Body ImagePub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101714
Thomas V. Pollet, Jeanne Bovet, Rosie Buhaenko, Piers L. Cornelissen, Martin J. Tovée
{"title":"Sample characteristics for quantitative analyses in Body Image: Issues of generalisability","authors":"Thomas V. Pollet, Jeanne Bovet, Rosie Buhaenko, Piers L. Cornelissen, Martin J. Tovée","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Psychological research frequently encounters criticism regarding the representativeness of the samples under study, highlighting concerns about the external validity of the obtained results. Here, we conducted a comprehensive survey of all the quantitative samples from the journal <em>Body Image</em> for 2021 (<em>n</em> = 149 samples). Our primary objective was to examine the extent to which the sampled populations deviated from the population at large, which could potentially compromise the generalizability of findings. We identified that a substantial number of these samples came from student populations (<em>n</em> = 44) and the majority were from the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Only a small number of samples (<em>n</em> = 9) employed direct measurements of body mass index (BMI), while the majority relied on self-reported data (<em>n</em> = 93). For a subset of samples in the journal, which were drawn from the general population, we compared whether these differed from population reference values in terms of age and BMI. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that samples tended to be younger and score lower on BMI than reference values obtained from the broader population. Samples drawn from female university students also tended to be lower on BMI than age-matched reference samples. We discuss the implications of our findings and make recommendations on sampling and inference. We conclude that a clearer specification of the parameters or conditions under which findings are expected to generalise has the potential to enhance the overall rigor and validity of this field of research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144524000366/pdfft?md5=87b2debb6d1b9915a0629ca311109f15&pid=1-s2.0-S1740144524000366-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140918932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101717
Gemma Sharp , Vanessa Kellermann , Yukti Mehta , Anne Nileshni Fernando , Madeline L. West
{"title":"Exploration of parental consent for adolescent involvement in genital body image education research","authors":"Gemma Sharp , Vanessa Kellermann , Yukti Mehta , Anne Nileshni Fernando , Madeline L. West","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Genital body image is a highly understudied concept but is important for sexual health and broader body image satisfaction. Effective genital body image interventions for adolescents have been developed, however, parental consent can be a barrier to adolescent participation. The aim of this study was to conduct a novel exploration of parental consent for genital body image education research and factors related to this consent. Participants were 125 parents of adolescents in Australia who completed an online questionnaire including measures of demographic characteristics, personality traits and attitudes, and likelihood of consent for an adolescent son and daughter participating in hypothetical genital body image education research. The vast majority of parents indicated that they definitely would consent to their adolescent sons’ and daughters’ involvement in this hypothetical research. There was no significant difference in likelihood of consent based on the gender of the adolescent. Parents having more conservative attitudes towards sex was the only factor tested that reduced the likelihood of providing consent. Overall, our results suggest parents are generally supportive of adolescent involvement in genital body image education research. This concept should be included in broader body image educational programs so adolescents gain exposure to this important but neglected topic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144524000391/pdfft?md5=feded42e904d4c404ad016d9dcbf3768&pid=1-s2.0-S1740144524000391-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101715
Olivia E. Smith, Jennifer S. Mills, Lindsay Samson
{"title":"Out of the loop: Taking a one-week break from social media leads to better self-esteem and body image among young women","authors":"Olivia E. Smith, Jennifer S. Mills, Lindsay Samson","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study experimentally tested the effects of taking a one-week break from social media (SM) on body image and self-esteem among young women. Female undergraduate students (<em>N</em> = 66) were randomly assigned to either take a one-week break from SM or continue their normal use (control condition). State self-esteem and body satisfaction were measured at baseline (Time 1) and one week later (Time 2). As predicted, participants in the break condition reported higher body satisfaction and higher state self-esteem (total, performance, social, and appearance domains) at Time 2 than did those in the control condition, controlling for Time 1 scores. The benefits of taking a break from SM on body satisfaction were especially pronounced for women with higher baseline levels of thin-ideal internalization. The findings demonstrate the short-term benefits of taking a break from SM for one week on self-esteem and body image among young women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144524000378/pdfft?md5=904fa5debe40bc3d4db949b3e93b49bf&pid=1-s2.0-S1740144524000378-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140815963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101713
Laurel B. Watson , Taylor D. Michl , Mirella Flores Randelman , Alexis Rowland , Jacob Germain
