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Public Understanding of Science最新文献

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A 30-nation investigation of lay heritability beliefs. 对 30 个国家的非专业遗传信仰进行调查。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241245030
L. Ferris, M. Hornsey, J. Morosoli, T. Milfont, Fiona Kate Barlow
{"title":"A 30-nation investigation of lay heritability beliefs.","authors":"L. Ferris, M. Hornsey, J. Morosoli, T. Milfont, Fiona Kate Barlow","doi":"10.1177/09636625241245030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241245030","url":null,"abstract":"Lay beliefs about human trait heritability are consequential for cooperation and social cohesion, yet there has been no global characterisation of these beliefs. Participants from 30 countries (N = 6128) reported heritability beliefs for intelligence, personality, body weight and criminality, and transnational factors that could influence these beliefs were explored using public nation-level data. Globally, mean lay beliefs differ from published heritability (h2) estimated by twin studies, with a worldwide majority overestimating the heritability of personality and intelligence, and underestimating body weight and criminality. Criminality was seen as substantially less attributable to genes than other traits. People from countries with high infant mortality tended to ascribe greater heritability for most traits, relative to people from low infant mortality countries. This study provides the first systematic foray into worldwide lay heritability beliefs. Future research must incorporate diverse global perspectives to further contextualise and extend upon these findings.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Going beyond political ideology: A computational analysis of civic trust in science. 超越政治意识形态：公民对科学信任的计算分析。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241246076
Sangwon Lee, Marshall A Taylor, Saifuddin Ahmed, Won-Ki Moon
{"title":"Going beyond political ideology: A computational analysis of civic trust in science.","authors":"Sangwon Lee, Marshall A Taylor, Saifuddin Ahmed, Won-Ki Moon","doi":"10.1177/09636625241246076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241246076","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have been conducted to identify the factors that predict trust/distrust in science. However, most of these studies are based on closed-ended survey research, which does not allow researchers to gain a more nuanced understanding of the phenomenon. This study integrated survey analysis conducted within the United States with computational text analysis to reveal factors previously obscured by traditional survey methodologies. Even after controlling for political ideology-which has been the most significant explanatory factor in determining trust in science within a survey framework-we found those with concerns over boundary-crossing (i.e. concerns or perceptions that science overlaps with politics, the government, and funding) were less likely to trust science than their counterparts.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of experts on attitude change in public-facing political science: Scientific communication on term limits in the United States. 专家对面向公众的政治学态度转变的影响：美国关于任期限制的科学传播。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241246084
Aaron M. Houck, Aaron S. King, J. B. Taylor
{"title":"The effect of experts on attitude change in public-facing political science: Scientific communication on term limits in the United States.","authors":"Aaron M. Houck, Aaron S. King, J. B. Taylor","doi":"10.1177/09636625241246084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241246084","url":null,"abstract":"How can scientists best inform the public and change attitudes? Does the message or the messenger matter more? We test the effect of scientific expert messengers and messages in a preregistered, nationally representative survey experiment in the United States. Consistent with our hypotheses, scientists can move public attitudes in areas where knowledge is based on a non-ideological misperception to a greater extent than the same science-based message from another source. Although we focus on political science as a field and Congressional term limits in the United States as a topic area, our findings have broader implications for science communication with policymaking relevance given the persistence of misperceptions among the public across all natural and social science research fields.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140663953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book review: Geoff Mulgan When Science Meets Power 书评杰夫-马尔甘：当科学遇到权力
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241248501
Birte Fähnrich
{"title":"Book review: Geoff Mulgan When Science Meets Power","authors":"Birte Fähnrich","doi":"10.1177/09636625241248501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241248501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140670406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Citizens and conspiratorial anti-science beliefs: Opposition versus support in 38 countries across Europe 公民与反科学阴谋论：欧洲 38 个国家的反对与支持情况
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241245371
Joop de Boer, Harry Aiking
{"title":"Citizens and conspiratorial anti-science beliefs: Opposition versus support in 38 countries across Europe","authors":"Joop de Boer, Harry Aiking","doi":"10.1177/09636625241245371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241245371","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to clarify citizens’ responses to conspiratorial anti-science beliefs (e.g. “The cure for cancer exists but is hidden from the public by commercial interests”). Based on Eurobarometer 95.2 (Spring 2021, 38 countries), we examine how public opposition or support for conspiratorial anti-science beliefs is related to individual- and country-level variables. There were large differences between the countries in their opposition or support. Controlling for artifacts, the individual-level variables showed associations with science-specific variables, for example, knowledge, preferred communication sources, social evaluations of scientists, attitude toward vaccines, and more general political (dis)satisfaction. At the country level, Affluence and Women’s representation were useful indicators for describing these differences. The conclusion is that the negativity of conspiratorial anti-science beliefs can be avoided by policies that highlight the rationality of science as a source of orientation and legitimation for change processes, and that are responsive to the needs of all citizens.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140617519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Science on the mind: Examining question ordering effects when asking about science on large-scale surveys 心中的科学在大规模调查中询问科学问题时检验问题排序效应
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241237748
Cameron D. Mackey, Kimberly Rios, Christopher P. Scheitle, Katie E. Corcoran, Bernard D. DiGregorio
