Journal of Behavioral Decision Making最新文献_第6页

Attention! Do We Really Need Attention Checks? 注意！我们真的需要检查注意力吗？

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2377

Yefim Roth, Ofir Yakobi

{"title":"Attention! Do We Really Need Attention Checks?","authors":"Yefim Roth, Ofir Yakobi","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2377","url":null,"abstract":"There is ongoing debate over the usefulness of and need for attention checks in online experiments. This paper investigates the value of these tests in decisions-from-experience (i.e., multi-trial repeated choice) tasks. In five studies (Ntotal = 1519), we comprehensively compared the behavior of attentive and inattentive participants (i.e., those who passed or failed a simple attention check) among online participants; and also compared those results to the results of lab studies reported elsewhere. We found meaningful differences between the behavior of attentive and inattentive participants even at the first trial. Overall, attentive participants were more likely to notice less-obvious average values of the different alternatives, while inattentive participants exhibited higher sensitivity to typical outcomes. The findings show that even one simple attention test is sufficient to differentiate between attentive and inattentive participants in repetitive tasks. Importantly, our results fully replicated three previously run lab studies among attentive participants, but not inattentive ones. This finding highlights the importance of using attention tests to avoid spurious conclusions.","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140135403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metaknowledge of Experts Versus Nonexperts: Do Experts Know Better What They Do and Do Not Know? 专家与非专家的元知识：专家更了解自己知道和不知道的东西吗？

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2375

Yuyan Han, David Dunning

引用次数: 0

Mixed-effects regression weights for advice taking and related phenomena of information sampling and utilization 建议采纳与信息取样和利用相关现象的混合效应回归权重

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2369

Tobias R. Rebholz, Marco Biella, Mandy Hütter

{"title":"Mixed-effects regression weights for advice taking and related phenomena of information sampling and utilization","authors":"Tobias R. Rebholz, Marco Biella, Mandy Hütter","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2369","url":null,"abstract":"Advice taking and related research is dominated by deterministic weighting indices, specifically ratio-of-differences-based formulas for investigating informational influence. Their arithmetic is intuitively simple, but they pose several measurement problems and restrict research to a particular paradigmatic approach. As a solution, we propose to specify how strongly peoples' judgments are influenced by externally provided evidence by fitting corresponding mixed-effects regression models. Our approach explicitly distinguishes between endogenous components, such as updated beliefs, and exogenous components, such as independent initial judgments and advice. Crucially, mixed-effects regression coefficients of various exogenous sources of information also reflect individual weighting but are based on a conceptually consistent representation of the endogenous judgment process. The formal derivation of the proposed weighting measures is accompanied by a detailed elaboration on their most important technical and statistical subtleties. We use this modeling approach to revisit empirical findings from several paradigms investigating algorithm aversion, sequential collaboration, and advice taking. In summary, we replicate and extend the original finding of algorithm appreciation and initially demonstrate a lack of evidence for both systematic order effects in sequential collaboration as well as differential weighting of multiple pieces of advice. In addition to opening new avenues for innovative research, appropriate modeling of information sampling and utilization has the potential to increase the reproducibility and replicability of behavioral science. Furthermore, the proposed method is relevant beyond advice taking, as mixed-effects regression weights can also inform research on related cognitive phenomena such as multidimensional belief updating, anchoring effects, hindsight bias, or attitude change.","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Boundary conditions for the positive skew bias 正偏斜偏置的边界条件

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2372

Colleen C. Frank, Sade J. Abiodun, Kendra L. Seaman

{"title":"Boundary conditions for the positive skew bias","authors":"Colleen C. Frank, Sade J. Abiodun, Kendra L. Seaman","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2372","url":null,"abstract":"Gambles that involve a large but unlikely gain coupled with a small but likely loss—like a lottery ticket—are known as positively skewed. There is evidence that people tend to prefer these positively skewed choices, leading to what is called a positive-skew bias. In this study, we attempt to better understand under what conditions people are more drawn towards positively skewed, relative to symmetric, gambles. Based on the animal literature, there is reason to believe that preference for skewed gambles is dependent on the strength of the skew, with a greater preference for more strongly skewed options. In two online studies (Study 1: N = 209; Study 2: N = 210), healthy participants across the lifespan (ages 22–85) made a series of choices between a positively skewed risky gamble and either a certain outcome (Study 1) or risky symmetric gamble (Study 2). Logistic regression analyses revealed that people were more likely to choose moderately and strongly skewed gambles over certain outcomes, with the exception of when there were large potential losses (Study 1). However, a stronger skewness did not increase preference for positively skewed gambles over symmetric gambles, findings that also may depend on the valence of the expected outcome (Study 2). Taken together, these results suggest that there may be a greater preference for more strongly positively skewed gambles, but it (1) is dependent on what other gamble is presented and (2) is most prevalent for positive expected values. Additionally, contrary to previous findings, we did not find strong evidence of an age-related increase in positive skew bias in either study. However, exploratory analyses revealed that decision making strategy and cognitive abilities may play a role.","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139993935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Algorithms in selection decisions: Effective, but unappreciated 遴选决策中的算法：有效，但不受重视

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-02-11 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2368

