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Investigating the Degree to Which Unstructured Socializing With Peers and Delinquency Are Nonlinear. 调查非结构化的同伴社交与犯罪的非线性程度。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0117
Robert J L Archer
{"title":"Investigating the Degree to Which Unstructured Socializing With Peers and Delinquency Are Nonlinear.","authors":"Robert J L Archer","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2023-0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the formulation of Cohen and Felson's (1979) routine activity theory (RAT), Osgood et al. (1996) established a reformulated theory to better explain patterns of situational offense and coined the RAT of general deviance or more commonly known as unstructured socializing with peers (USWP). The present study seeks to explore whether spending more time in USWP may increase antisocial behavior in a nonlinear manner, either accelerating or decelerating. Results showed that the relationship between USWP and property delinquency was found to be nonlinear in a decelerating manner. Similar results were found for the association between USWP and substance use. Finally, the relationship between USWP and violent delinquency was significant, although no evidence was found for nonlinearity. The present study concludes with theoretical implications, limitations, and directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cyberbullying: Risk Factors for Victimization in Rural Schools and the Influence of School Climate. 网络欺凌：农村学校的受害风险因素及学校氛围的影响》（Risk Factors for Victimization in Rural Schools and the Influence of School Climate.
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0115
Ashley Harrison-Pavlik, Mary Louise Cashel, Daryl Kroner
{"title":"Cyberbullying: Risk Factors for Victimization in Rural Schools and the Influence of School Climate.","authors":"Ashley Harrison-Pavlik, Mary Louise Cashel, Daryl Kroner","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0115","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the prevalence rates and risk factors for cyberbullying victimization and perpetration among 7th-12th grade students (<i>n</i> = 3,396) enrolled in 22 public school districts across Southern Illinois. Risk factors included victimization by traditional bullying, gender identity, cell phone use, and social media usage. We also examined perceptions of school climate and safety. We observed that traditional bullying victimization, gender identity, and social media usage predicted cyberbullying victimization. Similarly, perceptions of school climate and safety were significantly and positively correlated with cyberbullying victimization. In turn, perceptions of school climate and safety predicted cyberbullying perpetration. Rurality was a factor uniquely related to perpetration. Specifically, students from non-rural schools reported higher levels of cyberbullying perpetration than did students from rural schools. Our results underscore the need for intervention and prevention programs to focus on all forms of bullying and parental monitoring of social media accounts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"555-570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
College Students' Coercive Sexting and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Shorter- and Longer-Term Relationships. 大学生在短期和长期关系中的胁迫性 Sexting 和亲密伴侣暴力侵害行为。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2024-0065
Mary Christine Jensen, Alisa Renee Garner, Evan Jacob Basting, Alyssa Marie Medenblik, Jacqueline Sullivan, Stella Son, Gregory Lyal Stuart
{"title":"College Students' Coercive Sexting and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Shorter- and Longer-Term Relationships.","authors":"Mary Christine Jensen, Alisa Renee Garner, Evan Jacob Basting, Alyssa Marie Medenblik, Jacqueline Sullivan, Stella Son, Gregory Lyal Stuart","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the moderating role of relationship length on the association between coercive sexting and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Research has supported a positive association between coercive sexting and IPV perpetration (Drouin et al., 2015), though no prior research has examined how relationship length moderates this association. To test this relationship, we administered a multipart questionnaire online to 798 undergraduate participants (79% White, 77% female, <i>M<sub>Age</sub></i> = 19.1 years) currently in a relationship. We assessed physical, psychological, and sexual IPV perpetration. Relationship length moderated the link between coercive sexting and sexual IPV perpetration. More specifically, the association was stronger in longer-term compared to shorter-term relationships. These results carry implications for future research and IPV education and intervention programs, suggesting that they should incorporate coercive sexting into their curriculums and target newer couples.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Initial Witnessing on Future Witnessing: A Mediation Analysis of Chronic Community Violence, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Delinquency in Urban, African American Youth. 最初见证对未来见证的影响：对长期社区暴力、创伤后压力和城市非裔美国青少年犯罪的调解分析。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0067
Kaleigh Wilkins, Maryse Richards
