Political Geography最新文献

{"title":"Cabling and un-cabling Palestine/Israel: Toward a theory of cumulative infrastructural injustice","authors":"Yara Sa’di-Ibraheem ,&nbsp;Shira Wilkof","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although urban infrastructure is designed to last for many decades and is characterized by its extensive lifecycle, it is typically studied through specific events or effects occurring within a narrow timeframe. What this restricted temporal perspective fails to capture is the enduring patterns through which infrastructural injustice, discrimination and exclusion build over time. To address this lacuna, recent studies, especially those focusing on colonial settings, have adopted a longitudinal perspective. In this article, however, we push the longitudinal perspective further, arguing that more than merely unveiling resemblances, reemergences, or continuities in power relations, it also allows us to (1) reveal the interconnections between different forms of infrastructural injustice across successive regimes and (2) understand the cumulative impact of these inequalities over time. Thus, we propose the concept of ‘cumulative infrastructural injustice’ to enable us both to identify diverse forms and mechanisms of infrastructural injustice that, in the aggregate, result in the continuity of discrimination, disenfranchisement, and racial hierarchies within various regimes and contexts, especially in colonial contexts; and to assess their cumulative impact. To develop this understanding, we focus on the establishment of the physical telecommunications infrastructure in Palestine/Israel, from the British colonial period to contemporary Israel's (infra)structural discrimination against its Palestinian citizens. Drawing on multilingual archival records and media from various periods, we analyze the changing modes of infrastructural inequalities that developed over time by means of what we term strategies of ‘skipping,’ ‘un-cabling,’ and ‘selective (re)cabling’ in the telecommunication system. The ‘cumulative infrastructural injustice’ lens reminds us not only to adopt a long-term view of infrastructural <em>development</em> but also to trace its opposite expressions—sustained lack, obstacles, erasure, willful neglect, and de-prioritization—and uncover the different mechanisms underpinning these strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to turn a union organizer into a cable junction box: Union access to workers, the property right to exclude, and the United States Supreme Court's alchemical geographical imagination","authors":"Don Mitchell","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on the 2021 US Supreme Court decision in <em>Cedar Point Nurseries v. Hassid</em>. In its decision the Court invalidated a 45-year old California regulation that allowed union organizers onto growers' properties under very limited conditions for the purposes of discussing the merits of unionization. In making its ruling, the Court effected a broad and significant expansion of property-owners “right to exclude” that will affect not only union organizing, but quite probably food safety inspection regimes, oversight of care homes, workplace safety enforcement and other activities where property owners have been required to allow third parties on their property in the pursuance of the public good. The paper focuses on the development and necessity of the access rule, the history of growers' attempts to have it invalidated on constitutional grounds, and the reasoning by the Court that has made growers – and property-rights activists more broadly – victorious at last. The paper relies on archival research, a close reading of precedential cases, a large number of friend-of-the-court briefs, oral testimony and both the majority's and dissent's reading of the facts in order to expose how the Court deploys an alchemical geographical imagination in ways that advances the interests of the capitalist and property-owning classes. The paper contributes to ongoing research in political geography on the sources, meanings, and geographical effects of law by showing examining the Court's ability to deploy law's interpretive flexibility in ways that enhance its structural determination of the contours of class struggle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 103260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between territorial partitioning, indigeneity crises, and farmer-pastoralist conflicts in the Benue-Nasarawa region","authors":"Cletus Famous Nwankwo","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper explores interactions between jurisdictional partitioning, indigeneity crises, farmer-pastoralist conflicts (FPCs), and territorial conflicts between Benue and Nasarawa States in Nigeria. Drawing on ethnographic research, the paper examines how jurisdictional partitioning resulted in an informal boundary dispute between villagers on the Benue-Nasarawa border, which escalated, and was escalated by, the indigeneity crisis and tensions between farmers and herders. The results are exclusion, counter-exclusion, violent confrontations in neighbouring jurisdictions with similar social groups, and a formal boundary dispute between Benue and Nasarawa States. Thus, what we see in the Benue Valley is an interconnected web of crises reinforcing each other, creating a vicious circle of conflicts. The article contributes to the literature by showing how territorial partitioning along the lines of identity, and broader territorial politics between subnational jurisdictional units, shape farmer-pastoralist conflicts, and vice versa. I demonstrate that while partitioning can reduce regional tensions that can threaten the stability of a state, it can breed further ground-level tensions in ethnically heterogeneous areas like the Benue-Nasarawa border and can compound conflict between subnational jurisdictional units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 103262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making spaces for debate in the digital age","authors":"Mia M. Bennett,&nbsp;Kate Coddington,&nbsp;Deirdre Conlon,&nbsp;Patricia Ehrkamp,&nbsp;Charis Enns,&nbsp;Filippo Menga,&nbsp;Caroline Nagel,&nbsp;Olivier J. Walther","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103266","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 103266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wasla. Tracing the lasting impacts of an entangled colonial history on a Miskitu community","authors":"Ruth H. Matamoros Mercado","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103267","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 103267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How and why does demographic decline lead to support for populist parties? The case of the Czech Republic","authors":"Tomáš Dvořák ,&nbsp;Jan Zouhar ,&nbsp;Jan Bíba","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent decades, a strong demographic decline has characterized post-communist Central and Eastern European countries. Using the Czech Republic as a case study, we apply a multilevel structural equation model to test the mechanism whereby demographic decline translates into support for populist parties. Combining regional and individual data, we show that the long-term demographic decline (measured at the regional level) recorded between 2008 and 2017 had an impact on preferences in favour of two populist parties: the radical populist party, Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD), and a more moderate populist party, ANO 2011. The results of this analysis point to a mechanism where demographic decline is associated with a breakdown of social capital, which is then associated with voting behaviour in favour of both populist parties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 103261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous women-led climate crisis solutions: A decolonial perspective from the Garo Indigenous community in Bangladesh","authors":"Ranjan Datta ,&nbsp;Arifatul Kibria","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the critical impact of climate change on land-based culture and matriarchy within the Garo Indigenous Community in Bangladesh. Using a decolonial perspective, we explored how Garo Indigenous women are deeply rooted in land-based traditions and social structures and face unprecedented challenges. Through a decolonial lens, we explore intersections between climate change, land-based practices, and the matriarchal land-based practice. It shows the Garo Indigenous community's land-based adaptive strategies and resilience in climate change. This paper emphasizes the importance of centering Indigenous perspectives in climate discourse, advocating for decolonization as a crucial framework for understanding and addressing the multifaceted impacts of climate change on land-based cultures and matriarchy.</div><div>By providing decolonial analysis from the Garo Indigenous land-based perspective, this research contributes to a broader understanding of the effects of climate change on Indigenous communities, creating a decolonized and traditional land-based approaches to climate adaptation and mitigation policies. The paper calls for action to recognize Indigenous land-right, traditional matriarchy family leadership to safeguard the unique cultural heritage and gender dynamics of the Garo Indigenous community while addressing the broader implications for global climate justice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 103258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do women commemorate women? How gender and ideology affect decisions on naming female streets","authors":"Víctor Caballero-Cordero ,&nbsp;Demetrio Carmona-Derqui ,&nbsp;Daniel Oto-Peralías","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Street names are not neutral identifiers to navigate through cities but are charged with strong symbolic connotations and reflect power relations within society. A growing body of geographic scholarship documents a strong gender bias in the urban namespace, where women only represent a small fraction of streets named after people. This article investigates whether the lack of women in political decision-making roles contributes to explaining their marginalization in urban toponyms. More specifically, we study the impact of the gender and ideology of town mayors on their decisions to commemorate women in the street map. Focusing on the universe of Spanish towns during the period 2001–2023, we find through fixed effects panel data models and regression discontinuity design that the mayor's gender does not affect the percentage of female-named streets, while the ideology of the governing party does. Our findings thus indicate that it is ideology rather than gender what shapes politicians' preferences regarding the commemoration of women in the street map. We argue that this is because, on the one hand, strong political parties can impose their agenda on local leaders, making irrelevant differences in their gender and, on the other, the ideological cleavage is more relevant than the gender one to account for differences in attitudes towards symbolic gender policies. A natural implication of our results is that simply having more female politicians will hardly suffice to address the gender gap in street names and in other symbolically charged policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uneven development and the anti-politics machine: Algorithmic violence and market-based neighborhood rankings","authors":"Dillon Mahmoudi,&nbsp;Dena Aufseeser,&nbsp;Alicia Sabatino","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the role of supposedly objective algorithms in producing uneven urban spaces through market-based neighborhood rankings. Focusing on the Market Value Analysis (MVA), we argue that municipal governments' failure to explicitly account for the racialized and class-based production of urban space in ranking algorithms hinders their capacity to foster equitable and vibrant neighborhoods. Instead, these algorithms deepen existing inequalities and reinforce market-based approaches to neighborhood typologies and spatial organization, effectively serving as tools for capital accumulation. Through a comparative analysis of the Market Value Analysis (MVA) and historical Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps across 10 cities, we illustrate how the MVA preserves wealth while simultaneously producing poverty in certain areas to benefit affluent landowners. We argue that the MVA typology, presented under the guise of technological objectivity, functions as part of an anti-politics machine that depoliticizes and institutionalizes race- and class-based housing segregation. By positioning city residents as \"customers\" and aligning government spending with market-driven priorities, the MVA algorithm places profit motives above the immediate needs of vulnerable communities. Consequently, it perpetuates and amplifies existing disparities in urban geographies, reinforcing racial capitalism through ostensibly \"objective\" market-based approaches to public policy. Toward realizing a more equitable and just future, our findings challenge claims of the objectivity of technical planning products and instead elucidate the role algorithms can play in the differential valuation of urban territory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards hydrosocial autonomy within modernity. A long-term analysis (1850–1980) of socio-material fracturing of flood protection infrastructures in an Alpine valley","authors":"Antoine Brochet ,&nbsp;Jean-Dominique Creutin ,&nbsp;Aida Arik ,&nbsp;Yvan Renou","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper retraces the history of flood risk infrastructure projects (1850–1980) in the Grésivaudan Valley, located immediately upstream of Grenoble (France). It analyses the persistent gap between the modernist paradigm embedded in flood protection projects and the concrete hydraulic infrastructure built along the river and at confluences, questioning their unexpected effects. In this article, we demonstrate that in spite of their apparent fixity, flood protection infrastructures are constantly reshaped within hydrosocial territories. To support this argument, we analyse socio-material fracturing arising from the implementation of flood infrastructure projects. Four autonomisation processes that produce these socio-material fractures are studied: a) a competition between imaginaries at stake; b) a situation of legal pluralism denied by the State; c) an agency of sediments; and d) a conflict between the everyday practices of beneficiaries and planned practices. By reconstructing these processes, we open the black box of the hydrosocial construction and materialisation of hydraulic infrastructure, and contribute to the development of the concept of socio-material fractures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}