{"title":"Zooming in on the process-product nexus of meaning-related revisions: A micro-analytic approach to keystroke logging data","authors":"Sathena Chan , Daniel M.K. Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While many writing studies to date show that higher-proficiency and lower-proficiency L2 writers have distinct writing behaviours, there is relatively little research into meaning-related revisions – changes which influence the meaning of the text as compared to surface-level changes related to grammar or format, and whether and how such revisions make a text-level impact. Taking a micro-analytic approach, the current study examined the real-time revision behaviours of six adolescent L1 and six adolescent L2 English writers, as captured by a keystroke logging programme. The analysis compared measures of revision behaviours and the context (i.e., location) and orientation (i.e., focus) of the meaningrelated revisions between the two groups, and examined qualitatively the specific ways the revisions do or do not contribute to enhancing the evolving text. Findings revealed that the L2 writers focused more on local-level revisions while the L1 writers’ revisions more often had a text-level impact (e.g., coherence, argumentation). Based on the findings, we discuss the value of examining the textual impact of meaning-related revisions using keystroke logging data for diagnostic feedback, and make recommendations for teaching and feedback activities in the L2 writing classroom.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101228"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The development and validation of a scale on student AI literacy in L2 writing: A domain-specific perspective","authors":"Linlin Xu , Lu Zhang , Ling Ou , Di Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the educational landscape, especially in second language (L2) writing, reshaping how students approach the learning and practice of L2 writing. This shift has highlighted the importance of student AI literacy, which enables students to harness the power of AI tools and navigate the complexities of L2 writing more effectively and responsibly. Despite its significance, research on student AI literacy in L2 writing remains scarce, and there is a notable absence of instruments to measure, diagnose and track its development among L2 student writers. Heeding the call for developing psychometrically validated scales tailored to specific domains or disciplines, this study aims to develop and validate the L2 Writing-Student AI Literacy Scale (L2W-SAILS) for teachers and students to operationalise and assess student AI literacy in L2 writing. Building on relevant seminal works, this study proposed a four-dimension AI literacy framework, including ‘understanding’, ‘use’, ‘evaluation’, and ‘ethics’. Guided by this framework, a 22-item self-reported questionnaire on student AI literacy was developed and validated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis involving respectively 435 and 350 Chinese university students. The results confirm that the L2W-SAILS is a reliable measurement scale for assessing student AI literacy in L2 writing, and the proposed four-dimension model is a robust representation of student AI literacy. The findings also contribute to a pedagogical framework that informs AI-assisted teaching and learning of L2 writing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Promoting second language writing autonomy through digital multimodal composing","authors":"Lanxuan XIE , Lianjiang JIANG","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have examined students’ autonomous language learning behaviors in digital multimodal composing (DMC). However, whether second language (L2) writing autonomy can be promoted through DMC remains underexplored. This study, conducted at a medical university in China, investigated changes in three second-year medical students’ L2 writing autonomy during a year-long DMC project. L2 writing autonomy is a pivotal factor in the students’ becoming strategic and effective L2 writers with a sense of social responsibility. Data were collected from observation, interviews, reflective journals, and student-authored DMC projects. Changes in the students’ L2 writing autonomy were identified by comparing their L2 writing purposes, feelings, and behaviors before and after the DMC projects. The factors mediating these changes were synthesized through thematic and multimodal analysis. The analysis revealed that the affordances provided by the authentic writing task, collaborative form, and multimodal remixing in DMC promoted the students’ willingness to engage, ability to compose, and freedom to experiment in L2 writing. These factors ultimately shaped changes in three domains of L2 writing autonomy: <em>autonomy as L2 writing learners</em>, <em>autonomy as L2 writing users</em>, and <em>autonomy as L2 writers.