Applied Cognitive Psychology最新文献

{"title":"The Influence of Gen-AI Assisted Learning on Primary School Students' Math Anxiety: An Intervention Study","authors":"Xueshen Wang,&nbsp;Yun Wei","doi":"10.1002/acp.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Math anxiety refers to the emotions of fear, worry, and avoidance that students experience while learning math or participating in math-related activities. How to effectively alleviate students' math anxiety has always been a concern for global education researchers. Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) is a specialized branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on creating new content based on individual needs, such as text, images, audio, and video. This study firstly attempted to integrate Gen-AI assisted learning approach into primary school math classes and explored the influence of this approach on primary school students' math anxiety. This study adopted a mixed quasi-experimental design and was conducted among sixth-grade students from a public primary school in central China. By comparing pre—and post-tests, it was found that the Gen-AI-assisted learning approach could effectively reduce primary school students' math anxiety. The results of semi-structured interviews showed that Gen-AI assisted learning approach could reduce primary school students' math anxiety by enhancing their interest in learning, increasing their math self-efficacy and academic engagement, as well as providing personalized learning support and timely feedback.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Deficit, Comorbidity or Varying Degrees of Dysfunction? New Directions to the Study of Learning Disorders","authors":"Evgenia-Peristera Kouki,&nbsp;Antriani Tsagkaraki,&nbsp;George C. Spanoudis,&nbsp;Timothy C. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.1002/acp.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) has led us to refine our theoretical and methodological approaches. We explore whether new deficit clusters in line with the Research Domain Criteria, a novel multifactorial framework, optimally explain known conditions such as ADHD, DLD, or SLD in reading. Following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we assimilated relevant literature from 2015 to 2025 on the RDoC framework and the above conditions. We retrieved 3486 studies focusing on the RDoC Cognitive Systems domain from databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Studies were processed with the RayYan software. Fifteen studies met all inclusion criteria. Findings show that RDoC-informed neural and cognitive phenotypes were only partially aligned with DSM-based diagnoses. Moreover, deficits in Cognitive Control and Working Memory cut across known diagnoses, thus serving as transdiagnostic markers. The RDoC framework helps distinguish the neural, cognitive, linguistic, and behavioral deficits that cut across NDDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Scientific Reasoning Intervention on Reducing Online Conspiracy Beliefs and Misinformation Engagement: A Study Using the (Mis)Information Game","authors":"Neophytos Georgiou,&nbsp;Ryan P. Balzan,&nbsp;Lucy Butler,&nbsp;Natasha van Antwerpen,&nbsp;Toby Prike,&nbsp;Paul Delfabbro","doi":"10.1002/acp.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increased perceived threat of conspiracy theories (CTs) and misinformation has led to research on strategies to reduce their spread. One method is to encourage stronger critical scientific appraisal skills, known as the scientific reasoning intervention (SRI). This study examined whether the SRI could reduce CT endorsement and engagement with misinformation content with targeted qualities (i.e., that do not overlap with CTs) in an online context through a simulated social media platform. After completing baseline measures of CT endorsement and misinformation engagement, 184 participants were randomly allocated to the SRI or control condition. A repeated measures analysis found people exposed to the SRI showed a lower endorsement of CT beliefs and were less likely to positively engage (i.e., like/share) with false posts compared with the control group. The findings suggest that the SRI can encourage some small reductions in CT endorsement and online engagement with misinformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective, Scalable, and Low Cost: The Use of Teacher-Made Digital Flashcards Improves Student Learning","authors":"Magnus Ingebrigtsen,&nbsp;Åshild Odden Miland,&nbsp;Jarle Bastesen,&nbsp;Rannveig Grøm Sæle","doi":"10.1002/acp.