因果连贯提高动态事件的情景记忆

IF 2.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Andreas Arslan, Jonathan F. Kominsky
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引用次数: 0

摘要

记忆中的“情节”是由随着时间的推移而展开的动态事件的经验形成的。然而,仅仅因为一系列事件按顺序展开并不意味着它们是相关的。序列可以具有高度的因果一致性,每个事件通过因果关系连接到下一个事件,或者是一系列不相关事件的碎片。因果连贯的事件记忆更好吗?如果连贯性导致更好的回忆,情景记忆的哪些属性特别受到它的影响?过去的研究通过操纵基于语言的叙事刺激的因果结构来研究类似的问题。在本研究中,我们通过三个实验,使用动态视觉刺激显示不熟悉的事件,来测试因果结构对线索记忆任务中情景回忆的影响。实验1发现,三部分因果连贯事件序列的顺序比碎片化事件的顺序更容易被记住。实验2将这一发现扩展到更长的序列,并进一步证明因果结构与刺激的低级特征不相混淆:颠倒连贯刺激的顺序导致任务表现与碎片化刺激的任务表现没有区别。实验3重复了先前实验的改进顺序回忆的结果,并进一步表明连贯刺激的因果相关细节的回忆优于碎片序列的焦点事件细节的回忆。总之,这些发现表明情景记忆系统对事件的因果结构很敏感,并且表明连贯通常会导致更好的回忆。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Causal coherence improves episodic memory of dynamic events
“Episodes” in memory are formed by the experience of dynamic events that unfold over time. However, just because a series of events unfold sequentially does not mean that they are related. Sequences can have a high degree of causal coherence, each event connecting to the next through a cause-and-effect relationship, or be a fragmented series of unrelated occurrences. Are causally coherent events remembered better? And if coherence leads to better recall, which attributes of episodic memories are particularly affected by it? Past work has investigated similar questions by manipulating the causal structure of language-based, narrative stimuli. In this study, across three experiments, we used dynamic visual stimuli showing unfamiliar events to test the effect of causal structure on episodic recall in a cued memory task. Experiment 1 found that the order of three-part causally coherent sequences of events is better remembered than that of fragmented events. Experiment 2 extended this finding to longer sequences and further demonstrated that causal structure is not confounded with low-level characteristics of the stimuli: Reversing the order of coherent stimuli led to task performances indistinguishable from those on fragmented stimuli. Experiment 3 replicated the results of improved order recall from the previous experiments and additionally showed that recall of causally relevant details of coherent stimuli is superior to recall for details of focal events in fragmented sequences. In sum, these findings show that the episodic memory system is sensitive to the causal structure of events and suggest coherence usually leads to better recall.
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来源期刊
Cognition
Cognition PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
283
期刊介绍: Cognition is an international journal that publishes theoretical and experimental papers on the study of the mind. It covers a wide variety of subjects concerning all the different aspects of cognition, ranging from biological and experimental studies to formal analysis. Contributions from the fields of psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, computer science, mathematics, ethology and philosophy are welcome in this journal provided that they have some bearing on the functioning of the mind. In addition, the journal serves as a forum for discussion of social and political aspects of cognitive science.
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