Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal最新文献

{"title":"Clean and future-oriented: Local perceptions of lithium extraction in Bolivia during the presidency of Evo Morales","authors":"Claudia Carpanese ,&nbsp;Gertrude Saxinger ,&nbsp;Emma Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the past two decades, lithium has gained critical global importance as a transition metal. Under President Evo Morales (2006–2019), the Bolivian government launched a national lithium extraction industry in the Uyuni salt flat. However, efforts to develop industrial-scale extraction of lithium there have been beset by considerable delays. Focusing on the period of Morales’ presidency, this article analyses the perceptions of lithium and its extraction amongst people living in the region around the Uyuni salt flat, specifically in the urban centres. In state media and official communication lithium extraction was presented as a ‘clean’ and ‘future-oriented’ activity, distinct from traditional mining practices. Public perceptions of lithium extraction as being ‘future-oriented’ and distinct from conventional mining practices were also rooted in collective memories of the colonial and neoliberal past and the exploitation of Bolivia's wealth by foreigners. Lithium extraction was therefore also associated with a shift towards a decolonial future that was expected to generate wealth. By the end of the Morales presidency, while people in the region still believed in the clean and future-oriented nature of lithium and its extraction, they no longer believed in Morales’ ability to generate national or local benefits from lithium production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24001187/pdfft?md5=34f2710676bb7cf7ad49e47f93377345&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24001187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The South Korean chaebol and myths of green growth: Coloniality and Argentinian lithium production","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Observers have celebrated the drive by multinational corporations to develop lithium-ion batteries as a positive step in mitigating climate change. Much of this hype, however, has resulted from corporate leaders propagating green growth narratives that trumpet the capacity of electric cars to initiate an energy transition. Against this backdrop, the paper describes and analyzes significant contradictions of green growth. The South Korean (hereafter, Korea) ‘chaebol’ (enormous, family-owned conglomerates) have deployed green growth myths to build global value chains that transform lithium into batteries that can electrify transportation. I will show how these growth strategies simultaneously produce domestic inequality in Korea and colonial inequities in Argentina, where a large proportion of the world's reserves of lithium lie. Since the 1990s, the chaebol have developed new strategies of accumulation based on a shift toward building global value chains and away from domestic economic growth and expanding employment. The growing electric vehicle industry represents a continuation of these corporate strategies, directing investments to flow abroad in ways that contract domestic employment. These technological innovations require lithium, prompting the chaebols to move decisively to establish control over a significant share of lithium production in Argentina. In seeking to create new pools of value within the much-hyped green transition, these activities have inflicted significant environmental degradation. Moreover, the coloniality of corporate relations with local labor dramatizes how the green transition promised by electric vehicles unevenly distributes the risks and benefits between those parts of the world producing green energy and the industrialized countries consuming it.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-scale mining as the foundation of sovereignty and mineral security","authors":"Ana Carolina Russo,&nbsp;Giovanna de Melo Loredo,&nbsp;Giorgio Francesco Cesare de Tomi","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global energy transition has significantly increased the demand for critical and strategic minerals, many of which are sourced from small-scale mining (SSM). This research investigates the role of SSM in fostering mineral sovereignty and security, focusing on its contributions to economic development, social justice, and environmental conservation. Through an analysis of academic literature, government documents, and reports of international organizations, this study provides a comprehensive overview of SSM's impact and challenges. The findings reveal that while SSM is vital for the economies of developing countries, it faces obstacles related to formalization, access to sustainable technologies, and integration into global value chains. Additionally, the research identifies resource-rich areas in Brazil with low mining rights concessions, indicating potential policy development opportunities centered on SSM. Ultimately, this study emphasizes the need for innovative public policies and international cooperation to ensure the responsible and equitable exploitation of critical mineral resources, thus reinforcing SSM's essential role in a sustainable future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial risks in the Canadian construction and extractive industries","authors":"M. Denaige McDonnell ,&nbsp;Branford J. McAllister","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Workers in the Canadian construction and extractive industries (CEIs) are exposed to psychosocial risk factors (PRFs) and experience a greater prevalence of mental health issues than the public. Guided by risk management theory, the purpose of this quantitative, nonexperimental, correlational study was to examine the relationship between five predictors (age, gender, residence type, employment arrangement, and rotation status); and 15 response variables (measures of Canadian CEI workers’ perspective of PRFs). Using a cross-sectional design, an 84-question survey was administered