Journal of Behavioral Decision Making最新文献_第5页

Exploring the Impact of Decoys on Decision-Making by Young Children 探索诱饵对幼儿决策的影响

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2385

Audrey E. Parrish, Jillian Dawes, Hannah L. Thompson

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Decoys on Decision-Making by Young Children","authors":"Audrey E. Parrish, Jillian Dawes, Hannah L. Thompson","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2385","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The asymmetric dominance effect (or decoy effect) is a decision-making phenomenon that occurs when preference for a target alternative shifts with the addition of a similar, yet inferior alternative dubbed the decoy. Despite the considerable number of studies examining the decoy effect with adult humans and animals, there is comparatively less research on context effects within the developmental domain. In this study, we explored the impact of a decoy on choice behavior by young children (3–9 years old) using a preferential choice task as well as a perceptual discrimination task. Introduction of an inferior decoy impacted choice behavior across 2-alternative (binary) versus 3-alternative (trinary) sets, such that inclusion of the dominated decoy in expanded sets decreased selection of the superior target alternative. This pattern of results indicates a reversal of the standard attraction effect, also known as the repulsion effect. We discuss these findings in light of the adult and comparative literatures on decoy effects as well as call for additional developmental studies exploring the impact of inferior alternatives in multialternative decision-making.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proud to Be Dishonest: Emotional Consequences of Altruistic Versus Egoistic Dishonesty 以不诚实为荣：利他主义与利己主义不诚实的情感后果

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2386

Shaked Shuster, Tal Eyal, Shahar Ayal, Simone Moran

{"title":"Proud to Be Dishonest: Emotional Consequences of Altruistic Versus Egoistic Dishonesty","authors":"Shaked Shuster, Tal Eyal, Shahar Ayal, Simone Moran","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2386","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We explore and demonstrate the anticipated and actual emotions that are experienced by individuals who engage in dishonest behaviors that benefit others (altruistic dishonesty) versus the self (egoistic dishonesty), and primarily focus on the positive emotion of pride. Across three preregistered experiments (one scenario experiment and two incentivized behavioral ones), we found that engaging in altruistic dishonesty was not only more prevalent than egoistic dishonesty but also evoked more pride and less guilt and shame. Interestingly, the increase in pride and decrease in guilt and shame when cheating solely for the benefit of others were attenuated when participants cheated for the benefit of both others and themselves. These findings shed further light on the emotional processes involved in dishonesty and highlight the understudied role of pride. The positive association between engaging in altruistic dishonesty and pride may explain the relatively high rates of altruistic dishonesty observed in the current and previous studies, as it suggests that having an altruistic justification may not only enable cheaters to maintain a clear conscience but also even boost how they feel about themselves.</p>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Categorization of Continuous Attributes 连续属性的分类

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2383

Yusu Wang

{"title":"The Categorization of Continuous Attributes","authors":"Yusu Wang","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2383","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A continuous attribute (e.g., calorie count) can be classified into separate categories (e.g., high vs. low), and a similar attribute value can fall into different categories depending on where the category boundaries are drawn. This research explores the effect of categorization on judgments of options (e.g., products and incentive-compatible games) with continuous attributes. I predict and find a systematic preference shift between two options that were presented with different categorization criteria: When two options involve a tradeoff between two continuous attributes, people tend to prefer the option with both attributes classified into the favorable categories given the categorization criteria. I further show that this effect is driven by larger perceived differences between attribute values across category boundaries and is moderated by people's tendency to rely on category information. Overall, this effect holds even when people are highly familiar with the attributes and feel confident to make similarity evaluations, when people are cued that the categories provide little informational value, and when people are incentivized to make deliberate decisions. The findings in this research carry both theoretical and practical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When Prosocial Motives Matter Most: The Interactive Effects of Social Value Orientation, Message Framing, and Helping Costs on Helping Behavior 当亲社会动机最重要时：社会价值取向、信息框架和帮助成本对帮助行为的交互影响

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2384

Tatiana Iwai, Gustavo M. Tavares

引用次数: 0

Measuring Rational Thinking in Adolescents: The Assessment of Rational Thinking for Youth (ART-Y) 测量青少年的理性思维：青少年理性思维评估 (ART-Y)

