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Is pain associated with subsequent job loss? A panel study for Germany 疼痛与随后的失业有关吗？德国小组研究
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-08-25 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12319
Alan Piper, David G. Blanchflower, Alex Bryson
{"title":"Is pain associated with subsequent job loss? A panel study for Germany","authors":"Alan Piper,&nbsp;David G. Blanchflower,&nbsp;Alex Bryson","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12319","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cross-sectional association between pain and unemployment is well-established. But the absence of panel data containing information on pain and labor market status has meant that less is known about the direction of any causal linkage. Those longitudinal studies that do examine the link between pain and subsequent labor market transitions suggest results are sensitive to the measurement of pain and model specification. We contribute to this literature using large-scale panel data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) for the period 2002 to 2018. We show that workers suffering pain are more likely than others to leave their job for unemployment or economic inactivity. This probability rises with the frequency of the pain suffered in the previous month. The effect persists having accounted for fixed unobserved differences across workers, is apparent among those who otherwise report good general health and is robust to the inclusion of controls for mental health, life satisfaction and the employee's occupation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 1","pages":"141-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50154139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Weaned off public money: The effect of discontinued reception of public cash on firm outcomes 失去公共资金：停止接受公共资金对公司业绩的影响
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12317
Peter Grajzl, Jaka Cepec, Barbara Mörec
{"title":"Weaned off public money: The effect of discontinued reception of public cash on firm outcomes","authors":"Peter Grajzl,&nbsp;Jaka Cepec,&nbsp;Barbara Mörec","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12317","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given the large footprint of the public sector in modern capitalist economies, many businesses are recipients of public money. But how are recipient firms impacted when they are weaned off public money? Drawing on unique data from Slovenia, we assemble a firm-level panel linking comprehensive records on public-sector cash transactions to businesses with detailed annual information on more than 72,000 firms observed between 2015 and 2019. To address endogeneity, we combine matching with difference-in-differences estimation. Weaning-off on average fundamentally disrupts a firm's production and organization, causing a marked decline in output, total assets, and input use, as well as a decrease in productivity and export proclivity. Several effects of weaning-off are contingent on firm age. Younger firms undergo comparatively stronger effects on production operations, but, interestingly, only older firms experience negative effects on productivity and liquidity. Estimated aggregate value-added losses incurred by treated firms fall short of the total amount of public money disbursed to those firms. Thus, from a normative standpoint, diminished transactional involvement of the public sector with firms could potentially generate net social gains. Our analysis offers a new perspective on the repercussions of public sector's involvement in the economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 1","pages":"41-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50133181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Feeling the heat? Fear of failure and performance 感觉到热了吗？对失败和表现的恐惧
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12316
Alberto Chong, Marco Z. Chong
{"title":"Feeling the heat? Fear of failure and performance","authors":"Alberto Chong,&nbsp;Marco Z. Chong","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12316","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We use new individual-level data from MasterChef, a television show in the United States in order to objectively capture situations of fear of failure. We codify situations in which the contestants are on the verge of being eliminated from competition and situations where they explicitly express fear of failing. These new data have the distinct advantage of being purely objective. We cover ten seasons, from 2010 to 2020 and include nearly 200 observations to study the role of fear of failure on performance. Using ordinary least squares, we show that extreme fear of failure is associated with an increase of two to four positions in the final placement of the cooking competition. This positive link between fear of failure and performance tends to contradict the conventional wisdom in both psychology and behavioral economics that such a link tends to be negative. Our findings are robust to broad changes in specification.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 1","pages":"3-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Islam and democracy 伊斯兰教与民主
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12315
Saeed Khodaverdian
