Violence and Victims最新文献

{"title":"Familial Sex Trafficking of Minors: we are A Study of Scope, Characteristics, and Systemic Challenges Across the U.S. Justice Process.","authors":"Sherri L Wyatt, Jeanne L Allert","doi":"10.1891/VV-2025-0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2025-0094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Familial sex trafficking (FST) was examined as a largely overlooked subcategory of domestic sex trafficking in the United States. This mixed-methods study surveyed 68 justice professionals across 24 states, representing 3,505 confirmed domestic minor sex trafficking cases, of which 917 (26%) involved familial perpetrators as reported by respondents, most commonly biological mothers. Victims were primarily girls aged 10-17 years and were exposed to intergenerational trauma, substance use, poverty, and domestic violence. Qualitative and quantitative data revealed systemic barriers, including inadequate screening tools, limited training, and prosecutorial reluctance. Findings highlighted the justice system's limited capacity to identify and intervene in FST cases. The study emphasized the importance of relationally informed identification strategies, trauma-informed policy reform, and specialized professional education to enhance system responsiveness and improve outcomes for survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactions to Sexual Assault Disclosure Related to Posttraumatic Stress and Depression Symptoms via Self-Compassion Among College Women.","authors":"Selime R Salim, Nicole M LaPlena, Prachi H Bhuptani, Terri L Messman","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Women who disclose sexual assault (SA) may receive positive (supportive) or negative (unsupportive) reactions from others upon disclosure. The study tested indirect effects from negative and positive SA disclosure reactions to posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms via two aspects of self-compassion (compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding) and fear of self-compassion. The presence of child maltreatment was examined as a moderator of all effects. The sample consisted of 300 college women in the United States (<i>M</i> _age = 18.83 years, standard deviation = 1.00; 93.7% White) who had disclosed SA. Path analysis was used with a multigroup approach to test moderation by child maltreatment history. Child maltreatment history moderated the effects in the model. In the no-child-maltreatment group, SA disclosure reactions were not related to compassionate or uncompassionate self-responding, or fear of self-compassion. In contrast, in the any-child-maltreatment group, negative reactions were associated with greater fear of self-compassion and compassionate self-responding, while positive reactions were linked to lower fear of self-compassion. Indirect effects of positive and negative reactions on posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms via fear of self-compassion were significant. Findings suggest that child maltreatment may modify the relations among SA disclosure reactions, compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding, fear of self-compassion, and psychological distress among college women survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Digital Indicators of PTSD and Symptom Cluster Variation.","authors":"Elizabeth Santos, Angel Lee, Armita Azari, Bradley Chamberlin, Elena Stuart, Mikael Rubin","doi":"10.1891/VV-2026-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2026-0062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized into four clusters within the <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i>, Fifth Edition: intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity. Traditional assessment relies on self-report measures and clinician-administered interviews, which are subject to recall bias, limited accessibility, and infrequent administration. Digital biomarkers, defined as objective behavioral and physiological signals from audio and video data, offer an alternative for PTSD assessment. This study investigated whether multimodal digital biomarkers could predict PTSD symptom severity within individual symptom clusters. Participants (<i>N</i> = 52) meeting the <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i>, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (<i>DSM-5-TR</i>) Criterion A completed self-report PTSD assessments (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 [PCL-5]) and provided unstructured video responses to the prompt \"tell me about your day.\" A computational framework extracted over 200 digital biomarkers across visual, acoustic, physiological, and linguistic domains. Feature selection was conducted using the Boruta algorithm, and confirmatory analyses employed Bayesian multivariate multiple regression modeling the four PCL-5 subscales jointly. Multimodal digital biomarkers explained meaningful variance (arousal: 30.4%, intrusion: 28.7%, negative mood: 23.8%, and avoidance: 22.3%); similarly, prediction of total PCL-5 scores explained substantive variance (<i>R</i>² = .30). Variability in chin-raising muscle activity (AU17) emerged as a cross-cluster predictor in three subscales. These findings suggest that digital biomarkers may be informative at both the symptom cluster level and the level of global PTSD severity. Findings are preliminary given the small sample, cross-sectional design, and lack of external validation. Future research should replicate the findings in larger, more diverse samples and explore digital biomarkers on longitudinal symptom monitoring and treatment response tracking.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Resilient Narratives to Empower Survivors of Gender-Based Violence: Exploring Resilience, Recovery, and Strength-Based Approaches.","authors":"Ziwei Qi, Matthias Pearce, Tasanya Rowe","doi":"10.1891/VV-2025-0079","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2025-0079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This qualitative study examines how survivors of gender-based violence describe their own processes of resilience and recovery. Grounded in the resilience portfolio model and the principles of trauma- and violence-informed care, we conducted in-depth interviews with 16 participants, centering their narratives as sites of meaning-making. Rather than treating resilience as an outcome, we approach it as an unfolding process shaped by individual agency, relational support, and structural context. Through reflexive thematic analysis, three interconnected themes emerged: (re)claiming agency, realizing autonomy, and fostering personal growth. These themes reflect not linear stages, but overlapping and emotionally complex practices through which survivors made sense of harm, reasserted control, and reconnected with core values. The findings highlight the emotional labor and intentionality embedded in recovery and underscore the need for approaches that honor how survivors shape healing in ways that are personal, nonlinear, and grounded in choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"570-592"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways of Victimization: Examining Pathways From Early Childhood Victimization by Sex.","authors":"Shelby Gilbreath, Abigail Novak","doi":"10.1891/VV-2025-0078","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2025-0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to examine paths stemming from early childhood victimization, including maltreatment exposure, community violence exposure, and home violence exposure, exploring how these experiences affected middle childhood behaviors and negative outcomes into adolescence, including