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Implicit-explicit discrepancies regarding racial attitudes among U.S. Whites. 美国白人种族态度的内隐与外显差异。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2195992
Frank J Gonzalez
{"title":"Implicit-explicit discrepancies regarding racial attitudes among U.S. Whites.","authors":"Frank J Gonzalez","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2195992","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2195992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Work on implicit attitude measures has become increasingly rich and nuanced, with much theoretical development emanating from investigations of the correspondence between implicit and explicit attitude measures. However, various facets of implicit-explicit discrepancies (IEDs) remain underexplored - particularly, how prevalent the potentially distinct categories of IEDs are. Existing models speak mainly to discrepancies that occur because explicit attitudes are less prejudiced than implicit attitudes and tends to assume other possible categories are trivial. Using data from two large samples, this study provides a descriptive analysis of the different ways IEDs exist regarding racial attitudes among U.S. Whites. Results suggest IEDs exist largely in line with traditional theories, but there is substantial variation yet to be understood. These results were robust across a variety of measures, although decision-making in the construction of measures can be consequential. Future research should consider this variation in theory development regarding implicit versus explicit attitude measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9265874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining the moderating role of regulatory fit on stereotype threat among Ugandan adolescents. 研究监管契合度对乌干达青少年刻板印象威胁的调节作用。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2023-03-13 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2186829
Katherine Picho, Lisa Grimm
{"title":"Examining the moderating role of regulatory fit on stereotype threat among Ugandan adolescents.","authors":"Katherine Picho, Lisa Grimm","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2186829","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2186829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior research in Western contexts has tested the hypothesis that stereotype threat induces a prevention focus and that in contexts where both prevention focus and stereotype threat are simultaneously activated, members of stereotyped groups experience a performance boost due to the fit between one's goal orientation and the task demands (i.e. regulatory fit or stereotype fit). The present Study tested this hypothesis with high school students in Uganda, East Africa. Study findings revealed that in this cultural context where high-stakes testing fosters a predominantly promotion-focused testing culture, individual differences in regulatory focus interacted with the broader cultural, regulatory focus test culture to impact student performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9110666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From an identity process theory perspective: a daily investigation of why and when ostracism triggers ingratiation. 从身份认同过程理论的角度：对排斥为何以及何时会引发亲近的日常调查。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2139215
Liang Hou, Xixi Gu, Guifeng Ding
{"title":"From an identity process theory perspective: a daily investigation of why and when ostracism triggers ingratiation.","authors":"Liang Hou, Xixi Gu, Guifeng Ding","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2139215","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2139215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although existing studies suggest the relationship between ostracism and ingratiation, the knowledge about why and when ostracism promotes ingratiatory behaviors remains limited. Drawing from identity process theory, the current study examines the influence of ostracism on ingratiatory behaviors through the mediating role of self-identity threat on a daily timescale and the cross-level moderation of core self-evaluation. Through a diary study of 117 Chinese college students across 14 consecutive days, we found that daily ostracism had a positive indirect effect on daily ingratiatory behaviors through daily self-identity threat. Core self-evaluation of students weakened the indirect effect, such that only students with low core self-evaluation engaged in daily ingratiatory behaviors to cope with self-identity threat from ostracism. More importantly, supplemental analyses suggested that averaged daily ingratiatory behaviors were negatively related to perceived ostracism one week later. We discussed several theoretical and practical implications of these findings and proposed future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40477769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceived economic inequality enlarges the perceived humanity gap between low- and high-socioeconomic status groups. 感知到的经济不平等扩大了低社会经济地位群体和高社会经济地位群体之间感知到的人性差距。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2157699
Mario Sainz, Rocío Martínez, Juan Matamoros-Lima, Miguel Moya, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón
{"title":"Perceived economic inequality enlarges the perceived humanity gap between low- and high-socioeconomic status groups.","authors":"Mario Sainz, Rocío Martínez, Juan Matamoros-Lima, Miguel Moya, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2157699","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2157699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we analyze the influence of the perceived level of economic inequality in daily life on people's recognition of the perceived humanity gap between low- and high-socioeconomic groups within society. To achieve this purpose, in Studies 1A-B, we analyzed the relationship between economic inequality and the humanity gap. In Studies 2A-B, we manipulated the level of inequality (low vs. high) to identify differences in the humanity gap. Results indicated that higher perceptions of economic inequality lead individuals to recognize a wider humanity gap between low- and high-socioeconomic groups in society. Implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10474811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empathy arousal and emotional reactions to victims of the gender pay gap. 性别薪酬差距受害者的移情唤起和情绪反应。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2136058
Christelle Maisonneuve, Anne Taillandier-Schmitt
{"title":"Empathy arousal and emotional reactions to victims of the gender pay gap.","authors":"Christelle Maisonneuve, Anne Taillandier-Schmitt","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2136058","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2136058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Men and women are well aware of the gender pay gap. The present study involved four experiments (N = 341, student sample, N = 203 general population sample) in which we indirectly measured empathy by asking participants to rate the non-complex and complex emotions they felt when reading a scenario in which a woman described her pay situation. Experiments 1 (equal pay vs. unequal pay) and 2, 3 & 4 (angry vs. depressed reaction to pay inequality) investigate differences in empathy arousal between men and women by assessing their emotions. Globally, both men and women identified correctly emotions expressed by the women victim of pay inequity. On complex emotions, women express more other suffering emotions than men, only in Experiment 4. Coupled with expression of guilt/shame for men only, these results are discussed in the perspective of future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40478272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Navigating race in a racially diverse environment: An experience sampling study on the daily use of race in conversations within Hawaii. 在多元种族环境中驾驭种族：夏威夷日常对话中使用种族的经验取样研究。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2159783
Chanel Meyers, Sabrina Thai, Kristin Pauker
