{"title":"The French approach to promoting gender diversity in corporate governance","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emj.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An increasing number of countries are adopting policies on gender diversity in corporate governance. Some regulators believe that non-binding recommendations, or ‘soft law’, are sufficient and that stakeholder social pressure will promote diversity. Others argue that ‘hard law’ is needed, including mandatory quotas with sanctions for non-compliance. Both sides believe that increasing gender diversity on boards of directors is necessary to promote diversity in executive committees and other top management positions. Empirical evidence from France sheds light on this debate. Initially, the country supported the ‘soft law’ approach. However, following the Norwegian example, France passed the Copé-Zimmermann law in 2011, which imposed a mandatory quota of 40% gender diversity on boards of directors by 2017. In 2021, the French parliament passed the Rixain law, recognising the limited progress of the previous law and setting a mandatory quota of 40% on boards by 2029. This law was the first of its kind in Western countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 445-451"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263237324000707/pdfft?md5=c539392f6f73b2133d64539c2b9bff6d&pid=1-s2.0-S0263237324000707-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathleen Riach, Ana Paula Londe Silva, Craig Smith
{"title":"Editorial introduction: Between markets and morality—Exploring Adam Smith as a figure for contemporary European management","authors":"Kathleen Riach, Ana Paula Londe Silva, Craig Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faisal Qamar, Shuaib Ahmed Soomro, Asif Nawaz, Olivier Roques
{"title":"Fuelling perceived employability through Leader's expert power: Role of empowerment climate and thriving","authors":"Faisal Qamar, Shuaib Ahmed Soomro, Asif Nawaz, Olivier Roques","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"After COVID-19, pre-existing perceptions of employability have dramatically changed. Consequently, challenges of workforce sustainability prompt managers to develop non-traditional survival strategies. However, there is limited understanding of how these strategies impact employability perceptions. This study applies self-determination theory and aims to address this gap by investigating how a leader's expert power enhances followers' perceived employability through serial mediation of empowerment climate and thriving at work. Findings reveal a positive relationship between a leader's expert power and follower perceptions of employability. Empowerment climate is positively linked with thriving at work, which in turn is positively linked with perceived employability. Findings indicate that empowerment climate and thriving at work serve as mediators for the relationship between leader's expert power and followers' perceived employability. Support for serial mediation signifies that empowerment climate and thriving at work serially mediate between a leader's expert power and followers' perceived employability. These findings have significant theoretical and managerial implications. Managers should leverage expert power to foster employees' sense of employability by creating an empowering workplace. This enhances employees' thriving and subsequently improves their perceived employability.","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The gender pay gap at the top floor: A multilevel analysis of Spanish listed companies","authors":"C. José García, Begoña Herrero, Luis E. Vila","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"The gender pay gap, including at the top management level, is a socially relevant issue; however, it remains controversial. This study explores the distribution of pay by gender for executive directors of Spanish listed companies over the period 2012 to 2021. The analysis is based on multilevel regression. Three-level models with a fixed slope for gender show that female directors face an average 45% pay penalty relative to their male peers after controlling for time-varying individual and board/firm variables, time-invariant firm characteristics, and year of observation. A three-level model including all control variables and a random slope for gender shows that the gender pay penalty varies significantly across boards/firms (from 18% to 78%), with an average value of 46%. This finding suggests that unobservable heterogeneity among firms is a primary source of the observed gender pay gap.","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CEO incentive pay and corporate social performance: Evidence from French companies","authors":"Sami Ben Larbi, Ali Dardour, Adam Elage","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on stakeholder and legitimacy theories, this study investigates the influence of CEO incentive pay on corporate social performance (CSP) and the moderating effect of the economic crisis on this relationship within the French context. Using a sample of 460 firm-year observations of listed French firms, we provide new empirical evidence of a positive relationship between CEO incentive pay and CSP, as well as each of the process dimensions governing this construct (Leadership, Implementation, and Results). However, this relationship is altered by the economic crisis, which affects only one dimension of CSP (Leadership). These findings indicate that due to economic concerns, CEOs may shift efforts toward communicating rather than implementing CSP; however, they also might reflect defensive strategies intended to reassure stakeholders in a strained global economic context marked by declining of the financial performance.","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leveraging employee green entrepreneurial orientation for enhancing environmental performance: The multi-level role of green creativity and green decision comprehensiveness","authors":"Colin C.J. Cheng, Eric C. Shiu","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"In view of increasing demands for employees engaging in environmental sustainability, the authors suggest firms can use employee green entrepreneurial orientation (eGEO) to enhance their environmental performance. Relying on the natural resource-based view as the underlying theoretical foundation and the source–position–performance model as the overarching framework, the authors propose a theoretical model across employee and firm levels to examine how eGEO promotes employee and firm environmental performance. Using multi-source surveys and secondary proxy data through multiple waves of data collection from 246 firms, the results indicate that eGEO has a positive indirect effect on employee environmental performance through employee green creativity and a positive indirect effect on firm environmental performance through firm green creativity. The results further indicate that green decision comprehensiveness strengthens these effects. This study contributes to research on green entrepreneurship by focusing on a novel characteristic of eGEO and by underscoring the necessity of treating green creativity as separate dimensions, employee and firm, that relate eGEO and environmental performance. It also contributes to research on strategic decision-making by revealing which strategic decision processes encourage eGEO in both employee and firm green creativity.","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Serhan Kotiloglu , Daniela Blettner , Thomas G. Lechler
