Political Geography最新文献_第2页

The remaking of social property and wind energy trajectories in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico 墨西哥特万特佩克地峡社会财产和风能轨迹的重塑

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103209

{"title":"The remaking of social property and wind energy trajectories in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper asks how social property and wind energy trajectories have remade each other in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, since 1994. To this end, the paper identifies two social property regimes in the region: the ejido system, with well-defined property rights, in the northern section of the region and the agrarian community of Juchitán Agrarian Nucleus, where a set of competing claims over land championed by different social groups co-exist. Drawing on 83 interviews with local stakeholders and continuous fieldwork since 2017, the paper argues that wind energy and social property have remade each other through two central dynamics. In the ejido system, first, wind power expansion treated the land as private property because of processes of certification and parcellation resulting from the 1992 agrarian reform. In this regime, contestations against wind power expansion have revolved around contractual terms rather than about the installation of wind farms. In the agrarian community, on the other hand, wind power has facilitated efforts to regularise private property through a unique agrarian figure of possession of the land of communal origin. At the same time, it has collided with the resurgence of collective land authorities in the town of Unión Hidalgo. This galvanised contestations against wind energy to revolve around the defence collective land. Therefore, this paper contributes to the scholarship analysing the agrarian consequences of climate mitigation technologies in Mexico and Latin America.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International law: Israel's fig leaf or a route to Palestinian statehood? 国际法：以色列的遮羞布还是巴勒斯坦建国之路？

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103208

引用次数: 0

The Sea in Sea Rescue: Conceptualising solidarity with maritime migrants 海上救援中的海洋：声援海上移民的概念化

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103205

{"title":"The Sea in Sea Rescue: Conceptualising solidarity with maritime migrants","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article conceptualises how the sea comes to matter for practicing solidarity with maritime migrants. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the article proposes that migration and border studies' critique of methodological nationalism (Anderson, 2020) and focus on mobility (Scheel and Tazzioli, 2022) can be fruitfully combined with the challenge that ocean studies makes towards modernity's “terracentric normative ideal” (Peters et al., 2018, p. 2) to advance conceptions of <em>maritime</em> solidarity. Consequently, the article asks what happens when you detach solidarity from the “national order of things” and conceptualise it, instead, starting from the sea's “more-than-wet ontology” (Peters & Steinberg, 2019) – a political geography that is constantly in motion. Our argument is empirically grounded in original ethnographic research conducted with civil sea rescue and migrant solidarity actors in the English Channel and the Mediterranean Sea. Drawing on these case studies, we demonstrate how the sea presents migrant solidarity action with both <em>techno-material</em> (wind and waves) and <em>socio-legal</em> (maritime zones and port state control) challenges which solidarity actors navigate through the application of seafaring knowledges and common seafaring practice. We argue that in prioritising <em>seafaring</em> over <em>sedentary logics,</em> the practices of <em>seafaring activists</em> open up new paths to conceptualising solidarity in and beyond maritime geographies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629824001549/pdfft?md5=f30d938cb61da11ffea3a8bf16f31583&pid=1-s2.0-S0962629824001549-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causes and electoral consequences of political assassinations: The role of organized crime in Mexico 政治暗杀的原因和选举后果：墨西哥有组织犯罪的作用

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103206

{"title":"Causes and electoral consequences of political assassinations: The role of organized crime in Mexico","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mexico has experienced a notable surge in assassinations of political candidates and mayors. This article argues that these killings are largely driven by organized crime, aiming to influence candidate selection, control local governments for rent-seeking, and retaliate against government crackdowns. Using a new dataset of political assassinations in Mexico from 2000 to 2021 and instrumental variables, we address endogeneity concerns in the location and timing of government crackdowns. Our instruments include historical Chinese immigration patterns linked to opium cultivation in Mexico, local corn prices, and U.S. illicit drug prices. The findings reveal that candidates in municipalities near oil pipelines face an increased risk of assassination due to drug trafficking organizations expanding into oil theft, particularly during elections and fuel price hikes. Government arrests or killings of organized crime members trigger retaliatory violence, further endangering incumbent mayors. This political violence has a negligible impact on voter turnout, as it targets politicians rather than voters. However, voter turnout increases in areas where authorities disrupt drug smuggling, raising the chances of the local party being re-elected. These results offer new insights into how criminal groups attempt to capture local governments and the implications for democracy under criminal governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629824001550/pdfft?md5=82b97d77a5da625782ad9ea843702d32&pid=1-s2.0-S0962629824001550-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Territorialising the cloud or clouding the territory? Volumetric vulnerabilities and the militarised conjunctures of Singapore’s smart city-state 云的领土化还是领土的云化？新加坡智能城邦的体积脆弱性与军事化的结点

