{"title":"Critical minerals for energy transition: The emerging regime complex","authors":"Nidhi Srivastava, Atul Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to meet decarbonisation and net zero goals, the energy transition will play an instrumental role. However, energy transition technologies are raw material intensive and depend on a secure and reliable supply of critical minerals. Over the last few years, the international regime for energy transition and critical minerals have undergone changes. This paper studies the international institutional framework governing critical minerals for energy transition (CMET). There is no single regime that is equipped to address the various facets of CMET. Therefore, the paper describes the existence of regime complex and key features that characterise the regime complex as it unfolds in this new area of study. Since there is a growing interest from institutions from different regimes, there is a great potential for cooperation, mutual learning amongst policy makers and further academic research in the regime complex of CMET.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siyabulela Manona , Thembela Kepe , Deon (Div) De Villiers
{"title":"Sand mining governance in post-apartheid South Africa: Interlegalities of resource extraction on the Wild Coast","authors":"Siyabulela Manona , Thembela Kepe , Deon (Div) De Villiers","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This viewpoint explores the challenge of the intersection of demand for sand, concerns over its exploitation and its governance in South Africa. Mainly drawing on secondary literature review and direct observations, we highlight the irony of the concern about the environmental cost of sand mining, in the midst of poor sand mining governance. The viewpoint argues that the problem in the Wild Coast is the multiple jurisdictions of sand mining governance, ranging from national, provincial and local government legislation, policies and practices, that combine and create confusion. We call for stronger governance locally, and at other scales, including opening up legal mining opportunities, especially in light of current unauthorized sand mining taking place.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contention and concessions: Exploring the responsiveness of Chinese mining companies in Africa","authors":"Jan Sändig , Jana Hönke , Claude Kabemba","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As China's investments are rising fast across the globe, we examine the circumstances under which Chinese mining companies concede to protest. While scholars have already identified success conditions of such struggles, it is unclear if these conditions apply to Chinese cases as well. More so, some research suggests that Chinese business practices fundamentally differ from others. Therefore, we seek to better understand Chinese corporate responsiveness by examining major mining projects from Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Our analysis draws on protest event data (collected from news and social media), interviews, and further sources to trace protests and company responses. We find that Chinese mining companies indeed concede under similar conditions as Western and other companies: recurrent disruptive actions, pressure from state actors and NGOs, and reputational concerns are key factors for their responsiveness. As we discuss, however, reputational vulnerabilities, which result from global supply chains and transnational activism, are differently distributed in the Chinese case, which undercuts the responsiveness of some major Chinese miners.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X2400131X/pdfft?md5=727ebb0d1126757054057c5c9aa2d2ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X2400131X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Who drives the green shift? EV and battery policymaking and systemic marginalisation of auto suppliers in South Korea","authors":"Kahee Jo","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The swift global transition to electric vehicles (EV) and batteries in the automotive industry highlights the nature of governments’ efforts towards a green economy, marking a transition from environmental regulations to industrial policies. This shift has led to renewed interest in industrial policies, especially in East Asian developmental states, like South Korea. The EV and battery industries in South Korea have grown rapidly along with the government's efforts to mobilise the entire economy through aggressive green industrial policy, particularly during the Lee Myung-bak administration (2008–2012). Big Korean automobile and electronics manufacturers have participated directly in setting the country's industrial agenda, leading the green industrial policy with their business interests. However, the process of EV and battery policymaking also marginalized auto suppliers in the existing manufacturing sector from agenda setting. Focusing on business’ <em>structural</em> power, this paper explains how big business elites systematically alienate small and medium-sized suppliers from the new growth policy thanks to their strong information monopoly in the hierarchical structure of production in the automobile industry and EV policies in South Korea.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101538"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24001345/pdfft?md5=79dd72f044b5563fc00f740cc89eb89b&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24001345-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Craig A. Johnson , Araceli Clavijo , Mauricio Lorca , Manuel Olivera Andrade
{"title":"Bringing the state back in the lithium triangle: An institutional analysis of resource nationalism in Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia","authors":"Craig A. Johnson , Araceli Clavijo , Mauricio Lorca , Manuel Olivera Andrade","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>International efforts to tackle climate change have ignited a global surge in demand for the “critical metals” that are used in the production of lithium-ion batteries and electric vehicles (EVs). Among them, lithium represents a critical strategic component that is concentrated in only a limited number of extractive zones. In theory, limited availability and strong demand creates favourable conditions for producer states. In practice, many states have struggled to nationalize the production of battery-grade lithium, reflecting the dominant role that multinational corporations play in the sector. This paper explores the strategies that producer states in Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia have used to navigate this rapidly changing dynamic, making the case that the recent surge in demand for battery metals has created new opportunities for challenging the oligopoly of multinational capital but the ability of governments to reorient production linkages for enhancing incomes, technical capacity, and economic opportunity in the production of lithium derivatives remains structurally and historically constrained by the institutional legacies of nationalization and social mobilization that vary across the three states. Drawing upon the “political settlements” literature, we contend that national and subnational efforts to exert greater control over the lithium sector can be attributed to the institutional legacy of political contestation and the role of social actors in crafting new power configurations that challenge dominant state-business coalitions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24001308/pdfft?md5=1dadc05c0f0c083b6415d02153e5a6f7&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24001308-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Umut Mete Saka , Klaus Pacheco-Hague , Sebnem Duzgun , Nicole Smith
