Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung最新文献_第3页

Meta-analytic evidence for the complex mechanisms underlying congruency sequence effect.

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02093-5

Yunji Lee, Paul Verhaeghen, Eliot Hazeltine, Eric H Schumacher

{"title":"Meta-analytic evidence for the complex mechanisms underlying congruency sequence effect.","authors":"Yunji Lee, Paul Verhaeghen, Eliot Hazeltine, Eric H Schumacher","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02093-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02093-5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The congruency sequence effect (CSE) refers to a reduction in the congruency effect after incongruent trials compared to congruent trials in a conflict-inducing task. There is an ongoing debate about the mechanisms underlying the CSE.Methods: To help inform this debate, we conducted a meta-analysis of the relevant CSE studies published in the past 31 years (from 1992 to 2023). By measuring the mean effect sizes from various tasks and procedures, we examined to what extent the CSE results from top-down or bottom-up mechanisms and to what extent these mechanisms are local to the tasks performed or global to the experiment.Results: Results demonstrate that while the CSE was larger for studies that included bottom-up confounds (Hedges' g = 1.28), it was still robust and significant for studies that controlled for these confounds (Hedges' g = 0.95). Additionally, CSE was significant both within (Hedges' g = 1.54) and between tasks (Hedge's g = 0.27), but the effect was larger within a task. This suggests that the mechanisms driving the CSE affect both local and global control mechanisms. Furthermore, the current meta-analysis suggests that the congruency effect and CSE may not result from the same control mechanisms. Lastly, given that bottom-up confounds are easily controlled for in the prime probe and temporal flanker tasks, which produced a large CSE (Hedges' g = 1.13), these may be useful procedures to use to address future questions for CSE.Conclusion: Overall, the present meta-analysis provides converging evidence for conclusions from previous studies of the CSE and highlights the complex factors that produce this effect.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects.

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6

Nils Tobias Böer, Christoph Schütz, Matthias Weigelt, Iris Güldenpenning

{"title":"How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects.","authors":"Nils Tobias Böer, Christoph Schütz, Matthias Weigelt, Iris Güldenpenning","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6","url":null,"abstract":"The execution of incompatible actions imposes costs on action planning, commonly known as response-response incompatibility-costs. This phenomenon is also evident in sports: A basketball player who performs a pass in one direction whilst orienting the head into the contrary direction (pass with head fake) needs more time to initiate the action as if pass direction and head orientation are the same (pass without head fake).The aim of this study was twofold: First, we present a re-analysis of the data from Böer et al. (Psychological Research 88:523-524, 2024) using mixture effect modelling (Miller, Behavior Research Methods 38:92-106, 2006) explore if fake-production costs manifest continuously (uniform effect) in all participants or if some participants show fake-production costs occasionally but substantially (mixed effect). Second, we collected data of a control group which was analysed with the previous data of the practice group and fitted initiation times (ITs) to an ex-Gaussian distribution.The analysis of mixture effects revealed that most participants exhibited a uniform effect when they didn't have time to mentally prepare the movement. This pattern was not changed by practice, suggesting fake-production costs can't be overcome by practice alone without mental preparation time.The analysis of mean ITs revealed improvements in the practice group but not in the control group, independent of the type of pass performed. The distribution analyses complemented these findings as it showed that the improvement in participants' performance with increasing practice can mainly be attributed to a reduction of the exponential part of the distribution (parameter tau).","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attentional bias and math avoidance: insights from a developmental sample.

