Violence and Victims最新文献

{"title":"Victimization by Nonconsensual Distribution of Intimate Images Is Related to Lower Holistic Well-Being in a Diverse Sample of U.S. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Randi Spiker, Asia A Eaton, Jessica F Saunders","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2023-0146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic pushed many aspects of American life online, including sexual intimacy. Increases in sexting and other forms of virtual intimacy may also have increased the nonconsensual distribution of intimate images (NDII), a form of image-based sexual abuse (IBSA). This study is among the first to quantitatively examine the holistic downstream consequences of NDII victimization among U.S. adults (<i>N</i> = 3,150) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that (a) emerging adults would be more likely to experience NDII during the pandemic than other age groups, (b) that victims would experience more negative downstream consequences than nonvictims across nine health and well-being outcomes, and (c) that victims of marginalized identity groups would experience more severe negative outcomes than their nonvictim peers, as compared to those in more privileged identity groups. Multivariate analyses of variance were used to examine the effects of victimization, gender, race, and sexual orientation on all outcomes. Results supported hypothesis 2 but did not fully support hypotheses 1 and 3. During the pandemic, victims experienced worse well-being on all nine outcomes than nonvictims, and, unexpectedly, some of these outcomes (e.g., alcohol consumption) were further exacerbated in men (vs. women) victims.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Escalation of Stalking Into Homicide: A Thematic Analysis of Offender Behaviors, Policing Failures, and the Requirement for a Stalker's Register and Risk Assessment Tool.","authors":"Grace Clayton, Calli Tzani, Maria Ioannou, Thomas James Vaughan Williams, Rebecca Gunn, Rachel Fletcher","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With stalking and an escalation of such concerning behaviors being highly present in cases of homicide, the current study uses thematic analysis to locate common and uncommon victim demographics, behavioral risk factors, and issues in policing. Gathered from public media sources, 32 cases of stalking that resulted in murder or attempted murder of the victim were examined regardless of jurisdiction or background factors. Females, aged 25 years and below, were most at risk of stalking-homicide conducted by a male perpetrator with whom they held a previous intimate relationship. Common themes within the demographics and behavioral risk factors were developed into a proposed risk factor checklist, while the issues in policing highlighted space for development in the investigation of stalking victims and stalking-homicide cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Young Killers \"Different\"? A Comparison of Young and Older Homicide Offenders.","authors":"Samara McPhedran, Li Eriksson, Paul Mazerolle, Richard Wortley","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2023-0151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limited research has examined whether and how young male homicide offenders differ from older male homicide offenders. This question was investigated using data from the Australian Homicide Project. Offenders were classified as young (15-24 years) or older (25+), based on their age at the time of homicide. Offenders were also categorized depending on victim-offender relationship: friend/acquaintance or stranger. The four age-victim-offender relationship groups (young-friend/acquaintance, young-stranger, older-friend/acquaintance, and older-stranger) were compared across individual, developmental, offending, and contextual variables. The results show that young homicide offenders tend to resemble older homicide offenders more than they differ from them, even when considering different victim-offender relationships. Overall, both young and older male homicide offenders experience a range of dysfunctional and nonnormative, yet nevertheless similar, experiences over the life course.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adulthood Health and Wealth Consequences Associated With Adolescent Victimization: Results From a Longitudinal Sample of Males and Females.","authors":"Akerke Zhakysh, Karina Surayeva, Saltanat Duzbayeva, Rima Dzhansarayeva, Kevin M Beaver","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2022-0089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent victimization is a pervasive problem affecting the lives of hundreds of thousands of youths every year. While victimization in adolescence is relatively widespread, the consequences associated with adolescent victimization are far from benign. Findings from a long line of research have revealed, for example, that being victimized in adolescence can have long-term and serious consequences that are felt throughout the remainder of the life course. The current study sought to replicate and extend prior research by examining whether adolescent victimization is associated with measures of health and wealth in adulthood. To do so, data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were analyzed. An analysis of these data revealed that adolescent victimization is related to measures of adulthood health (i.e., general health and brain-based disorders) and to some measures of wealth (i.e., economic position), but not others (i.e., total assets). Implications of this study for future research are addressed, and limitations to the study are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Intimate Partner Violence in College Health Settings: A Brief Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Research and Practice.","authors":"Shelleta Ladonice, Julie M Olomi, Bethany Backes, Eduarda Santana Santos, Amy Reckdenwald","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This brief review proposes a set of empirically based recommendations for the development and implementation of screening measures for intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault (SA) in campus health settings. We synthesize the current literature on IPV/SA screening practices on college campuses. Given the limited research available on this topic, we also draw on work related to IPV screeners in general health care settings and campus climate surveys. There is limited research on IPV/SA screening practices for college campuses. Findings indicate that IPV/SA screening practices are rare and inconsistent in student health care settings. In addition, there are methodological limitations regarding the utility of general population screeners in college health settings. Recommendations for IPV college screeners are provided and address administration, content, and organizational structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Domestic Violence on the Mental Health of Women and the Response Thereof: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Tanveer Ahmad Zoie, Ganesh Digal","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2023-0160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Domestic violence is a devastatingly pervasive global issue. It endangers women's rights to live a decent life and affects women physically, psychologically, sexually, and economically. The present article is an attempt to systematically study the mental health issues (like anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder) among women victims of domestic violence. Domestic violence is a phenomenon of high prevalence among