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Animals as Covictims and More-Than-Property: The Inclusion of Companion Animals in Protection Order Statutes at the State Level in the United States. 作为受害者和财产的动物：将伴侣动物纳入美国州一级的保护令法规。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2024-0004
Amy Fitzgerald
{"title":"Animals as Covictims and More-Than-Property: The Inclusion of Companion Animals in Protection Order Statutes at the State Level in the United States.","authors":"Amy Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article analyzes statutes in 37 U.S. states and Washington D.C. amended to include companion animals in definitions of domestic violence and to enable their inclusion in protection order (POs). The findings indicate that while the inclusion of animal abuse in definitions of domestic violence tends to frame their maltreatment in anthropocentric terms-as a vehicle for harming people-the language and consequences of their inclusion in some PO statutes position them as more-than-property, that is, more as subjects than objects. The analysis documents a temporal trend toward offering greater protections over time, greater bipartisan support for the amendments, and a shift from animals-as-property toward sociolegal recognition of their social membership and the ways their well-being is interconnected with that of the people who care for them.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can Witnessing Domestic Violence Predict Risky Health Behaviors of University Students? 目睹家庭暴力能否预测大学生的危险健康行为？
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0179
Basak Korkmazer, Mehmet Goktug Kılıncarslan, Cetin Toraman, Erkan Melih Sahin
{"title":"Can Witnessing Domestic Violence Predict Risky Health Behaviors of University Students?","authors":"Basak Korkmazer, Mehmet Goktug Kılıncarslan, Cetin Toraman, Erkan Melih Sahin","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2022-0179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various physical, mental, and behavioral disorders are reported among individuals who witness violence. This study was designed to examine university students' risky health behaviors after witnessing domestic violence. In this study, 2,509 university students, selected using the stratified sampling method in terms of sex and study year, were included. Path analysis was performed to examine the relationships between sociodemographic variables and risky health behaviors. We found that witnessing domestic violence directly increased substance abuse and alcohol consumption in the entire study population and partner violence among female participants. By adding the variable of witnessing domestic violence to the equation as a mediator, the effect of sociodemographic characteristics on risky health behaviors changed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mass-Shooting Survivors: Advancing Research and Practice. 大规模枪击案幸存者：推进研究与实践。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2024-0016
Meagan N Abel
{"title":"Mass-Shooting Survivors: Advancing Research and Practice.","authors":"Meagan N Abel","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mass-shooting events are of increasing public and scholarly concern in the United States. While research into the causes of these events and possibilities for prevention is growing, our knowledge of the impacts of mass shootings on survivors is limited. This brief report examines current research on mass-shooting victimization and proposes how adjacent literature can assist in developing a broader knowledge base.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"It's Not Love, Baby Doll. It's Science": Experiences of Trauma Bonding Among Survivors of Sex Trafficking. "这不是爱，宝贝娃娃。这是科学"：性贩运幸存者的创伤结合经历》。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0005
Kaitlin Casassa, Gwen England, Sharvari Karandikar
{"title":"\"It's Not Love, Baby Doll. It's Science\": Experiences of Trauma Bonding Among Survivors of Sex Trafficking.","authors":"Kaitlin Casassa, Gwen England, Sharvari Karandikar","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trauma bonds between sex trafficking survivors and their traffickers or other perpetrators are one of the most complex and least understood concerns facing survivors. This community-based participatory research phenomenological study sought to understand how survivors have experienced trauma bonding. The sample consisted of 19 female survivors who were all participants in or graduates of a human trafficking specialty docket. Two themes emerged from the data. The first theme is the source of the trauma bond, namely who survivors had trauma bonds with. The second theme is features of trauma bonds, which included three subthemes: survivors have experienced trauma bonds (a) as involuntary, (b) as having lingering power, and (c) as consisting of both love and hate. These findings contain significant implications for practice, policy, and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"598-617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Betrayal Trauma and Histrionic Personality Pathology. 背叛创伤与躁狂症人格病理学》（Betrayal Trauma and Histrionic Personality Pathology）。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0206
Matthew M Yalch, Christine L Hujing
