Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung最新文献_第2页

External focus strategy improves visuomotor control of gait in older adults. 外焦点策略改善老年人步态的视觉运动控制。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02122-3

Toby C T Mak, Thomson W L Wong, Melody C Y Leung, Duo W C Wong, Debbie C L Chan, Shamay S M Ng

{"title":"External focus strategy improves visuomotor control of gait in older adults.","authors":"Toby C T Mak, Thomson W L Wong, Melody C Y Leung, Duo W C Wong, Debbie C L Chan, Shamay S M Ng","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02122-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02122-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Few studies have adopted external focus strategies to mitigate the negative effects of conscious movement processing in older adults. We investigated whether a single-session intervention (SSI) using an external focus could improve gait stability and visual search behaviors during adaptive locomotion in older adults.Methods: We randomly allocated 112 older adults to either an external focus (EXT, n = 56) or a control group (CON, n = 56). Participants performed an obstacle circumvention walking task along an 8-m walkway for five trials at pre-intervention (T0), post-intervention (T1), and retention (T2). The training phase consisted of 20 walking trials with obstacle circumvention. EXT focused on digits displayed on monitors at their path destinations during walking, while CON walked naturally without any specific instructions. Gait kinematics (i.e., gait variabilities and body sway) and visual search data were collected at T0, T1, and T2.Results: Only EXT reduced body sway and variability of spatial and temporal gait parameters, while increasing gait speed when comparing T1 and T2 to T0. EXT also reduced the number of visual fixation and fixation duration percentage on the ground while increasing fixation duration percentage on the destination when comparing T1 and T2 to T0.Conclusions: This study is the first to explore SSI with an external focus in older adults, providing evidence of significant improvements in gait stability and visual search behaviors that facilitate feedforward planning. Practicing with an external focus strategy could be recommended as an adjunctive psychomotor approach in clinical settings to enhance visuomotor performance in older adults.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is letter position coding a unique skill for developing and adult readers in early word processing? Evidence from masked priming. 字母位置编码是早期文字处理的发展中和成年读者的独特技能吗？来自掩蔽启动的证据。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02080-w

Pablo Gómez, Ana Marcet, Francisco Rocabado, Manuel Perea

{"title":"Is letter position coding a unique skill for developing and adult readers in early word processing? Evidence from masked priming.","authors":"Pablo Gómez, Ana Marcet, Francisco Rocabado, Manuel Perea","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02080-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02080-w","url":null,"abstract":"Reading words in alphabetic scripts requires encoding the relative order of the letters. This process of letter position coding is known to be flexible. For instance, the masked transposed-letter prime jugde activates the word JUDGE to a greater degree than a replacement-letter prime like jupte, a phenomenon known as the transposed-letter effect. In this study, we investigated whether the transposed-letter effect in masked priming is related to reading skills (as measured by a standardized reading test) in a sample of sixth-grade children. Targets (e.g., RITME: Catalan for rhythm) were preceded by identity primes (ritme), transposed-letter primes (rimte), or replacement-letter primes (risle) in a sandwich priming paradigm. Results showed that transposed-letter primes were more effective than replacement-letter primes but less effective than identity primes. More importantly, while the readers' reading skills modulated overall latency and accuracy, we found no evidence that the participants' reading skill modulated the size of the priming effects. This outcome prompted us to re-analyze analogous conditions in a masked priming mega-study with approximately 1000 adult participants (Adelman et al. Behav Res Methods 46(4):1052-1067, 2014), where we found a near-zero correlation between the size of transposed-letter priming and spelling and vocabulary tests. These findings suggest that if there are individual differences in the first moments of word processing, these are not detectable for neurotypical readers in laboratory tasks.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of acute exercise on memory: considerations for exercise duration and participant body mass index. 急性运动对记忆的影响：考虑运动时间和参与者的身体质量指数。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02120-5

