Sex Roles最新文献_第2页

Gender Ideologies and Sexual Agency: A Gendered Analysis of Associations Among Heterosexual and LGBQ+ Men, Women, and Nonbinary Emerging Adults 性别意识形态与性代理：异性恋和LGBQ+男性、女性和非二元性取向新兴成人的性别关联分析

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01670-1

Jennifer F. Chmielewski

{"title":"Gender Ideologies and Sexual Agency: A Gendered Analysis of Associations Among Heterosexual and LGBQ+ Men, Women, and Nonbinary Emerging Adults","authors":"Jennifer F. Chmielewski","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01670-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01670-1","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual agency is recognized as a fundamental dimension of young people’s navigation of both pleasure and protection in their sexual lives. However, sexual agency is difficult to navigate in a social landscape where traditional gender ideologies remain powerful forces in young people’s experiences of sexuality. While prior research has examined how femininity ideologies constrain girls and women and masculinity ideologies constrain boys and men, studies have not investigated how femininity and masculinity may both work to shape sexual agency. Research on these relationships has further left unexplored sexual and gender minority individuals’ experiences. I explore the implications of femininity and masculinity ideologies and their interaction for sexual agency in service of pleasure (asking for what one wants sexually) and protection (saying no to unwanted sex and using contraception), for a sample of heterosexual and LGBQ+ women, men, and nonbinary emerging adults. For women and heterosexual men, masculinity ideology was negatively associated with sexual agency; femininity also played a role in heterosexual women’s agency in service of protection. In contrast, for nonbinary participants, only femininity ideology predicted lower sexual agency outcomes; masculinity and femininity played conflicting roles for LGBQ+ men in the sample. These findings underscore the importance of considering both femininity and masculinity ideologies as well as intersectional identities in understanding the role gender ideologies play in perpetuating inequities in sexual experiences for young people.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148429211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceived Partner Masculine Norm Conformity and Women’s Relationship Satisfaction: The Mediating Roles of Self-Silencing and Relationship Power 感知伴侣男性规范从众与女性关系满意度：自我沉默与关系权力的中介作用

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01669-8

Greta Hacker, Dawn M. Szymanski

引用次数: 0

Prioritizing Work or Family? Investigating Women’s and Men’s Work-Family Decisions 工作和家庭孰先孰后？调查女性和男性的工作与家庭决策

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01663-0

Lianne Aarntzen, Loes Meeussen, Thekla Morgenroth, Michelle K. Ryan

{"title":"Prioritizing Work or Family? Investigating Women’s and Men’s Work-Family Decisions","authors":"Lianne Aarntzen, Loes Meeussen, Thekla Morgenroth, Michelle K. Ryan","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01663-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01663-0","url":null,"abstract":"Despite societal change, women and men still differ in the extent to which they prioritize work and family. Women more often reduce work hours or adjust careers to prioritize family needs, whereas men more often work overtime or decline family responsibilities to advance their careers. This study tested two possible explanations, that women and men differ in (1) how they perceive the costs and benefits of prioritizing work versus family; and (2) how they weigh these costs and benefits when deciding which domain to prioritize. We presented 625 employed participants (309 women, 316 men) with six scenarios involving work-family trade-offs. Analyses confirmed that women were more willing than men to prioritize family over work and less willing to prioritize work over family, even though both women and men were generally more willing to prioritize family. Women’s greater willingness to prioritize family was partially explained by higher perceived family benefits, and men’s greater willingness to prioritize work by lower perceived family costs. Women (compared to men) placed more weight on family benefits and less weight on career costs when considering prioritizing family over work. These findings reveal how gendered perceptions and weighting shape decision-making about work and family, which can inform policies and programs to promote more equitable career and caregiving outcomes.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148409061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring Mankeeping: Development and Validation of a Scale Assessing How Women Experience the Impact of Men's Declining Social Networks 测量男性行为：一个评估女性如何体验男性社交网络衰退影响的量表的开发和验证

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01661-2

Vincent O. Mancini, Briana N. Guerrini, James J. Clarke, Dylan P. Vergara, Zac E. Seidler, Angelica P. Ferrara

{"title":"Measuring Mankeeping: Development and Validation of a Scale Assessing How Women Experience the Impact of Men's Declining Social Networks","authors":"Vincent O. Mancini, Briana N. Guerrini, James J. Clarke, Dylan P. Vergara, Zac E. Seidler, Angelica P. Ferrara","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01661-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01661-2","url":null,"abstract":"Mankeeping was theorized as the unreciprocated labor women take on to compensate for losses in men’s social networks, thereby reducing the burden on families, heterosexual bonds, and men. However, there is currently no validated instrument that can reliably assess this theory. Across two studies, this paper aimed to develop and validate a scale to evaluate women’s experiences of mankeeping . Study 1 describes the scale development process using data derived from 402 heterosexually partnered women residing in the United States. Exploratory factor analysis showed a six-factor solution for a 46-item instrument, titled the Mankeeping Scale – Partner Report (MSPR), which demonstrated good reliability and validity. Study 2 tested the initial factor structure and measurement invariance of the MSPR in a sample of women in the United Kingdom ( N = 395). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed the original six-factor model provides the best model fit. Results provide strong evidence for the configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance of the MSPR across both countries. Based on this invariance, additional analyses were performed on all data ( N = 797) to develop and validate a brief 18-item version of the MSPR, which retained similar psychometric properties to the 46-item scale. The MSPR now equips researchers, clinicians, and policymakers with an instrument that quantifies how women’s mankeeping intersects with losses in men’s social networks and relationship functioning, informing or monitoring future interventions. Further innovation, such as creating a companion scale from men’s perspective, will enhance our understanding of this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148409062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Mile in Her Heels: Do Men and Women Agree on How Often Women Are Sexually Objectified? 跟在她后面一英里：男人和女人对女人被性物化的频率是否一致？