{"title":"An analysis of the impact of CO2 emissions from deforestation and mining in Madre de Dios, Perú","authors":"Umut Mete Saka , Klaus Pacheco-Hague , Sebnem Duzgun , Nicole Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Madre de Dios Region of Peru faces significant deforestation largely due to a surge in artisanal-small scale gold mining (ASGM), propelled by rising gold prices. This study evaluates the full scope of ASGM activities on net CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, accounting for both the deforestation that converts forests into mining territories and the emissions directly resulting from mining and transportation activities. By applying kriging to a comprehensive dataset, we determined the carbon content of the region and the annual loss of CO<sub>2</sub> capture due to deforestation. Our analysis also incorporates emissions from the Interoceanic highway, which has contributed to the mining boom. The findings indicate a total net CO<sub>2</sub> emission of 429.9 Gigagrams (Gg) per year, underscoring the critical environmental challenge these activities pose. Our study highlights the need for immediate and effective reclamation efforts, including reforestation with indigenous carbon-rich trees, as a counterbalance to the environmental damage inflicted. These efforts are essential to mitigate the adverse impacts and support the global movement towards net-zero emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yao Wang , Wei Shen , Zhengyun Zhou , Tsitsi Musasike , Tinotenda Chidhawu
{"title":"Advancing mineral-energy nexus for development (MEND) in Africa: A case study of Chinese lithium mining project in Zimbabwe","authors":"Yao Wang , Wei Shen , Zhengyun Zhou , Tsitsi Musasike , Tinotenda Chidhawu","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Providing sustainable energy solutions for critical mineral investments presents significant challenges, particularly in the context of resource-rich but energy-poor countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We developed an analytical framework to understand the role of the mineral-energy nexus in delivering developmental co-benefits (MEND). We identified four criteria of developmental co-benefits, namely (1) local electrification, (2) climate mitigation (via renewable energy technologies), (3) enhanced ‘last mile’ power infrastructures, and (4) re-distributive revenues for power sector reforms. By applying this framework to a case study of Chinese lithium mining investment in Zimbabwe, we illustrated the innovative potentials of the investors on the ground, the urgent need to nurture collaborative networks and risk-sharing mechanisms for local electrification, and the lack of regulatory and financial support for the investments on mineral-energy nexus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Making and unmaking the actually existing hegemonic green transition","authors":"Angus McNelly , Tobias Franz","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the applaudable reflexivity of transition scholars to include considerations of politics (among other things) in their frameworks, we argue that this is not enough, as the mainstream anglophone debates still suffer a fatal flaw: an inability to grasp the form taken by the actually existing hegemonic transition globally. This we contend, is shaped by two recent political economic developments: the concentration on capital in large pools (either under asset management or in Sovereign Wealth Funds) invested on financial markets on the one hand; and the “de-risking” Wall Street Consensus on the other. Because the mainstream anglophone transition debates still shy away from discussing the two (dialectically interwoven) main drivers of anthropogenic climate change – colonialism and capitalism – they remain unable to explain form assumed by the hegemonic green transition and what this means going forward. Scholars from the Latin America, particularly Argentina, in contrast, are confronted by the sharp end of financial markets and green extractivism. Their lived experience of the dark underpinnings of the green transition shaped by finance and extraction has sparked vibrant critical debates over alternatives to the dominant transition narratives that both act as a tonic to the de-politicised mainstream anglophone debates and offer provocations to more critical anglophone scholars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24001217/pdfft?md5=90f4fe61e6bda987a9c5732fb0a8cf51&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24001217-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Values in post-mining regional transition: A political–economic regime approach, with insights from Australia","authors":"Tira Foran , Fran Ackermann , Marcus Barber","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We develop a political-economic regime framework and apply it to assess the adequacy of governing arrangements to realise overarching social values in three Australian regions transitioning from mining (Victoria's Latrobe Valley; South West Western Australia; and Northern Territory's Gove Peninsula − a majority Indigenous region). The framework situates values, policy arguments, and institutions in a co-evolving system context. Through this lens, mine closure planning and post-mining development emerge as regimes that share overarching values. However, for land rehabilitation, institutions of mine closure risk management prevail over regional development processes. People's values and knowledge illuminate to an encouraging degree the functioning of complex political–economic regimes. Our analysis contributes to theory and practice of regional transition by revealing systemic interactions that need to be addressed for mine closures to contribute to post-mining regional development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24001199/pdfft?md5=40167c6c7aff65e4f8a41755f4ded1ef&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24001199-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142136808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards a holistic understanding of artisanal aggregate mining in Rwanda","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sand, gravel and crushed stones are the most mined solid materials on Earth and key ingredients in infrastructure development and modern societies. However, the pressure from the growing population for constructing new buildings and expanding living spaces has resulted in an increased demand for these resources, especially in the Global South. For instance, Africa's population is expected to grow from 1 to 2.4 billion in 2050 which would increase the pressure on these limited resources. Present knowledge of aggregate mining is largely limited to the negative effects of the extraction and lacks a nuanced understanding of the benefits to humans and society that the resources also provide. This article examines the variation in present-day aggregate extraction activities in the context of Rwanda, a country in East Africa that has experienced a significant infrastructure development in the last decades. Here we provide an overview of present-day aggregate mining activities across Rwanda to offer more nuances and details on the processes of mining operations to the present discussion. Going forward, the research community must, in a more holistic view, consider the intricate character of these practices and their impacts on economic development and how these resources offer a potential to alleviate poverty and develop countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141411627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}