Zakary Patrick, Myungjin Jung, Terry McMorris, Paul D Loprinzi

{"title":"The effects of acute exercise on memory: considerations for exercise duration and participant body mass index.","authors":"Zakary Patrick, Myungjin Jung, Terry McMorris, Paul D Loprinzi","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02120-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02120-5","url":null,"abstract":"Acute moderate-intensity exercise has been demonstrated to improve memory performance. It is less clear, however, whether the duration of acute exercise and body mass index (BMI) may moderate this effect. Thus, the purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of differing exercise durations (20- and 40-minutes) on immediate and long-term memory performance, while considering BMI as a moderating factor in this exercise duration and memory performance relationship. Twenty-three young healthy adults participated in a within-subjects experiment. Participants completed four different experimental visits including either exercising at a moderate intensity (or standing on a treadmill) for 20- or 40-minutes, followed by an immediate free-recall memory assessment and then a delayed 24-hr recall. Acute moderate-intensity exercise improved memory performance, regardless of the duration of exercise. Further, long-term memory performance was greater for individuals with a higher BMI when they engaged in shorter (20 min) exercise compared to longer (40 min) exercise.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and sensory channel feedback effects in children's number line estimation: evidence from both bounded and unbounded number estimation tasks. 儿童数轴估计的发展和感觉通道反馈效应：来自有界和无界数轴估计任务的证据。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02111-6

Tian-Ge Gao, Meng-Xia Li, Rui Zhang, Qiang Xu, Fu-Qiang Qiao

{"title":"Development and sensory channel feedback effects in children's number line estimation: evidence from both bounded and unbounded number estimation tasks.","authors":"Tian-Ge Gao, Meng-Xia Li, Rui Zhang, Qiang Xu, Fu-Qiang Qiao","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02111-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02111-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare the development and sensory channel feedback effects in number line estimation between children in grades 2 and 4 through two experiments, using both bounded number line estimation (BNLE) tasks and unbounded number line estimation (UNLE) tasks, respectively. Both Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 employed a mixed design of 2 (Grade: Grade 2, Grade 4) × 3 (Feedback Channel: visual feedback, auditory feedback, audio-visual feedback) × 2 (Scale: small, 0-100; large, 0-1000). Grade and feedback channel were between-subjects factors, while scale was a within-subjects factor. The results showed that in the BNLE tasks, children in both grades demonstrate the ability to estimate numbers within the linear representation stage, with grade 2 estimating numbers on the range of 0-100, while grade 4 extends this to the range of 0-1000. However, children in grade 2 are still undergoing the transformation from logarithmic-linear representation to the range of 0-1000 in their number estimation. In the UNLE tasks, grade 4 children showed greater linear model explanatory power within the range of 0-10 and no significant difference in the range of 10-30. Grade 2 children lacked significant linear or logarithmic representation characteristics, suggesting a potential transition phase. Auditory feedback enhanced BNLE task performance, while visual feedback improved UNLE task performance. The findings indicate that primary school children tend to shift from logarithmic to linear representation in both tasks, with higher BNLE task accuracy. Feedback proves beneficial in enhancing estimation accuracy in both types of NLE tasks, and distinctive feedback channel effects emerge in BNLE and UNLE tasks due to the varying strategies employed by children in each task.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial coding of arithmetic operations in early learning: an eye tracking study in first-grade elementary school children. 算术运算的空间编码在早期学习中的应用：一年级小学生眼动追踪研究。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02119-y

Nicolas Masson, Christine Schiltz, Laurie Geers, Michael Andres

{"title":"Spatial coding of arithmetic operations in early learning: an eye tracking study in first-grade elementary school children.","authors":"Nicolas Masson, Christine Schiltz, Laurie Geers, Michael Andres","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02119-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02119-y","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of evidence indicates that mental calculation in adults is accompanied by horizontal attention shifts along a mental continuum representing the range of plausible answers. The fast deployment of spatial attention suggests a predictive role in guiding the search for the answer. The link between arithmetic and spatial functions is theoretically justified by the need to alleviate the cognitive load of mental calculation, but the question of how this link establishes during development gives rise to opposing views emphasizing either biological or cultural factors. The role of education, in particular, remains debated in the absence of data covering the period when children learn arithmetic. In this study, we measured gaze movements, as a proxy for attentional shifts, while first-grade elementary school children solved single-digit additions and subtractions. The investigation was scheduled only a few weeks after the formal teaching of symbolic subtraction to assess the role of spatial attention in early learning. Gaze patterns revealed horizontal- but not vertical- attentional shifts, with addition shifting the gaze more rightward than subtraction. The shift was observed as soon as the first operand and the operator were presented, corroborating the view that attention is used to predictively identify the portion of the numerical continuum where the answer is likely to be located, as adult studies suggested. The finding of a similar gaze pattern in adults and six-year-old children who have just learned how to subtract single digits challenges the idea that arithmetic problem solving requires intensive practice to be linked to spatial attention.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of reward and punishment on the extinction of attentional capture elicited by value-related stimuli. 奖励和惩罚对价值相关刺激引起的注意捕获消失的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02115-2