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spaced retrieval practice can improve learning but is often underutilized. We hypothesized that providing students with digital flashcards via a spaced repetition app could improve academic performance by increasing use of spaced retrieval practice. In a controlled nationwide quasi-experiment, involving 799 first-year nursing students across 19 Norwegian campuses, we randomly assigned 10 campuses to an intervention. Although only one-third of the intervention group utilized the flashcards, evidence for self-selection bias was limited. Card users significantly outperformed non-users on the final exam (d = 0.42, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), were nearly three times more likely to pass (OR = 2.84 [1.35, 6.01]), and over twice as likely to achieve the highest grade (OR = 2.31 [1.35, 3.98]). Flashcard use remained a significant predictor of exam performance after controlling for age, prior academic performance, study time, and study material covered. This suggests that teacher-made digital flashcards can be a cost-effective intervention to improve learning outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary Forgetting of (Presumably) Untrustworthy News: The Case of List-Method Directed Forgetting","authors":"Magdalena Abel,&nbsp;Karl-Heinz T. Bäuml","doi":"10.1002/acp.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on list-method directed forgetting (LMDF) shows that previously encountered material can be voluntarily forgotten. Here, we examined LMDF of news contents. Experiment 1 found that a first set of news headlines from a supposedly untrustworthy source could be voluntarily forgotten, which benefited memory for a second set of news headlines from a supposedly trustworthy source. Experiment 2 used fictitious news reports as study materials and also found intact voluntary forgetting for Set 1 as well as a benefit for Set 2. Moreover, Experiment 2 clarified that the results were not affected by whether the news source for Set 1 was characterized as trustworthy or untrustworthy. News contents can be voluntarily forgotten, but whether this curtails the spread of untrustworthy information may depend on an individual's goals and motivation. Future work is needed to better understand how voluntary forgetting operates in applied settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Imagining Someone Else Experience a Negative Autobiographical Memory on Phenomenological Experience","authors":"Ceren Dönerkayalı,&nbsp;Simay Ikier","doi":"10.1002/acp.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated whether the phenomenological experience of a negative autobiographical memory changes when the self is presumably distanced from it. In session 1, participants described and phenomenologically rated an important negative event. One week later, in session 2, they imagined and described the event as if either a similar or a dissimilar friend experienced it. Afterward, they once more rated the original event that they described in session 1. Results showed increased observer perspective and decreased vividness, accessibility, and reliving of the original event after imagining that a friend experienced it. Importantly, when the negative event was imagined as experienced by a friend, preoccupation with overwhelming emotions related to the event, the event's emotional intensity, and its centrality to identity and life story also decreased. When the imagined friend was dissimilar, the emotional valence of the memory became more positive, and the emotional distance to the memory increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Optimism in Individuals' Future Thinking About the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Sezin Öner,&nbsp;Karl Szpunar,&nbsp;Lynn Ann Watson,&nbsp;Scott Cole","doi":"10.1002/acp.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spatial optimism is the tendency to underestimate the severity of environmental threats in local relative to global contexts. We investigated whether spatial optimism was evident in people's beliefs about the estimated duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants from 15 countries provided estimates of (i) when the pandemic would be brought under control and (ii) infection rates for their country and globally. Overall, individuals estimated that the pandemic would end sooner and with a lower infection rate in their own country relative to the rest of the world. This spatial optimism bias was moderated by the severity of COVID-19 at the country level, such that the bias was greatest in countries with lower levels of pandemic severity. Findings parallel those observed for environmental threats and provide evidence for a spatial optimism bias in a distinct domain of collective thought. Implications for public-health messaging are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is It Time to Leave the Shopping Mall Behind? Measurement Flaws, Plausibility, and External Validity of False Memory Research","authors":"Zsofia A. Szojka,&nbsp;Stephanie Block,&nbsp;David La Rooy","doi":"10.1002/acp.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This commentary discusses the recently published article by Andrews and Brewin (<span>2024</span>) that reanalyzed data collected by Murphy et al. (<span>2023</span>) to replicate the well-known “lost in the mall” study first published by Loftus and Pickrell (<span>1995</span>). We begin by outlining initial and more recent findings that brought the “lost in the mall” paradigm to the forefront of false memory research before considering the thought-provoking results of the reanalysis by Andrews and Brewin (<span>2024</span>). We then highlight some of the implications of the reanalysis for child sexual abuse investigations, and more broadly, for the reliability and validity of psychological research that relies on researchers' coding and interpretation of information provided by participants about the content of their memories. We ask whether the definition and measurement of false memories within laboratory experiments can be meaningfully applied to real-life debates concerning justice for alleged victims and perpetrators of sexual abuse.