{"title":"Betrayal Trauma and Histrionic Personality Pathology.","authors":"Matthew M Yalch, Christine L Hujing","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0206","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histrionic personality disorder is among the most common forms of personality pathology, and recent research has focused on its associations with trauma. This research has focused primarily on the types of traumatic experiences people endure, highlighting the role of sexual trauma in particular. However, recent research on the association between traumatic events and histrionic personality characteristics has not taken into account the role of traumatic experiences characterized by interpersonal betrayal, which research suggests is associated with personality pathology in general. In this study, we examine this, evaluating the association between traumatic experiences with varying degrees of betrayal and histrionic personality characteristics in a sample of men and women recruited online (<i>N</i> = 364). The results suggested that interpersonal trauma <i>without</i> a high degree of betrayal as well as non-interpersonal trauma had positive associations with histrionic personality characteristics, but interpersonal trauma <i>with</i> a high degree of betrayal did not. Further analysis indicated that sexual trauma, both with and without a component of betrayal, was associated with histrionic personality characteristics for women but not men. Study findings add to the research on the potential traumatogenic origins of histrionic personality characteristics and provide numerous directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"588-597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression in the Context of Acute Intoxication and State Emotion Regulation. 急性中毒和状态情绪调节背景下的性侵犯汇合模型》（The Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression in the Context of Acute Intoxication and State Emotion Regulation）。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0131
Lauren Smith, William H George, Elizabeth C Neilson
{"title":"The Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression in the Context of Acute Intoxication and State Emotion Regulation.","authors":"Lauren Smith, William H George, Elizabeth C Neilson","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0131","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the mechanisms underlying sexual aggression perpetration is critical for the development of targeted, evidence-based prevention. The current study evaluates the effects of state emotion regulation (ER), acute alcohol intoxication, and Confluence Model constructs on sexual aggression perpetration intentions. Single, male social drinkers, aged 21-30 years, with a history of sexual risk-taking (<i>N</i> = 90) were randomly assigned to an alcohol (BrAC = 0.1%) or sober control condition and completed measures of hypothetical sexual aggression intentions, state ER, and Confluence Model constructs. Logistic regression demonstrated men high in hostile masculinity expressed significantly greater sexual aggression intentions. In addition, men with poor state ER endorsed significantly greater sexual aggression intentions, although this relationship only held for the men in the sober condition. Results suggest that interventions targeting state ER may be beneficial to sexual aggression perpetration prevention programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"571-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Working With Youth Who Have Experienced Commercial Sexual Exploitation: Voices From the Field. 与遭受商业性剥削的青少年合作：来自实地的声音。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0195
Claire Helpingstine, Maureen C Kenny
{"title":"Working With Youth Who Have Experienced Commercial Sexual Exploitation: Voices From the Field.","authors":"Claire Helpingstine, Maureen C Kenny","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0195","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the experiences of service providers working with youth who have experienced commercial sexual exploitation (CSE). In this qualitative study, 12 service providers shared their experiences working with youth who have experienced CSE. Thematic analysis was used to develop key themes that included the challenges posed by working with this population, including the breadth of necessary services and the type of support that is needed for this work. Participants shared the importance of being prepared to work with this population and learn from those with lived experience. The complexity of cases and the difficulty engaging youth who had experienced CSE were also themes. These results can inform service providers who work with youth about the common challenges in working with this population and prepare the next generation of service providers for this difficult work. Training service providers, managing their expectations, and getting them ready for their role will be critical for successful intervention with youth who have experienced CSE.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"515-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining Ethnoracial Differences in Retention in Evidence-Based Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Military Sexual Trauma. 研究基于证据的军队性创伤后应激障碍治疗中的人种保留率差异。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0069
Peter P Grau, Katherine M Fedele, Michelle A Fernando, Brittany Hall-Clark, Sheila A M Rauch, Katherine E Porter, Minden Sexton