{"title":"Initial Witnessing on Future Witnessing: A Mediation Analysis of Chronic Community Violence, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Delinquency in Urban, African American Youth.","authors":"Kaleigh Wilkins, Maryse Richards","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2022-0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Witnessing community violence can predict negative mental health outcomes for youth such as post-traumatic stress symptoms and delinquent behavior. Such outcomes differ by gender. Variables that predict witnessing community violence in youth are less understood. This study aims to explore potential pathways between initial witnessing and continued witnessing for early adolescents. The relationship between witnessing as a predictor and witnessing as an outcome is hypothesized to be mediated by both post-traumatic stress and delinquency and moderated by gender. A sample of 153 African American, sixth-grade students (<i>M</i>= 11.65, 59% female) in high crime, high poverty areas completed self-report surveys at baseline, 12 and 24 months. Moderated serial mediation was used to assess longitudinal associations. For the full model, delinquency at Time 3 was associated with a positive change in witnessing at Time 3. Gender moderated several paths. For girls, witnessing at Time 1 was predictive of high post-traumatic stress (aggregate) at Time 2 and high delinquency at Time 3. For girls, witnessing at Time 1 also was predictive of higher <i>hyperarousa</i>l and higher <i>intrusion</i> subscale symptoms than other symptoms at Time 2. Analyses also indicated that <i>hyperarousal</i> at Time 2 significantly predicted witnessing at Time 3 for girls only. Lastly, delinquency at Time 3 was associated with a positive change in witnessing at Time 3. For boys, no analyses indicated witnessing at Time 1 as a significant predictor. Results contribute to our understanding of the trajectory of witnessing community violence and the roles both post-traumatic stress subscales and delinquency play in that trajectory, especially among girls.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk Factors and Moderators of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Versus Perpetration Among Women in Spain. 西班牙妇女遭受亲密伴侣暴力侵害的风险因素和调节因素。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2024-0069
Christina M Rodriguez, Doris F Pu, Raquel Conchell, Samantha Gonzalez, Edoardo Modanesi
{"title":"Risk Factors and Moderators of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Versus Perpetration Among Women in Spain.","authors":"Christina M Rodriguez, Doris F Pu, Raquel Conchell, Samantha Gonzalez, Edoardo Modanesi","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0069","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bidirectional intimate partner violence (IPV) appears highly prevalent, but the extant literature, which has been dominated by work in North America, has not adequately accounted for how victimization overlaps with perpetration and how potential resources may interact with risk factors. A community sample of Spanish women completed measures of IPV approval, mental health risk factors (psychological distress and problematic substance use), and interpersonal resources (partner and social satisfaction). Using Mplus accounting for victimization and perpetration overlap, findings indicate that greater psychological distress and substance use were associated with IPV perpetration, and lower IPV approval was linked to victimization. Stronger partner satisfaction did not serve a buffering role but rather interacted to increase IPV perpetration; low social support was associated with victimization and exacerbated risk of perpetration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in Young to Middle Adulthood: Associations With Respondent Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Partner Gender. 中青年时期亲密伴侣暴力的普遍性：与受访者性别、性取向和伴侣性别的关系。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0100
Carolyn Tucker Halpern, Mallory Turner, Meghan E Shanahan, Laurel Sharpless, Adia R Louden, Pooja Deshpande, Sandra L Martin
{"title":"Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in Young to Middle Adulthood: Associations With Respondent Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Partner Gender.","authors":"Carolyn Tucker Halpern, Mallory Turner, Meghan E Shanahan, Laurel Sharpless, Adia R Louden, Pooja Deshpande, Sandra L Martin","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0100","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We estimate past-year physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) prevalence from early to middle adulthood, examining associations with respondent gender, sexual orientation, and partner gender. We used three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. For each wave, we estimated IPV prevalence, stratified by gender, sexual orientation, and partner gender. Findings indicate that diverse-sexual males and females are more likely to experience IPV compared to heterosexuals. Further, diverse-sexual males are less likely to experience physical and sexual IPV if they have a same-gender partner. In contrast, heterosexual males are more likely to experience physical and sexual IPV if they have same-gender partners. All females were more likely to experience physical and sexual violence if they have different-gender partners.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Professionals' Readiness to Manage Violence Against Women. 专业人员管理针对妇女的暴力行为的准备情况。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2021-0191
Raquel Cardoso, José Henrique Pinheiro Ornelas, Marta Silva