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02089-1

Alessandro Cuder, Eleonora Doz, Orly Rubinsten, Maria Chiara Passolunghi, Sandra Pellizzoni

{"title":"Attentional bias and math avoidance: insights from a developmental sample.","authors":"Alessandro Cuder, Eleonora Doz, Orly Rubinsten, Maria Chiara Passolunghi, Sandra Pellizzoni","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02089-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02089-1","url":null,"abstract":"Stimuli perceived as threatening subtly influence how individuals orient their attention, a phenomenon labelled as attentional bias. According to literature, individuals with negatives attitudes toward math would exhibit attentional bias when presented with math-related stimuli. However, attentional bias and its relationships with math anxiety, math self-efficacy, and math skills are understudied, particularly when considering developmental samples. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to assess attentional bias toward math stimuli (i.e., math vs. neutral words) and to evaluate its relationship with math anxiety, math self-efficacy and math skills in fifth and sixth grade students (Mmonths = 135.84; SDmonths = 7.53) tested in January 2023. Findings indicated that children who were more anxious and had lower levels of math self-efficacy and math skills appeared to avoid math stimuli in an attentional bias task. Furthermore, dominance analysis showed that math self-efficacy made the largest average contribution in attentional bias scores, suggesting that motivational constructs would play a central role in the observed attentional bias avoidance patterns. Results could potentially generalize developmental age samples, providing new insight into how avoidance behaviors, even for stimuli that are not purely numerical, would influence children's attentional processes rapidly and automatically, posing a risk factor for maintaining negative attitudes toward math.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive, Neurophysiological, and Behavioral Adaptations in Golf Putting Motor Learning: A Holistic Approach. 高尔夫推杆运动学习中的认知、神经生理学和行为适应：整体方法。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02091-7

Narges Abdoli, Alireza Saberi Kakhki, HamidReza Taheri Torbati, Majid Ghoshuni, Thomas Schack

{"title":"Cognitive, Neurophysiological, and Behavioral Adaptations in Golf Putting Motor Learning: A Holistic Approach.","authors":"Narges Abdoli, Alireza Saberi Kakhki, HamidReza Taheri Torbati, Majid Ghoshuni, Thomas Schack","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02091-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02091-7","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Research indicates that the development of cognitive structures significantly influences motor learning. However, this perspective overlooks the broader nature of motor learning, which encompasses not only cognitive changes but also neurophysiological and behavioral factors. This study aims to simultaneously examine the intricate motor learning process through cognitive, neurophysiological, and behavioral lenses to achieve a more comprehensive understanding.Methods: Thirty participants were randomly assigned to either a practice group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 15) and tested at pre-, post-, and retention tests. The practice group underwent an acquisition phase involving three practice days (3 × 100 trials of a golf putting task), while the control group did not participate.Results: A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to group the basic action concepts into a coherent hierarchical structure, represented as a dendrogram. This dendrogram illustrated the relationships between basic action concepts. Analysis of mean group dendrograms revealed a significant increase in the organization of the cognitive structure within the practice group. EEG results indicated that the practice group's low and high alpha power increased significantly in frontal, central, and parietal areas (p < .05). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that the practice group's motor performance errors decreased significantly (p < .05), while no changes were observed in the control group.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that motor learning involves simultaneous cognitive, neurophysiological, and behavioral adaptations. It appears that the motor learning process involves gradually constructing these structures over time, providing an extensive understanding of the motor learning process.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Switch cost in arithmetic operations and its relation to math anxiety. 算术运算中的转换成本及其与数学焦虑的关系。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02086-4

Yarden Gliksman, Shir Levy

{"title":"Switch cost in arithmetic operations and its relation to math anxiety.","authors":"Yarden Gliksman, Shir Levy","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02086-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02086-4","url":null,"abstract":"Math fluency is the ability to efficiently solve known arithmetic exercises, and it is one of the building blocks for academic achievements and daily use. Math fluency is assessed by how many exercises individuals can solve correctly in a limited time, requiring switching from one exercise to another. Switching is one of the executive functions and involves flexibility and adaptation to changing circumstances. Switching is measured through switch cost, which represents the difference in performance between executing the same task sequentially and switching between tasks. The current study examines the switch cost in math fluency. Participants, students from higher academic institutions, performed a math fluency test applied by the Ben-Gurion University Math Fluency (BGU-MF) tool, which included simple arithmetic exercises of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. In Experiment 1, we examined the switch cost for each operation, and between pairs of operations, among 135 students (age 19 to 34). Results showed that the switch cost differs among different operations. Moreover, switch costs occur when alternating between complementary operations, but not between operations that rely on the same cognitive mechanisms, such as retrieval or calculation. In Experiment 2, we examined the switch cost in math fluency among 54 students (age 21 to 34) with high- vs. low- math anxiety. High math anxiety participants presented poorer performance in math fluency, as measured by accuracy rates and reaction times, and a larger switch cost. Our results fit the Attentional Control Theory (ACT) which suggests that anxiety impairs the executive functions. The effects of dominance, familiarity, difficulty, mental sets and executive functions on the switch cost in math fluency are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The presence of the reverse distance effect depends on the familiarity of the sequences being processed.