{"title":"Navigating race in a racially diverse environment: An experience sampling study on the daily use of race in conversations within Hawaii.","authors":"Chanel Meyers, Sabrina Thai, Kristin Pauker","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2159783","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2159783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the United States grows more racially diverse, it is imperative to understand whether being in a racially diverse environment impacts conversations about race. This study examines whether exposure to, and interactions with racially diverse others relate to whether people talk about race, the frequency with which people talk about race, and their comfort with doing so within the racially diverse context of Hawaii. We employed experience sampling to measure whether people had conversations about race, how frequently conversations about race occurred and their comfort in those conversations, and whether their exposure to and interactions with racially diverse others predicted these behaviors. Exposure to and interactions with racially diverse others were not significant predictors of race-related conversations (and their comfort with said conversations). However, interactions with racially diverse <i>friends</i> was related to greater likelihood of discussing race, more frequent discussions of race, and more comfort with race-related conversations. These findings illustrate the importance that interactions with cross-race friends have for improving intergroup relations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10497640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Masking the truth: the impact of face masks on deception detection. 掩盖真相：面罩对欺骗检测的影响。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2195092
Daniella K Cash, Laura A Pazos
{"title":"Masking the truth: the impact of face masks on deception detection.","authors":"Daniella K Cash, Laura A Pazos","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2195092","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2195092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Because of the pandemic, face masks have become ubiquitous in social interactions, but it remains unclear how face masks influence the ability to discriminate between truthful and deceptive statements. The current study manipulated the presence of face masks, statement veracity, statement valence (positive or negative), and whether the statements had been practiced or not. Despite participants' expectations, face masks generally did not impair detection accuracy. However, participants were more accurate when judging negatively valenced statements when the speaker was not wearing a face mask. Participants were also more likely to believe positively rather than negatively valenced statements.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9262693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceptions of women who confront hostile and benevolent sexism. 面对敌意和善意性别歧视的女性的看法。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2173554
Jordana E Schiralli, Alison L Chasteen
{"title":"Perceptions of women who confront hostile and benevolent sexism.","authors":"Jordana E Schiralli, Alison L Chasteen","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2173554","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2023.2173554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the differences between confronting explicitly negative (hostile) vs. subjectively positive (benevolent) forms of sexism. Across three studies (<i>N</i> = 1315), we test a) whether confronting benevolent sexism is more costly for women than confronting hostile sexism and b) whether confronting some subtypes of benevolent sexism are more costly than others. We compared confrontations and non-confrontations of hostile sexism, benevolent sexism involving complementary gender differentiation (CGD), and benevolent sexism involving protective paternalism (PP). Surprisingly, confronting benevolent sexism was not more costly than confronting hostile sexism; a finding that replicated across studies and in two different contexts. Confronters of PP were evaluated more positively than confronters of CGD, but only when CGD embodied themes of gender essentialism (i.e., beliefs that men and women are naturally different). Confronters were mostly evaluated favorably relative to non-confronters and especially among women. Results imply that confronting benevolent sexism may have fewer consequences than anticipated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10754204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceived changes in trait attributions to others and the self. 对他人和自我特质归因的感知变化。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2136060
David M Sanbonmatsu, Taylor Adams, Paul H White
{"title":"Perceived changes in trait attributions to others and the self.","authors":"David M Sanbonmatsu, Taylor Adams, Paul H White","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2136060","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2136060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A study was conducted to examine the perceived changes in the impressions of others or self on 133 trait dimensions. Attributions to others were reportedly more negative over time whereas attributions to self were more positive over time. Perceived changes in others' traits appear to be guided by basic behavioral inference processes. Trait beliefs about others tend to be revised when the traits are common and disconfirming behavior is infrequent and more diagnostic. Positive trait impressions of others change more frequently because they are more prevalent and because negative behaviors (that disconfirm positive attributions) are less frequent and more diagnostic than positive behaviors. In contrast, revisions of trait impressions of the self appear to be driven heavily by self-evaluation motivations such as the desire to see self-improvement. The favorableness of changes in trait self-concepts were positively correlated with self-esteem. The consequences of the observed patterns of attributional change for interpersonal relations are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40490539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The coping strategies of individuals in multiple jeopardy settings: the case of unemployed older women. 多重危险环境中的个人应对策略：失业老年妇女的案例。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Epub Date: 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2143313
André Ndobo, Alice Faure, Jean-Michel Galharret, Elisa Sarda, Leslie Debont
{"title":"The coping strategies of individuals in multiple jeopardy settings: the case of unemployed older women.","authors":"André Ndobo, Alice Faure, Jean-Michel Galharret, Elisa Sarda, Leslie Debont","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2143313","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2143313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research investigates the harmful consequences of discrimination on self-esteem and examines the coping options of individuals belonging to several stigmatized groups (i.e., unemployed older women) within the multiple jeopardy perspective. Our sample comprised 420 individuals selected by age, gender and professional status. We tested whether the positive and negative links between discrimination and psychological distress induced by discrimination, would vary according to the number of disadvantaged categories individuals belong to. An analysis of the mediating role of some coping options was also conducted. Overall, the results support most of our hypotheses and suggest that the assumed impact of perceived discrimination on psychological outcome increase with the cumulation of discriminations. We also found that, among the various coping options used by individuals in our sample, commitment, but not age-group identification, mediated the links between the cumulated discrimination and self-esteem. The discussion addresses issues related to workplace discrimination in light of the multiple jeopardy perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":48205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40490752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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