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2381

Maggie E. Toplak, Keith E. Stanovich

{"title":"Measuring Rational Thinking in Adolescents: The Assessment of Rational Thinking for Youth (ART-Y)","authors":"Maggie E. Toplak, Keith E. Stanovich","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2381","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There has been considerable conceptual and empirical progress on the measurement of rational thinking in adult samples. Studies in developmental samples have demonstrated that many of these domains and paradigms can also be assessed in children and youth, especially in adolescent samples. Here, we present an efficient rationality assessment battery for adolescents and youth—the Assessment of Rational Thinking for Youth (ART-Y). The ART-Y consists of five subtests: Probabilistic and Statistical Thinking, Scientific Thinking, Avoidance of Framing, Knowledge Calibration, and Rational Temporal Discounting. Two supplementary measures of thinking dispositions are included in the ART-Y: Actively Open-Minded Thinking (AOT) and Deliberative Thinking. The ART-Y battery was examined in a sample of 143 adolescents (mean age = 15.4 years). The five rational thinking subtests displayed intercorrelations largely consistent with those obtained in the adult literature. Age, cognitive ability, problem solving, probabilistic numeracy, and thinking dispositions predicted variance differently across the five subtests of the ART-Y, but again largely consistent with the adult literature. These measures, along with the ART-Y subtests, were examined as predictors of two real-world skills: financial literacy and academic achievement. Scientific thinking, knowledge calibration, and rational temporal discounting were significant unique predictors of financial literacy when statistically controlling for cognitive ability. Scientific thinking predicted academic achievement when statistically controlling for cognitive ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140537812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Consulting Multiple Advisors: When It Hurts and When It Does Not Hurt the Advisor–Advisee Relationship? 咨询多位顾问：什么时候会伤害顾问与受访者的关系，什么时候不会？

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2382

Mauricio Palmeira, Gerri Spassova

{"title":"Consulting Multiple Advisors: When It Hurts and When It Does Not Hurt the Advisor–Advisee Relationship?","authors":"Mauricio Palmeira, Gerri Spassova","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2382","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consulting multiple advisors tends to improve decision quality; however, limited understanding exists regarding how advisors respond to the presence of co-advisors. Previous research has cautioned about the potential interpersonal costs of seeking advice from multiple sources. It suggests that advisors may perceive their advice as less likely to be utilized, diminishing their willingness to continue assisting the seeker. In contrast, we propose that advisors are generally unconcerned if seekers consult others, as long as they are informed before offering advice. We argue that advisors do not closely monitor or dwell on the utilization of their advice and maintain a positive attitude toward the seeker unless they infer rejection of their advice. In three studies, we show that disclosing a co-advisor upfront completely eliminates any negative interpersonal effects by rendering inferences about advice rejection implausible. Advisors respond as if they were the sole advisor irrespective of the presence of multiple co-advisors and regardless of whether they are consulted first of second.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140348628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Aptly Buried “I” in Experience: Experiential Purchases Promote More Social Connection Than Material Purchases 体验中恰如其分的 "我"：体验式购买比物质购买更能促进社会联系

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2376

Amit Kumar, Thomas C. Mann, Thomas Gilovich

{"title":"The Aptly Buried “I” in Experience: Experiential Purchases Promote More Social Connection Than Material Purchases","authors":"Amit Kumar, Thomas C. Mann, Thomas Gilovich","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2376","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiential purchases (focused on <i>doing</i> rather than <i>having</i>) provide more satisfaction than material goods. Here, we examine a different downstream consequence of spending money on experiences: fostering social connection. Consumers reported feeling more kinship with someone who had made a similar experiential purchase than someone who had made a similar material purchase—a result tied to the greater centrality of experiences to one's identity. This greater sense of connection that experiences provide applied even when someone else had made a similar, but superior purchase. Participants also reported feeling more connected to others in general, not just those who have made the same purchase, when reflecting on experiential consumption—and these feelings of connection were expressed in a greater desire to engage in social activities when participants considered their experiential purchases than when they considered their material purchases. Together, these results demonstrate that experiential consumption enhances people's social connection quite broadly.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140297195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