{"title":"Islam and democracy","authors":"Saeed Khodaverdian","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12315","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Muslim countries have a lower democracy level on average than the other countries. Yet, this cross-country comparison is not sufficient to blame Islam for the democracy deficit. This issue is related to the numerous fixed characteristics that differ across the countries and that also have an effect on democracy. When the differences are not considered, the estimates mix the effect of the fixed characteristics with the effect that Islam has on democracy. We show this issue for a large set of countries covering the period 1950–2015. In cross-country comparisons, we find a negative link between the share of Muslims in the total population and common measures for democracy. Yet, when the fixed characteristics are considered, the negative link vanishes. Thus, the lower democracy level has to be due to a fixed characteristic; it cannot be associated to (time-varying) Muslim shares. Numerous empirical specifications support this finding. We also measure Islam by the average per-day length of fasting during the month of Ramadan exploring whether the intensity of practicing the core teachings of Islam has a negative effect on democracy. Again, the evidence rejects a negative effect of Islam on democracy. If anything, the effect is positive. The findings are important for social coexistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"75 4","pages":"580-606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71934377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ownership and media slant: Evidence from Swedish newspapers 所有权和媒体倾向：来自瑞典报纸的证据
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12318
Marcel Garz, Jonna Rickardsson
{"title":"Ownership and media slant: Evidence from Swedish newspapers","authors":"Marcel Garz,&nbsp;Jonna Rickardsson","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the role of media owners for the political bias of newspapers in Sweden, using an original dataset on outlets, consumer preferences, and ownership between January 2014 and April 2019. We construct an index of slant based on similarities in the language between newspapers and speeches given by members of parliament. Our results indicate that newspapers held by the same owner tend to offer the same mix of slant, rather than aligning their bias with consumer preferences in their area of circulation. Owners are even less inclined to differentiate the slant across outlets before elections, when the political returns to persuasion are high. We find no evidence that owners impose a one-size-fits-all slant because product differentiation is too costly. In addition, we find suggestive evidence of owner-independent bias induced by the writers of opinion articles. The Swedish context illustrates that supply-driven slant cannot be ruled out in market-based media systems if the ties between media and politics are strong.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 1","pages":"18-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50126970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Shaping strategic arms trade controls: A multivariate approach 形成战略性武器贸易控制：一种多元方法
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12314
Jeroen Klomp
{"title":"Shaping strategic arms trade controls: A multivariate approach","authors":"Jeroen Klomp","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12314","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this study is to measure the stringency of strategic arms trade controls across countries and explain the variation herein. This regulatory framework is implemented by sovereign states to control the international transfer of military-strategic items that potentially contain a security risk. For the purpose of this study, I apply a two-stage approach. In the first step, I employ factor analysis on more than sixty regulatory indicators related to the rigorousness of and compliance to strategic arms trade controls in a particular country to construct two new measures. The first measure is related to the extent of implementing arms trade laws and legislation, while the second captures the enforcement and control of this kind of regulation. The individual country scores indicate that there exists substantial variation in the extent to which countries implement and enforce strategic trade regulations. Therefore, in the second step, I use the predicted factor scores as a dependent variable in a Bayesian Model Averaging analysis to test several economic and political theories and find the key drivers of the stringency of strategic arms trade regulations and control policies. The general findings of this analysis suggest that the implementation and enforcement of strategic arms trade controls are primarily determined by the trade-off between two competing policy objectives: national security on the one hand and domestic economic interests on the other. In particular, the implementation effort of arms trade laws and legislation is mainly explained by economic factors, while the degree of enforcement and control is more associated with political factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"75 4","pages":"646-671"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71965095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Letting offenders choose their punishment? 让罪犯选择惩罚？
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12313
Gilles Grolleau, Murat C. Mungan, Naoufel Mzoughi