delinquency, arrest, dropout, and early sexual intercourse. Variation in paths by sex and type of victimization was also explored. Using data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) consortium and multigroup path models, findings suggested differences in paths by sex and victimization type. According to results, composite victimization was broadly associated with a wide range of negative outcomes in adolescence for both boys and girls. By type, maltreatment was more predictive of negative outcomes for girls (including delinquency and early sexual intercourse), while maltreatment and community violence exposure increased the risk of dropout and delinquency for boys. Findings highlight the importance of exploring variations in patterns following early victimization over time and across environments in order to better meet children's needs and prevent long-term negative outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"607-624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Youth Exposure to Incidents in Police Reports by Demographic and Neighborhood Characteristics.","authors":"Julia Waity, Jennifer Vanderminden, Jacqueline Crowell","doi":"10.1891/VV-2025-0076","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2025-0076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youth exposure to violence and crime is often measured through survey data or reports from Child Protective Services, which do not capture the full extent of the problem. In this article, we used administrative data from police incident reports to examine patterns of youth exposure, as victims and witnesses, to crime and violence by youth demographic characteristics (age, race, and gender), location of exposure, and neighborhood social vulnerability. We find roughly the same raw number of incidents by race, though Black youth make up under 15% of the population within the study area. Looking at the data spatially, neighborhood social vulnerability is associated with higher incidents and multiple locations per youth. The results indicate that demographic and neighborhood factors impact youth exposure to incidents.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"625-640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors for Child Sexual Abuse in Six South Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Samata Nepal, Alok Atreya, Kishor Adhikari, Ram Bahadur Shrestha, Ahana Shrestha, Amrita Ghimire, Ritesh G Menezes","doi":"10.1891/VV-2025-0082","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2025-0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a pervasive issue with significant global health implications. It can lead to severe physical, psychological, and social consequences that can extend to adult life. This review was conducted to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for CSA among children <18 years of age in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A random-effects model and Jamovi (ver. 2.3.28.0) software were used for statistical analysis. Out of 284 identified records, 11 studies from India, Nepal, and Pakistan were included, while no eligible studies were identified for Bangladesh, Bhutan, or Afghanistan. The pooled prevalence was 6.23% (95% confidence interval [1.9, 10.5]), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 99.73%). Key risk factors identified included lack of parental supervision, unsafe environments, sex disparities, and socioeconomic vulnerabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"641-658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146198129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meaning-Making After Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence Among Young Sexual Minority Men: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Jae Eun Kwak, Christopher B Stults","doi":"10.1891/VV-2025-0081","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2025-0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young sexual minority men (YSMM) are at elevated risk for intimate partner violence (IPV) but often underreport IPV experiences and face barriers to help-seeking due to systemic discrimination and internalized stigma. Using Consensual Qualitative Research methodology, we analyzed interviews with 26 YSMM to explore how they make sense of past IPV. Five emergent themes reflected adaptive (increased understanding of IPV, posttraumatic growth, and awareness of desensitization to violence) and maladaptive (minimization of violence and pervasive distrust) meaning-making. Abuse was often recognized only after the relationship ended (often through therapy) and shaped by earlier IPV exposure. Findings underscore the urgent need for culturally responsive IPV services that address the psychological and structural barriers YSMM of color face, including intersecting forms of marginalization that silence help-seeking and delay recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"534-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146198149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Associations Between Experiential Avoidance, Social Support, and Posttraumatic Growth.","authors":"Julia C Sager, Rachel A Wamser","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0181","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although social support is a robust predictor of posttraumatic growth (PTG), little is known about internal mechanisms that might play a role in this relationship. Experiential avoidance (EA) may be particularly relevant given that avoidance can interfere with trauma recovery and inhibit meaning-making and growth. The current study examined EA as a moderator of the relationship between social support and PTG among 398 trauma-exposed adults. EA moderated the relationship between social support and PTG. Average and high levels of EA evinced strong positive associations between social support and PTG, while the significant relationship between social support and PTG disappeared at low levels of EA. Reducing EA and/or bolstering social support may enhance levels of PTG among trauma survivors with high levels of EA.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"593-606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Trafficking Myths and Realities: Insights From NGO Support Workers in Southern Spain.","authors":"Alberto Paramio, Ricardo Tejeiro, Sofía Albiol-Townsend","doi":"10.1891/VV-2025-0070","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2025-0070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human trafficking (HT) is often misunderstood due to public myths and media distortion, which hinder effective identification of and support for victims. This study employed thematic analysis of interviews with 10 participants who had several years of experience providing voluntary professional support (social, psychological, or legal) in nongovernmental organizations assisting victims of HT in southern Spain. The interviews explored participants' perceptions of trafficking myths, their professional experiences with victims, and their views on how trafficking is represented and understood by the public and institutions. Seven key themes were identified: dehumanization and exploitation, victim profiles, recruitment methods, social normalization and concealment, institutional blind spots, structural inequality, and trafficking myths. The findings highlight the need for improved public education, more nuanced media portrayals, and policy reforms that reflect the complex realities of HT. These insights can inform more inclusive and effective interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"553-569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}