Hagai Rabinovitch, David V. Budescu, Yoella Bereby Meyer

{"title":"Algorithms in selection decisions: Effective, but unappreciated","authors":"Hagai Rabinovitch, David V. Budescu, Yoella Bereby Meyer","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2368","url":null,"abstract":"Selection decisions are often affected by irrelevant variables such as gender or race. People can discount this irrelevant information by adjusting their predictions accordingly, yet they fail to do so intuitively. In five online studies (N = 1077), participants were asked to make selection decisions in which the selection test was affected by irrelevant attributes. We examined whether in such decisions people are willing to be advised by algorithms, human advisors or prefer to decide without advice. We found that people fail to adjust for irrelevant information by themselves, and those who received advice from an algorithm or human advisor made better decisions. Interestingly, although most participants stated they prefer advice from human advisors, they tend to rely equally on algorithms in actual selection tasks. The sole exception is when they are forced to choose between an algorithm and a human advisor. In that case, they pick human advisors. We conclude that while algorithms may not be people's preferred source of advice in selection decisions, they are equally useful and can be implemented.","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139720077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the robustness of the brand positivity effect: Is impulsivity a moderator of overly favorable judgments and choices of focal options? 品牌积极效应的稳健性：冲动是否是对焦点选项的过度有利判断和选择的调节因素？

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2371

Steven S. Posavac, Donald R. Gaffney, Frank R. Kardes

引用次数: 0

Differential effects of prior outcomes and pauses on the speed and quality of risky choices 先前结果和停顿对风险选择的速度和质量的不同影响

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2370

Zhang Chen, Charlotte Eben, Frederick Verbruggen

{"title":"Differential effects of prior outcomes and pauses on the speed and quality of risky choices","authors":"Zhang Chen, Charlotte Eben, Frederick Verbruggen","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2370","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bdm.2370","url":null,"abstract":"Failures to obtain rewards influence what people choose to do next and how quickly they execute a chosen action, which are two components of motivated behavior. For instance, in risky decisions, losses can induce faster responses and sometimes increase risk-taking, which may lead to detrimental consequences in some situations (such as gambling). Pauses might reduce these motivational influences of prior outcomes. To examine this question, participants alternated between a guess game, in which they won or lost money, and a choice game, in which they chose between a high probability of winning a small amount of money and a low probability of winning a large amount of money. The pause between a guess and a choice game was made either short (0 or 300 ms) or long (3000 ms). In four experiments, prior outcomes consistently influenced decision speed, such that people chose faster after a loss than after a win. However, prior outcomes did not consistently influence people's choices. In contrast, pauses increased decision quality, such that participants chose the option with a higher expected value more often, without substantially reducing decision speed. Pauses may improve decision quality by influencing predecisional attention allocation to relevant information, as its effect was absent when the overall task attention was high (Experiment 3). These findings have implications for both safer gambling and risky decision research. Future work can examine the underlying computational and cognitive processes and the generalizability of these findings to other contexts and populations.","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139661787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Women who cry to manipulate others face more backlash than men 以哭泣来操纵他人的女性比男性面临更多反弹

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2374

Andrea Pittarello, Daphna Motro

引用次数: 0

Impact of choice set complexity on decoy effects 选择集复杂性对诱饵效应的影响

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2373

Jacob M. Stanley, Douglas H. Wedell

{"title":"Impact of choice set complexity on decoy effects","authors":"Jacob M. Stanley, Douglas H. Wedell","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2373","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bdm.2373","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of contextual choice typically use three option choice sets to evaluate how preference relations depend on the values of a third decoy option. However, often real-world decisions are made using choice sets with many more than three alternatives, such as in online shopping. Three experiments tested for attraction and compromise decoy effects in choice sets that varied the number and ordering of alternatives using a within-subjects preferential choice grocery shopping task. In Experiment 1, attraction and compromise effects were significantly reduced as alternatives increased from three to nine. Experiment 2 found significantly greater attraction effects in nine alternative choice sets ordered by attributes compared with a random ordering. Experiment 3 used eye tracking and found significant attraction effects in choice sets with 3, 9, and 15 alternatives, but the effect was reduced with increasing alternatives. Eye tracking revealed that participants engaged in more by-dimension comparisons as the number of alternatives increased, but, contrary to previous research, the proportion of by-alternative to by-dimension transitions was not linearly predictive of decoy effects. With increased alternatives, the proportion of the total information attended to decreased, leading to worse choice outcomes, and participants were more likely to engage in a lexicographic decision-making strategy.","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139661677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-serving perception of charitable donation request: An effective cognitive strategy to boost benefits and reduce drawbacks 对慈善捐款请求的自我服务感知：提高收益、减少弊端的有效认知策略

IF 2 3区心理学

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2366

Marie Juanchich, Lilith A. Whiley, Miroslav Sirota

{"title":"Self-serving perception of charitable donation request: An effective cognitive strategy to boost benefits and reduce drawbacks","authors":"Marie Juanchich, Lilith A. Whiley, Miroslav Sirota","doi":"10.1002/bdm.2366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2366","url":null,"abstract":"The psychological consequences of prosocial behavior depend on people's perceptions of their own volition. Building on this, we hypothesized that people who donate increase their volition and the benefits of donations by judging donation requests as polite (non-coercive), whereas non-donors reduce their volition and the drawback of refusing to donate by judging the request as less polite (too coercive). Three weeks after providing baseline politeness judgments about a fundraising request, participants re-evaluated the same request as potential donors (experimental group) or observers (control group) and reported how they felt (Ntime1 = 605, Ntime2 = 294). Relative to past perceptions, donors judged the request as more polite than control participants. Non-donors redefined the request as less polite than donors, but not less than control participants. Both donors and non-donors benefited from redefining the request as more polite. We discuss how altering one's perception of a request is a multi-purpose self-serving cognition.","PeriodicalId":48112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdm.2366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0