{"title":"Science on the mind: Examining question ordering effects when asking about science on large-scale surveys","authors":"Cameron D. Mackey, Kimberly Rios, Christopher P. Scheitle, Katie E. Corcoran, Bernard D. DiGregorio","doi":"10.1177/09636625241237748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241237748","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has examined people’s attitudes toward science and scientists, highlighting how religious identities, beliefs, or behavior shapes these attitudes. However, survey design choices have been previously shown to influence individuals’ attitudes toward religion and science. We investigated the extent to which question ordering (i.e. presenting questions about science before questions about religion or the paranormal) in a large-scale survey would influence respondents’ attitudes toward science and religion. Utilizing an experimental design, we found that responding to science questions first led to (1) more interest in science, (2) more confidence in the scientific community, (3) increased agreement that science is a way of knowing truth, (4) more confidence in responding to science knowledge items, (5) more agreement to scientific statements, and (6) more trust in scientists. We discuss the implications of question ordering when analyzing attitudes toward science and religion within the same surveys and future directions for research.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fuelling the climate and science 'denial machine' on social media: A case study of the Great Barrier Reef's 2021 'in danger' recommendation on Twitter, YouTube and Facebook. 社交媒体上的气候和科学“否认机器”火上浇油：推特、YouTube和脸书上对大堡礁2021年“危险”建议的案例研究。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231202117
Carly Lubicz-Zaorski, Maxine Newlands, Theresa Petray
{"title":"Fuelling the climate and science 'denial machine' on social media: A case study of the Great Barrier Reef's 2021 'in danger' recommendation on Twitter, YouTube and Facebook.","authors":"Carly Lubicz-Zaorski, Maxine Newlands, Theresa Petray","doi":"10.1177/09636625231202117","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231202117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Australian climate policy has been stifled by a network of free-market and extractive industry-advocating actors, yet there is little empirical evidence to show how these actors and information flows behave in online communication spaces during Australian environmental conflicts. Focusing on the UNESCO 2021 'in danger' recommendation for the Great Barrier Reef for 6 weeks, this mixed-methods study of Twitter, Facebook and YouTube uses social network analysis, including cluster analysis and in-depth close reading. We find that a small, yet significant, mix of ideologically aligned partisan actors are fuelling the 'denial machine' in Australia by co-opting a scientific report's findings to argue that the Great Barrier Reef has recovered, and to contest the need for climate action. This article offers insights into the central actors and tactics that could erode public support for Australian climate policy, with similarities to strategies already established in the United States. It also contributes to furthering multi-platform analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50163259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Science museum educators' views on object-based learning: The perceived importance of authenticity and touch. 科学博物馆教育工作者对基于对象的学习的看法：真实性和触觉的重要性。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231202617
Tirsa de Kluis, Sanne Romp, Anne M Land-Zandstra
{"title":"Science museum educators' views on object-based learning: The perceived importance of authenticity and touch.","authors":"Tirsa de Kluis, Sanne Romp, Anne M Land-Zandstra","doi":"10.1177/09636625231202617","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231202617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Museum educators play an important role in mediating visitors' museum experiences. We investigated the perspectives of science museum educators on the role of touching authentic objects and replicas in visitors' learning experiences during educational activities. We used a mixed-methods approach including surveys with 49 museum educators and interviews with 12 museum educators from several countries in Europe. Our findings indicate the importance of context when presenting museum visitors with objects. Participating museum educators based their choices for including authentic objects or replicas in educational activities more often on narrative and context than on the authenticity status of an object. In addition, educators used various definitions of authenticity, which may hinder the discussion about the topic within the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
1796 - An Introduction to Botany: The critical role of women in eighteenth-century science popularisation and the early promotion of science for young girls in Britain. 1796 - 《植物学入门》：妇女在十八世纪科学普及中的关键作用，以及英国早期对年轻女孩的科学推广。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231217015
Isabel Richards
{"title":"1796 - <i>An Introduction to Botany</i>: The critical role of women in eighteenth-century science popularisation and the early promotion of science for young girls in Britain.","authors":"Isabel Richards","doi":"10.1177/09636625231217015","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231217015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Work and the public understanding of science. 工作和公众对科学的理解。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231203478
Robert M Kunovich
{"title":"Work and the public understanding of science.","authors":"Robert M Kunovich","doi":"10.1177/09636625231203478","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231203478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines whether engaging in science work and work that is substantively complex (e.g. requiring independent thought and judgment) is related to interest in science, science knowledge, and confidence in the scientific community in the United States. It also examines whether the conditions of work mediate the relationship between education and these science-related outcomes. Occupation-level data from O*NET are merged with survey data from the General Social Survey. Results indicate that science work is related to interest in science and science knowledge and that work complexity is related to confidence in the scientific community. Results offer only limited evidence of mediation-science work mediates the relationship between educational attainment and science knowledge but not the relationships involving interest or confidence. In sum, results indicate that the conditions of work are associated with science attitudes, and that researchers should examine these connections in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49683639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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