Francisco Garre-Frutos, Adriana Ariza, Felisa González

{"title":"The effect of reward and punishment on the extinction of attentional capture elicited by value-related stimuli.","authors":"Francisco Garre-Frutos, Adriana Ariza, Felisa González","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02115-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02115-2","url":null,"abstract":"Particular features of the stimuli that predict significant outcomes tend to capture our attention in a rather automatic and inflexible way. This form of attention has been described as a Pavlovian bias that mimics the phenomenon of sign-tracking described in animals, where reward-predictive cues become motivational magnets. In humans, Value-Modulated Attentional Capture (VMAC) refers to a phenomenon where distractors that signal high-value outcomes receive higher attentional priority. VMAC is particularly difficult to extinguish, showing a similar persistence often described in animal sign-tracking. In the present study, we evaluated to what extent VMAC would persist using a more specific extinction procedure than previous research, where instead of removing the possibility of obtaining rewards, the different discriminant stimuli that signal reward equate its value. Furthermore, we manipulated between experiments whether the high-value distractor predicted high-reward and high-punishment contingent to response accuracy (mimicking previous research; Experiment 1) or only high-reward (Experiment 2), and also explored the association of VMAC and its persistence with measures of emotional impulsivity employed in past research. Our results show that when both rewards and punishments are possible, VMAC does not extinguish after an extensive extinction stage, nor is it associated with measures of emotional impulsivity. When punishments were removed, we showed that VMAC gradually extinguished both in response times and accuracy and that the persistence of VMAC was significantly associated with positive urgency. We discussed these results on the potential of punishments to qualitatively alter learning and response strategies employed by participants.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of preparation on binding between spatial and non-spatial features of voices in a multitalker setting. 多语环境下，准备对语音空间特征与非空间特征结合的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02103-6

Amy Strivens, Aureliu Lavric, Elena Benini, Andrea M Philipp, Iring Koch

{"title":"The effect of preparation on binding between spatial and non-spatial features of voices in a multitalker setting.","authors":"Amy Strivens, Aureliu Lavric, Elena Benini, Andrea M Philipp, Iring Koch","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02103-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02103-6","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic switching of attention between voices in multitalker situations is often investigated in paradigms that combine selective listening with 'attention switching'. Participants are presented concurrently with two talkers, a female and a male, and asked to respond to the number spoken by the talker specified on each trial by a cue. A change in the target voice (when compared to listening to the same voice) results in a robust performance 'switch cost'- which can be reduced substantially by increasing the preparation (cue-stimulus) interval. Using dichotic presentation we asked whether preparation also increases the selectivity for the cued (relevant) voice dimension- gender (in one session) or location (in another session). We examined the interaction between the features of the relevant dimension and features of the irrelevant dimension (which varied independently) as a function of preparation. When the two voices (genders) were heard from the same locations as on the preceding trial, performance was better than when genders swapped locations relative to the previous trial- suggesting 'binding' between genders and locations. The key question was whether preparation reduced this binding effect- which would indicate greater dimensional selectivity. We found the opposite- the binding effect was significantly larger when there was more time for preparation. Since preparation reduced the switch cost but increased the binding effect, the results reveal a dissociation between the effect of preparation on the switch cost and on the binding effect. We propose mechanisms by which preparation may enhance the formation of bindings and/or their retrieval.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Repetition increases the perceived truth of inferred statements: evidence from transitive relations and non-transitive relations. 重复增加了推断陈述的感知真实性：来自及物关系和非及物关系的证据。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02117-0