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103211

{"title":"Territorialising the cloud or clouding the territory? Volumetric vulnerabilities and the militarised conjunctures of Singapore’s smart city-state","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article explores how the volumetric characteristics of cloud computing can create new expressions of territoriality, which in turn can reveal new axes of vulnerability and threat. Whilst recent work in political geography has sought to “locate” the cloud through analyses of data centre geographies and data-driven processes of smart urbanism, we look beyond the material plane and consider the amorphous territorialities of voluminous data instead. As much as these data are acted on by the legal-regulatory mechanics of the state in a bid to territorialise them, so too do these data volumes serve to cloud, and thus obscure, territory. Processes of territorialising and clouding exist in a state of dialectical tension with each other, and reveal the volumetric vulnerabilities of cloud computing. We validate these theoretical claims through an analysis of in-depth interviews with senior stakeholders in Singapore's Smart Nation initiative. In Singapore, defending the city is equivalent to defending the nation, which causes the military to play an outsized role in securing the city-state. We consider how the attack surface of the city becomes a more voluminous construct with cloud computing, how strategies of geofencing attempt to secure the cloud, and how these processes reveal the increasingly militarised conjunctures of everyday life. Overall, these insights reveal a need for political geography to continually evolve its theoretical premises in line with the rapid digitalisation of the world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explaining strategic disinterment: Forensics and the reconstruction of the missing in Cyprus 解释战略性挖掘：法医学与塞浦路斯失踪人员的重建

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103207

{"title":"Explaining strategic disinterment: Forensics and the reconstruction of the missing in Cyprus","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper investigates the phenomenon of ‘strategic disinterment’ in Cyprus, namely the purposeful and selective destruction of primary graves and removal of remains of missing persons to unknown secondary burial sites. Our examination of why violent actors invest valuable resources to exhume victims from the original burial location, even when they no longer pose a security threat, has significant theoretical and methodological implications. First, it pushes the boundaries of our understanding of violence by challenging the assumption that violent actors target only the living. Second, it innovates methodologically by introducing the use of forensic data to explain the strategic logic of selective removal of remains of victims from original grave sites in Cyprus. By exploring the interplay between temporal, spatial, demographic, and political considerations and analysing variables that may explain strategic disinterment, we make informed inferences about the possible drivers of grave selection. We argue the decision of armed groups to engage in strategic disinterment in Cyprus was shaped by a set of two factors. On the one hand, they were ‘pushed’ by the degree of perceived accountability associated with specific graves that concealed incriminatory evidence of heinous crimes. On the other hand, their capacity to organize sophisticated operations, such as mass-scale reburials, was crucial. Only actors with the capacity and attentive to (international) accountability norms were likely to engage in strategic disinterment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629824001562/pdfft?md5=a9969dc786343f8528778349e823efa4&pid=1-s2.0-S0962629824001562-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jurisdictional imaginaries as contested geographies: A metaphor analysis of reference cases about Canada's Impact Assessment Act 作为有争议的地理环境的管辖权想象：对加拿大《影响评估法》参考案例的隐喻分析

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103190

{"title":"Jurisdictional imaginaries as contested geographies: A metaphor analysis of reference cases about Canada's Impact Assessment Act","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Jurisdictional imaginaries, defined as constitutive and productive fictions with real world effects, serve a distinct purpose in the context of debates over Canadian environmental impact assessment. Metaphors are one way in which jurisdictional imaginaries are maintained and contested. In creating associations between entities, metaphors mark storytelling about jurisdiction with the imprints of history and place, and shape thinking about arrangements of authority within contested geographies. In Canadian reference cases (questions posed by governments to courts to seek advice on legislation), the judiciary settle conflicts over jurisdiction through case-by-case assessments based on interpretations of the Canadian constitution in which debates about federalism loom large. Our analysis of two reference cases on Canada's <em>Impact Assessment Act</em> (IAA) evidenced disagreements in court decisions about the scope and significance of provincial and federal authority, which hinged on metaphors of separation and conflict, and drew on two competing imaginaries: a classical imaginary which envisions dualist, hierarchical, and exclusionary orders of authority between provincial and federal governments; and a modern imaginary which emphasizes jurisdictional overlap and flexibility in constitutional interpretation. Reading these divergent imaginaries against a backdrop of legal pluralism and ongoing settler colonialism, we argue that both imaginaries normalize, rather than unsettle, colonial political logics predicated on the replacement of Indigenous sovereignty by European legal orders. The IAA reference cases, far from mere technical assessments of the constitutionality of legislation, highlight political questions about what kind of society Canada is and could become.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629824001392/pdfft?md5=bfe2d3f1ee9f5533026ef880e33c966f&pid=1-s2.0-S0962629824001392-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporalities in spatial narratives about war ruins in Mostar 莫斯塔尔战争废墟空间叙事的时间性