May the Intentional Candidate Win: The Effect of Global Performance Information on Intentionality Attributions and Managerial Hot-Hand Predictions 愿有意者胜出：全球绩效信息对有意性归因和管理者热手预测的影响

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2379

João Niza Braga, Sofia Jacinto

{"title":"May the Intentional Candidate Win: The Effect of Global Performance Information on Intentionality Attributions and Managerial Hot-Hand Predictions","authors":"João Niza Braga, Sofia Jacinto","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2379","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In organizational contexts, managers often have to judge and predict others' performance. Previous research has consistently shown that when predicting someone's performance, people expect that a local sequence of successful outcomes will continue—the hot-hand. The present work proposes that hot-hand predictions occur when local streaks are dispositionally attributed to the agents' intentionality and explores how the inclusion of global performance success rates may guide intentionality inferences and moderate predictions of success after a streak. Three studies, using within- and between-subjects' designs, manipulate agent's global success rate and show that after a local streak, intentionality attributions and predictions of success are lower when success rates are low (vs. high or unknown); intentionality attributions mediate the effect of success rate on predictions; hot-hand predictions are lower for low success rate agents (vs. high or unknown) as they are not perceived as more responsible for streaky than for alternated performances.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140291384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme Outcomes Accentuate Overweighting of Low Probabilities and Underweighting of High Probabilities in Experience-Based Choice 在基于经验的选择中，极端结果加剧了对低概率的过度重视和对高概率的过度重视

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2380

Thomas W. Elston, Hartmut Leuthold, Ian G. Mackenzie, Victor Mittelstädt

{"title":"Extreme Outcomes Accentuate Overweighting of Low Probabilities and Underweighting of High Probabilities in Experience-Based Choice","authors":"Thomas W. Elston, Hartmut Leuthold, Ian G. Mackenzie, Victor Mittelstädt","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2380","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Subjective inferences of probability are critical for decisions involving uncertainty. Recent studies have suggested that extreme outcomes bias beliefs about the value of uncertain options toward the best/worst outcome possible when learning the odds through experience, leading to increased preferences for uncertain options over equivaluable sure bets when there is the prospect of gain and, conversely, aversion to uncertain options when there is the prospect of loss. However, prior studies regarding the influence of extreme outcomes on decisions involving uncertainty have only done so using 50/50 gambles, and it was unclear whether extreme outcomes biased probability perception more broadly. Across three pre-registered experiments, we found that when people made decisions between equivaluable certain and uncertain options, they particularly preferred uncertain options at low probabilities (20%) when there was the prospect of gain and avoided them when there was the prospect of loss, with these preferences being reduced or even reversed at medium (50%) and high (80%) probabilities. We also found that uncertainty preferences were influenced by outcome extremity and the relative certainty associated with safe reference options. We conclude that extreme outcomes accentuate the overweighting of low probabilities and the underweighting of high probabilities in experience-based choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140181697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) on Affective Decision-Making Under Uncertainty 自我疏导调节偶发愤怒（与恐惧）对不确定性条件下情感决策的影响

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2378

Lewend Mayiwar, Thorvald Hærem, Erik Løhre

{"title":"Self-Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) on Affective Decision-Making Under Uncertainty","authors":"Lewend Mayiwar, Thorvald Hærem, Erik Løhre","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emotions integral to a task are often adaptive, particularly in situations where outcomes and probabilities are not known. However, decisions are also influenced by emotions that arise from situations unrelated to the task. This is especially the case with negative emotions like fear and anger, which also tend to be accompanied by ruminative thinking that might divert decision-makers' attention from the task at hand. In two preregistered experiments, we show how self-distancing regulates the influence of incidental anger (vs. fear) on decision-making under uncertainty. Participants recalled and reflected on a fear-related or anger-related event from either a self-immersed or self-distanced perspective. Next, they completed a task that is commonly used to measure affective decision-making under uncertainty, the Iowa Gambling Task. The results in both experiments indicated that self-immersed angry (vs. fearful) decision-makers were significantly slower to avoid the risky, disadvantageous decks. These findings demonstrate how the ways in which we process negative emotional events shape their carryover effects in decision-making under uncertainty and point to self-distancing as a potential tool to control incidental emotional influences.</p>","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140164351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0