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A family member's death increases religious activity: Evidence from Germany 家庭成员的死亡会增加宗教活动：来自德国的证据
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12372
Tim Friehe, Christian Pfeifer
{"title":"A family member's death increases religious activity: Evidence from Germany","authors":"Tim Friehe,&nbsp;Christian Pfeifer","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12372","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12372","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Religiosity influences economic behavior in various domains, but what determines religiosity? Using data from the representative Socio-Economic Panel Study for Germany (SOEP), this paper shows that religious activity increases after a family member's death. The life event's effect is larger after a partner's death when compared to a parent's death. Our results indicate that the influence of a family member's death on religious activity is temporary and are consistent with the religious coping hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"458-468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An empirical application of herding behavior and compliance in the COVID-19 crisis 在 COVID-19 危机中对羊群行为和遵纪守法的实证应用
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12373
Helena Nilsson, Mikaela Backman
{"title":"An empirical application of herding behavior and compliance in the COVID-19 crisis","authors":"Helena Nilsson,&nbsp;Mikaela Backman","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12373","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is evidence that individuals engage in herding behavior in diverse settings, ranging from fashion choices to financial markets. By examining the exogenous shock caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 and unique data measuring the footfalls in downtown Jönköping, Sweden, we empirically assess how individuals respond to the restrictions imposed by the government <i>and</i> to the behavior of others, that is, herding. To this end, a regression discontinuity analysis with time as the running variable is applied. We find a negative effect of the restriction on footfalls, indicating that individuals follow the imposed governmental restrictions. However, we also find indications that individuals imitate the actions of others and engage in herd behavior even when the cost of doing so is very high; that is, it could result in severe illness or even death. With the use the unique setting of Sweden, where there have been no enforced lockdowns, we contribute with knowledge related to how effective voluntary restrictions are and the influence of others on one's decision making. Although the nature of the studied sample limits the external generalizability of the results, it may offer guidance for future interventions in clearly delineated settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"428-457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smartphones and attitudes to intimate partner violence: Evidence from Africa 智能手机与对亲密伴侣暴力的态度：来自非洲的证据
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12371
Robert Gillanders, Glenn McNamara
{"title":"Smartphones and attitudes to intimate partner violence: Evidence from Africa","authors":"Robert Gillanders,&nbsp;Glenn McNamara","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12371","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12371","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper, using data from the Afrobarometer surveys, examines the potential for smartphones to influence attitudes to intimate partner violence (IPV). Controlling for ownership of television and radio, we find that those living in areas with a higher incidence of smartphone ownership are more likely to state that it is never justifiable for a man to beat his wife. This is the case for both male and female respondents. We find that the strength of the association between regional smartphone proliferation and attitudes to IPV is similar for those who frequently get news from social media and those who get news from elsewhere. This suggests that our results are not driven entirely by personal social media use. Finally, we only find a statistically significant relationship for those who are socially conservative.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"411-427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139750767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does food import contribute to rising obesity in low- and middle-income countries? 食品进口是否导致中低收入国家肥胖率上升？
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2024-01-28 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12369
Marta Marson, Donatella Saccone, Elena Vallino
{"title":"Does food import contribute to rising obesity in low- and middle-income countries?","authors":"Marta Marson,&nbsp;Donatella Saccone,&nbsp;Elena Vallino","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several studies show a positive association between the rise of obesity in developing countries and globalization, trade, and food trade, but most do not account for reverse causality between the prevalence of obesity and trade flows. Moreover, most studies adopt broad definitions of trade and food trade, notwithstanding the main effects of trade on obesity may pass through import of specific foods. We address these concerns by empirically investigating the impact of food import on obesity in a sample of 116 developing countries (2000–2016) and by focusing, particularly, on processed and sugar-rich food. This is done by controlling for other globalization-related factors and by correcting the bias stemming from potential reverse causality through a two-step approach instrumenting obesity with the average height of adult population. One main robust conclusion emerges: it is neither economic and cultural globalization nor general food import, but rather the import of processed and sugar-rich food, which contributes to increase obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"371-410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140333328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The shape of business cycles: A cross-country analysis of Friedman's plucking theory 商业周期的形态：弗里德曼采摘理论的跨国分析
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12370
Emanuel Kohlscheen, Richhild Moessner, Daniel M. Rees
{"title":"The shape of business cycles: A cross-country analysis of Friedman's plucking theory","authors":"Emanuel Kohlscheen,&nbsp;Richhild Moessner,&nbsp;Daniel M. Rees","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12370","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12370","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We test the international applicability of Friedman's plucking theory of the business cycle in 18 advanced economies between 1970 and 2019. We find that in countries where labour markets are more flexible (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States), unemployment rates typically return to pre-recession levels, in line with Friedman's theory. Elsewhere, unemployment rate recoveries are less complete. Output recoveries differ less across countries, but more across episodes: on average, half of the decline in GDP during a recession persists. In contrast, the extent of labour market tightening or output growth during a boom generally does not provide any information about the intensity of the subsequent recession. In terms of sectors, declines in manufacturing are typically fully reversed. In contrast, construction-driven recessions, which are often associated with bursting property price bubbles, tend to be persistent.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"351-370"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139556359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending? 赋予妇女政治权力对军费开支重要吗？
