Cognition & Emotion最新文献

The dual-feature approach-avoidance task: validity, training efficacy, and the role of contingency awareness in changing food preference. 双特征接近-回避任务：有效性、训练效果以及应急意识在改变食物偏好中的作用。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2418445

Sercan Kahveci, Hannah van Alebeek, Jens Blechert

{"title":"The dual-feature approach-avoidance task: validity, training efficacy, and the role of contingency awareness in changing food preference.","authors":"Sercan Kahveci, Hannah van Alebeek, Jens Blechert","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2418445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2024.2418445","url":null,"abstract":"The approach-avoidance task (AAT) probes tendencies contributing to unwanted behaviours, like excessive snacking, by measuring RT differences between approach and avoidance responses to different stimuli. It retrains such tendencies using repeated avoidance of appetitive stimuli and approach of healthy alternatives. The most common paradigm, the irrelevant-feature AAT, conceals these stimulus-response contingencies by requiring approach or avoidance based on features irrelevant to the tendencies (e.g. frame colour). Unfortunately, it is an unreliable measure and not always successful as a training, likely because the stimuli can be ignored. In the novel dual-feature AAT, the combination of stimulus and irrelevant feature determines responses: participants approach foods and avoid objects surrounded by frame A, and vice versa given frame B. We trained 219 online participants to approach fruit and avoid chocolate using active (7:1 stimulus-to-frame contingency) and sham (1:1 stimulus-to-frame contingency) versions of these two trainings. Compared to sham, active irrelevant-feature training was associated with more selection and desire to eat fruit, and active dual-feature training increased approach bias for fruit. Participants' perceived rate of approaching fruit versus chocolate correlated with many outcome measures, suggesting contingency awareness plays a major role in AAT training effectiveness, challenging implicit accounts. While the dual-feature paradigm shows potential, its high error rates, RTs, and difficulty mandate improvement.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotional stimuli boost incidental learning through predictive processing. 情绪刺激通过预测处理促进附带学习。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2418444

Meital Friedman-Oskar, Tomer Sahar, Tal Makovski, Hadas Okon-Singer

{"title":"Emotional stimuli boost incidental learning through predictive processing.","authors":"Meital Friedman-Oskar, Tomer Sahar, Tal Makovski, Hadas Okon-Singer","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2418444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2024.2418444","url":null,"abstract":"Extracting regularities and probabilities from the environment is a fundamental and critical ability in an ever-changing surrounding. Previous findings showed that people are highly efficient in learning these regularities and that emotional stimuli are better learned than neutral ones. Yet, the generality and the underlying mechanism of this benefit are poorly understood. Here, participants viewed a stream of images with negative and neutral valence. Unbeknownst, the items recurred in regularity as triplets. Then, to assess learning, a surprised familiarity test was conducted. The results of Experiment 1, using two sets of stimuli, found better statistical learning for negative triplets than for neutral triplets. Experiment 2 revealed similar benefits even when only a single negative item was in the triplet at the second or third position, suggesting the advantage is not cumulative. We speculated that the predictability of the negative items is driving the effect. Consequently, Experiment 3 confirmed that the memory for neutral items preceding negative items was better than for neutral items preceding neutral items. Together, these findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of how the learning of incidental temporal associations is influenced by negative stimuli and the role of predictability in the negative valence benefit.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bouncing back from emotional ups and downs: insights in emotional recovery using survival analyses of burst ESM data. 从情绪起伏中反弹：利用突发 ESM 数据生存分析法了解情绪恢复情况。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2423706

Marieke J Schreuder, Sigert Ariens, Ginette Lafit, Eva Ceulemans

{"title":"Bouncing back from emotional ups and downs: insights in emotional recovery using survival analyses of burst ESM data.","authors":"Marieke J Schreuder, Sigert Ariens, Ginette Lafit, Eva Ceulemans","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2423706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2024.2423706","url":null,"abstract":"Many experience sampling (ESM) studies suggested that high resilience is reflected by quickly recovering one's emotional baseline. However, former studies relied on coarse data and did not look into differential recovery from emotional ups and downs. This preregistered proof-of-concept study therefore used high-resolution data collected in 2022 to compute emotional recovery after high levels of positive versus negative emotions. Adults (N = 68) participated in a three-week ESM study with eight assessments per day, complemented by short-spaced burst assessments. Resilience was assessed at baseline (trait-level; TR) and daily (day-level; DR). Multilevel survival analyses showed that high DR predicted faster returns from negative emotions, but also delayed returns following positive emotions (exp(β) = 1.32, p = 0.006). Instead, TR did not relate to emotional recovery (exp(β) = 0.85, p = 0.067). These findings were generally robust across different sensitivity analyses. This illustrates how innovative ESM designs combined with time-to-event analyses may further our insight in emotional recovery and the timescale at which it unfolds.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overestimating the intensity of negative feelings in autobiographical memory: evidence from the 9/11 attack and COVID-19 pandemic. 高估自传体记忆中负面情绪的强度：来自 9/11 袭击和 COVID-19 大流行的证据。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2346757