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02090-8

Declan Devlin, Korbinian Moeller, Iro Xenidou-Dervou, Bert Reynvoet, Francesco Sella

{"title":"The presence of the reverse distance effect depends on the familiarity of the sequences being processed.","authors":"Declan Devlin, Korbinian Moeller, Iro Xenidou-Dervou, Bert Reynvoet, Francesco Sella","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02090-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02090-8","url":null,"abstract":"Number order processing is thought to be characterised by a reverse distance effect whereby consecutive sequences (e.g., 1-2-3) are processed faster than non-consecutive sequences (e.g., 1-3-5). However, there is accumulating evidence that the reverse distance effect is not consistently observed. In this context, the present study investigated whether the presence of the reverse distance effect depends on the familiarity of the sequences being processed. Supporting this proposal, Experiment 1 found that the reverse distance effect was only present when the presented consecutive sequences were considerably more familiar than the presented non-consecutive sequences. Additionally, the sequence 1-2-3 has been suggested to play a pivotal role in the presence of the reverse distance effect due to being both the most familiar and fastest processed sequence. However, it is contested whether 1-2-3 is processed fast because it is familiar or simply because it can typically be verified as ordered from only its first two digits. Supporting the familiarity explanation, Experiments 2 and 3 found that 1-2-3 was processed characteristically fast regardless of whether it could be verified from its first two digits. Taken together, these findings suggest that sequence familiarity plays a critical role in the presence or absence of the reverse distance effect.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11870951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age-related changes in attentional selection: revealing processes underlying the degradation of task set quality.

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02087-3

Mariana Burca, Nabil Hasshim, Pierre Chausse, David Clarys, Ludovic Ferrand, François Maquestiaux, Benjamin A Parris, Laetitia Silvert, Maria Augustinova

{"title":"Age-related changes in attentional selection: revealing processes underlying the degradation of task set quality.","authors":"Mariana Burca, Nabil Hasshim, Pierre Chausse, David Clarys, Ludovic Ferrand, François Maquestiaux, Benjamin A Parris, Laetitia Silvert, Maria Augustinova","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02087-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02087-3","url":null,"abstract":"The present study further explored the age-related changes in attentional selection, first reported by Jackson and Balota Jackson and Balota (Psychology and Aging 28:3, 2013). To this end, response stimulus interval (RSI) was manipulated in in a Stroop paradigm that allows to isolate different components of the overall Stroop effect. The originally reported reduction of the overall Stroop effect in short (vs. long) RSI was successfully replicated. In line with the original claim that the ability to maintain the relevant task set consistently across time is preserved in older adults, this reduction failed to interact again with age - a null result that was uniquely supported in the present study with Bayesian evidence. Although healthy aging affected all components of the overall Stroop effect, the present study further identified interference and a disproportionally larger semantic conflict effect, as being the primary mechanisms behind the larger overall Stroop effect that older adults produce compared to younger adults. These results therefore directly fuel the original conclusion of Jackson and Balota Jackson and Balota (Psychology and Aging 28:3, 2013) that age-related differences in attentional selection are due the degradation of task set quality, namely a lesser ability of older adults to control interference. The present study additionally showed this reduced control of interference directly and identified where in the processing stream it occurs. The immediate implication that challenges the dominant unitary models of Stroop performance, is that future interventions designed to boost interference control in older adults should most likely target semantic, as opposed to response conflict.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of response inhibition on the aftereffects of completed prospective memory. 反应抑制对完成前瞻性记忆后效的影响