to workers (<em>N</em> = 174) over the age of 18 to obtain demographic and contextual data and scores for the PRFs using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire – Canadian version. Analysis of variance was used to compare means across groups to determine if there was a difference in views of PRFs. The findings revealed significant relationships between the predictors and workers’ views on their influence at work, development opportunities, meaning of work, role conflict, work-life conflict, and social community. While workers’ experiences are largely unique, there are also clear influences on PRFs based on age, gender, and employment arrangement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142058310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractured perceptions: Unconventional oil and gas development and the social construction of perceptions of risk in South Africa","authors":"Nola Redelinghuys ,&nbsp;Surina Esterhuyse ,&nbsp;Wade Goodrick","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address energy shortages, the South African government includes the development and extraction of local natural gas as part of its future energy plan. Insights into risk perception are crucial for determining realistic and likely risks relevant to future energy developments in the face of the country's future energy planning. Studies on the social construction of the risk perceptions of unconventional oil and gas (UOG) development are lacking since risk perceptions of UOG development in South Africa are not underpinned by tangible, lived experiences. This study, therefore, offers novel insights into the social construction of risk perceptions. We identified the risk objects, objects at risk, and factors influencing risk perceptions, and found that UOG development risk perceptions in South Africa are socially constructed through group membership and participation. The perceived rivalry between opposition and proposition groups prompts stakeholders to deliberately formulate ideas, opinions, and viewpoints to counter those of oppositional groups. We propose a risk communication strategy that considers the media's influence on stakeholders’ risk perceptions, aims to understand the different stakeholder groups’ views, intentions and expected behaviour, and tailors communication that acknowledges groups’ different goals and intentions. The proposed strategy considers the diverging opinions of the opposing groups in a collaborative effort to build trust in and between groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24001151/pdfft?md5=290f48e86700cf9cede20cdd87b47e6e&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24001151-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardizing “green” extractivism: Chinese & Western environmental, social, and governance instruments in the critical mineral sector","authors":"Raphael Deberdt ,&nbsp;Jessica DiCarlo ,&nbsp;Hyeyoon Park","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As societies attempt to transition to low-carbon energy and reduce fossil fuel dependencies, mineral extractivism is reaching new heights globally. This trend is accompanied by a surge of Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) standards used to justify a perceived <em>just</em> transition. Through an analysis of 13 widely used international instruments and the ways mining companies adopt them, this article develops a comparative examination of Western and Chinese ESG practices, with a focus on guidelines and standards aimed at mitigating the socio-environmental impacts of extractivism. Despite conventional portrayals of Western and Chinese governance standards as disparate or in competition, we find their standards evolve in tandem and conversation in the context of the rush for critical minerals, underscoring the need to move beyond a Western-Chinese binary. This research also challenges the notion of China attempting to set global standards. Chinese companies increasingly embrace ESG principles due to reputational risks, national standardization efforts, and international partnerships. They, however, focus more on downstream stakeholders, while Western counterparts lean towards upstream considerations. Notably, guidelines are employed similarly by Western and Chinese companies, albeit influenced by geographical, material, and political considerations. We conclude with future directions for critical and social science research on climate-related extraction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From local priorities to global responses: Assessing sustainability initiatives in South American lithium mining","authors":"Martín Obaya ,&nbsp;Diego I. Murguía ,&nbsp;Daniela Sánchez-López","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mining sustainability initiatives led by stakeholders from mineral-demanding countries have proliferated, encompassing regulations, voluntary standards, and guidelines aimed at ensuring responsible mining across supply chains. Focusing on lithium in South America, this article examines whether these initiatives address the main sustainability challenges posed by the mining industry and identifies their limitations. We analyze three initiatives relevant for that region: the European Batteries Regulation, the Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance, and the Recommendations for Responsible Lithium Mining by German automotive stakeholders. Sustainability challenges were identified and prioritized through a Delphi survey involving 141 participants. Our findings indicate that while most environmental and social sustainability issues are addressed by these initiatives, economic concerns, particularly those related to development, are often overlooked. The initiatives vary in their comprehensiveness, with IRMA being the most thorough. The study reveals that the approaches and procedures of these initiatives mainly reflect the priorities of lithium-demanding regions and adopt a corporate-centered due diligence approach, limiting their effectiveness in addressing some of