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103197

{"title":"Temporalities in spatial narratives about war ruins in Mostar","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spatial turn in peace and conflict studies and the geographies of peace research agendas have underscored the importance of space in (post-)conflict societies. These fields, despite recognising that space and time are inseparable dimensions, often pay more attention to the former compared to the latter. To address this gap, this article explains how space relates to temporality, a concept that delves into the lived experiences of time. More specifically, I analyse how understandings of the past, present, and future shape spatial narratives about war ruins in Mostar (Bosnia and Herzegovina), where buildings targeted during the 1990s wars remain unreconstructed. Drawing on spatial narratives gathered through walks and elite interviews, I show that temporality is a crucial element of space because lived experiences of time structure individuals' perspectives on war ruins in Mostar. Four temporalities were woven into participants’ narratives: (1) narratives shaped by trauma temporalities where war ruins remind people of wartime violence and collapse past and present; (2) narratives driven by temporalities of nostalgia and opportunities that invite reflections about the future of Mostar; (3) narratives building on a temporality of commodification that sees ruins as marketable attractions for tourists; and (4) narratives framing ruins as barriers to synchronising Mostar to a temporality of modernity, characterised by notions of progress and economic development. Through these findings, I demonstrate that temporalities are a key factor in how individuals perceive space and highlight the importance of temporalities in explaining heterogeneous attitudes toward space in areas affected by violence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096262982400146X/pdfft?md5=b95214e9795e91a665027002661e57bc&pid=1-s2.0-S096262982400146X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental statecraft and changing spatial politics: Erhai Lake protection in China 环境国策与不断变化的空间政治：中国的洱海保护

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103196

{"title":"Environmental statecraft and changing spatial politics: Erhai Lake protection in China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies on environmental governance have mainly focused on the relationship between local state, market, and community. However, how an environmental agenda is achieved by multi-scalar state actors and how these multi-scalar interventions reshape urban spatial politics have been understudied. This research investigates the protection of Erhai Lake in Dali, a third-tier city in Western China. Erhai Lake protection is a high-profile initiative proposed by the top leader. However, it is not only conducted through a top-down target-setting authoritarian system but has also invoked market and state interventions from various scales. Based on this case, we first reflect on statecraft in governing environmental sustainability in China, which manifested in mobilizing hybrid instruments to achieve the environmental goal. Second, environmental practices at the local scale do not municipalize environmental resources. Instead, the provincial-level state stands out in influencing local regulations and deploying state-owned enterprises to achieve environmental and economic ends. These actions peripheralize local city authorities in economic development, social management, and environmental assets management, undermining the entrepreneurial stance of the city government. This research contributes to understanding the co-evolution of urban spatial politics and environmental practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629824001458/pdfft?md5=1fcfdd40bd431aa6e88f2010edd6504d&pid=1-s2.0-S0962629824001458-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142150712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gatekeeping beyond the state: The mombasa port development program and the emergence of the gatekeeper city 超越国家的把关：蒙巴萨港口发展计划与守门城市的出现

IF 4.7 1区社会学

Political Geography Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103194

{"title":"Gatekeeping beyond the state: The mombasa port development program and the emergence of the gatekeeper city","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the announcement of Kenya's <em>Vision 2030</em>, infrastructure provision has been cast as a central part of Kenya's development strategy. A key component of this vision is the upgrading of the Port of Mombasa, the largest and busiest port in East Africa, to international logistics standards. Analyzing the implementation of the Mombasa Port Development Program (MPDP), this article argues that it reveals a transformation of the politics of ‘gatekeeping’ - understood as the political contests around the spatial and institutional sites that mediate the circulation of resources between domestic and international political-economic spheres. The controversies surrounding the management of the MPDP reveal how gatekeeping has undergone a process of decentralization, that results in arenas of gatekeeper competition multiplying at the intersection of new institutional and spatial sites of political contestation. The article demonstrates how gatekeeping now increasingly encompasses complex interactions between peripheral city-level actors and international state and non-state actors. Spatially, it emphasizes how gatekeeping contests crystallize around Mombasa's logistics sector, due to the port city's position as a crucial gateway linking the hinterland to global trade networks. This, I argue, is transforming Mombasa into a <em>gatekeeper city</em> understood as an urban space of transboundary logistical entanglements, where a variety of spatial practices encounter, and reconfigure the modalities of gatekeeping.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629824001434/pdfft?md5=7b44a81bfdb924849c9286dcb4c5254c&pid=1-s2.0-S0962629824001434-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142136591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0