Juan Castillo, Haoxue Fan, Olivia T Karaman, Jocelyn Shu, Yoann Stussi, M Alexandra Kredlow, Sophia Vranos, Javiera P Oyarzún, Hayley M Dorfman, Deshawn Chatman Sambrano, Robert Meksin, William Hirst, Elizabeth A Phelps

{"title":"Overestimating the intensity of negative feelings in autobiographical memory: evidence from the 9/11 attack and COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Juan Castillo, Haoxue Fan, Olivia T Karaman, Jocelyn Shu, Yoann Stussi, M Alexandra Kredlow, Sophia Vranos, Javiera P Oyarzún, Hayley M Dorfman, Deshawn Chatman Sambrano, Robert Meksin, William Hirst, Elizabeth A Phelps","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2346757","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2346757","url":null,"abstract":"When recalling autobiographical events, people not only retrieve event details but also the feelings they experienced. The current study examined whether people are able to consistently recall the intensity of past feelings associated with two consequential and negatively valenced events, i.e. the 9/11 attack (N = 769) and the COVID-19 pandemic (N = 726). By comparing experienced and recalled intensities of negative feelings, we discovered that people systematically recall a higher intensity of negative feelings than initially reported - overestimating the intensity of past negative emotional experiences. The COVID-19 dataset also revealed that individuals who experienced greater improvement in emotional well-being displayed smaller biases in recalling their feelings. Across both datasets, the intensity of remembered feelings was correlated with initial feelings and current feelings, but the impact of the current feelings was stronger in the COVID-19 dataset than in the 9/11 dataset. Our results demonstrate that when recalling negative autobiographical events, people tend to overestimate the intensity of prior negative emotional experiences with their degree of bias influenced by current feelings and well-being.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11502283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probability, cost, and interpretation biases' relationships with depressive and anxious symptom severity: differential mediation by worry and repetitive negative thinking. 概率、成本和解释偏差与抑郁和焦虑症状严重程度的关系：担心和重复负面思维的不同中介作用。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2348031

Robert W Booth, Bundy Mackintosh, Servet Hasşerbetçi

{"title":"Probability, cost, and interpretation biases' relationships with depressive and anxious symptom severity: differential mediation by worry and repetitive negative thinking.","authors":"Robert W Booth, Bundy Mackintosh, Servet Hasşerbetçi","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2348031","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2348031","url":null,"abstract":"People high in depressive or anxious symptom severity show repetitive negative thinking, including worry and rumination. They also show various cognitive phenomena, including probability, cost, and interpretation biases. Since there is conceptual overlap between these cognitive biases and repetitive negative thinking - all involve thinking about potential threats and misfortunes - we wondered whether repetitive negative thinking could account for (mediate) these cognitive biases' associations with depressive and anxious symptom severity. In three studies, conducted in two languages and cultures, cost bias and (in two studies) interpretation bias only predicted symptom severity via worry and repetitive negative thinking; this suggests these biases are actually associated with repetitive negative thinking, rather than with symptoms. In contrast, probability bias showed direct relationships with depressive (all studies) and anxious (two studies) symptom severity, suggesting its relationships with symptoms are partly independent of repetitive negative thinking. These results show the value of studying relationships among the various cognitive features of psychopathology. Furthermore, new interventions which target cognitive biases in depression or anxiety must show that they can improve upon cognitive behavioural therapy, which is already widely available, targets both repetitive negative thinking and probability bias, and is highly effective.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time in suspense: investigating boredom and related states in a virtual waiting room. 悬念中的时间：研究虚拟候车室中的无聊及相关状态。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2349279

Corinna S Martarelli, David Weibel, Deian Popic, Wanja Wolff

{"title":"Time in suspense: investigating boredom and related states in a virtual waiting room.","authors":"Corinna S Martarelli, David Weibel, Deian Popic, Wanja Wolff","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2349279","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2349279","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the role of time in the experience of boredom and its relationship with various psychological states using virtual reality. Sixty-six participants visited nine virtual waiting rooms and evaluated their perception of time and psychological experiences, including boredom, exhaustion, restlessness, amotivation, frustration, anger, unhappiness, spontaneous and deliberate mind-wandering, fantasy, and absorption. Results confirmed the relationship between boredom and time perception, showing that the higher the levels of boredom, the slower time seems to pass. However, manipulating time-related information via a slower/faster ticking clock did not affect boredom. We also found that boredom increased as participants progressed through the nine virtual rooms, and its affective characterisation over time remained stable, while its cognitive characterisation fluctuated. While boredom was consistently associated with exhaustion, restlessness, amotivation, and frustration, its relationship with fantasy, absorption, spontaneous mind-wandering and deliberate mind-wandering, evolved over time. These findings provide novel insights into the intricate and differentiated cognitive and affective consequences of being bored.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rumination, but not mood, predicts prospective memory performance: novel insights from a derived measure of trait rumination. 反刍（而非情绪）可预测前瞻性记忆表现：从特质反刍的衍生测量中获得的新见解。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2337138