{"title":"Integrating national culture into the organizational performance feedback theory","authors":"Serhan Kotiloglu , Daniela Blettner , Thomas G. Lechler","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2023.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emj.2023.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The organizational response to performance feedback is a collective process in which groups of decision-makers face uncertainty about the future when making organizational decisions based on past performance feedback. Culture is an important variable to explain the context of collective decision processes, but it is not well understood by Organizational Performance Feedback Theory (PFT) research. The current internationalization trend of PFT research poses the question if empirical results are comparable across different cultural settings, and whether culture is a general condition of organizational performance feedback. We analyze the role of national culture as a proxy for collective interpretive processes that influence the organizational decision-making process in response to performance feedback, and we resolve some of the unexplained variances in the empirical results. We use a meta-analysis to understand if national culture poses a general condition for the organizational performance feedback process. We analyze the empirical results of 153 PFT studies covering organizations from 16 countries, and we examine the impact of four dimensions of national culture: uncertainty avoidance, performance orientation, future orientation, and institutional collectivism. We demonstrate that national culture is an important concept for PFT development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 327-347"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263237323000038/pdfft?md5=4e5ad6a95a2ed8fb175cd7bb40c7988f&pid=1-s2.0-S0263237323000038-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43003419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bureaucracy under pressure: New(s) management practices in central government agencies","authors":"Ulla Eriksson-Zetterquist , Josef Pallas","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2022.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emj.2022.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How various central government agencies (CGAs) in Sweden respond to the contemporary and highly digitalized media landscape and explore intricate patterns of the ambiguity in organizational and media relations are discussed in this study. Organizational responses caused by the perceptions of the media landscape on governmental agencies are analyzed as a process of bureaucratization. This study suggests that the agencies do not attempt to defend themselves; their efforts are directed toward maintaining internal trust and trust of the public. The studied responses turned out to result in decision-making aspects as preemptive measures, casting light on the significances of the ideal <em>hierarchical authority</em>. Furthermore, the extent of openness in relation to the communication showed <em>rule-based actions</em>. Additionally, the consequences of the media pressure for the more general codes of conduct among the bureaucrats led to the ideal of <em>professional staffing</em>. Our contribution is twofold. First, we argue that the contemporary media landscape – including all institutionalized (i.e., both digital and conventional) forms, structures, platforms, and interfaces – has led to an increased self-control in CGAs; and secondly, that the bureaucratization turns professional employees into “passionate bureaucrats.”</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42234719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unequal implies success? How initial ownership split impacts team entry and new venture performance","authors":"Elisabeth Mueller , Maria Hennicke","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2022.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emj.2022.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When launching a new venture, the new venture team (NVT) determines the ownership split, a decision which has implications for the venture's performance. We develop a novel theoretical framework by extending the relational-models theory to the type of ownership split chosen and explaining the choice of an equal or unequal split with the preferred model of social interaction. The models differ in terms of contribution organization and valuation, as well as the primary motivations of NVT members. We hypothesize that NVTs with unequal splits perform better and are more open to NVT entry. Furthermore, NVT entry is hypothesized to act as a partial mediator in the ownership split–performance relationship. We find support for our hypotheses using mediation analysis on a large sample of 24,194 German start-ups. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the performance implications of NVT's internal organization. Our findings, however, do not imply that all NVTs should choose an unequal split. Importantly, our research demonstrates that, depending on owners' preferences, both equal and unequal splits are distinct and viable models for organizing NVTs, even though performance differences should be taken into consideration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 305-315"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48860341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building organizational commitment through cognitive and relational job crafting","authors":"Mette Strange Noesgaard , Frances Jørgensen","doi":"10.1016/j.emj.2023.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2023.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we investigate the process by which organizational commitment is influenced by job crafting among knowledge workers. To address this aim, we conducted a longitudinal qualitative case study in a software solutions development firm in Denmark. The findings from the study suggest that relational and cognitive job crafting encourage affective, normative, and continuous commitment among knowledge workers, which ultimately has a positive influence on retention. The study also highlights the considerable overlap between different types of job crafting, with task job crafting appearing to be a precursor to relational and cognitive job crafting. This paper contributes to the job crafting literature by providing a process-focused account of how it engenders knowledge workers’ organizational commitment and to practice by suggesting how managers can support job crafting efforts to increase knowledge worker retention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48290,"journal":{"name":"European Management Journal","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 348-357"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263237323000026/pdfft?md5=df5f9a5148f9dd88f7707bfd76b9d150&pid=1-s2.0-S0263237323000026-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141294607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}