{"title":"Examining Ethnoracial Differences in Retention in Evidence-Based Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Military Sexual Trauma.","authors":"Peter P Grau, Katherine M Fedele, Michelle A Fernando, Brittany Hall-Clark, Sheila A M Rauch, Katherine E Porter, Minden Sexton","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0069","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving and expanding mental health treatment for Veterans who have experienced military sexual trauma (MST) is currently a top priority in Veterans Healthcare Administration. Many of these Veterans develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and there is increasing recognition that diversity is a core treatment consideration for Veterans who have experienced trauma. As such, more information is needed concerning the relationship between trauma-focused treatment attrition and ethnoracial identity in Veterans who have experienced MST. This article presents two studies exploring dropout from a Midwestern Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) PTSD clinic in samples of Veterans who experienced MST. These studies aim to reduce this knowledge gap by contrasting Black and White Veterans' retention in trauma-focused care. In Study 1 (<i>n</i> = 141), we examined ethnoracial differences in dropout in a cohort of treatment-seeking Veterans who experienced MST and engaged in cognitive processing therapy (CPT) in a VA specialty PTSD clinic. In Study 2 (<i>n</i> = 109), we explored the same questions related to treatment attrition in a separate cohort of treatment-seeking Veterans who experienced MST and engaged in prolonged exposure (PE) in a VA specialty PTSD clinic. Results from both studies did not indicate ethnoracial differences in attrition rate (for both total sessions and an 8-week minimally adequate care [MAC] window) across evidence-based PTSD treatment. However, it remains important to consider the impact of racial and cultural factors on retention. Future research should aim to recruit a larger racially and ethnically diverse sample to explore possible varying retention outcomes of CPT and PE for MST-related PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"618-633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do All Victimization Types Cluster? Assessing the Co-Occurrence of Hate Speech With Criminal and Bullying Victimization at School. 所有受害类型都会聚集吗？评估仇恨言论与校园犯罪和欺凌行为的共存性。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0015
Allison Kurpiel
{"title":"Do All Victimization Types Cluster? Assessing the Co-Occurrence of Hate Speech With Criminal and Bullying Victimization at School.","authors":"Allison Kurpiel","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence indicates that poly-victimization relates to greater victim impacts than single-type victimization. A separate body of research finds that victimization motivated by bias is associated with elevated harm. However, little empirical work has assessed whether youth who experience biased victimization are poly-victims, and studies have not sufficiently examined the potentially deleterious effects of experiencing both types of victimization. This study uses nationally representative data to examine the prevalence of school-based crime and bullying victimization among hate speech victims. I then assess the odds of experiencing fear and avoiding places at school across victimization types. The findings reveal that a considerable number of hate speech victims are also bullied and that experiencing any two types of victimization is associated with increased odds of fear and avoidance. These results highlight the importance of targeting biased victimization in anti-bullying programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"534-554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Religious Coping Styles Used by Young Black Women Who Experience DatingViolence. 遭遇约会暴力的年轻黑人女性采用的宗教应对方式。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0092
Katrina J Debnam, Juehyun Shin, Adam J Milam
{"title":"Religious Coping Styles Used by Young Black Women Who Experience DatingViolence.","authors":"Katrina J Debnam, Juehyun Shin, Adam J Milam","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0092","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young Black women experience higher rates of dating violence victimization compared to their White peers. Religion is a cornerstone of African American culture, suggesting that Black women may use religious coping after experiencing trauma like dating violence. However, research has not explored the patterns of religious coping following dating violence experiences. The current study analyzed survey data from 481 young Black women aged 18-19 years on their religious coping behaviors, acceptance of violence beliefs, and dating violence victimization experiences. Results showed that victimization was positively associated with negative religious coping. Findings indicate that one way young Black women cope with dating violence victimization is through feelings of spiritual discontent, and they may see their victimization as a punishment from God.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"634-644"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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