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12368
Joseph Keneck-Massil, Iliassou Nkariepoun-Njoya, Bernard Clery Nomo-Beyala
{"title":"Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending?","authors":"Joseph Keneck-Massil,&nbsp;Iliassou Nkariepoun-Njoya,&nbsp;Bernard Clery Nomo-Beyala","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12368","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite recognition of the importance of women's political rights for the functioning of modern states, women's participation in political debate and decision-making remains low around the world. As the first study of its kind, this article examines the impact of women's political empowerment on military spending. Using a sample of 163 developed and developing countries, the article shows that women's political empowerment helps to reduce military spending. Moreover, this result remains robust when dealing with the level of development, endogeneity issues and geographical location. As an explanation, we highlight the role of women politically engaged in improving governance through the reduction of corruption, peacebuilding, their preference for social spending like education and health and their role in reduction discrimination against women.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"316-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sunlight, culture and state capacity 阳光、文化和国家能力
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12367
Roberto Ezcurra
{"title":"Sunlight, culture and state capacity","authors":"Roberto Ezcurra","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12367","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the impact of ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) on state capacity. The results indicate that the intensity of UV-R is a strong predictor of cross-country differences in state capacity. Countries with a higher degree of UV-R exposure tend on average to have weaker states. This finding remains unaffected after controlling for different variables that may be correlated with both UV-R and state capacity, including an extensive set of geographical, historical and contemporary factors. The observed link between sunlight and state capacity is not driven by potential outliers and is robust to the employment of alternative measures of state capacity, estimation methods and other sensitivity checks. Furthermore, the analysis also reveals that the individualistic–collectivist dimension of culture acts as a transmission channel connecting UV-R and state capacity. The estimates show that a lower degree of UV-R exposure leads to the adoption of individualistic values, which in turn contribute to the development of state capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"285-315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trade Liberalization, IMF Conditionality, and Policy Substitution in Developing Countries 发展中国家的贸易自由化、国际货币基金组织的条件限制和政策替代
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12366
Matthias Busse, Tim Vogel
{"title":"Trade Liberalization, IMF Conditionality, and Policy Substitution in Developing Countries","authors":"Matthias Busse,&nbsp;Tim Vogel","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12366","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Substantial tariff reductions and increased usage of non-tariff measures (NTMs) have been key dynamics of global trade policy in recent decades. We use highly disaggregated data on applied most favored nation tariffs, NTMs, and trade to investigate how International Monetary Fund (IMF) conditionality as a form of external pressure to reduce tariffs contributed to this dynamic in developing countries. Our results show that structural adjustment programs (SAPs) effectively lowered tariffs without increasing the usage of NTMs. A typical three-year program containing tariff conditionality decreased tariff rates in the range of 2.0 to 3.8 percentage points in total. Furthermore, IMF programs reduced NTM initializations significantly. We also show that tariff conditionality was more effective in initiating tariff cuts for countries without previous greater globalization efforts than being a “catalyst” for ongoing liberalization efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"256-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140333301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Economics is beautiful! 经济学是美丽的！
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12365
Walter E. Block
{"title":"Economics is beautiful!","authors":"Walter E. Block","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12365","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12365","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Economics is beautiful, and all undergraduates who love and revere beauty should major in this dismal science. Beauty is defined, for present purposes as cooperation, coordination, teamwork, togetherness, inclusiveness, and assists in sports. The greater the number of people participating in the “team,” the more gorgeous is the cooperation. The less central direction, whether implicit or explicit, other things equal, the greater is the loveliness of the coordination. The economy, that which economists study, beats all the competition, as, at least ideally, it encompasses the most people on the “team” (all of us!) with the least outside direction. Well, none at all, given full free enterprise with no central planning whatsoever. That, at least, would be the extreme degree of economic freedom.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 2","pages":"251-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138546965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The link between economic growth and emigration from developing countries: Does migrants' skill composition matter? 经济增长与发展中国家移民之间的联系：移民的技能构成是否重要？
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12364
Mauro Lanati, Rainer Thiele
{"title":"The link between economic growth and emigration from developing countries: Does migrants' skill composition matter?","authors":"Mauro Lanati,&nbsp;Rainer Thiele","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12364","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12364","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tackling the root causes of migration from developing countries through development cooperation has been suggested as an essential part of the policy mix in OECD migrant destinations. This is even though the evidence on whether economic development leads to more or less people emigrating is so far inconclusive. We investigate the relationship between income per capita and emigration to OECD countries separately for three different skill groups—low-skilled, medium-skilled and high-skilled emigrants—being the first to employ panel regression approaches that account for cross-country heterogeneity and cover a policy-relevant time frame of about 5 years. Our findings reveal a universal negative association between income per capita and emigration for all three skill groups and for different income thresholds. This implies that policy makers should not be too concerned about potential trade-offs between (successful) development cooperation and immigration management, at least in the short to medium run that our analysis covers. At the same time, the scope for using development cooperation as a migration policy instrument can be considered to be limited given the modest size of the estimated income effect: Taking our point estimates at face value, a 10% rise in GDP per capita would on average lead to about 3600 fewer immigrants per destination.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 1","pages":"213-248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138602458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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