{"title":"Embodying loving kindness: Examining self-compassionate writing tasks and body satisfaction among transgender and non-binary people","authors":"Laurel B. Watson , Taylor D. Michl , Mirella Flores Randelman , Alexis Rowland , Jacob Germain","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using an experimental posttest-only control group design, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self-compassionate writing exercises on transgender and non-binary participants’ body satisfaction, gender identity pride, and internalized transphobia. A total of 238 transgender people participated in this study (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 28.27, <em>SD</em> = 8.12). Participants were randomly assigned to a self-compassionate writing task focusing on their gender identity, a self-compassionate writing task focusing on their body image as a transgender person (i.e., gendered body image), and a control condition, which required them to write about a neutral day in their lives. Results demonstrated that those in the gendered body image self-compassionate condition reported higher state-level effects of body satisfaction following the intervention than those in the control condition. No significant effects were observed for condition on state-level gender identity pride or internalized transphobia. Results also demonstrated that non-binary participants reported higher levels of gender identity pride than trans femme participants. Exploratory post-hoc analyses revealed that gender identity pride moderated the effect of condition on body satisfaction. Compared to those in the control condition, participants in the gendered body self-compassionate condition with moderate and high levels of gender identity pride reported higher levels of body satisfaction. Results demonstrate potential beneficial effects of brief self-compassionate writing exercises on transgender peoples’ body satisfaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"#WhatIEatInADay: The effects of viewing food diary TikTok videos on young adults’ body image and intent to diet","authors":"Magdalayna Drivas , Olivia Simone Reed , Maranda Berndt-Goke","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rise of short-form video content has prompted research into its impact on body image; however, little remains known regarding the effects of exposure to food-related content of this type. The present study aimed to fill this gap in the literature by conducting a between-subjects experiment (<em>N</em> = 316) examining the effects of exposure to low-calorie versus high-calorie “What I Eat in A Day” food diary TikTok videos on young adults’ body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and diet intentions. Additionally, this study sought to explore how social comparison and mood might affect participants’ responses to these videos. Results indicate that social comparison mediated the relationship between video type (low- vs high- calorie) and positive mood, such that low-calorie videos increased upward social comparison and decreased positive mood, and high-calorie videos increased downward social comparison and increased positive mood. Positive direct effects of positive mood on body appreciation and diet intentions occurred, and a negative direct effect on body dissatisfaction was found. Additionally, positive mood mediated the path from social comparison to diet intentions. These findings highlight the importance of further research into the nuanced impacts of food diary social media content on young adults’ body image and behaviors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2024-04-13DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101709
Jaclyn A. Siegel , Rebecca R. Mendoza , Juliana M. Tesselaar , Jennifer DeJesus , Connor I. Elbe , Nicolas S. Caravelli , Lynae Troy , Margo Fenton , Brianna Victoria , Justice Herrera , Aaron J. Blashill
{"title":"“I felt so powerful to have this love in me”: A grounded theory analysis of the experiences of people living with and recovering from eating disorders while in diverse romantic relationships","authors":"Jaclyn A. Siegel , Rebecca R. Mendoza , Juliana M. Tesselaar , Jennifer DeJesus , Connor I. Elbe , Nicolas S. Caravelli , Lynae Troy , Margo Fenton , Brianna Victoria , Justice Herrera , Aaron J. Blashill","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Romantic partners have the potential to influence attitudes and behaviors related to body image and disordered eating. However, the role that romantic relationships can play in eating disorder (ED) recovery has not been comprehensively investigated. The present study aimed to explore the ways that people living with and recovering from EDs experience their romantic relationships, with the specific objective of developing a novel theoretical framework, grounded in the experiences of people in diverse romantic relationships, to guide future research on the topic. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 66 people (45 cisgender women, 11 cisgender men, 9 nonbinary people, and 1 transgender man) living with and recovering from EDs while in romantic relationships. Our grounded theory analysis yielded a theoretical model of ED management in romantic relationships, revealing that <em>Individual and Relationship Characteristics</em> intersected with <em>Relationship-Related Stressors</em> and were navigated using <em>Eating Disorder and Relationship Management Strategies</em>. Combined with <em>Partner Support</em> and <em>Tensions,</em> these management strategies were related to <em>Relationship and Mental Health Outcomes</em>, which affected and were affected by <em>Future Concerns.</em> Future researchers should continue to build on, expand, and modify this model and further explore the role of romantic relationships in the experience of people living with EDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144524000317/pdfft?md5=0a0fe2d1b33eaf413898c0d62021001b&pid=1-s2.0-S1740144524000317-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140551167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does a nature walk improve state body appreciation in children?","authors":"Kamila Czepczor-Bernat , Justyna Modrzejewska , Adriana Modrzejewska , Izabela Bieńkowska , Viren Swami","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The available evidence suggests that exposure to natural environments promotes more positive body image, but to date this research has not considered impacts on children. To answer this question, we invited two groups of children in Poland – matched in terms of age (range = 6 to 12 years), gender identities, and racialised status – to go for a group walk in either a natural environment (<em>n</em> = 80) or a built environment (<em>n</em> = 81). Before and after the walks, participants were asked to complete an adapted, state version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 for Children. The results of a mixed analysis of variance indicated that children who went for a walk in the natural environment reported a significant improvement to state body appreciation (<em>d</em> = 0.35), whereas those who went for a walk in the built environment did not (<em>d</em> = 0.04). The results also showed no significant impact of gender identity (girls vs. boys) or age (middle vs. late childhood) on this finding. These results show for the first time that nature exposure may help to improve body image outcomes in children, at least in the immediate term, which may prove beneficial for future interventionist work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144524000299/pdfft?md5=5de630d7d0c8ab50b01522c68514af7b&pid=1-s2.0-S1740144524000299-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101704
