IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12276

Trung V. Vu

{"title":"Are genetic traits associated with riots? The political legacy of prehistorically determined genetic diversity*","authors":"Trung V. Vu","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12276","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12276","url":null,"abstract":"This paper establishes that the worldwide distribution of political instability has its deep historical roots in genetic diversity, predetermined over the prehistoric course of the exodus of Homo sapiens from East Africa tens of thousands of years ago. It proposes that the relationship between prehistorically determined genetic diversity and contemporary political instability follows a U-shaped pattern. More specifically, genetic diversity at first reduces the persistence of political instability by increasing the opportunity cost of engaging in riots and revolts. However, genetically fragmented societies tend to suffer from interpersonal mistrust and the under-provision of public goods, which plausibly undermine the establishment of politically stable regimes. Using an ancestry-adjusted index of predicted genetic diversity, this paper consistently finds precise estimates that genetic diversity imparts a U-shaped influence on different measures of political instability and the probability of observing the occurrence of riots and revolts across 141 countries. Furthermore, the contribution of genetic diversity to political instability is at least partially mediated through income/productivity levels, the provision of public goods, income inequality and social trust.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/kykl.12276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77419863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Top graduate programmes in economics: Historical evolution and recent evidence 经济学顶尖研究生课程:历史演变与最新证据

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12268

John O’Hagan

{"title":"Top graduate programmes in economics: Historical evolution and recent evidence","authors":"John O’Hagan","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12268","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12268","url":null,"abstract":"The first part of the paper provides a novel overview narrative of the historical evolution of PhD programmes in economics from 1880, drawing on multiple sources. The second part is empirical, and, also novel in terms of the data constructed. It attempts to bring the narrative up to date by looking at the cohorts of winners of the main young economist awards in economics in the US and Europe over the last twenty years or so and to chart at which universities they obtained their doctorates and undergraduate degrees. The total number of young (at the time of the award) economists so involved exceeds 350.The evolution of the American-style PhD programme of today is traced to the emigration of European economists to the US from Nazi-occupied Europe in the 1930s, and its subsequent spread first to Britain and then Continental Europe documented. What is new in the last twenty years or so is the emergence of many Top-50 economics departments in Europe, with corresponding highly regarded PhD programmes. However, in relation to the recent elite young award-winning economists the position in terms of PhD education of Harvard and MIT particularly remains largely unchallenged, in both the US and Europe.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/kykl.12268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76890609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A disaster always rings twice: Early life experiences and central bankers' reactions to natural disasters 灾难总是会响起两次:早年的生活经历和央行官员对自然灾害的反应

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12267

Maqsood Aslam, Etienne Farvaque, Franck Malan

{"title":"A disaster always rings twice: Early life experiences and central bankers' reactions to natural disasters","authors":"Maqsood Aslam, Etienne Farvaque, Franck Malan","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12267","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12267","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the impact of natural disasters experienced in the early life of central bankers to assess their reaction to present-day similar events. We use a panel dataset covering 68 (developed and developing) countries, for the period 2000 Q1 to 2017 Q4, to examine how the very-short-run dynamics of inflation is affected by the (actual) natural disasters, and how past experiences affect the immediate reaction of central bankers to these shocks. Our results reveal that the effect of early-life experiences is significant: central bankers who have been exposed to disasters in early life tend to manage inflation in a more conservative way in the very-short-run. The effect disappears over the course of one year, and central bankers with superior voting power have a larger influence on outcomes. Younger central bankers are more conservative than older ones, which may reveal that the early-life disasters' impact decays over time. The European Central Bank (ECB) appears immune to such influences, in conformity with expectations given the ECB's federal architecture and the size of the area it administers. The behavior revealed by our results thus signifies that central banks tend, on average to avoid any inflationary bias, inducing that the long-run impact of a disaster suffered in the formative years of an individual can bring socially positive consequences, when such an individual becomes governor of her country's central bank.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/kykl.12267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78715453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Confinement and intimate partner violence† 禁闭和亲密伴侣暴力†

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12275

M. Amelia Gibbons, Tommy E. Murphy, Martín A. Rossi

引用次数: 9

Collusion, political connection, and tax avoidance in China 中国的勾结、政治关系和避税

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12265

Pi-Han Tsai, Yongzheng Liu, Xin Liu

引用次数: 12

Immigration, diversity and institutions 移民、多样性和制度

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12266

Stelios Roupakias, Spiridoula Dimou

引用次数: 2

Freedom, diversity and the taste for revolt 自由，多样性和反抗的品味

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12264

Dario Maimone Ansaldo Patti, Alba Marino, Pietro Navarra

引用次数: 0

Interregional fiscal transfers resulting from central government debt: New insights and consequences for political economy 中央政府债务导致的地区间财政转移:政治经济学的新见解和后果

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12258

Geert Jennes

{"title":"Interregional fiscal transfers resulting from central government debt: New insights and consequences for political economy","authors":"Geert Jennes","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12258","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12258","url":null,"abstract":"The political geography of central government debt has hardly been investigated. We propose a method for calculating implicit interregional transfers stemming from central government debt.We apply this method to Belgium over the 1970-2016 period. The share of poorer Francophone Belgium in debt-financed central government spending was persistently larger than its share in central government revenue used to pay the resulting interest bills. The opposite holds for richer Flanders. Also, a primary deficit in one particular year leads to an interest bill in each of the following years as long as debt caused by that primary deficit is not repaid. All the above caused debt-related transfers from Flanders to Francophone Belgium of over 7% of Flemish GDP during many years.Interregional interest transfers may also be large in the many other democracies suffering from both high central government debt and considerable geographic income disparities.The size of these transfers may in turn explain the size and persistence of central government deficits. This is also because poorer, less densely populated regions such as Francophone Belgium tend to be overrepresented within central governments. This strengthens their ability to cause deficits.We recommend more fiscal decentralisation or at least smaller central government deficits.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/kykl.12258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83241643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transparency, civic capital and political accountability: A virtuous relation? 透明度、公民资本和政治问责:一种良性关系?

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12260

Giuseppe Albanese, Emma Galli, Ilde Rizzo, Carla Scaglioni

引用次数: 6

Backward-oriented economics Backward-oriented经济学

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12263

Bruno S. Frey

引用次数: 4

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