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01674-x

Olivia A. Foster-Gimbel, Renee Engeln

{"title":"A Mile in Her Heels: Do Men and Women Agree on How Often Women Are Sexually Objectified?","authors":"Olivia A. Foster-Gimbel, Renee Engeln","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01674-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01674-x","url":null,"abstract":"Despite extensive research on women’s experiences of sexual objectification, no research has examined whether women and men are aligned in their estimates of how often women have these experiences. Across three studies (one preregistered), we examined discrepancies between how often women reported experiencing sexual objectification and how often men believed women experienced this type of sexual objectification. Participants estimated frequency using a verbally anchored response scale (“<italic>never</italic>” to “<italic>almost always</italic>”) and a numeric count (e.g., times per week). In Studies 1 and 2, men’s estimates of how often women experience sexual objectification were significantly higher than women’s reports. In Studies 2 and 3, women’s estimates for how often the “average young woman” experiences sexual objectification were significantly higher than men’s estimates for overt sexual objectification (e.g., catcalling), but significantly lower than men’s estimates for covert sexual objectification (e.g., leering). An analysis of participants’ explanations for this pattern revealed gendered differences in reasons for this discrepancy. This work points to a disconnect between how men and women perceive women’s experience of sexual objectification in their everyday lives.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148612800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survivor or Victim: Labels and Crime-Type Interact to Influence Perceiver Impressions of Psychological Pain and Hardship 幸存者或受害者：标签和犯罪类型相互作用影响感知者对心理痛苦和困难的印象

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01673-y

Charlie Huntington, Gina Paganini, Paige Lloyd

{"title":"Survivor or Victim: Labels and Crime-Type Interact to Influence Perceiver Impressions of Psychological Pain and Hardship","authors":"Charlie Huntington, Gina Paganini, Paige Lloyd","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01673-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01673-y","url":null,"abstract":"Many women are the targets of sexual violence, and while the psychological distress and physical pain experienced by people who have been sexually assaulted are well-documented, less research has used experimental designs to evaluate factors in how perceivers understand the pain and hardship of women who have experienced sexual assault. Furthermore, the labels commonly used for targets of sexual violence (i.e., “victim” and “survivor”) carry differing connotations that could have important implications for how the pain of women who have been sexually assaulted is perceived. We experimentally assessed the influence of labeling in sexual assault and two other crimes (i.e., mugging and identity theft) on perceptions of psychological pain, hardship, and support needed. Interaction effects of crime type and label were observed for hardship, current psychological pain, and sensitivity to psychological pain, indicating that the effects of labels (survivor, victim, person who experienced) on perception vary by crime type. Sexual assault victims were perceived to have experienced more pain and hardship than several other label and crime combinations. Our results underscore the need for more research to better contextualize how these labels operate in affecting perceptions of pain and hardship, and also suggest that policy makers, activists, healthcare providers, and the targets of sexual violence themselves might consider the implications of label choice for ensuring that women who experience sexual assault receive empathetic care.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fake Content, Harmful Emotions: The Influence of Being a Victim-Survivor of Sexualised Deepfakes on Women’s Aversive Emotions and Desire for Legal Action 虚假内容，有害情绪：作为性化深度虚假的受害者-幸存者对女性厌恶情绪和法律行动欲望的影响