{"title":"Professionals' Readiness to Manage Violence Against Women.","authors":"Raquel Cardoso, José Henrique Pinheiro Ornelas, Marta Silva","doi":"10.1891/VV-2021-0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2021-0191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over recent years, community-based responses to domestic violence against women have become an important topic, and there is growing recognition that domestic violence requires a comprehensive response from agencies across a variety of community sectors. When reaching out for help, female survivors of domestic violence need to have access to a broad range of services, empowering professionals to manage violence against women, and coordinated community responses that promotes safety, autonomy, and integration. Since the early 1990s, Portugal has been gradually moving toward a community-based approach to domestic violence against women where local organizations and professionals are major stakeholders of this policy. Besides having had an increased network of services implemented, it is important to examine how prepared service providers are to respond effectively. The current study analyzed how ready professionals in Portugal are to deliver interventions targeting violence against women. A total of 585 professionals from different backgrounds completed a readiness survey. The results revealed that, despite their perceived readiness, professionals are not duly prepared to respond effectively to violence against women. They lack the appropriate knowledge and training to respond effectively to survivors. Hence, further efforts must be made to change professional practices and services to ensure that abuse is recognized, barriers are overcome, and interventions are more effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Children Stop Adult Perpetrators From Unwanted Touching Within an Institutional Setting: Termination Patterns During Sexual Contact Stage. 在机构环境中，儿童如何阻止施暴成人的不当触摸：性接触阶段的终止模式。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0065
Leah Shon
{"title":"How Children Stop Adult Perpetrators From Unwanted Touching Within an Institutional Setting: Termination Patterns During Sexual Contact Stage.","authors":"Leah Shon","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2023-0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This qualitative study analyzes victims' narratives of male-on-male child molestation within the Boy Scouts of America. The focus of previous literature on sex crime victims mostly centered on how to avoid sex offenders based on the offenders' behaviors and effective victims' treatment plans to alleviate their posttrauma as a result of sexual abuse. Yet studies have not provided detailed descriptions of when and how to resist sexual advances to children when such incidents are in progress within youth-oriented institutions. Few have examined victim narratives to discover the dynamics of child molestation, such as physical and verbal interactions between the two parties while sexual touching is occurring. The author used victims' narratives to identify how boy victims responded to unwanted sexual advances by scout leaders within the Boy Scouts of America. Based on qualitative-oriented analysis, this study presents verbal and physical resisting patterns of male victims and the effectiveness of such actions in terminating sexual advances. The findings suggest practical and potential intervention strategies so children know how to stop adult perpetrators from developing unwanted touching within youth-centric institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adults' Recollections of Support and Closeness During Adolescence Amid Interparental Conflict. 在父母间的冲突中，成年人对青春期支持和亲密关系的回忆。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2024-0005
Galit Groper, David Mehlhausen-Hassoen, Zeev Winstok
{"title":"Adults' Recollections of Support and Closeness During Adolescence Amid Interparental Conflict.","authors":"Galit Groper, David Mehlhausen-Hassoen, Zeev Winstok","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined adults' memories of childhood exposure to interparental conflict, including support for and closeness to each parent. Closeness and support were explored based on three dimensions: dyadic concordance types of intimate partner violence (father to mother, mother to father, or both), form of violence (verbal or physical), and sex. This study featured 548 Israeli adults who completed a retrospective questionnaire on their parents' interparental violence, their level of support for each parent during conflict, and their closeness to each parent. The results revealed a notable pattern: adolescents exhibited greater support and closeness toward nonviolent parents compared to violent parents, irrespective of the form of violence. Sex differences emerged across types and severity of violence. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Other Side of the Badge: Police as Victims of Violence. 警徽的另一面：作为暴力受害者的警察。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1891/vv-2024-0035
Kelly Hine,Katelyn Davenport-Klunder
{"title":"The Other Side of the Badge: Police as Victims of Violence.","authors":"Kelly Hine,Katelyn Davenport-Klunder","doi":"10.1891/vv-2024-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/vv-2024-0035","url":null,"abstract":"When considering police within violence and victims research, the emphasis typically falls on the police as responders to victims; however, little research has explored the perspective of police officers as victims of violence themselves. Through a systematic literature review of contemporary assaults toward police, 11 empirical articles were identified and analyzed with 4 main themes emerging: the retaliatory nature of police-citizen dynamics, specific predictors of police assaults, environmental features of assaults, and the impact of assaults. These findings provide evidence-based insights, identify research gaps, and help guide future research agendas, ultimately providing a foundational resource for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and researchers in developing targeted interventions and policies to enhance officers' safety, foster positive police-community relations, and promote a safer and more resilient society.","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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