</em> The study provides an evidence-based pedagogical model of DMC aimed at promoting students’ L2 writing autonomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101225"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144252910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tracking the development in second language writers’ use of academic vocabulary in discipline-specific assignments","authors":"Thi Ngoc Yen Dang, Huahui Zhao, Natalie Finlayson","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Few longitudinal studies have examined the development of second language (L2) writers’ use of academic vocabulary in discipline-specific assignments. This study tracked the use of expert vocabulary and proficient novice vocabulary in assignments written by 230 L2 writers across two semesters of postgraduate study in Education and Engineering programs. Gardner and Davies’s (2014) Academic Vocabulary List (AVL) and Malmström et al.’s (2018) Productive Academic Vocabulary List (PAVL) were used to represent each kind of academic vocabulary respectively. Linear mixed-effects model analyses found that Education students used significantly more AVL words in Semester 2 than in Semester 1, but no significant differences were found in the case of Engineering. This indicates that Education students tend to use more expert vocabulary as they progress further in their academic study, but Engineering students did not. Students’ use of proficient novice vocabulary does not appear to change across semesters in either discipline. Analysis of the writing of individual students largely supports the findings of the group analysis, but also revealed that lexical development patterns varied depending on individuals. Together these findings demonstrate the complex nature of vocabulary development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101217"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of task complexity on second language writing processes and products in computer-assisted collaborative writing","authors":"Xin Rong, Andrea Révész","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigated the extent to which task complexity impacted writing behaviors, associated cognitive activities, and resulting texts of second language (L2) users completing integrated tasks in collaborative writing contexts. The participants were 56 Chinese users of L2 English, with Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) B2 and C1 proficiency. They were organized into 28 randomly assigned pairs. Each pair completed two reading-to-write tasks which varied in cognitive complexity. The simple task version required participants to summarize a single text, while the complex task version asked participants to write a summary by integrating information presented in three texts. Participants’ typing behaviors were recorded via keystroke logging software. Eight pairs were invited to stimulated recall interviews after the second task. A series of linear mixed-effects models found that the simple task version elicited higher speed fluency, longer and more frequent pauses, and improved linguistic complexity and functional adequacy. These findings, together with the stimulated recall comments, suggest that the simple task version reduced cognitive burden on text organization, freeing up resources for linguistic encoding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101216"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"Wanyue Peng, Yingli Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101215"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JSLW editorial for June 2025","authors":"YouJin Kim, Stephen Doolan","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101214"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"June 2025 JSLW annotated bibliography","authors":"Lia Plakans, Carol Severino, Xinyue Shui","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Voice in L2 writing in the age of AI","authors":"Martha Sandstead, Amanda Kibler","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and the release of ChatGPT, a Large Language Model (LLM) or chatbot, have left researchers and practitioners scrambling to consider how these tools fit into L2 writing instruction and how to design policies and practices around their use. Furthermore, as texts generated from these tools potentially get closer to sounding human, the following question arises: How do writers represent their identities in writing and why does it matter? The concept of “voice” in writing has been used to describe the presence of the authors’ identities in text. In this paper, we define voice in writing, both in human composed texts and AI written/assisted texts. We argue that voice is an important theoretical construct to consider in conversations about AI and its use in L2 writing instruction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taking stock of metacognitive strategies and collaborative writing for EFL learners’ writing development","authors":"Kaixuan Wang , Lawrence Jun Zhang , Maria Cooper","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is well-documented that metacognitive instruction is significant in helping L2 learners generate written texts (<span><span>Wenden, 1998</span></span>; <span><span>Xu, 2023</span></span>). However, little is known about how metacognitive instruction in conjunction with collaborative writing interventions would contribute to learners’ individual writing development. To fill the research gap, we recruited 62 Chinese EFL learners from two classes, who were randomly allocated to either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group received metacognitive instruction for collaborative writing before engaging in collaborative writing interventions, while the control group received normal instructions. Improvement in writing performance was gauged through three essay writing tasks sourced from the IELTS writing test bank, measuring performance across dimensions including content, organisation, vocabulary, language use, mechanics, and overall scores. Results indicated that the combination of metacognitive instruction and collaborative writing significantly enhanced participants’ individual writing scores. This study provides empirical support for the effectiveness of incorporating metacognitive instruction with collaborative writing, emphasising its positive impact on writing development and the promotion of learner self-regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101211"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}