</p><p>In the 1970s Elizabeth Loftus and her team conducted a series of highly influential experiments demonstrating that misleading information received after a personal experience can lead people to make mistakes when they later try to describe what happened (Loftus and Palmer <span>1974</span>; Loftus <span>1975</span>). After establishing the impact of misinformation on memory for personal experiences, an innovative research paradigm was designed to demonstrate that memories of <i>entire events that never occurred</i> could be implanted in people's minds with relative ease. Loftus and Pickrell (<span>1995</span>) misled 24 adult participants to believe that their family members provided descriptions of four true past events, but unbeknownst to the participants, one of the supposed true events, being “lost in the mall”, was made up by the researchers. After participants were told that they had been lost in the mall many years earlier they were then asked to recall what they could remember in writing and verbally and rate the clarity of their memories. The results showed that a quarter of the participants were successfully induced to claim that they remembered the false event, although their average clarity ratings for the false memory were substantially lower than scores assigned to true events. (1) The “lost in the mall” study resulted in a “veritable explosion of cognitive research on the topic of false memory” (Pezdek and Lam <span>2007</span>), (2), and led to the establishment of a new view of human memory as being particularly fragile and easily manipulated.</p><p>However, while most memory researchers accept that false memory implantation is possible, the proportion of people who can be induced to develop false memories has been the subject of fierce debate (Wade et al. <span>2002</span>). Scrutiny of false memory implantation experiments identified two main challenges concerning the definition of f","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Intoxication, Sexual Misperception, and Sexual Assault Perpetration: The Role of Sexual Drive–Related Alcohol Expectancies","authors":"Elizabeth C. Neilson,&nbsp;Jesse John,&nbsp;Jordan Gootee,&nbsp;Lauren Smith,&nbsp;Kellsey Launius,&nbsp;Elizabeth Farren","doi":"10.1002/acp.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexual misperception—inaccurate perception of a partner's sexual interest and intent—is a potential link through which alcohol intoxication affects perpetration of sexual assault. Alcohol intoxication induces cognitive deficits that influence in-the-moment perceptions, such as sexual misperception and decision-making. Further, expectancies about alcohol's effects on behavior may be activated by alcohol-related cues and influence sexual misperception and behavior. Cisgender men who regularly consume alcohol (<i>N</i> = 96) completed a measure of alcohol expectancies related to sexual drive and were randomized to a beverage condition (alcohol [BrAC = 0.10%] vs. control). Participants completed a sexual assault behavioral analog and reported their perceptions of a hypothetical woman's sexual interest. Participants then reported their intentions to engage in sexual assault. Among intoxicated participants, sexual drive alcohol expectancies were positively associated with sexual misperception, which predicted sexual assault intentions. Sexual assault prevention programming may benefit from cognitive strategies to address alcohol and sexuality-related beliefs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drawing Participants Attention to Their Own Biases Reduces Formation of False Memories for Fake News","authors":"Ciara M. Greene,&nbsp;Gillian Murphy","doi":"10.1002/acp.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>People can easily form false memories for events described in “fake news” stories. This is more likely if the content of the stories is consistent with the individual's political or social identity. Here, we test a novel intervention to reduce this effect by demonstrating participants' own bias to them. Participants (<i>n</i> = 1026) were asked to indicate their political affiliation (Democrat or Republican) and then randomly assigned to the intervention or to a control condition. They were then exposed to true and false news items on the topic of U.S. politics. Participants in the intervention condition reported fewer false memories overall, and fewer ideologically congruent memories in particular. The effect was somewhat stronger among those who experienced their own bias during the intervention but was effective even among those who did not. We conclude that this simple and easily scalable intervention can markedly reduce cognitive biases in response to misinformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}