert Westermann","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infants explore the world around them based on their intrinsically motivated curiosity. However, the cognitive mechanisms underlying such curiosity-driven exploratory behaviour remain largely unknown. Here, infants could freely explore two novel categories, triggering a new exemplar from a category by fixating on either of the two associated areas on a computer screen. This gaze-contingent design enabled us to distinguish between exploration – switching from one category to another – and exploitation – consecutively triggering exemplars from the same category. Data from 10 to 12-month-old infants (<em>N</em> = 68) indicated that moment-to-moment sampling choices were non-random but guided by the infants' exploration history. Self-generated sequences grouped into three clusters of brief yet explorative, longer exploitative, and overall more balanced sampling patterns. Bayesian hierarchical binomial regression models indicated that across sequence patterns, infants' longer trigger time, shorter looking time, and more gaze-shifting were associated with trial-by-trial decisions to disengage from exploiting one category and making an exploratory switch, especially after consecutively viewed stimuli of high similarity. These findings offer novel insights into infants' curiosity-driven exploration and pave the way for future investigations, also regarding individual differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Semantic interference across word classes during lexical selection in Dutch 荷兰语词汇选择过程中的跨词类语义干扰。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105999

Constantijn L. van der Burght , Antje S. Meyer

{"title":"Semantic interference across word classes during lexical selection in Dutch","authors":"Constantijn L. van der Burght , Antje S. Meyer","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When producing a sentence, speakers must rapidly select appropriate words in the correct order. Models of lexical access often assume that this lexical selection process is competitive and that each word is chosen from a set of competing candidates. Therefore, an important theoretical issue is which factors constrain this choice. Speech error evidence suggests that word class plays a decisive role here and that lexical access is, at any point in time, restricted to words that fit the part of the grammatical structure of the sentence that is being constructed. Using a novel version of the picture-word interference paradigm, <span><span>Momma, Buffinton, Slevc, and Phillips (2020, Cognition)</span></span> showed experimentally that word class indeed constrains lexical selection. Specifically, in speakers of American English, action verbs (as in <em>she's singing</em>) competed with semantically related action verbs (as in <em>she's whistling</em>), but not with semantically related action nouns (as in <em>her whistling</em>). Similarly, action nouns only competed with semantically related action nouns, but not with action verbs. As this pattern has important implications for models of lexical access and sentence generation, we conducted a conceptual replication of the study in Dutch. In two experiments, we found a semantic interference effect, but, contrary to the original study, no evidence for a word class constraint. In accounting for these results, we propose that word class constraints on lexical selection are graded rather than categorical, and that, at least for verbs and action nouns, the marking for word class is clearer in English than in Dutch.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recollection and familiarity support auditory working memory in a manner analogous to visual working memory 回忆和熟悉程度支持听觉工作记忆，其方式类似于视觉工作记忆

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105987

Chris Hawkins , Jon Venezia , Edward Jenkins , Sharon Li , Andrew Yonelinas

{"title":"Recollection and familiarity support auditory working memory in a manner analogous to visual working memory","authors":"Chris Hawkins , Jon Venezia , Edward Jenkins , Sharon Li , Andrew Yonelinas","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior work has suggested that visual working memory as measured in change detection tasks can be based on <em>recollection</em>, whereby participants consciously identify a specific feature of a stimulus that has changed, or on <em>familiarity</em>, whereby participants sense that a change has occurred but are unable to consciously access what has changed. Whether recollection and familiarity also contribute to auditory working memory is unclear. The present study aims to address that gap in knowledge by having participants make confidence judgments in change detection tests for speech sounds and pure tones. The results indicated that both recollection and familiarity contribute to auditory working memory across a variety of conditions, and showed that these two processes are functionally dissociable. With speech sounds, subjects were better able to detect syllable changes compared to tone or location changes, and this benefit reflected a selective increase in recollection rather than familiarity. Moreover, for pure tones, both recollection and familiarity also contributed to performance, but recollection was found to be selectively eliminated under stimulus-limited test conditions (i.e., noise-masked, brief dichotic presentations). The results indicate that recollection and familiarity contribute to auditory working memory in a manner that is functionally similar to that observed in visual working memory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Appealing to consequences, or authority? The influence of explanations on children's moral judgments across two cultures 诉诸后果还是权威？解释对两种文化背景下儿童道德判断的影响。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105994

Pearl Han Li , Melissa A. Koenig

{"title":"Appealing to consequences, or authority? The influence of explanations on children's moral judgments across two cultures","authors":"Pearl Han Li , Melissa A. Koenig","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research shows that children's moral judgments can be influenced by testimony, but it remains unclear whether certain types of testimony are more influential than others. Here we examined two specific types of moral testimony - one that appealed to the authority of the speaker and one that appealed to the consequence of the action - and measured how each type of testimony moved children's judgments about harm. Chinese (<em>N</em> = 181; 45.3 % girls; all ethnically Chinese, middle-class) and U.S children (<em>N</em> = 198; 55.6 % girls; predominantly White, middle-class) were presented with countervailing testimony that justified novel, distress-inducing actions as acceptable, either by appealing to the speaker's authority or by reasoning about the positive consequences of the action. Both types of explanations significantly influenced children's moral judgments, leading children from both cultures to judge harm-related actions as more morally permissible. However, with age, children across both cultures became less receptive towards authority-based explanations. Neither type of explanation affected adults' (<em>N</em> = 180, recruited online from across China and the U.S.) moral judgments. Together, these findings provide developmental evidence on the types of explanations that influence children's moral judgments about actions that cause harm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Learning regular cross-trial shifts of the target location in serial search involves awareness – An eye-tracking study 在连续搜索中学习有规律的目标位置跨试转移需要意识 - 一项眼动追踪研究。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105977

