Satisfaction with partner’s appearance, body criticism, and relationship quality in heterosexual couples: A dyadic study

Physical appearance and attraction are key factors shaping dynamics and perceptions in romantic relationships, contributing to satisfaction and overall relationship quality. This study aimed to investigate the associations between appearance-related factors and relationship quality in heterosexual couples using the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM). Specifically, we examined how each partner's perceptions of body criticism from the other, satisfaction with the partner’s appearance, perceived partner satisfaction with one’s appearance, and relationship quality are interrelated. A dyadic model was tested to include both intrapersonal (actor-to-actor) and interpersonal (actor-to-partner) associations. The sample consisted of 167 heterosexual adult couples from Quebec, Canada. The findings revealed small to moderate similarity within couples regarding satisfaction with their partner’s appearance, perceived partner satisfaction with their own appearance, and perceived body criticism. Actors’ satisfaction with their partner’s appearance was associated both directly and indirectly (through perceived partner satisfaction with one’s appearance) with their own relationship quality. Interestingly, women’s satisfaction with their partner’s appearance was directly associated with their partner’s relationship quality, a pattern not observed in men. Additionally, individuals who reported higher levels of body criticism from their partner perceived lower partner satisfaction with their appearance, which was linked to poorer relationship quality. Overall, these results underscore the complex interplay between appearance-related perceptions and mutual satisfaction in fostering relationship quality.