KyklosPub Date : 2026-07-03Epub Date: 2026-04-29DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70058
Christian Lessmann, Ali Sina Önder, Maximilian Rose
{"title":"Do Science Kardashians Get Citation Premium? Self-Fulfilling Effects of Social Media on Scientific Impact","authors":"Christian Lessmann, Ali Sina Önder, Maximilian Rose","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We analyze whether the visibility of scientists on social media affects the number of academic citations. We use the global COVID-19 pandemic as a quasinatural experiment that exogenously increased public attention and the demand for expertise. Using publications on COVID-related topics by social media stars and their coauthors prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, we find that social media stars' pre-COVID-era papers received about \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>.</mo>\u0000 <mn>7</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo></math>–\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <mo>.</mo>\u0000 <mn>9</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo></math> more citations annually per paper after 2019. Quantitatively comparable results are obtained when we use scientists' Kardashian index (K-index) as a benchmark for stardom, however we find no significant effects when using the intensive margin of scientists' K-indexes. We provide a brief discussion of policy implications in light of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 3","pages":"788-795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-07-03Epub Date: 2026-05-08DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70059
Claudia Williamson Kramer
{"title":"Does Valuing Free Speech Affect Norms of Tolerance? Evidence From Individual Preferences","authors":"Claudia Williamson Kramer","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Amid intensifying global debates over balancing free speech with protections against hate speech, this paper investigates whether individuals who value free speech exhibit greater racial tolerance. Unlike prior studies focusing on the institutional effects of free speech, this paper examines whether individuals who prioritize free speech hold more racially tolerant attitudes. Using individual-level data from the Integrated Values Survey, individuals who prioritize free speech are found to be 2.3 percentage points more likely to hold racially tolerant attitudes, with a standardized effect of 2.65%. This association is robust to alternative fixed effects structures and clustering approaches and persists after conditioning on a broad range of individual-level controls. Results are corroborated using Afrobarometer data across 33 African countries. These findings are consistent with multiple theoretical mechanisms linking free speech values to tolerance, including persuasive communication and counterspeech, support for an independent media, and a broader culture of tolerance rooted in Enlightenment liberal norms. Overall, the results suggest that the social costs of restricting free expression extend to broader effects on tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 3","pages":"806-827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-07-03Epub Date: 2026-04-06DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70053
Vítor Castro
{"title":"Can Personal Freedom Drive Economic Complexity?","authors":"Vítor Castro","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on economic complexity has identified various factors that enable countries to achieve higher levels of productive sophistication. However, the role of personal freedom as a distinct driver has been overlooked. This paper argues that by providing the necessary environment for individuals to explore new ideas, be creative and challenge the status quo, personal freedom is essential to the development of unique and complex products. This hypothesis is tested using a panel of 139 countries over the 1998–2022 period and employing panel corrected standard error and system-GMM estimators to account for cross-sectional dependence, serial correlation, and potential endogeneity. Our empirical analysis provides robust evidence that personal freedom is a significant booster of economic complexity. This evidence is more prominent in developing and emerging countries and is largely driven by core civil liberties, rule of law, and property rights. The results emphasize that fostering an environment of personal liberty is a fundamental determinant of long-run economic sophistication and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 3","pages":"676-699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-07-03Epub Date: 2026-03-16DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70051
Leonardo Becchetti, Demetrio Bova, Lorenzo Semplici
{"title":"Freedom Types and Life Satisfaction: Empirical Evidence on the Role of Individual and Civic-Oriented Values","authors":"Leonardo Becchetti, Demetrio Bova, Lorenzo Semplici","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper examines the relationship between four freedom orientations—libertarian, utilitarian, civic, and communitarian—and subjective well-being. We conceptualize liberty orientations as varying in their prioritization of individual autonomy relative to the general interest. Using nationally representative survey data, we estimate a recursive generalized structural equation model (GSEM) with instrumental variables to address potential endogeneity between liberty orientations and well-being. Falsification tests confirm the validity of our instruments. The results indicate that civic and communitarian orientations are positively and significantly associated with higher levels of life satisfaction compared to libertarian and utilitarian orientations. The fit between freedom orientations and local institutional quality matters since living in areas with low institutional quality reduces the positive nexus between being civic or communitarian and subjective well-being. Our findings suggest that the value-context fit and value systems emphasizing voluntary alignment with, or prioritization of, the general interest foster higher well-being, consistent with research strands highlighting the importance of social relationships, generativity, procedural utility, and collective purpose discussed in the paper. Our contribution is both theoretical, by refining the typology of liberty orientations, and empirical, by providing causal evidence of their effects on subjective well-being.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 3","pages":"655-675"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-04-06Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70042
Jérémie Bertrand, El Ghassem El Ghassem
{"title":"Financial Inclusion: Does Cultural Heterogeneity Matter?","authors":"Jérémie Bertrand, El Ghassem El Ghassem","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Culture plays an important role in determining the financial inclusion of individuals. However, most studies consider culture as a homogeneous element. In this study, we lift the assumption of cultural homogeneity and look at how intra-cultural variation, i.e., the population distribution of a characteristic within a culture, affects financial inclusion. We use the World Bank's Global Findex database and show that intra-cultural variation in individualism values reduces financial inclusion. This reduction can be explained by the fact that a high degree of heterogeneity in the individualism cultural dimension leads to an increase in the informal network within a country and a decrease in trust in banking institutions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in individualistic countries, the effect of intra-cultural variation outweighs that of the cultural means. This effect highlights the significance of considering cultural diversity in understanding financial inclusion. Our results are robust to several alternative specifications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 2","pages":"500-518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-04-06Epub Date: 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70029