Yixiang Zhou, Yu Ding

{"title":"Repetition increases the perceived truth of inferred statements: evidence from transitive relations and non-transitive relations.","authors":"Yixiang Zhou, Yu Ding","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02117-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02117-0","url":null,"abstract":"The illusory truth effect refers to the phenomenon where repeated statements are more likely to be perceived as true compared to new statements. This effect encompasses not only verbatim repetition but also statements that are implied or inferred from the original. The illusory truth effect can be explained by the referential theory of truth, which posits that when processing a repeated statement, the previously formed coherent network will prompt individuals to judge it as true. Currently, the referential theory of truth still lacks evidence involving contexts with multiple statements. Our study investigates, across three experiments, whether statements inferred from multiple statements are perceived to be more true than new statements. Experiment 1a and 1b tested whether statements derived from transitive inference are judged more truthful. Experiment 2 used materials with non-transitive relations to see if erroneous inferred statements are also seen as more truthful. The results showed that, compared to new statements, statements inferred from the original statements with transitive relations are considered more truthful. More importantly, even when no transitive relations existed between the original statements, individuals still tend to perceive the erroneous inferred statements as more truthful compared to new statements. Our study provides new evidence for the referential theory of truth and highlights the role of inferential relations in establishing semantic network coherence. These findings further highlight the significant impact of the illusory truth effect in real-life situations.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Saccade-induced temporal distortion: opposing effects of time expansion and compression. 眼跳诱发的时间扭曲：时间膨胀和时间压缩的相反效应。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02116-1

Lingyue Chen, Lukasz Grzeczkowski, Hermann J Müller, Zhuanghua Shi

{"title":"Saccade-induced temporal distortion: opposing effects of time expansion and compression.","authors":"Lingyue Chen, Lukasz Grzeczkowski, Hermann J Müller, Zhuanghua Shi","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02116-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02116-1","url":null,"abstract":"Saccadic eye movements, or saccades, can distort our perception of time, as evidenced by the phenomenon of Chronostasis, where the first event after a saccade appears to last longer than it actually does. However, the impact of saccades on events following the first has never been explored. Here, we compared how participants perceived durations of first and second intervals after a saccade with their perceived durations during fixation, where no saccades occurred. We found that saccades lengthened the perceived duration of the first event, confirming Chronostasis. Moreover, when the second event occurred right after the first, its duration was perceived as shorter. Interestingly, when the second event was used as a reference, the Chronostasis effect was even stronger. Notably, this shortening of the second event persisted even when we ruled out processes like the \"attentional blink\" that might interfere with the timing between the two events. Our findings suggest that saccades induce a brief, uneven distribution of attentional processing in time, leading to an overestimation of the first and an underestimation of the second interval when the two intervals occur close together.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Money counts: effects of monetary vs. purely numerical values on the mental representation of quantities. 金钱计数：金钱与纯粹数值对数量的心理表征的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02118-z

Gianluca Grimalda, Giovanni Ottoboni, Alessandro Cappellini, Mario Bonato, Mariagrazia Ranzini

{"title":"Money counts: effects of monetary vs. purely numerical values on the mental representation of quantities.","authors":"Gianluca Grimalda, Giovanni Ottoboni, Alessandro Cappellini, Mario Bonato, Mariagrazia Ranzini","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02118-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02118-z","url":null,"abstract":"It has been established that humans use different cognitive models to represent and process numerical quantities. In this study, we investigated whether the representation of monetary values fundamentally differs from the representation of numbers. We also examined the influence of both socio/economic factors and mathematical ability on such representation. A group of adults (N = 272) were tested anonymously with a variant of the number-to-position task (Siegler & Opfer, 2003). They were asked to position on a horizontal line quantities expressed either in numerical format (e.g., 50) in the \"Number\" conditions or as monetary values (e.g., 50€) in the \"Money\" conditions. The extremes of the line consisted either of specific values (i.e. \"2 or 2€\" and \"503 or 503€\") in the \"Fixed\" conditions or of unspecific concepts of quantity (e.g., \"little\" and \"a lot\") in the \"Fuzzy\" conditions. A linear model, as opposed to a logarithmic one, provided the best fit of group average data in all experimental conditions except for the \"Money-Fuzzy\" condition. The percentages of absolute error were significantly larger for Money stimuli than Number stimuli in both Fixed and Fuzzy conditions. This is consistent with the law of diminishing marginal utility, which entails that the value of monetary quantities is described by a concave curve rather than a linear relationship. As expected from previous research, participants who were more used to spending large quantities of money were closer to the linear representation model. Participants with higher mathematical abilities represented numerical values more closely to a linear model, but no such effect was found for monetary quantities.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 2","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0