Stephanie R. Aarsman , Christopher J. Greenwood , Jake Linardon , Rachel F. Rodgers , Mariel Messer , Hannah K. Jarman , Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz
{"title":"Enhancing inferences and conclusions in body image focused non-experimental research via a causal modelling approach: A tutorial","authors":"Stephanie R. Aarsman , Christopher J. Greenwood , Jake Linardon , Rachel F. Rodgers , Mariel Messer , Hannah K. Jarman , Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Causal inference is often the goal of psychological research. However, most researchers refrain from drawing causal conclusions based on non-experimental evidence. Despite the challenges associated with producing causal evidence from non-experimental data, it is crucial to address causal questions directly rather than avoiding them. Here we provide a clear, non-technical overview of the fundamental concepts (including the counterfactual framework and related assumptions) and tools that permit causal inference in non-experimental data, intended as a starting point for readers unfamiliar with the literature. Certain tools, such as the target trial framework and causal diagrams, have been developed to assist with the identification and reduction of potential biases in study design and analysis and the interpretation of findings. We apply these concepts and tools to a motivating example from the body image field. We assert that more precise and detailed elucidation of the barriers to causal inference within one’s study is arguably a key first step in the enhancement of non-experimental research and future intervention development and evaluation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144524000263/pdfft?md5=84a888aec5677ccd67fd6f9b9a950c2d&pid=1-s2.0-S1740144524000263-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140343669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101710
Nicole Behrend , Jennifer B. Webb , Petra Warschburger
{"title":"Explaining the prospective paths from body appreciation to intuitive eating facets: Does body image flexibility serve as a mediator?","authors":"Nicole Behrend , Jennifer B. Webb , Petra Warschburger","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Initial evidence suggests that body appreciation prospectively predicts intuitive eating. However, the limited number of longitudinal studies focused solely on girls and women, with a lack of evaluation among men. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms explaining this relationship remain poorly understood. The present study examined whether body appreciation prospectively predicted intuitive eating facets among women and men in Germany. We also tested whether adaptive affect regulation skills (i.e., body image flexibility) mediated these relationships. We analyzed data from 1436 women and 704 men across three time points: Baseline (T1), 6-month (T2), and 12-month (T3) follow-up, using latent variable path models to assess direct and indirect effects. Among women, T1 body appreciation directly predicted T3 <em>body–food choice congruence</em>. Additionally, body appreciation indirectly predicted <em>unconditional permission to eat</em>, <em>eating for physical rather than emotional reasons</em>, and <em>reliance on hunger and satiety cues</em> at T3 via its effect on T2 body image flexibility. Among men, T1 body appreciation indirectly predicted T3 <em>eating for physical rather than emotional reasons</em> via T2 body image flexibility. Our findings suggest that body image flexibility plays a pivotal role in explaining why individuals who appreciate their bodies are more likely to eat intuitively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140341988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101708
Lauren A. Stutts , Kerstin K. Blomquist
{"title":"The impact of fitspiration comments on adult women’s body dissatisfaction and negative affect","authors":"Lauren A. Stutts , Kerstin K. Blomquist","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study examined the impact of writing different types of comments in response to fitspiration (fitness inspiration) images on women’s body dissatisfaction and negative affect. Women (<em>N</em> = 256) from the general population (age range: 18 to 49) were randomized to write one of three types of comments on the same fitspiration images: appearance (comment on the woman’s appearance), functionality (comment on what the woman’s body can do), or background (comment on the image background). Participants completed measures of state body dissatisfaction and negative affect pre- and post-exposure and measures of appearance comparison and functionality appreciation post-exposure. After controlling for pre-body dissatisfaction due to a baseline difference among groups, there was no difference among groups in body dissatisfaction at post-exposure. Negative affect decreased from pre- to post-exposure across all groups, but there was no difference by group or interaction by time and group. The background group reported lower state appearance comparison than the appearance group. There were no group differences in functionality appreciation. Our results suggest that commenting on image backgrounds might decrease appearance comparison relative to making appearance comments and that writing comments on appearance, functionality, or the background in response to fitspiration may be beneficial for mood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140328439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}