women, and its impact on their mental health needs further research. This systematic review identifies 35 studies through a search of the research databases on the impact of domestic violence on the mental health of women. Studies showed greater evidence that women victims of domestic violence have developed mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The type of exposure and the victim's time frame or exposure period determine how serious the violence is. The victim's reaction to domestic abuse and its mitigating effect will also be taken into consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Trends in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, Type of Trauma, and Associated Features: A Latent Class Analysis.","authors":"Jeffrey Guina, Ramzi W Nahhas, Michelle Bonnet, Seth Farnsworth","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2022-0119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to identify salient groupings of trauma survivors based on <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i> (<i>DSM</i>)<i>-5</i> posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology. Latent class analysis was used in 365 outpatient mental health trauma survivors. We identified six classes with two spectra-prominent avoidance and negative alterations in cognitions/mood (NACM)-and a resilient class (a plurality). Sexual assaults were more common among avoidance-prominent classes, and suicide attempts and tobacco problems were more common among NACM-prominent classes. Previous studies have found classes differentiated by numbing, but this is the first since numbing was subsumed by <i>DSM-5</i>'s NACM. Our findings suggest that avoidance and numbing are distinct symptoms (consistent with <i>DSM-5</i>) but indicate that current nosology may miss individuals with high numbing and low avoidance despite their distinct suicide risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":"40 2","pages":"235-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationships Between Spirituality, Tendency to Forgive, Social Support, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Stress Among Female Survivors of Sexual Assault.","authors":"Adi Eyal-Hoffman, Michael Weinberg","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0220","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past few years, there has been a growing awareness of the extent and consequences of sexual assault. Sexual assault has long-term consequences for the survivor's mental health and brings into question the resources available to survivors for dealing with the consequences of the assault. The positive effects of spirituality and forgiveness on mental health are well documented; however, few studies have examined how sexual assault survivors use spiritual beliefs and forgiveness to cope with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and stress symptoms. Social support is another resource that has been found to contribute substantially to positive adaptation among trauma survivors. Nevertheless, conflicting results were found regarding the effect of social support on the recovery of sexual assault survivors. Since these resources have a significant impact on individuals who have experienced trauma, the purpose of this study was to examine how these resources relate to the levels of PTSD symptoms and general stress among female survivors of sexual assault. Two hundred and four (<i>N</i> = 204) participants completed a demographic questionnaire and questionnaires about forgiveness, social support, spirituality, PTSD symptoms, and stress. Higher levels of forgiveness, spirituality, and social support were associated with lower levels of PTSD symptoms and stress. A two-step hierarchal regression showed that education, financial status, age at the time of the assault, forgiveness, and social support each contributed significantly to the explained variance of PTSD symptoms. The variability in reported stress could be explained by education, financial status, age at the time of the assault, forgiveness, and spirituality. The study's findings point to the unique roles of forgiveness, spirituality, and social support as beneficial resources for coping with sexual assault. These findings also shed further light on the ways in which these resources can be used to cope with a variety of types of distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"299-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact Assessment Through Interrupted Time Series: Divergent Influences of Stay-at-Home Order on Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Areas in NYC Shooting Incidents.","authors":"Yuxin Zhao, Zhuo Chen, James E Hawdon","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0058","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and stay-at-home (SAH) orders on gun violence in New York City (NYC), with a focus on variations across neighborhood demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Using a 4-year longitudinal and geospatial analysis, we investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors (e.g., poverty, unemployment, and minority presence) and shooting incidents, as well as how SAH orders shaped these trends. A detailed heatmap visualizes the distribution of shooting incidents, revealing concentrations in the Upper Bronx and Central Brooklyn. Hypothesis testing was conducted with a negative binomial regression model using interrupted time series analysis. We found neighborhoods with higher proportions of Black, Hispanic, unemployed, and low-income residents experienced more shootings. Shooting incidents were unusually low at the beginning of the SAH order but increased steadily over time, peaking dramatically after the order was lifted. Unemployment drove a sharp rise in shooting incidents during the SAH period, while poverty contributed to a more sustained impact on violence in the post-SAH period. The findings highlight the disproportionate burden of COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable groups and the evolving influence of SAH orders on gun violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"331-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate Partner Violence, Health, and Relationship Satisfaction Among Arab American Women.","authors":"Katherine A Durante, Eman Tadros, Hanan Zayed","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization/survivorship and the health and well-being of Arab American women remain understudied despite a growing U.S. Arab population. This study examines 164 Arab American women in relationships and their experiences with IPV, self-rated physical and mental health, and relationship satisfaction. Analyses revealed three key findings: (a) IPV victimization is negatively associated with self-rated physical health (including composite, injury, and sexual coercion measures) and relationship satisfaction (including composite, injury, physical assault, and sexual coercion measures), but a negative relationship with mental health has only limited support (i.e., injury measure), (b) Christian and Muslim respondents reported overall similar levels of IPV victimization and physical and mental health, and (c) Muslim women reported lower relationship satisfaction, independent from IPV experiences. The findings reaffirm the call for culturally responsive and tailored programming aimed at eradicating or reducing IPV within Arab American communities. Moreover, increasing research on Arab American women can be an important resource for clinicians supporting this community.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"199-215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}