Iulia Niculescu, Lance M Rappaport, Kristoffer Romero

引用次数: 0

Sustaining attention in affective contexts during adolescence: age-related differences and association with elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety. 青春期在情感情境中的持续注意力：与年龄相关的差异以及与抑郁和焦虑症状升高的关联。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2348730

D L Dunning, J Parker, K Griffiths, M Bennett, A Archer-Boyd, A Bevan, S Ahmed, C Griffin, L Foulkes, J Leung, A Sakhardande, T Manly, W Kuyken, J M G Williams, S-J Blakemore, T Dalgleish

{"title":"Sustaining attention in affective contexts during adolescence: age-related differences and association with elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety.","authors":"D L Dunning, J Parker, K Griffiths, M Bennett, A Archer-Boyd, A Bevan, S Ahmed, C Griffin, L Foulkes, J Leung, A Sakhardande, T Manly, W Kuyken, J M G Williams, S-J Blakemore, T Dalgleish","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2348730","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2348730","url":null,"abstract":"Sustained attention, a key cognitive skill that improves during childhood and adolescence, tends to be worse in some emotional and behavioural disorders. Sustained attention is typically studied in non-affective task contexts; here, we used a novel task to index performance in affective versus neutral contexts across adolescence (N = 465; ages 11-18). We asked whether: (i) performance would be worse in negative versus neutral task contexts; (ii) performance would improve with age; (iii) affective interference would be greater in younger adolescents; (iv) adolescents at risk for depression and higher in anxiety would show overall worse performance; and (v) would show differential performance in negative contexts. Results indicated that participants performed more poorly in negative contexts and showed age-related performance improvements. Those at risk of depression performed more poorly than those at lower risk. However, there was no difference between groups as a result of affective context. For anxiety there was no difference in performance as a function of severity. However, those with higher anxiety showed less variance in their reaction times to negative stimuli than those with lower anxiety. One interpretation is that moderate levels of emotional arousal associated with anxiety make individuals less susceptible to the distracting effects of negative stimuli.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotional aftermath of the 2020 U.S. presidential election: a study of hindsight bias in younger and older adults. 2020 年美国总统大选的情感后遗症：对年轻人和老年人后见之明偏见的研究。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2421400

Mane Kara-Yakoubian, Julia Spaniol

{"title":"Emotional aftermath of the 2020 U.S. presidential election: a study of hindsight bias in younger and older adults.","authors":"Mane Kara-Yakoubian, Julia Spaniol","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2421400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2024.2421400","url":null,"abstract":"Hindsight bias - also known as the knew-it-all-along effect - is a ubiquitous judgment error affecting decision makers. Hindsight bias has been shown to vary across age groups and as a function of contextual factors, such as the decision maker's emotional state. Despite theoretical reasons why emotions might have a stronger impact on hindsight bias in older than in younger adults, age differences in hindsight bias for emotional events remain relatively underexplored. We examined emotion and hindsight bias in younger and older adults (N = 272) against the backdrop of the 2020 U.S. presidential election. Participants predicted electoral college votes for the two presidential candidates before the election and were asked to remember their predictions approximately three weeks later, after the election results had been finalised. Republicans, for whom the electoral outcome was negatively tinged, exhibited greater hindsight bias for President Biden's result compared with Democrats, for whom the electoral outcome was positive. The asymmetry in hindsight bias between Republicans and Democrats was similar for younger and older participants. This study suggests that negative emotions may exacerbate hindsight bias, and that adult age differences in hindsight bias observed in laboratory settings may not translate to real-world contexts.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of congruent emotional context on semantic memory during discourse comprehension. 在话语理解过程中，一致情感语境对语义记忆的影响。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Cognition & Emotion Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2415491

Qian Zhang, Lin Li, Xiaohong Yang, Yufang Yang

{"title":"The effect of congruent emotional context on semantic memory during discourse comprehension.","authors":"Qian Zhang, Lin Li, Xiaohong Yang, Yufang Yang","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2024.2415491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2024.2415491","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effect of emotional context on the semantic memory of subsequent emotional words during discourse comprehension in two eye-tracking experiments. Four-sentence discourses were used as experimental materials. The first three sentences established an emotional or neutral context, while the fourth contained an emotional target word consistent with the preceding emotional context's valence. The discourses were presented twice using the text change paradigm, where the target words were replaced with strongly - or weakly-related words during the second presentation. Thus, four conditions were included in the present study: Emotional-strongly-related, Emotional-weakly-related, Neutral-strongly-related and Neutral-weakly-related. In Experiment 1, negative contexts and negative target words were used, whereas in Experiment 2, positive contexts and positive target words were used. The results revealed a semantic relatedness effect, whereby the strongly-related words have lower change detection accuracy, longer reading times and more fixations in both Experiments 1 and 2. Furthermore, across both experiments, the magnitude of the semantic relatedness effect was greater in the emotionally congruent contexts than in the neutral contexts. These results suggest that emotional context could increase efforts to change the discrimination of subsequent words and demonstrate an important role of emotional context on semantic memory during discourse processing.","PeriodicalId":48412,"journal":{"name":"Cognition & Emotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0