{"title":"Letting offenders choose their punishment?","authors":"Gilles Grolleau,&nbsp;Murat C. Mungan,&nbsp;Naoufel Mzoughi","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12313","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Punishment menus allow offenders to choose the punishment to which they will be subjected from a set of options. We present several behaviorally informed rationales for why punishment menus may serve as effective deterrents, notably by causing people to refrain from entering a calculative mindset; reducing their psychological reactance; causing them to reconsider the reputational impacts of punishment; and reducing suspicions about whether the act is enforced for rent-seeking purposes. We argue that punishment menus can outperform the traditional single punishment if these effects can be harnessed properly. Our observations thus constitute a challenge, based on behavioral arguments, to the conventional view that adding (possibly unexercised) punishment options to an existing punishment scheme is unlikely to increase deterrence or welfare. We explain how heterogeneities among individuals can pose problems to designing effective punishment menus and discuss potential solutions. After explaining how punishment menus, if designed and implemented benevolently, can serve socially desirable goals, we caution against their possible misuse by self-interested governments.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"75 4","pages":"607-617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12313","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71976839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Punishing or rallying ‘round the flag? Heterogeneous effects of terrorism in South Tyrol 惩罚还是团结在国旗周围？恐怖主义在南蒂罗尔的异质影响
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12311
Alessandro Belmonte
{"title":"Punishing or rallying ‘round the flag? Heterogeneous effects of terrorism in South Tyrol","authors":"Alessandro Belmonte","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12311","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies the electoral effects of terrorism by examining a rich panel dataset on the South Tyrolean case. A Northern and predominantly German-speaking region of Italy, South Tyrol was the theater of a long war of attrition fought between the majority language group and the Italian state for autonomy and independence. Using detailed information on the whole record of 337 terrorist attacks occurring between 1956 and 1991, I find that (i) low-scale terror or attacks which targeted police forces negatively affected incumbent support; (ii) high-scale terror or attacks which targeted civilians or caused deaths were conducive of rally-round-the-Italian-flag momenta; (iii) support to terrorists sensibly drops after deadly attacks. These findings highlight the role of terror intensity and violence in driving the impact of terrorism on incumbent actors and terrorist organizations and help reconcile the coexistence of seemingly contradictory effects of terrorism documented in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"75 4","pages":"536-563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71945728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Fortunes and misfortunes of the dragon sons: Direct and cohort effects of superstition on education attainment 龙子的吉凶：迷信对受教育程度的直接和群体效应
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12312
Andy L. Chou
{"title":"Fortunes and misfortunes of the dragon sons: Direct and cohort effects of superstition on education attainment","authors":"Andy L. Chou","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12312","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research has highlighted the impact of the Chinese zodiac on fertility, education, and labor market outcomes. Yet previous research does not account for the indirect impact of parental belief on fertility. I develop a new empirical method for evaluating the impact of the zodiac superstition on education attainment using the difference between school cohorts and zodiac cohorts. The new method nests previous methods and identifies effects of the zodiac superstition on education which are independent of cohort effects. Using the Taiwan Social Change Survey, I find evidence of a positive effect for being born in the dragon zodiac years and a negative effect for being born in the tiger zodiac years. I find the results are driven only by older students within an academic cohort. These results cannot be explained by birth planning or overall increase in self-confidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"75 4","pages":"564-579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71990464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corruption and life satisfaction: Evidence from a transition survey 腐败与生活满意度：来自转型调查的证据
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12304
Luca Andriani, Gaygysyz Ashyrov
{"title":"Corruption and life satisfaction: Evidence from a transition survey","authors":"Luca Andriani,&nbsp;Gaygysyz Ashyrov","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12304","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fighting corruption cannot lie exclusively on appropriate formal institutions. It also requires social support and public engagement. Particularly in countries under institutional and economic transition. We embrace the recent perspective arguing that higher quality of life conditions makes people better citizens, more civically committed and more conformed to institutional rules. Accordingly, we study whether life satisfaction is a predictor of individuals' corruption aversion across 28 former socialist countries from Eastern Europe and Central Asia. We use data from the third wave of the Life in Transition Survey (2015–2016). 2SLS estimations suggest that individuals reporting higher scores of life satisfaction are more averse to corruption. Our results are robust to a series of sensitivity analyses. Additionally, we estimate predicted values of corruption aversion for different levels of institutional trust across low and high life satisfaction groups. We find that when institutional trust is very low, its impact on corruption aversion does not differ between life satisfaction groups. As institutional trust increases so does corruption aversion and this occurs even more amongst the group of respondents with high life satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"75 4","pages":"511-535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71974024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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