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01677-8

Lee Shepherd, Darja Sopina, Jordan Dawson, Genavee Brown, Jenny Paterson

{"title":"Fake Content, Harmful Emotions: The Influence of Being a Victim-Survivor of Sexualised Deepfakes on Women’s Aversive Emotions and Desire for Legal Action","authors":"Lee Shepherd, Darja Sopina, Jordan Dawson, Genavee Brown, Jenny Paterson","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01677-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01677-8","url":null,"abstract":"Sexualised deepfakes involve using artificial intelligence to create fake sexually explicit material of an individual. Across three experimental studies, we tested the psychological impact of sexualised deepfakes on women. Studies 1 (<italic>N </italic>= 65) and 2 (<italic>N </italic>= 60) asked participants to rate their feelings of objectification and emotions towards being the victim-survivor of sexualised deepfakes, revenge pornography or a non-sexual control condition. In both studies, feelings of objectification and the emotions were higher in the sexualised deepfake and revenge pornography conditions than the control condition. No reliable significant differences in objectification and emotions between the sexualised deepfake and revenge pornography conditions were found. In Study 3 (<italic>N </italic>= 626), women were randomly allocated to imagine themselves being the victim-survivor of a non-sexualised deepfake video (control condition), a non-nude deepfake video of them describing a sexual experience (non-nude sexual condition) or a nude deepfake video (nude sexual condition). The negative emotions were greater in the nude and non-nude conditions than the control condition. Disgust and anxiety/fear were also higher in the nude than non-nude condition. Moreover, we found evidence that women had greater feelings of anger and disgust for sexual than non-sexual deepfakes, thereby making them more willing to report the deepfake to the police. These studies demonstrate both the harmful emotional consequences of sexualised deepfakes and the role of these emotions in motivating action. As such, this research has important implications for protecting and supporting women victim-survivors of sexualised deepfakes.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148612802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intergenerational Links Between Parents’ and Children’s Hostile and Benevolent Sexism 父母与子女敌意与善意性别歧视的代际联系

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01668-9

Oksana S. Voznyuk, Nickola C. Overall, Matthew D. Hammond, Rachel S. T. Low, Annette M. E. Henderson, Valerie T. Chang, Myfanwy Christensen

{"title":"Intergenerational Links Between Parents’ and Children’s Hostile and Benevolent Sexism","authors":"Oksana S. Voznyuk, Nickola C. Overall, Matthew D. Hammond, Rachel S. T. Low, Annette M. E. Henderson, Valerie T. Chang, Myfanwy Christensen","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01668-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01668-9","url":null,"abstract":"Research has confirmed that adults’ hostile sexism and benevolent sexism harm adult women and men. Yet, men’s and women’s sexist attitudes also shape parenting behavior, and children agree with hostile and benevolent sexism at a young age. Our research connects these emerging insights to test the intergenerational links between parents’ and children’s sexism in 175 family triads: mothers, fathers, and their 8-year-old child (51% girls, 49% boys). Mothers and fathers completed standard measures of hostile and benevolent sexism, and children completed a newly developed task to assess children’s hostile and benevolent gender attitudes. Fathers’ hostile sexism predicted their children’s agreement with hostile gender attitudes, and mothers’ benevolent sexism predicted their children’s benevolent gender attitudes, irrespective of child gender. Additionally, mothers’ hostile sexism predicted their sons’ but not daughters’ hostile gender attitudes. The results remained when including key covariates (e.g., children’s age and theory of mind; parents’ education, employment, and primary caregiver status). These intergenerational links between parents’ and young children’s hostile and benevolent sexism highlight the importance of mothers’ and fathers’ attitudes in the early development of boys’ and girls’ gender attitudes. Policy and education efforts to interrupt gendered prescriptions and outcomes for children must also address intergenerational processes.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Escaping Transgender Stigma: Differentiating Gender Identity Concealment From Assigned Sex Concealment 逃避跨性别者的污名：区分性别认同隐藏与指定性别隐藏

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01657-y

Lily A. Osmetti, Kachina R. Allen, Desirée Kozlowski

{"title":"Escaping Transgender Stigma: Differentiating Gender Identity Concealment From Assigned Sex Concealment","authors":"Lily A. Osmetti, Kachina R. Allen, Desirée Kozlowski","doi":"10.1007/s11199-026-01657-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-026-01657-y","url":null,"abstract":"Many gender minorities conceal their identity to escape structural and social stigma and protect their own mental health, yet their concealment strategies remain poorly understood. We argue that gender identity concealment and assigned sex concealment represent discrete concealment pathways with distinct mechanisms and consequences. A convenience sample of 185 transgender and gender diverse Australian adults completed an online survey exploring gender identity concealment and assigned sex concealment. Scores representing active concealment and disclosure were calculated for each concealment pathway. Score distributions and discriminant validity statistics confirmed that gender identity concealment and assigned sex concealment were neither interchangeable nor mutually exclusive. gender identity concealment was associated with decreased social support and assigned sex concealment with increased discrimination. Only gender identity concealment was related to depression—participants who did not attempt to conceal their gender identity at all were significantly less depressed than those who did. Assigned sex concealment was not associated with psychological well-being and was thus preferable as an alternative coping mechanism. Gender identity concealment and assigned sex concealment did not share a correlation on any of the tested variables, suggesting that they produce dissimilar psychological outcomes and that results published in studies conflating the two have been skewed. In the long term, eliminating social stigma against gender minorities may disincentivise gender identity concealment and combat mental health disparities in the trans community. Meanwhile, barriers to assigned sex concealment (e.g., unequal access to gender-affirming healthcare interventions) must be addressed.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148552787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The “Perfect” Target: Investigating How Target Expectations Shape Perceptions of Gender Harassment “完美”目标：调查目标期望如何塑造对性别骚扰的看法

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-026-01679-6

Charlotte Keenan, Barbara Masser, Annabelle Neall, Fiona Kate Barlow

引用次数: 0