Vojtěch Mišák
{"title":"Temperature and Productivity in Soccer","authors":"Vojtěch Mišák","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the impact of temperature on soccer team productivity using match-level data from 10 countries across three continents. The results show that temperature affects multiple performance metrics, often in non-linear ways. Specifically, attacking efficiency is enhanced in warmer conditions, leading to increased goal productivity and improved shot conversion rates. Conversely, defensive performance appears to weaken in warmer conditions, with a decrease in defensive pressure and passing accuracy. Player aggression follows an inverted U-shaped pattern in relation to temperature. The effects of temperature vary across different leagues and climate regions. The relationship between temperature and outcome measures tends to be stronger in lower leagues, while the Champions League is the least influenced overall. Teams from colder regions experience a larger decline in passing volume when playing in high temperatures, with the effect being particularly pronounced in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 2","pages":"324-337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-04-06Epub Date: 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70039
Saadullah Bashir, Yilong Wang, Michael D. Krouse, William D. Casebeer, Sheila Ahmadi, Paul J. Zak
{"title":"Abstract Moral Decisions Are Unchanged After Oxytocin Administration","authors":"Saadullah Bashir, Yilong Wang, Michael D. Krouse, William D. Casebeer, Sheila Ahmadi, Paul J. Zak","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Western institutions are based on the impartial applications of the law. Yet, many legal decisions are replete with emotionally laden choices, including issues of life and death. In these cases, judges and juries are presumed to be able to make rational decisions by regulating their emotions. Two experiments were run to examine people's ability to make hypothetical life and death decisions as well as stages of moral development when emotional responses were manipulated pharmacologically using synthetic oxytocin administration (<i>N</i> = 81). The analysis showed that, relative to placebo, oxytocin did not affect abstract moral decisions of the “trolley car” type or influence moral development. These findings indicate that human beings are able to self-regulate when assessing abstract moral dilemmas, providing support for the design and functioning of Western civilization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 2","pages":"444-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-04-06Epub Date: 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70033
Inayat Khan, Ruiyang Niu, Xiaoyue Zhao, Xue Lei, Yuping Mao, Xu Zhengquain, Imran Khan, Huma Naz, Javed Khan
{"title":"CEO Succession and Corporate Investment: Evidence From China","authors":"Inayat Khan, Ruiyang Niu, Xiaoyue Zhao, Xue Lei, Yuping Mao, Xu Zhengquain, Imran Khan, Huma Naz, Javed Khan","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the influence of a CEO's firstborn son on corporate investment, taking into account the contingent role of the CEO's birth after the Cultural Revolution and the number of sons. Using a unique data set of the top 500 richest individuals and their associated corporate investments on the Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong stock exchanges between 2008 and 2020, our findings demonstrate that a CEO's firstborn son has a significant positive impact on corporate investment. Moreover, the number of sons and the CEO's birth after the Cultural Revolution have opposite moderating effects on this relationship. This finding adds new insights for corporate investment from the behavior finance perspective and guides firms' investment efficiency improvement.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 2","pages":"338-356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KyklosPub Date : 2026-04-06Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1111/kykl.70045
Adnan Ali, Yang Qian, Afzaal Ali, Zeeshan Ali
{"title":"Do Promarket Reforms Prevent Firms' Environmental Misconduct? The Role of Political Ties and Returnee Directors in Emerging Economies","authors":"Adnan Ali, Yang Qian, Afzaal Ali, Zeeshan Ali","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite recognizing the importance of promarket reforms in enhancing firms' accountability and development in emerging economies like China, their critical role in deterring environmental misconduct has been largely overlooked in the existing literature. To address this gap, this study draws on institutional theory to explore the relationship between promarket reforms and the reduction of environmental misconduct, focusing on the moderating effects of political ties (PT) and returnee directors. Analyzing a sample of 721 Chinese firms, we find a significant negative relationship between promarket reforms and environmental misconduct. Moreover, PT weakens this relationship, whereas returnee directors strengthen it. These findings remain robust across various alternative measures and endogeneity tests, including propensity score matching analysis, Heckman two-stage model, and a 2-year lagged analysis. Overall, this study adds value to corporate strategy and environmental management literature by shedding novel insights into the role of promarket reforms in addressing environmental misconduct in emerging economies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 2","pages":"564-584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147684040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Does State Fragility Drive Environmental Degradation? A Multidimensional Analysis of Governance and Socio-Economic Vulnerabilities","authors":"Cristian Barra, Luca Esposito, Pasquale Marcello Falcone","doi":"10.1111/kykl.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing crises in the environmental sector worldwide have increased the call for better comprehension of the linkage among governance, socio-economic stability, and environmental degradation. In this respect, state fragility—a term covering governance gaps, political instability, and economic turmoil—has emerged as a vital and rather unexplored cause of environmental degradation. This study examines how state fragility drives environmental degradation by analyzing the Fragile States Index (FSI) and PM2.5 air pollution across 130 countries from 2006 to 2020. Using generalized least squares (GLS) and Lewbel (2012) heteroskedasticity-based IV estimators, we disaggregate FSI into cohesion, economic, political, social, and external-intervention dimensions to identify heterogeneous effects. Results show that higher overall fragility is associated with increased PM2.5 and CO2 emissions, with economic and political fragility exerting the strongest positive impacts. Social pressures and external interventions also worsen air quality, while cohesion's effect is context-dependent—positive in baseline GLS but negative after addressing endogeneity—suggesting measurement and endogeneity issues. Controls reveal trade openness tends to raise pollution, whereas FDI and stronger institutions reduce it. Findings are more pronounced in low-income countries, underscoring sample heterogeneity. Policy implications stress strengthening governance, mobilizing green finance, and aligning external assistance with environmental objectives to break the fragility–pollution nexus.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"79 2","pages":"399-428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}