the prioritized challenges. Finally, the study emphasizes the need for capability-development mechanisms to enhance the ability of lithium-rich countries to meet higher sustainability standards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors determining the emergence of environmental concerns regarding Chinese investment in the South America's extractive industries","authors":"Andrea Freites","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article focuses on analyzing environmental governance in the context of the growing economic relations between China and Latin America, with particular attention to Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the South American extractive industries. Using novel data that match Chinese investment and local environmental reactions, the results strongly support a positive correlation between institutional capacity for environmental protection in recipient countries and an increase in local environmental concerns. I find that the escalation of activity by Chinese companies with greater state participation in the extractive industries raises the probability of generating environmental concerns in affected communities. These findings significantly contribute to understanding the complex interactions between Chinese investments and environmental governance, providing an essential foundation for addressing environmental challenges associated with Chinese FDI in Latin America.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142040332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspects of development: Voices from predisplacement site in Eastern India","authors":"Daipayan Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present research paper is an ethnographic account of the travails and resistance of an <em>adivasi</em> (native) community of India called Santhals. These adivasis are facing the threat of eviction due to a planned coal mining in the area, located in West Bengal, a state in the eastern part of India. Amid the ongoing protest against coal mines, many families are ready to give up their land for the project. Even differences in opinion are common among the leaders of those protest groups. These differences in perception about a coal mine project are the central theme of this paper. Drawing from it the paper is going to scrutinize the grand terms like ‘Affected Persons’, used in ‘National Mineral Policy 2019’ and ‘Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act (2013)’, and ‘Local Community’ to show that any generalization or universalization of those various perceptions suppress the real needs of the people since they get affected in multiple ways. Further, this paper regards ‘development’ as ‘<em>pharmakon</em>’ for its dual nature, since people in the same community perceive it as poison; in contrast, for others, it is the remedy for their poverty. Tracing from all the varying voices, the paper finally argues for finding ‘significant others’, who are significantly excluded from decision-making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142040331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of African extractive industries in the global energy transition: An analysis of barriers and strategies","authors":"Victoria R. Nalule ,&nbsp;Damilola S Olawuyi ,&nbsp;Thomas L Muinzer","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endowed with a significant proportion of the world’s petroleum and solid mineral resources, Africa is the location of a vibrant and dynamic extractive industries sector, which today, is its chief economic mainstay. The revenue generated from the extractive industries has been a significant source of finance for public infrastructure development and investments in education, health and the development of other economic sectors across the continent. However, the African extractive industries have faced massive setbacks in recent years, in particular due to the economic disruptions caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and the global transition to a low carbon economy that has formed a central part of ongoing efforts to respond to the climate change emergency. These challenges have accentuated concerns on the current and future relevance of the African extractive industries in a low-carbon economy world order.</p><p>This article examines the role played by the African extractive industries in the global energy transition, contextualising these concerns against a continuum of disruption arising as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and emergent efforts to redress the crisis posed by anthropogenic climate change. If well managed, extractive resources could play a crucial role in advancing energy security and transition in the African continent in the face of these challenges. In addition to its role in addressing current high levels of energy poverty across Africa in this disruptive setting, environmentally-responsible production of extractive resources can help sustain economic and social development across Africa in going forward. This article examines the current opportunities and challenges for cleaner and environmentally-responsible extractive investments in Africa in a low carbon world. It analyses the preconditions and barriers to environmentally-responsible fossil fuels developments in Africa and highlights the key considerations for African policymakers. Its analysis is informed by recognition of, and sensitivity towards, the extreme disruption to fossil fuel governance embodied by the twin concerns of the COVID-19 pandemic and the current “climate emergency.” Through a qualitative analysis, this research has found that if well-managed, African resource-rich countries could utilise the revenues from the extractive industries to invest in low carbon technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24001096/pdfft?md5=928c31695976a59d4b7623495c0cf162&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24001096-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142012498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}