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02088-2

Jiaqun Gan, Yunfei Guo, Enguo Wang

{"title":"The effect of response inhibition on the aftereffects of completed prospective memory.","authors":"Jiaqun Gan, Yunfei Guo, Enguo Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02088-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02088-2","url":null,"abstract":"The aftereffects of completed prospective memory (PM) refer to the phenomenon that, after PM task completion, it interferes with the subsequent task or results in the repetition of the previous intended behavior. Inhibition processing and monitoring processing are two important theoretical perspectives to explain the emergence of the aftereffects of PM. The present study aimed at exploring the processing mechanisms of PM aftereffects. In experiment 1, the response delay time was manipulated during the intention response to assess the role of response inhibition in the aftereffects of PM. In experiment 2, the convenience of response was manipulated by changing different response keys during task response phase, to further examine the effect of response inhibition. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the response speed of the ongoing tasks in the experimental group was slower than that in the control group under the non-delay condition. The results of Experiment 2 also showed that both convenient response group and inconvenient response group had slower response speed than control group. The results of Experiment 1 showed that more commission errors were generated under the delay condition. The results of the ongoing tasks indicate that PM aftereffects involve a controlled processing in both experiments. The results of commission errors in Experiment 1 indicate that the controlled processing involved in PM aftereffects is inhibition rather than monitoring, which supports the inhibition view.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Open hands, large numbers: manual gestures influence random number generation.

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02085-5

Caterina Villani, Glenn De Muynck, Anna M Borghi, Luisa Lugli, Bodo Winter

引用次数: 0

Assessing the limits on size-pitch mapping reveals the interplay between top-down and bottom-up influences on relative crossmodal correspondences.

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02082-8

Allegra Indraccolo, Claudia Del Gatto, Tiziana Pedale, Valerio Santangelo, Charles Spence, Riccardo Brunetti

{"title":"Assessing the limits on size-pitch mapping reveals the interplay between top-down and bottom-up influences on relative crossmodal correspondences.","authors":"Allegra Indraccolo, Claudia Del Gatto, Tiziana Pedale, Valerio Santangelo, Charles Spence, Riccardo Brunetti","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02082-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02082-8","url":null,"abstract":"Certain sensory dimensions, such as visual size and auditory pitch, are consistently associated, resulting in performance facilitation or inhibition. The mechanisms underlying these crossmodal correspondences are still the subject of debate: The relative or absolute nature of crossmodal mappings is connected to this debate, as an absolute mapping points to a bottom-up process, whereas a relative one is evidence of stronger top-down influences. Three experiments were conducted (including overall N = 207 participants), based on two different tasks, designed to explore a wide range of size-pitch crossmodal mappings. In Experiment 1, the participants were instructed to freely manipulate stimuli varing along a given dimension to 'match' the other. The results revealed evidence for a quasi-absolute mapping, but the correspondences shifted depending on the participants' auditory or visual attentional focus. In Experiment 2, the participants performed a visual speeded categorization task, involving a wide range of auditory task-irrelevant pitches, including the \"preferred\" ones, estimated on the basis of the results of Experiment 1. The results revealed a rather relative mapping, corroborating a top-down influence on the correspondence effect. Experiment 3 was designed to determine whether the relative mapping involved has boundary. The results confirmed that the larger the interval between pitches (i.e., more perceptually salient), the stronger the congruence effect, thus highlighting bottom-up facilitation. Taken together, these findings reveal that the size-pitch correspondences are sensitive to task-related top-down factors, as well as to stimulus-related bottom-up influences, ultimately revealing the adaptive nature of this kind of multisensory integration.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0