Hao Yu , Fredrik Allenmark , Hermann J. Müller , Zhuanghua Shi

{"title":"Learning regular cross-trial shifts of the target location in serial search involves awareness – An eye-tracking study","authors":"Hao Yu , Fredrik Allenmark , Hermann J. Müller , Zhuanghua Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People can learn and use both static and dynamic (cross-trial) regularities in the positioning of <em>target</em> items during parallel, ‘pop-out’ visual search. Static target-location learning also works in serial search, however, acquiring dynamic regularities is hindered by the demands of item-by-item scanning. Also, questions have been raised regarding whether explicit awareness is necessary for using dynamic regularities to optimize performance. The present study re-examined if dynamic regularities can be learned in serial search when regular shifts of the target location occur frequently, and if such learning correlates with awareness of the dynamic rule. We adopted the same regularity used by <span><span>Yu et al. (2023)</span></span> to demonstrate dynamic learning in parallel search: a cross-trial shift of the target location in a (counter-)clockwise direction within a circular array in 80 % of the trials, compared to irregular shifts in the opposite direction (10 %) or some other random direction (10 %). The results showed that about 70 % of participants learned the dynamic regularity, with performance gains correlating with awareness: the more accurately they estimated the likelihood of the target shifting in the frequent direction, the greater their gains. Importantly, part of the gains accrued already early during the search: a large proportion of the very first and short-latency eye movements were directed to the predicted location, regardless of the target appeared there. We discuss whether this rule-driven behavior is causally mediated by conscious control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the matrix: Experimental approaches to studying cognitive agents in social-ecological systems 超越矩阵：研究社会生态系统中认知代理的实验方法。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105993

Uri Hertz , Raphael Köster , Marco A. Janssen , Joel Z. Leibo

{"title":"Beyond the matrix: Experimental approaches to studying cognitive agents in social-ecological systems","authors":"Uri Hertz , Raphael Köster , Marco A. Janssen , Joel Z. Leibo","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social-ecological systems, in which agents interact with each other and their environment are important both for sustainability applications and for under- standing how human cognition functions in context. In such systems, the en- vironment shapes the agents' experience and actions, and in turn collective action of agents changes social and physical aspects of the environment. Here we review current investigation approaches, which rely on a lean design, with discrete actions and outcomes and little scope for varying environmental pa- rameters and cognitive demands. We then introduce multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) approach, which builds on modern artificial intelligence tech- niques, which provides new avenues to model complex social worlds, while pre- serving more of their characteristics, and allowing them to capture a variety of social phenomena. These techniques can be fed back to the laboratory where they make it easier to design experiments in complex social situations without compromising their tractability for computational modeling. We showcase the potential MARL by discussing several recent studies that have used it, detail- ing the way environmental settings and cognitive constraints can lead to the emergence of complex cooperation strategies. This novel approach can help re- searchers bring together insights from human cognition, sustainability, and AI, to tackle real world problems of social-ecological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Body Knows Better: Sensorimotor signals reveal the interplay between implicit and explicit Sense of Agency in the human mind 身体知道更多：感官运动信号揭示了人类头脑中隐性和显性代理意识之间的相互作用。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105992

Asaf Applebaum , Ophir Netzer , Yonatan Stern , Yair Zvilichovsky , Oz Mashiah , Roy Salomon

{"title":"The Body Knows Better: Sensorimotor signals reveal the interplay between implicit and explicit Sense of Agency in the human mind","authors":"Asaf Applebaum , Ophir Netzer , Yonatan Stern , Yair Zvilichovsky , Oz Mashiah , Roy Salomon","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sense of Agency (SoA) is the feeling of control over our actions. SoA has been suggested to arise from both implicit sensorimotor integration as well as higher-level decision processes. SoA is typically measured by collecting participants' subjective judgments, conflating both implicit and explicit processing. Consequently, the interplay between implicit sensorimotor processing and explicit agency judgments is not well understood. Here, we evaluated in one exploratory and one preregistered experiment (<em>N</em> = 60), using a machine learning approach, the relation between a well-known mechanism of implicit sensorimotor adaptation and explicit SoA judgments. Specifically, we examined whether subjective judgments of SoA and sensorimotor conflicts could be inferred from hand kinematics in a sensorimotor task using a virtual hand (VH). In both experiments participants performed a hand movement and viewed a virtual hand making a movement that could either be synchronous with their action or include a parametric temporal delay. After each movement, participants judged whether their actual movement was congruent with the movement they observed. Our results demonstrated that sensorimotor conflicts could be inferred from implicit motor kinematics on a trial by trial basis. Moreover, detection of sensorimotor conflicts from machine learning models of kinematic data provided more accurate classification of sensorimotor congruence than participants' explicit judgments. These results were replicated in a second, preregistered, experiment. These findings show evidence of diverging implicit and explicit processing for SoA and suggest that the brain holds high-quality information on sensorimotor conflicts that is not fully utilized in the inference of conscious agency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48455,"journal":{"name":"Cognition","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of self-referencing memory strategies change over time with acculturation 自我参照记忆策略的使用会随着文化背景的改变而改变。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105985

Ashley N. Gilliam, Angela Gutchess

引用次数: 0

Temporal construal in sentence comprehension depends on linguistically encoded event structure 句子理解中的时间概念取决于语言编码的事件结构。

IF 2.8 1区心理学

Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105975

Elena Marx, Eva Wittenberg

引用次数: 0